CN87102751A - Multi-point fuel injection apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

A kind of fuel delivery and ejecting system that is used for combustion engine.There is an independent fuel nozzle valve in this system, and it can be injected whole desired fuel oils in each combustion cylinder of motor effectively equally by means of the chamber that communicates with the superatmospheric pressure air; Fuel oil that sprays and superatmospheric pressure air mixing form fuel-air mixed gas, and this mixed gas then flow in the intake duct of each combustion engine cylinder.

Description

Multi-point fuel injection apparatus

On the whole, the present invention relates to fuel injection apparatus, more particularly relate to be used to measure the fuel injection system and the fuel injection apparatus of the amount of fuel of supplying with the combustion engine that is associated.

Although automotive industry is devoted to improve the fuel economy of motor car engine in the several years in the past in order to seek the advantage in competition always, yet the income that various government organs think thus and obtained remains not enough, thereby these government organs are with regard to about starting fuel economy and may being entered the maximum permission amount of carbon monoxide, hydrocarbon and various nitrogen oxidess in the waste gas of atmosphere and constantly be formulated more and more stricter regulation by motor.

In order to satisfy the regulation of these strictnesses, prior art has before this proposed to adopt a kind of carburetor arrangement of being furnished with electromagnetic type duty cycle type adjustment mechanism for valve, wherein carburetor arrangement still plays the function of suction means, and the fuel flow that is inhaled into then can be according to indicating engine running situation and other to follow the feedback signal of situation controllably to be adjusted by the duty cycle adjustment mechanism for valve.Generally speaking, this carburetor arrangement can't satisfy above-mentioned more and more stricter regulation.

Employing fuel metering injection apparatus (or fuel delivery adjusting injection apparatus) has also been proposed in the prior art, in device, there are some nozzle assemblies to be contained in the air inlet valve position of each cylinder of piston engine, these nozzle assemblies receive from the fuel oil (its pressure is greater than atmospheric pressure) in a public fuel metering source and according to the time relationship of engine running, periodically fuel oil is directly injected in each cylinder of motor.This fuel injection apparatus except the cost height, owing to require to provide the fuel flow of metering in the metering fuel flow scope of non-constant width, does not therefore also prove general successful.Usually, the fuel injection apparatus of these prior arts is very accurate at an end of desired metering fuel flow scope, then is coarse relatively at the other end of identical metering fuel flow scope.And when making that the fuel injection system of these prior arts when being accurate, then is coarse relatively at the two ends of its same range as at the intermediate portion of desired metering fuel flow scope usually.Adopt the signal feedback device of the fuel metering characteristic of the fuel injection apparatus that changes this prior art not solve the coarse problem of metering, this is that these factors are: effective nozzle hole area of oil nozzle because this problem is related each other by following these factors usually; By nozzle post pin that is associated or the desired comparing motion of valve regulated parts; The inertia of valve regulated parts or nozzle; And nozzle opening pressure (being the pressure of nozzle when opening).Should be clearly to see, desired metering fuel flow speed be more little, and these factors just become big more to its influence.

Before this, also have to adopt the throttle body of the fuel metering valve controlling device that one or more electromagnetic type duty cycle types are housed in the prior art, the fuel oil of metering is sprayed into by fuel metering valve controlling device and enters then in the air stream that flows through throttle body during motor carries out.Both made this structure that the metering fuel flow speed of meticulous control can be provided substantially effectively, but they still are limited satisfying the above-mentioned more and more ability of strict regulation.This helpless reason to small part be since in this apparatus system throttle body be that engine charge pipeline that the mixed gas with air and the fuel oil that atomized is passed through when being infeeded each engine cylinder combines and uses.Because the shortcoming in the design, engine characteristics, cost factor and be to lack repeatability on the identical admission line basically making, when other engine cylinder was equipped with their desired stoichiometric(al) fuel-air ratios, other engine cylinders are the fuel feeding deficiency then.The result, the concentration of whole Fuel Delivery System (with regard to fuel oil) must increase, reaching a kind of Fuel Air ratio, for those will be the Fuel Air ratio that the engine cylinder of fuel feeding deficiency provides desired stoichiometric(al) in other cases, to reach the normal operation of motor.But, to do like this, the concentration of the fuel-air mixed gas in other engine cylinder is actually (with regard to the fuel oil) of overrich, causes the effulent that fuel economy reduces and motor produces of motor to increase thus.

Prior art has before this also proposed to adopt a kind of throttle body, and it only is used for controlling the air mass flow speed that flows into the engine charge pipeline that links and and the fuel metering valve controlling device of some the electromagnetic type duty cycle types use that combines.Each described these duty cycle adjustment mechanism for valve all are loaded on apart from the very approaching position of each cylinder so that import gas handling system at each some metering fuel oil and with fuel oil thus, and the premises is positioned at the intake valve place of the engine cylinder that approaches to be associated at least.In this structure, usually by the way that people accepted be one of assembling greater than the public fuel line of regulating under the atmospheric pressure, the fuel oil that it will not measure infeeds in each duty cycle adjustment mechanism for valve of carrying out function of measuring.These apparatus systems are very expensive, because need a plurality of duty cycle pitch controlling devices and measuring apparatus, and in order to reach optimum performance, these adjustment mechanism for valve must be mutual flow matches on being configured to motor the time.In addition, in this structure, when one or more duty cycle adjustment mechanism for valve can not be worked, think that the best practice is that all duty cycle adjustment mechanism for valve are all changed, so that reach one group of nozzle that is complementary of motor again with this.And in this system, if in the nozzle or one of duty cycle adjustment mechanism for valve beginning cisco unity malfunction, if and used waste gas component sensor and feedback signal generator, the concentration of the fuel-air ratio of (decide like situation) residue nozzle assembly then will be attempted further to increase or be reduced to the electric control device that links, because whether the variation that can not distinguish detected waste gas component by the waste gas feedback signal is because the malfunction of one or more nozzle assemblies is caused or whether whole system need be regulated measuring fuel flow.

The invention of following discloses and description mainly is to the problem of above-mentioned prior art and other relevant and solution problem that follow.

According to the present invention, one is used for combustion engine associated therewith (this motor has several combustion cylinders, each cylinder is furnished with the suction valve device) fuel metering system comprise several fuel nozzles, a fuel metering valve regulating element, this valve regulating element can be according to (nozzle) thus the position of opening and closing moves around and makes fuel oil flow through above-mentioned several fuel nozzles or fuel flow is stopped, and the fuel flow rate of metering by described nozzle thus, be used to make described metering valve regulating element to shift to the described electromagnetic machine of opening and close the position, various chambers, the air that will have superatmospheric pressure infeeds the pipeline of certain first chamber, and several Fuel Air delivery conduits that are connected with described chamber, described several Fuel Air delivery conduits can be accepted the fuel oil that has measured through described nozzle effectively and accept to be arranged in the superatmospheric pressure air of described chamber, and will be made up of the fuel oil and the superatmospheric pressure air of described metering, be the FLUID TRANSPORTATION of fuel-air emulsion shape each region of acceptance spaced apart from each other to combustion engine.

Of the present inventionly variously totally read following detailed description postscript with concrete purpose, advantage and characteristic at the reference accompanying drawing and will become clearly.

In the accompanying drawings, wherein for the sake of clarity, some parts and/or element can save from one or more views.

Fig. 1 is a view according to fuel metering system of the present invention, and wherein element and the parts that schematically illustrate to diagram have provided a whole fuel delivery and a metering system that is used for combustion engine associated therewith in a simplified manner;

Fig. 2 is that the fuel-metering device of Fig. 1 is removed the relative view that has amplified of when cutting open one in part;

Fig. 3 is the planimetric map of one of element among Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is basically along the view planar interception of 4-4 line among Fig. 3 and that look from its direction of arrow;

Fig. 5 is basically along the view planar interception of 5-5 line among Fig. 3 and that look from its direction of arrow;

Fig. 6 is basically along the view planar interception of 6-6 line among Fig. 5 and that look from its direction of arrow;

Fig. 7 is basically along the plane of 7-7 line intercepting among Fig. 3 and the cross section view of looking from its direction of arrow;

Fig. 8 is basically along the plane of 8-8 line intercepting among Fig. 6 and the cross section view of looking from its direction of arrow;

Fig. 9 is the view of another element among Fig. 2;

Figure 10 is basically along the plane of 10-10 line intercepting among Fig. 9 and the cross section view of looking from its direction of arrow;

Figure 11 is basically along the plane of 11-11 line intercepting among Figure 12 and the cross section view of looking from its direction of arrow;

Figure 12 is the fragmentary axial cross-section of the amplification of another element among Fig. 2;

Figure 13 is the view of another amplification of looking along the plane of 13-13 line intercepting among Figure 12 and from its direction of arrow basically;

Figure 14 is the device and the partial enlarged view of Fig. 1 device among Fig. 2;

Figure 15 is a view similar to Figure 14, but its expression is another embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 16 is the view similar to Figure 14 or Figure 15 and represents another embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 17 be to Figure 14, Figure 15 or Figure 16 in any one similar view and the expression an alternative embodiment of the invention;

Figure 18 is the local amplification view of one of element among the arbitrary figure that is shown among Fig. 2,12,14,15,16 and 17, and the modification in construction of this element is shown;

Figure 19 is the local amplification view of the device shown in arbitrary figure in Fig. 2,12,14,15,16 and 17, and the modification in construction of the element of being drawn is shown;

Figure 20 is a view similar to Figure 13 and wherein modification in construction is shown;

Figure 21 is basically along the plane of 21-21 line intercepting among Figure 20 and the cross section view of looking from its direction of arrow;

Figure 22 is a view similar to arbitrary view among Figure 14,15,16,17 and 19 and an alternative embodiment of the invention is shown;

Figure 23 is the view similar to Figure 22, and another embodiment of the present invention is shown;

Figure 24 is the local schematic views of the device that can use in the present invention;

In detail with reference to accompanying drawing, Fig. 1 illustrates a fuel metering and feedway or 14, one fuel oil containers of 12, one air feeders of 10, one combustion engines of system (or internal-combustion engine) or fuel tank 16 and a control gear 18 associated therewith now.

Motor 12 can have the gas-entered passageway 20 of divergent air-tube type, and it can communicate with ambient atmosphere by 22 by air inlet.A closure 24 that is contained on the pivot and can manually shifts one's position is arranged in intake duct device 22.An air inlet filter (but not shown well-known parts) is connected to the inlet end of gas-entered passageway 22.In an illustrated embodiment, four-banger of motor 12 usefulness is described, and intake manifold or passage 20 links with each intake duct of each engine cylinder, as locating 26,28,30 and 32 etc.As known in this technology, this intake duct can be controlled by the parts of so-called engine intake valve, these suction valves according to the time relationship of motor motion, periodically opening and closing.Engine exhaust pipe 34 links and links with an engine exhaust conduit 36 with the air outlet flue of each engine cylinder.Exhaust manifolds 36 enter atmosphere with the waste gas of motor.

Control gear 18 for example can comprise suitable control of electronic logic type and the power output device that can accept one or more parametric type input signals and produce related output signal according to this signal.For example, engine temperature response sensor 38 can provide the signal that can indicate engine temperature for control gear 18 through transmission line 40; Detector 42 can be measured the relative oxygen content (in engine exhaust conduit 36 scopes) in the engine exhaust and the signal of this relative oxygen content of indication is provided to control gear 18 through transmission line 44; The signal that engine speed response sensor 46 can provide an indication engine speed for control gear 18 through transmission line 48, and for example can a signal be provided for control gear 18 through transmission line 50 by the engine load of the position indication of the closure 24 of engine aspirating system.Link with control gear 18 on transmission line 50 is connected to power management person's the foot-propelled throttle control operating handle 52 and by same transmission line or the transmission line 54 that links with it.Power supply 56 and relevant switch 58 can be connected to control gear 18 with to its power supply through lead 60 and 62.The output terminal of control gear 18 respectively through lead 64 and 66 and the electric connection 68 and 70 of measuring apparatus 10 electrically connect, and the electric connection 68 of measuring apparatus 10 electrically connects with relative electric connection that a related electric field produces coil with 70.

Fuel tank or fuel oil container 16 are provided with fuel oil (fuel pump 72 can be installed on fuel tank 16 inside) for the fuel pump 72 that links, and fuel pump 72 is fed to fuel oil the ingress of measuring apparatus 10 under superatmospheric pressure through conduit 74.Outlet or return conduit 76 are used for excessive fuel oil is sent back to a upstream region of pump 72, for example send back in the fuel tank 16.

Air feeder 14 is used for the superatmospheric pressure air is supplied with metering and supplier 10 through conduit 78.

The fuel-air emulsion that fuel-air emulsion delivery conduit 80,82,84 and 86 is used for the automatic measurer in future is transported to very approaching with the intake duct of each engine cylinder at least output and receiving area, and these intake ducts generally are positioned near induction part 26,28,30 and 32.

In detail with reference to Fig. 2～10, as shown in the figure, measuring apparatus comprises a main body or shell 88, a normally columniform shoulder hole 90 is wherein arranged, the element 92 that can be made by steel that is generally annular end is housed in the hole 90 slidably, element 92 itself has one first peripheral groove, one 0 shape ring 94 partly is installed in groove and is made this loop mapping, from then on flows through in order to prevent liquid (being fuel oil herein).

One be substantially the housing member 96 of tubulose be installed in the hole 90 tightly and axially support on the upper surface 98 of the element 92 of annular end (as shown in Figure 2).Have a circular trough partly to install and locate one 0 shape ring 100 in the above-mentioned upper surface 98, this ring is used to seal and prevents that fuel oil flows through from here when the layshaft end 102 of a bobbin that is associated 104 is arranged on the surface 98.

A coil 106 that produces electric field is housed on the bobbin 104, as previously mentioned, this coil and joint 68 and 70(Fig. 1) electrically connect.Whole minute device comprises the end member spare 92, housing member 96, bobbin 104, coil 106, joint 68 and 70 and utmost point element (do not show in the garden but many in present technique all be known) of annular end, and these parts all are contained in and are sealed in hole or the inner chamber 90 by suitable pressing plate 108 and the suitable fasteners (one of them is shown in 110) that is associated.

Guide rod nozzle member 112 is loaded in the deep hole that cooperatively interacts that forms in main body 88 suitably and is supporting a housing parts that cooperatively interacts 114 can thinking dispenser assembly 115.O V-shaped ring 116 between the flanged end of housing main body 88 and element 112, is used to prevent that fuel oil from flowing through from here substantially.Be that tubular element 118 is inserted in the bar portion of element 112 and can moves with respect to the bar portion of element 112 substantially.Substantially, one when making coil 106 energization excitations, will make element 118 overcome the resistance of spring 119 and the (see figure 2) that moves up, thus its flange-shape bottom is opened greatly in guide rod and nozzle member 112, form, be the flow channel for liquids or the nozzle of closing in the past.

A kind of as shown in the figure fuel pressure adjusting apparatus 120 comprises first chamber 122 that forms and second chamber 124 that forms in cap-like shell parts 126 in main body 88, the removable film sheet or the thin-wall part 128 of a pressure response are housed on it, separate chamber 122 and 124 and between them, form a common wall on its outer rim effectively thereby be clipped in rightly.Valve support 130 has an annular portion to withstand on whereby on diaphragm 128 1 sides in the chamber 122, and another part 134 of valve support 130 passes a diaphragm 128 and a rear support plate 136 and is packed on this rear support plate 136.One end of spring 138 links up with rear support plate 136 with matching, and the other end of spring 138 is connected on the spring bracket parts 140, and parts 140 are then regulated bolt 142 supportings by one.In case reach suitable pressure adjustment (as by regulating bolt 142), then outside opening is preferably by the 144 sealing choke-outs of suitable Sealing.

Valve support 130 has an inner chamber to be used to hold ball valve piece 146, and this ball valve piece 146 is made has a flat valve surface 148.Ball valve 146 can be clamped in the valve support 130 by the position 150 of valve support 130 substantially.Position 150 is close to ball valve 146 and is made on the valve support 130.In addition, valve support 130 can have a bore portion, assemble a spring therein supporting ball valve 146 constantly, and reduce (if not eliminating fully) ball valve 146 greatly from its cooperation desirable the best on surface 154 any trend that the direction of action removes of taking a seat of taking a seat by friction thus facing to valve base element 156.Valve base element 156 itself can be pressed in the passage or duct 158 that forms in the main body 88.In addition, duct 160 is used to finish the connection road between valve base element 156, duct 158 and the pipeline 76.

Usually, through flow through annular space between the inner cylindrical surface 168 of the inner cylindrical surface 164 of barrel portion 166 of the outside cylindrical surface 162 of element 118 and bobbin 104 and active tunnel end member spare 92 of the fuel oil that pipeline 74 infeeds.The fuel oil of this annular space of flowing through finally flow into chamber shape part 170, and metering flows to motor (this will describe in detail afterwards) from here.Duct 172 links with chamber 170, is used for the fuel oils in the chamber 170 are infeeded chamber 122, makes fuel pressure affact diaphragm or movably on the thin-walled 128.Usually, after fuel pressure surpasses a size of being scheduled to, the resistance that diaphragm 128 just will overcome spring 138 further moves right, thus, ball valve 146 will move along leaving its surface direction of 154 of taking a seat of matching, and make a part of fuel oil stream through valve seat 156, duct 158 and Returning pipe 76.Pressure regulator valve element 146 this leaves and closes that action is used to keep is constant fuel metering pressure difference basically.

Duct 174 can be done in the main body 88, is used to accept also this air to be imported from the superatmospheric pressure air of pipeline 78 receiving area of dispenser device 115.

Also will be with reference to Fig. 3～8, main distributor 114 comprises that a top installation surface 176(is shown in arbitrary figure among Fig. 2,5,7 and 8), can utilize this surface to cooperate installation with the matching surface 178 of main body 88.Main body 114 can have one to be the external structure of cuboid substantially, and fillet is all made at the angle that formation sidewall 180,182,184 and their each self intersections of 186(connect).

The bottom surface 188 of main distributor 114 can be a cone structure, and when from a horizontal surface or with surface 176 parallel surface measurements, the tilt angle of cone structure for example can be 9.0 °.

Shown in Fig. 2,3,7 and 8, a groove 190 is arranged on upper surface 176 in the main body 114, therefore when main body 114 was fastened on the housing main body 88, this groove 190 can become a chamber or manifold.One second groove 192 is positioned at groove 190 radial outer periphery places, is used for installing an O V-shaped ring 194, and after main body 114 installed on the housing main body 88, seal ring 194 just formed an oil sealing betwixt.

In disclosed embodiment, be equipped with the key pin parts to guarantee the selected earlier physical relation of giving between some first portions and/or the part.This will describe in detail afterwards.But the blind hole (end sealing) of only pointing out herein to match be in housing main body 88 and main body 114, form and lay key or the locating stud that matches therein.The blind hole that forms in main body 114 illustrates (Fig. 3) by 196 and 198, their positioned opposite and perpendicular to surface 176 on diametric(al).

In the illustrated embodiment, four be substantially columniform passage 200,202,204 and 206 pass main body 114 and be made into preferably make them axes intersect in a common point, this common point also is positioned at the vertical on the long line of axle 208.In addition, in disclosed embodiment, described passage 200,202,204 with 206 each approximately become 9.0 ° angle with axis 208.

As being illustrated best and typically by in passage 200 and 204 each among Fig. 7, each passage 200,202,204 and 206 preferably is arranged in more the cylindrical channel 214 of expansion more of next stage by one successively with first cylindrical channel part of the relative expansion of arranging successively and one and forms.

As in Fig. 3 and 7, seeing better, make between distributor chamber 190 and passage 200,202,204 and 206 after some slits or groove 220,222,224 and 226 are also made on the surface in main body 114 176 and installed on the housing main body 88 with convenient main body 114 and can distinguish mutual UNICOM.More particularly, these slits (passage that has effect ground to form) 220,222,224 and 226 passage 200,202,204 and 206 separately pipe section 210 places and its in link with these passages respectively.

In the illustrated embodiment, each fuel- air delivery conduit 80,82,84 and 86 all is furnished with an end coupling 216, is installed in hermetically in each passage 200,202,204 and 206.When so located, all end coupling 216 can be with a retainer or clamping element 218(Fig. 2,9 and 10) be fixedly mounted in the main body 114.Clamping element 218 comprises that as shown in the figure is positioned at a middle main body 228 substantially, and this part curves a tapered profiles with internal fixation surface 230 of the taper angle about 72.0 ° substantially.Two of intermediate host part 228 relative ends are integrally formed little airfoil-shaped portions 232 and 234 of extending transversely substantially, do to have bolt or screw mesopore 236 and 238 therein.Doing on intermediate host part 228 has some openings 240,242,244 and 246, and makes these openings and arrange at an angle with respect to the straight line of connecting the hole 236 and 238 axle, and two pairs of openings vis-a-vis are quadrature substantially, as shown in Figure 9.

Also, some bolts or screwing through hole 248,250,252 and 254 are arranged on the main body 114 with reference to Fig. 3～8.In the bottom of main body 114, round the hole 248 and 250, do to have planar surface 256 and 258 respectively.When installing to main body 114 on the housing main body 88, the body of bolt or the body of screw are at first by hole 248 and 250 and be fixed.Fuel- air delivery conduit 80,82,84 and 86 and their links 216 separately can insert rightly, use retaining member 218 to clamp delivery conduit then and make it axially prop up the outer end of each link 216.The body of bolt or the body of screw pass the hole 236 and 238 and the hole 254 and 250 of main body 114 of main body retaining member 218 respectively, tighten in the helical thread portion of making in by housing main body 88 then.After assembling, illustrate roughly as Fig. 2, just air duct 174 is positioned at the position that links with air distribution chamber 190.

In detail with reference to Figure 11～13, as shown in the figure guide rod nozzle member 112(it can for example make of stainless steel) comprise that one is columniform guide rod part 260 and a disc nozzle tip part 262 that makes with guide rod integral body basically.Nozzle tip part 262 generally has two nozzle tip thickness, and promptly radially outer divides 264 thickness to reduce relatively substantially, and inner radial divides 266 thickness to increase relatively.In a preferred embodiment, nozzle tip part 264 and 266 is by an inclined-plane or a conical surface 268 and kneaded together mutually towards about the central shaft 270 inclination 45s.

In part 266, be manufactured with an annular groove 272 and make its axis basically with axis 270 conllinear and make its upper end (as shown in figure 12) opening.Fuel nozzle or passage 274,276,278 and 280 are done in the nozzle tip part 262 and are made their upper ends (as shown in figure 12) separately and fuel distribution annular groove 272 link and their lower ends 284,286,288 and 290 are separately opened on the bottom end surface 282 of nozzle tip part 262 together.

In disclosed embodiment, four such fuel nozzles 274,276,278 and 280(are arranged as shown in figure 13), they are arranged round fuel oil manifold or fuel distribution groove 272 with 90 ° of angular spacings, and each nozzle-axis all tilts 9.0 ° with respect to central shaft 270.

Shown in Fig. 2 and 12, guide rod part 260 has a cylindrical part 292 that has diameter to reduce in its bottom.Make to have a V-ring groove in nozzle tip part 266, adjacent and the radially inside and fuel oil manifold 272 of its basic and cylindrical part 292 separates.

As seeing better from Figure 11, radially the keyway of positioned opposite or opening 296 and 298 are done in the nozzle tip 262, are used for cooperating the foregoing key pin parts of assembling.

In detail with reference to Figure 14, wherein only illustrate and considered in several fuel-air delivery pipes or the conduit one, (for the sake of clarity being shown in not on due position) with dashed lines in two key connecting pins 300 draws, be pressed in the blind hole 196 of main distributor part 114, connect the cotter way 296 of nozzle tip 262, and also be pressed in the housing main body 88 and the blind hole on same straight line 302.A same or analogous key connection structure (not shown) is made up of the cotter way 298 of nozzle tip 262, blind hole 198, key connecting or the locating stud (shown in 300) in the main distributor 114 and one second blind hole that matches (as blind hole 302) of making in housing main body 88 in addition certainly.After assemble up these parts resemble in Figure 14 and 2, axle 208 and 270 can be thought and formed a single axle 303.

As typically being shown among Figure 14, they are preferably made end coupling 216(by plastic materials such as for example nylon) preferably by substantially in the form of a ring its standard-sized sheet end by the main body 304 of a radial flange portion 306 with one be substantially columniform axial stretching, extension, the relative part that reduces 308 of its diameter formed.One end 310 of tube-shaped catheter parts 312 is installed suitably and is clamped in the inside 314 of cup shaped body part 304.Runner 316 by parts of vessels 312 and the duct that is substantially taper 318 that forms in part 308 and make the outside opening end 320 in duct 318 point to the fuel nozzle (being nozzle 274 herein) that is associated and the cross-sectional flow area that makes its interior end 322 that is tapered is reduced to the transversal circulation area that equals runner 316 substantially on same center line.In a preferred embodiment, tube-shaped catheter parts 312 are made by for example " Teflon " plastic materials such as (polytetrafluoroethylenes)." Teflon " is Delaware, USA, Wilmington city (Delaware, Wilmington) Du Pont de Nemours, E.I.﹠amp; The Co.(exabyte) a trade mark, expression tetrafluoroethylene fluorocarbon polymer material.In addition, in a preferred embodiment, during manufacture, top attachment part 216 directly is cast into the end of tubular parts of vessels 312, connects this end thus simultaneously and seals up therebetween any flow.When coupling 216 was assembled on the main distributor 114 with the tubular member that links, end coupling 216 was loaded in passage or conduit position 210 and 212 tightly, and boss 306 inwardly is pressed into (see figure 7) in the hole 214 substantially by retaining member 218.Suitable O V-shaped ring 324 is placed in substantially and is pressed between the juxtaposed shoulder and passage of coupling 216 (passage is 200) herein.Also as typically being shown among Figure 14, each in fuel-air delivery pipe or the conduit (herein being 80) preferably includes an output end coupling 326, and it suitably is fastened on the engine aspirating system, as is installed on the engine charge pipeline 20.

In disclosed embodiment, admission line 20(is certain, its simplification illustrates, the structure that can comprise any hope) has that a columniform hole 328 and one extend internally, inside diminishing tapered channel 330 with the runner that extends to fuel oil output and receiving area 26,28,30 and 32 separately, this passage extends and leads to the inside of gas-entered passageway thus, herein, require apart from engine inlets or the very approaching output down of suction valve fuel oil.

As shown in the figure, typical output end coupling 326 can comprise one superposed be roughly columniform and have an extending circumferentially groove 334 first main body 332 and integral body is that make, that dangle downwards, inside diminishing, tapered main body 336 substantially.The annular groove that extends radially outwardly 338 of an annular is positioned at the wall of cylindrical hole 328.After end coupling 326 was in place as shown like that, groove 338 was arranged side by side with groove 334 basically.

In a preferred embodiment, output end coupling is made by for example plastic materials such as " Teflon ", and directly be cast into for example outlet end part 340 of tubular member 312, thereby promptly clamp flowing between the inside arranged side by side 342 that this end portion 340 seals up end 340 and coupling 326 again effectively.After coupling 326 is in place,, make O shape ring lock effectively and anchor portion coupling 326 with the relation that matches with air inlet component 20 by O shape ring is installed in groove 338 and 334.This O shape ring 344 also is used for sealing up flowing of any process thus.

Still mainly with reference to Figure 14, as shown in the figure, valve regulated parts (or valve element) 118 have an axially extended tube body 346, and its inner cylindrical surface 348 can move with respect to the guide rod part 260 that is inserted into the element 112 in it slidably.In its lower end (as shown in figure 14), valve regulated parts 118 have the outward extending flange 350 of an integral manufacturing, apical grafting an end of spring 119 on the upper surface 352 of this flange 350, its lower surface when surrounding fuel distribution passage and groove 272 effectively, can be used as the valve regulated surface when making it be supported on the surface 356 (seeing Figure 13).The other end of spring 119 can be installed on the bearing surface 358 of end member 92 formation.Approaching substantially has some through holes or passage in the wall of bottom of pipe type valve element 118, and two through holes wherein are shown in 360 and 362.These through holes are used to finish chamber 170(and are positioned at valve element 118 radial outsides) and annular space 364 between free UNICOM.Annular space 364 is between the cylindrical part 292 of the cylindrical form interior surface 348 of valve element 118 and guide rod nozzle member 112.Be clearly shown that as Figure 14 in this preferred embodiment, this annular space 364 links with annular groove 294.

In a preferred embodiment, valve element 118 also is an armature, therefore when coil 106 energization excitations, to cause that valve element 118 overcomes the elastic resistance of spring 119 and move up (seeing Fig. 1 and 14), thereby fuel distribution ring 272 is communicated with pressure controlled superatmospheric pressure fuel oil in the chamber 170 and fuel oil is measured by nozzle 274,276,278 and 280, penetrate (also referring to Figure 11) from exporting 284,286,288 and 290 respectively then.

In disclosed embodiment, the fuel flow rate of metering will depend on the relative time percentaeg in principle, promptly in any cycle time or elapsed time, valve element 118 relatively close in or be pressed on the seating plane 356 of nozzle body part 262 the percentile comparison of time that the seating plane 356 that matches was opened or left to (time) and valve element 118.

This depends on the output of 18 pairs of coils 106 of control gear, and this depends on the various parameter signals that control gear 18 is received.For example, if the signal that oxygen component detector sensor 42 is measured the fuel oil concentration in the flowing liquid oil gas of the motor of need further increasing supply and sent this situation of reaction is given control gear 18, then control gear 18 just requires the time percentaeg of opening of valve element 118 to increase conversely, thereby increases the speed of desired metering fuel flow.Therefore, we will see, provide any selected engine running and/or the parameter and/or the indication of environmental conditions, control gear 18 will respond consequent signal, make coil 106 suitable energising or outage (causing the corresponding mobile of valve element 118), thereby obtain the fuel flow rate of desired supply engine.

More particularly, suppose that coil 106 is in outage loss of excitation state, spring 119 will make valve element 118 move down along guide rod part 260, make on the lower shaft end face or cooperation seating plane 356 that valve regulated surface 354 is landed in nozzle body 262 hermetically of valve element 118, thereby prevent that fuel oil from flowing into the fuel distribution annular grooves 272 from chamber 170.

Behind coil electricity, produce magnetic flux, this magnetic flux also surrounds the valve element 118 as armature, and the resistance that overcomes spring 119 upwards draws valve element 118 along guide rod part 260, up to withstanding the retainer that is associated with it.This retainer is determined the total kilometres of armature valve element 118 or is moved total distance.Armature valve element 118 is taken a seat or this section total kilometres of the fully open position of closed position when withstanding described related retainer or to move total distance can for example be 0.05 millimeter from it.Should be clear that in standard-sized sheet stroke and full cut-off stroke, valve unit 118 is guiding on guide rod part 260 all.

During engine running, (comprise engine start), air pressurized is transported in the duct 174 by air source 14.So the air of supplying with is imported into substantially in the air distribution chamber 190 of passage 200,202,204 and 206.The passage 220,222,224 and 226 that the centre joins is used for forced air is sent to each passage 200,202,204 and 206 from air distribution chamber 190, and passes air into thus in the opening that is substantially taper 318 of end coupling 216.Simultaneously, valve element 118 periodically opens and closes apace.During opening, the pressure fuel oil in the chamber 170 measures through each nozzle 274,276,278 and 280 with continuous fuel oil.Ji Liang fuel oil is along penetrating from each outlet or delivery outlet 284,286,288 and 290 with the route and the direction of each coaxial line of nozzle 274,276,278 and 280 respectively ideally thus.And in the ideal case, each nozzle 274,276,278 and 280 axle also be with passage 200,202,204 and 206 in each coaxial line of end coupling 318.

Can see (especially with reference to Figure 14), forced air of Gong Geiing and the metering fuel oil that penetrates from measuring jet or passage (being illustrated by 274 typical cases) all flow into the taper chamber 318 along same direction like this.Chamber 318 plays a part one effectively and collects and/or mixing chamber, promptly flow into the metering fuel oil in the chamber 318 and air is effectively collected by chamber 318 and when this fuel oil that mixes and air stream along the chamber inner wall axial flow during to passage 316, fuel oil and air mix on certain degree mutually.This fuel-air stream that mixes can think fuel oil and air draught and as along and pass transfer passage 316 with fuel delivery to the emulsion between that main vectorial air of finally injecting motor receiving area 366.

In a preferred embodiment, the air working pressure of air supply dispensing device can be for example at 15-40 pound/inch (gauge pressure) (under standard conditions), and the size of the adjustable pressure of the fuel oil in chamber 170 can be to install between 14 pressure of supplying with that air had to increase by about 1 atmospheric difference.The cross-sectional diameter of each transfer passage 316 can be approximately the 0.80-1.50 millimeter.In the embodiment of the success that the present invention tested, the cross-sectional diameter of transfer passage 316 is approximately 0.85 millimeter, and the cross-sectional diameter of each fuel nozzle (one of them is 274) is approximately 0.50 millimeter.

Because the air pressure value that device 14 is supplied with is higher relatively, therefore the flowing velocity by transfer passage 316 is very high all the time, this causes from passage the conveying of fuel-air emulsion being left not to the utmost, and it is mobile to make the fuel-air emulsion produce two phase flow at least, and this will make this fuel-air emulsion produce continuously mixed function mutually in flowing to and inject receiving area 366 processes.As this flow at high speed, the stream phase change of fuel-air emulsion and the result who constantly mixes, may diminish to the 10-30 micron the fuel-air emulsion being injected in-engine average fuel droplet size, thereby significantly reduce the effulent of motor under dilute concentration (referring to fuel oil) mixed gas operating mode.

In addition, in a preferred embodiment, keep the desired air quantity of the race of engine by the air volume flow rate ratio of air feeder 14 supply delivery pipes or conduit 80,82,84 and 86 and want one of young waiter in a wineshop or an inn's molecule to 1/3rd.Just be used for fuel delivery conveying, emulsified fuel and make the division of fuel oil oil droplet in the process of the motor receiving area of appointment by device 14 air that provide to reduce its size.Also guarantee the desired air balance problem of any engine operating condition with regard to both keeping the race of engine, can be solved by the throttle valve device that can open or close arbitrarily (being shown 24 simply in Fig. 1), this throttle valve device is being controlled the air mass flow that enters in the engine intake duct 20.

Still mainly with reference to Figure 14, can see, pressurization fuel oil not only is full of annular cavity 364 in an illustrated embodiment, and is full of the annular groove 364 that directly links with chamber 364 even also is this situation when armature valve element 118 is in its closed position of taking a seat and promptly is bearing on the associated seating plane 356).Like this, when metering valve element 118 moved to the position that one opens, fuel oil just can flow to fuel distribution annular groove or passage 272 from two radial direction.More particularly, (see Fig. 2 and 14) when armature metering valve element 118 is moved upwards up to an open position, the pressurization fuel oil in the groove 294 promptly flows in the annular groove 272 between the surface 356 of the surface 354 of metering valve element 118 arranged side by side and nozzle tip 262 radially outwardly; Simultaneously, being arranged in for example surperficial 268(Figure 12 substantially) fuel oil of the chamber 170 of radial outside promptly radially inwardly flows into same annular groove 272 between surface arranged side by side 354 and 356.Like this, at every turn when valve element 118 when move a position of opening, guarantee that all whole fuel distribution groove 272 can be full of and bear the effect of chamber 170 fuel pressures by fuel oil.

Should be understood that Figure 14 just is used for disclosing and illustrates (together with other parts) typical structure by the 80 fuel delivery conduits of pointing out separately.In embodiment shown in Figure 1 (Figure 14 is the partial sectional view that one amplifies), four delivery conduits 80,82,84 and 86 link with the fuel oil spaced apart from each other receiving area of motor 12 respectively.Remaining delivery conduit 82,84 can be identical with 86 with delivery conduit 80 and link with nozzle 276,278 and 280 respectively and respectively through passage 222,224 and 226 and air distribution chamber 190 link.The just generation of the fuel-air emulsion of describing about delivery conduit 80, the multiphase flow situation of fuel-air emulsion, the continuous mixing of fuel-air emulsion and the explanation that is ejected into the aspects such as fuel oil droplet size in the motor can be advantageously applied to the explanation to remaining delivery conduit 82,84 and 86 equally.In addition, can see the present invention also can be applied to require for example five, six, eight or any number such other motor that is used for the delivery conduit that fuel delivery goes to each engine chamber significantly.

Be noted that also to have been found that in the embodiment of this invention, then can obtain optimum efficiency if the delivery conduit of all fuel-air emulsions has substantially the same effective length and is complementary with existence conditions as much as possible.

Should clearly see now, the invention provides a kind of single fuel metering valve element, it can measure several fuel oil spaced apart from each other receiving areas that are transported to motor or the fuel oil of receive path effectively, and show by test, the variance ratio of the fuel delivery amount between any two delivery conduits is less than 2%, and compare with the common multi-point fuel injection system of prior art, it is that identical torque and displaying improved fuel economy at least that the motor that is equipped with fuel metering of the present invention and supply system sends, automobile starting performance and total ride quality, the engine exhaust emission thing that has reduced and dilute concentration (fuel oil) the burning operating range that has increased greatly.

In addition, in a preferred embodiment of the invention, the on-hand quantity of the forced air of air supply distributor 190, thereby also provide air pressure to each passage 200,202 204 and 206, link with the chamber 124 of fuel pressure adjusting apparatus, thereby make the pressure difference on diaphragm 128 both sides equal nozzle or measure the pressure difference that exports between 274,276,278 and 280 two ends.Like this, no matter how the air pressure value of air supply dispensed chambers 190 changes, and fuel metering pressure reduction will remain unchanged substantially.Though the UNICOM of air pressure and pressure regulator chamber 124 can realize by any suitable manner (for example adopt substantially in housing main body 88 and the case 126 inner ducts that form, these ducts actual can with the output terminal UNICOM in duct 174.) but described this UNICOM (especially for the sake of clarity) be positioned at outside conduit 368 substantially by one to finish.One end of this conduit 368 is through passage 370 and chamber 124 UNICOMs, and the other end is through duct or passage 372 and air distribution chamber 190 UNICOMs.

Figure 15 is a view similar a bit to Figure 14, and it represents an alternative embodiment of the invention.Usually, in Figure 15 all with front elevation in same or analogous element all use identical label to represent, and described another embodiment's structure only is shown so that the difference between the embodiment of embodiment and Figure 15 before being necessary to point out.Inconsistent other element of among Fig. 1-14 all and the embodiment of Figure 15 can think to have constituted whole fuel metering and the distribution system of Figure 15.

In the embodiment of Figure 15, compare with the structure of Fig. 2 and Figure 14, main difference is that the forced air that infeeds is transported to some place of certain between four delivery conduits (wherein two are shown 80 and 84) substantially, rather than is transported to air distribution chamber 190 radially outer a certain zones resembling among Fig. 2,3 and 14.That is in the embodiment of Figure 15, duct 174 can be removed, and air delivery conduit 78 links with the duct or the passage 374 that are located substantially on the centre.Passage 374 extends to be arranged in the neutral position substantially and to have substantially and can be the air distribution chamber 376 (as shown in the figure) in evening of cylindrical structural.In the present embodiment, as the forced air of fed sheet of a media enter in the chamber 376 from the middle part of chamber 376 (from fuel metering outlet or nozzle 274,276,278 and 280 to each flow axes of the mixing chamber 318 of the aligning of delivery conduit 80,82,84 and 86), flow into the 318-318 of each mixing chamber with the form that is roughly fountain then.And when it was mobile towards these mixing chamber, its flow direction was basically on the same direction by nozzle 274,276,278 and 280 fuel flow of measuring.

Can provide one and on function, be equivalent to pipeline 368 and passage 372(Fig. 2) the pipeline (not shown), press the described purpose of Fig. 2, be used for directly UNICOM's air distribution chamber 376 or conduit 78(or duct 374) and pressure regulator chamber 124.A middle panel-like member 378 that can be disc-shaped structure substantially can be arranged between main distributor 114 and the guide rod jet element 112 substantially.If be provided with this panel-like member 378, then be shaped on several through holes (wherein two are shown 380 and 382) therein so that flow into the 318-318 of mixing chamber of aligning by air distribution chamber 376 from the metering fuel oil of each measuring jet.

Figure 16 is and Figure 14 and 15 some similar view that it shows an alternative embodiment of the invention.Usually, in Figure 16 all with before view in same or analogous element all use identical label to represent, and described another embodiment's structure only is shown, so that be necessary to point out the difference between the embodiment of each embodiment of front and Figure 16.In Fig. 1～15 and inconsistent all other elements of embodiment Figure 16 can think to have constituted whole fuel metering and the distribution system of Figure 16.

Different with the embodiment of Figure 14, but it is similar to the embodiment of Figure 15, in the embodiment of Figure 16, the forced air that infeeds is transported to some place of certain between four delivery conduits (wherein two are shown 80 and 84) substantially, rather than is transported to air distribution chamber 190 radially outer a certain zones resembling among Fig. 2,3 and 14.Show promptly, in the embodiment of Figure 16, duct 174(Fig. 2) can remove, air delivery conduit 78 links with the duct or the passage 388 that are located substantially on the centre, and passage 388 links with the chamber portion 390 that is positioned at the centre.Whole duct formula chamber portion (wherein three are shown 392,394 and 396) to be outwards arranging radially from axle 303, in order to finish chamber portion 390 and delivery conduit 80,82,84 and 86(respectively wherein two 80 and 84 only is shown) the 318-318 of mixing chamber that aims between UNICOM.These chamber portions 390 and tubular chamber portion 392,394,396(and do not go out but that tubular chamber portion of linking with delivery conduit 86) determined on function the forced air dispensing device with previous embodiment's equivalence effectively.

In the structure of Figure 16, preferably make fuel metering nozzle-type passage 274,276,278 wherein only illustrate 274 and 278 with 280() axis 303 be parallel with axle, rather than before resembling among the embodiment for inclination.Some passages (3 passages that show wherein are 398,400 and 402) are arranged among main distributor or the shell 114b, and they are respectively the extensions aimed at of nozzle segment 274,276,278 and 280 and link with the dendritic part of air distribution chamber respectively.These passages 398,400 and 402 and the two ends of each self aligned part 274,276,278 and 280 have the fuel metering pressure difference, make the channel part of every pair of aligning become a fuel metering oil spout or passage thus effectively.

Compare with each embodiment of front, can see, in the structure of Figure 16, forced air at first flows into air distribution chamber part 390, makes its radially outward from here and down (see Figure 16) by air distribution chamber part 392,394,396(and that not shown but face 394 chamber portion) flow among the 318-318 of each mixing chamber of delivery conduit 80,82,84 and 86.When forced air flowed like this, it then impacted the metering fuel oil that penetrates from each fuel metering nozzle, to be approximately tangential mode this fuel oil is swept the 318-318 of each mixing chamber.

Certainly adopt suitable retaining member 386 each delivery conduit (as 80 and 84) is fixed with the relation that dispenser housing or main body 114b are equipped with mutually.

In the structure of Figure 16, can provide one and on function, be equivalent to pipeline 368 and passage 372(Fig. 2) the pipeline (not shown), according to the described purpose of Fig. 2, be used for linking, and link with pressure regulator chamber 124 at for example air distribution chamber part 390 places and air distribution chamber.

Figure 17 be to Figure 14,15 with 16 some similar view, it shows another embodiment of the present invention.Usually, in Figure 17, all with former view in same or analogous element all use identical label to represent, and the embodiment's of Figure 17 structure only is shown, so that be necessary to point out the difference between each embodiment of front and Figure 17 embodiment.Can think to have constituted whole fuel metering and the distribution system of Figure 17 in Fig. 1～16 with inconsistent all other elements of the embodiment of Figure 17.

Different with the embodiment of Figure 14, but it is similar with 16 embodiment to Figure 15, in the embodiment of Figure 17, the forced air that infeeds is transported to a certain zone between four delivery conduits (wherein two are shown 80 and 84) substantially, rather than is transported to air distribution chamber 190 radially outer a certain zones resembling among Fig. 2,3 and 14.That is, in the embodiment of Figure 17, duct 174(Fig. 2) can remove, and similar to the embodiment of Figure 15, air delivery conduit 78 links with the duct or the passage 374 that are located substantially on the centre.Passage 374 extends to be arranged in the neutral position substantially and to have substantially and can be the air distribution chamber 376 (as shown in the figure) of cylindrical structural.

In distributor body 114c, be provided with some duct formula chambers (wherein two are shown 404 and 406), be used for air distribution chamber 376 and each delivery conduit (wherein two are shown 80 and 84) are coupled to each other.

In the embodiment of Figure 17, each end coupling 216-216 of shown delivery conduit (illustrating two is 80 and 84) compares different with each embodiment's of front end coupling.That is, not resembling each end coupling (Figure 14～16) that has mixing chamber 318 in the past, doing in the end coupling 216 of Figure 17 has a passage 408, and the transversal circulation area of this passage 408 and structure can be done consistently with passage 316.In addition, some center-aisles or duct (wherein two are shown in 410 and 412) are arranged among main body or the housing 114c, these ducts preferably have basically transversal circulation area and the structure identical with passage 408.As shown in the figure, described middle duct is used to finish the UNICOM between each duct formula chamber (as 404 and 406) and each delivery conduit (as 80 and 84).In this structure, the axis of nozzle or measurement channel 274, axis, middle duct 410 and the passage of duct formula chamber 404 or the axis in duct 408 are included in the single plane, this plane also comprises axis 303 simultaneously.Same relation can be applied to delivery conduit 84 278,406,412 and 408 on, and be applied on the relevant duct formula chamber and middle duct of all other delivery conduits.

In addition, as shown in the figure, in the structure of Figure 17, all duct formula chambers (404,406) are arranged to extend (seeing Figure 17) downwards from air distribution chamber 376, leave axle 303 simultaneously obliquely gradually.Middle duct (410,412) also with axle 303 at angle, but bigger than the angle of inclination of chamber 404,406.

In when work, the forced air in the air distribution chamber 376 flows into each duct formula chamber 404,406(, and remaining is not shown), air here mixes mutually with the metering fuel oil that penetrates from nozzle or measurement channel 274,278.In other words, the mixed function that the mixing chamber 318 in Figure 14～16 is carried out is to be finished by the duct formula chamber 404,406 among the housing 114c in the embodiment of Figure 17.

Certainly adopt suitable retaining member each delivery conduit (as 80 and 84) is fixed with the relation that distributor body or main body 114c are equipped with mutually.

Figure 18 shows the part of an element in the element shown in the embodiment in front with the view that amplifies more, and its structure has been done modification.More specifically, in Figure 18, what illustrate is the head or the nozzle-end 262 of guide rod jet element 112.Around it can be to have made incline a surface chamfer or a downward inclined surface 416 on the whole radial outside abutment surface 356 originally.The angle on this surface 416 needn't be very big, from horizontal position shown in Figure 180 418 downwards and radially outward to a certain position, this angle can be approximately 1.0 °, the angle with axle 270 is 89.0 ° in other words.Surface 416 actually to the greatest extent can be near the radial outside part of the position of annular fuel distribution groove or chamber 272 and seating plane 356 meet mutually, do not go but can not cut in the groove 272, make the radial outside place that nestles up annular fuel oil chamber 272 form a very narrow annular ledge face 356.This structural modification strengthened the fuel flow of radial outside zone in annular groove 272 from annular groove 272, and strengthened supporting and sealing between the face of taking a seat 354 of remaining extremely narrow annular bearing surface 356 and juxtaposed valve.

Said this remodeling can be applied to disclosed any embodiment among Fig. 2,14,15,16 and 17 among Figure 18.

Figure 19 shows the local zoomed-in view relatively of the element of some shown in the embodiment in front, and the structure of element changes.More particularly, figure 19 illustrates tubular valve element 118 of being substantially of remodeling and guide rod jet element 112.On the head 262 of the parts 112 that illustrate, the seating plane 356-356 of the part of its change for making at its radially inner side and radial outside, this seating plane stretches to the radial outside of axle 303, and (seeing Figure 19) gradually is inclined upwardly.This inclination seating plane part can be thought taper, and its angle needn't be very big, sees from horizontal position to be approximately 1.0 °, shown in 420.This angle is equal to 89.0 ° the angle of being about with respect to axle 303.The remodeling part of valve element 118 is to do the radial flange 422 of its lower end extremely thin, make its can from shown in normal position deviation (seeing Figure 19) flexibly upwards.Described normal position is that valve element 118 is positioned at the open position shown in it.Spring 119 does not resemble and directly withstands on the flange the embodiment among Fig. 2,14,15,16 and 17, but withstands on the annular spring bearing element 424.This annular spring bearing element 424 be enclosed within on the axially extended barrel portion of valve element 118 and axially mounting on an annular convex shoulder 426 that matches that is bearing on the element 118.

In the remodeling of Figure 19, when making valve element 118 return it, spring 119 closes or seated position, when withstanding seating plane 356-356, the surface 428 of taking a seat of flange 422 at first contacts the highest part of seating plane 356-356 and along with valve element 118 continues to move down and produces elastic bending.This elastic bending and moving down is proceeded, and is bearing in hermetically up to valve element 118 on the annular portion of the radially inner side of supporting surface 356-356 and radial outside.This elastic bending characteristic of flange 422 can make its surface of taking a seat match with seating plane 356-356 better.

The disclosed remodeling of Figure 19 can be applied to disclosed any embodiment among Fig. 2,14,15,16 and 17.

Figure 20 and 21 shows another remodeling.Figure 20 is the view similar to Figure 13, but a kind of modified structure of the structure of expression Figure 13.Usually, the imagination that is modified as among Figure 20 disposes nozzle or the fuel metering passage that several are used for the fuel oil of metering is imported each delivery conduit 80,82,84 and 86.The structure that compares Figure 13 and Figure 20, in general, measuring jet among Figure 20 or outlet 274a and 274b can replace the single-nozzle 274 among Figure 13; And 276a among Figure 120 and 276b replace 276 among Figure 13; 278a among Figure 20 and 278b replace 278 among Figure 13; And the 280a among Figure 21 and 280b can replace the single nozzle 280 among Figure 13.

In detail with reference to Figure 20 and 21 and with the fuel metering nozzle to or passage to 274a and 274b as the right typical case's representative of other fuel metering nozzle, postulated point 430 is the projections that a bit are parallel to axle 270 on mixing chamber's 318 axis of the end coupling 216 that links with delivery conduit 80.The point 430 of correspondence as shown in the figure in Figure 21.Two Figure 20 that combine and 21, measuring jet 274a and 274b entrance point and put 430 relative radius position (with respect to axle 270) and show that all passage 200 preferably tilts with respect to axle 270 in the mode shown in Figure 14, promptly it has identical inclination with end coupling 216.But easy and clear in order to draw, passage 200 and end coupling 216 all are drawn as vertically upward and extend.

Illustrate better as Figure 21, can see, measuring jet is provided with to such an extent that can make by the fuel oil of its metering and penetrate and meet at point 430 places of being supposed ideally along separately axis 432 and 434 to 274a and 274b.The forced air that is provided by the device among Fig. 1 14 also can adopt disclosed any device naturally and consult the explanation of this paper and clearly other device of will becoming is introduced into the inlet of mixing chamber 318.

In by Figure 20 and 21 contemplated preferred variant structures, measuring jet tilts with respect to axle 270 to the axis of 274a and 274b.That is each is all pointed out with mode radially outward shown in Figure 14 substantially for they, simultaneously substantially mutually to referring to (as shown in figure 21).

In the preferred embodiment of the remodeling in Figure 20 and 21, each entry end of measuring jet 274a, 274b, 276a, 276b, 278a, 278b, 280a and 280b substantially within fuel oil manifold or groove 272 around 270 obliquely and arranged apart equidistantly.So just guaranteed when fuel oil when entry end flows into fuel oil groove 272, each entry end has the passage of equal length.In addition, set several measuring jets, with the fuel distribution and the fuel flow that adopt the single metering nozzle to compare then more to help in the fuel oil groove by giving each delivery conduit.As shown in figure 13, when adopting the single metering nozzle, the distance nature between the two adjacent measuring jets can be bigger.

Correspondingly, a plurality of fuel metering nozzles are set or outlet can be applied to any embodiment among Fig. 2,14,15,16 and 17.

Figure 22 illustrates another embodiment of the present invention.As in the previous, similar or components identical or parts (at least on major part) are represented with identical label.Only disclose the structure of Figure 22, its structure or working condition are had a thorough understanding so that be necessary.Not corresponding to element can think to have constituted the part of this structure in the structure of in any previous drawings (comprising Fig. 1) other and Figure 22.

Now in detail with reference to Figure 22, shown fuel metering and distribution system 10f comprise that one is substantially tubular cup shaped body or housing 438.This main body 438 is suitably opened (not shown) as shown in figure 22 in the top, so that some parts or the element that is positioned at it at least as shown in the figure to be installed at described opening end.

Usually illustrate as figure, housing 438 preferably has an axially extended cylindrical form interior surface 440, and this internal surface 440 can end at an annular flange flange and form convex shoulder shape surface 442, and surface 442 then extends radially inwardly from cylindrical form interior surface 440.

The outer surface 444 of housing 438 also is columniform substantially, together with other parts, also has annular flange portion 446 and 448 above it, and both match and form a circular groove and be used for holding effectively an O V-shaped ring 450.

Some are arranged substantially at through hole of radially being separated by at a certain angle or passage in housing 438, wherein two are shown 452 and 454.These through holes are used to finish the UNICOM between circular groove 456 and housing 438 inside 458.Circular groove 456 can be surrounded by the internal surface 462 of the outside of annular flange portion 460, flange portion 446, main body 438 and the supporting structure 464 that is associated substantially.

The upper end of housing 438 preferably is provided with radial annular flange portion 466 and 468, and both match and form a circular groove betwixt to hold an O V-shaped ring 470.Housing 438 can extend upward and stretch at least in part in the insulated end cover 472 effectively.This insulated end cover 472 comprises a disc type device or part 474 and a cylinder-shaped extension part 476 that upwards refers to.Suitable retaining member 478 joins with end 474, so as by with flange 448 axially mountings on the annular convex shoulder part 480 that matches of supporting mass 464, be installed on the supporting mass 464 with making apparatus system 10f assembling.

As shown in the figure, a bobbin 482 comprises that places a middle barrel portion 484, this part has two axial alternate and end walls 486 and 488 of extending radially, a part 490 that cardinal principle is protruding upward is arranged in addition, and this part 490 is together with being connected with 494 with each end 492 of 70 with electric connection 68 on the other parts structure.Field coil 106 is wrapped on the tubular type part 484 and substantially axially between end wall 486 and 488.The lead two ends that constitute field coil 106 electrically connect with two ends 492 and 494 of electric connection 68 and 70 respectively.In a preferred embodiment, the part 496 of whole sole shape in addition, also the upper surface of circular orientation part 498 by end wall 488 supportings of bobbin 482 and preferably around the alternate at a certain angle layout of axle of barrel portion 484 as the supporting member axially mounting.

Being fitted in ring part 500 on the internal surface 440 of housing 438 is used to make locating piece 490 to be fixed on to give fixed position.As shown in the figure, locating piece 498 is used to install the valve element 502 that is located substantially within the locating piece 498 so that its be located at valve element 502 and the seating plane 504 that matches between can obtain the position of the best characteristic of taking a seat.

Be substantially in the barrel portion 484 that tubular utmost point element 506 extend into bobbin 482 downwards, and utmost point element 506 preferably has the cascade end face of an annular, when ball valve element is bearing on the surface 504, this cascade end face with shown in the planar surface 508 of ball valve element 502 can be mutually across a certain distance.Similar to this moment, when ball valve element 502 is in its open position (as usually as describe), this cascade end face also with planar surface 508 spacing of being separated by, but this spacing is less.Utmost point element 506 can be loaded on the parts that are included in basically in the part that Figure 22 vertically draws with threaded connection mode, and the position to axial of utmost point element 506 can be regulated, for example, and to determine desired spacing between surface 508 and the utmost point element end face.

Tubular guiding stop pin 510 of preferably making by non-magnetic stainless steel be contained in fuse or the utmost point element 506 slidably and usually downwards elasticity withstand valve 502(and see Figure 22), described valve element is firmly contacted together with related seating plane 504.

Spring (not shown) in element 506 endoporus axially is contained between the end of guide finger 510 and spring adjusting screw 512 on the top.Spring adjusting screw 512 seals in case the leakage of locating here (this is that the present technique field is known) rightly with utmost point element 506 scyewed joint and by the O V-shaped ring.Nature is by known to the present technique, and the purpose of this spring adjusting screw is to obtain desired spring to give the power of putting on guiding stop pin 510.

As shown in the figure, main distributor or housing 114f are loaded on the columniform upper end part 514 that is substantially in the reentrant cylindrical cavity 516 that matches with comprising a sealing, and cavity 516 is by suspended portion 518 inner formation of housing 438.In upper end part 514, there is a groove to be used for the O V-shaped ring 520 that one of clamping prevents that liquid from flowing through from here.Housing 114f can utilize circle round end or other shaping end (usually being represented by label 522) by suspended portion 518 to be installed on the housing 438.Like this, make the upper end of part 514 (see that Figure 22 is supported on the surface 524 of the annular flange portion that extends internally 526 of housing 438.

The relatively low end portion 528 of housing or main body 114f as shown in the figure, is that cylindrical structural and its diameter are bigger relatively than upper end part 514.As shown in the figure, upper end part 528 is contained in hermetically by in the supporting mass 464 inner formed cylindrical cavities 530 that match that link.A groove that is provided with in end portion 528 is used to install an O V-shaped ring 532 that prevents that liquid from flowing through from here.

As shown in the figure, form an annular cavity 534 at main distributor 114f and cylindrical cavity 530 periphery of inner wall substantially.Passage 536 in supporting mass 464 links with chamber 534 and suitably loads onto the conduit 78 that joins with air feeder or air pump 14.Also be that a second channel 538 in supporting mass 464 also links with chamber 534 and suitably loads onto conduit 368.Conduit 368 links to each other with pressure regulator 120 by the mode that Fig. 2 described, so that the pressure difference at measuring jet or passage (wherein two are shown 274 and 278) two ends keeps constant basically.In relevant supporting mass 464, also duct 540 and 542 can be set, this two duct through the duct or channel part 452 and 454 all link with annular space 456.Passage 540 links through conduit 74 and fuel oil supplypump 72 again, and passage 542 links through conduit 76 and pressure regulator 120.

In embodiment's shown in Figure 22 structure, valve element 502 is preferably manufactured by the chromium steel that meets size requirement fully that sale is arranged on the common market.In addition, should see significantly that valve element 502 also plays a part armature in whole measuring apparatus 10, when coil 106 energisings, part is moved to its fully open position for the ball valve element 502 on plane, illustrates roughly as Figure 22.

When the device of assembling Figure 22, when valve element 502 support on the seating plane 504 that (closing) matching fully, guiding element 498 place it around so that valve element 502 is included in slidably and passes guiding element 498 and in the passage 546 of formation.Between guide channel 546 and the ball valve element 502 gap that is approximately 0.0005 inch can be arranged, thus,, then help valve element 502 correctly to take a seat widely whenever valve element 502 is directed to stop pin 510 when moving on to its shutoff device.After this relation reaches, can guiding element 498 friction lock be stayed on its position with the carrier ring 500 that a friction connects.Carrier ring 500 is pressed in the chamber 440 and withstands in the axial direction on the cascade annular convex shoulder or flange of locating piece or guiding element 498.In order to make the superatmospheric pressure fuel flow that enters substantially in the chamber that upper end and seating plane 504 by flange portion 526, main body or housing parts 114f surrounded unrestricted substantially, in locating piece or guiding element 498, also be provided with several passages (or through hole) 548.

In addition, in the preferred embodiment structure in Figure 22, fuel oil chamber 544 is made in the upper end of main distributor 114f with the form of counterbore or groove, and makes after valve element 502 is taken a seat, and fuel oil chamber 544 does not link with the fuel oil upstream of the valve element 502 of closing.Fuel metering nozzle or passage 274,276,278 and 280(wherein only illustrate 274,278) lay respectively between the channel part 210-210 of aligning of fuel oil chamber 544 and each passage 200,202,204 and 206 and link with them respectively.Passage 200,202,204 with 206 with for example identical according to Fig. 1～14 explanations of being done.(nozzle that illustrates or measurement channel 274 and 278 and their air feeders separately and typical case's representative of the conveyance conduit this parts that can be used as the arbitrary number that hope uses on any concrete oil-fired system).

Usually, the superatmospheric pressure fuel oil of being supplied with by pump 72 flows into annular cavity 456, enters inner chamber 458 by radial passage 452,454 again, enters chamber 525 by the space between several sole shape parts 496 and the passage 548-548 of guiding element 498 more from here.(to the adjusting of the fuel pressure size of supplying with inner chamber certainly by realizing with reference to Fig. 2 and 14 described modes.) when armature valve 502 moves up, when leaving it and matching seating plane 504, fuel oil just between valve of opening 502 and seating plane 504 by and flow into fuel oil chamber or fuel distribution chamber 544.The pressure fuel oil that so infeeds in the fuel oil chamber 544 measures by fuel metering nozzle or passage 274 and 278 then, and flows into and by channel part 210.So the flow direction of the fuel oil of metering is preferably on the direction of mixing chamber's 318 axis alignments.

Simultaneously, the superatmospheric pressure air of being supplied with by pump 14 flows into air distribution chamber or annular cavity 534 from conduit 78, and air flows into the channel part 210-210 of each passage 200 and 204 through passage 220 and 224 from here.Certainly, the entering angle of these air inlet passage parts 210-210 can change, so that it almost points to the 318-318 of mixing chamber.Come what may, metering fuel oil and air produce mixed function and with the form of fuel-air emulsion, by reference example such as Fig. 2 and 14 described modes, pass through each delivery conduit 80,84 and flow in the motor in the 318-318 of each mixing chamber.

When the coil 106 of periodically energising is de-energized, the spring that is associated (not shown but in the present technique utilization be known and on function with spring 119 equivalences) make guiding element 510 and ball valve element 502 turn back to it to head on closing of valve seat 504 or seated position (or state), periodically cut off metering fuel flow thus by fuel metering nozzle or passage 274 and 278.

Figure 13 shows another embodiment of the present invention partly.Usually, as previously mentioned, similar or components identical or parts (at least on major part) are all represented with identical label.The structure of Figure 23 only is shown, this structure and its working condition is had a thorough understanding so that be necessary.Not corresponding to element can think to constitute the part of this device in the device of (comprising Fig. 1) and Figure 23 in any previous accompanying drawing.

At least in some aspects, the embodiment of Figure 23 is a kind of remodeling of the embodiment of Figure 22, and the embodiment who for example resembles Figure 15 can think a kind of remodeling of the embodiment of Figure 14.

With reference to Figure 23, a flange portion that radially inwardly stretches out 550 that is positioned at the lower end has two surfaces 552 and 554 of upper and lower settings, and is positioned at middle helical thread portion 556 substantially in detail.

The main distributor or the housing 114g that are positioned at the lower end substantially can comprise a upper end part of axially stretching substantially.This part has a male thread portion 558, can carry out scyewed joint with helical thread portion 556.One be substantially on columniform opening or the passage 560(function be equal to 546 among Figure 22) be positioned at the upper end of distributor body 114g, as guiding element or the locating piece of (as 546 among Figure 22) ball valve 502 in it moves towards valve support face 504.

As shown in the figure, main body 438 comprises cylindrical second atrium 564 that is roughly the relative expansion with diameter of columniform first atrium 562.Main distributor 114g is provided with one first cylindrical outer surface 566 and second cylindrical outer surface 568 with about similar structure.Illustrate roughly as figure, first cylindrical outer surface 566 quite loose ground is contained in the cylinder open chamber 562, and second cylindrical outer surface 568 inserts tightly and is contained in the cylinder open chamber 564.Be used to hold the O shape sealing 570 that prevent liquid from from here flowing through with 564 cylindrical form interior surface with the relative annular convex shoulder that cylindrical outer surface 566 and 568 causes by atrium 562.

When assembling, main body 114g can make screw thread rotation by screw thread 556,558, so that reach the desirable stroke of armature valve element 502.In this screw thread rotation process, the cylindrical table 564 that matches and 568 axially inserts among the housing 114g.When reaching desirable stroke, preferably in the weldering of 574 places of main body 114g main body 114g is pinned overhang 572, prevent relative rotation.After such assembling,, and be used to provide internally space 458 to the unrestriced fuel flow between the chamber 576 by several passages 578-578 that flange 550 forms at formation-annular cavity 576 below the flange portion 550 and then substantially.Second group of several passages 580-580 is used to provide from annular cavity 576 substantially to the inside of guide channel 560, and when valve 502 is opened, to the unrestriced fuel flow between the fuel oil chamber 544.

As shown in the figure, armature ball valve 502 can be provided with an endoporus 582 that radially extends that contains closed end, and its closed end is positioned at a certain position of (land portions) radius of curvature one side, and relative with opening one side of endoporus 582.One end of check spring 584 and a ball-shaped end thrust piece 586 that joins with endoporus 582 closed ends link (seeing figure), and the end of the spring preset force element 588 of the relative the other end of spring 584 and a position-adjustable joins.An O V-shaped ring 590 that prevents flow of fluid is preferably arranged in the element 588.

As shown in the figure, an endoporus or passage 592 are arranged among the housing 114g, it (only illustrates 200,204 two) between passage 200,202,204 and 206, and the segment distance that extends internally make it be enough to break through each channel part 210-210 and with they UNICOMs.This endoporus or passage 592 can be thought the air distribution chamber, because it is used for only illustrating 80 and 84 to each channel part 210-210 and each delivery conduit 80,82,84 and 86() air of superatmospheric pressure is provided.

As among preceding each embodiment, when coil 106 when periodically energising and armature valve element 502 are periodically opened thus, the superatmospheric pressure fuel oil of supplying with through conduit 74 flows into fuel oil chamber 544 from annular cavity 576, passage 580-580, and fuel oil measures by measuring jet or passage 274 and 278 from here.The fuel oil input of metering is also passed through channel part 210-210, flows to the 318-318 of each mixing chamber of delivery conduit 80 and 84.Simultaneously, the superatmospheric pressure air of supplying with through conduit 78 flows and flows into the 318-318 of each mixing chamber of delivery conduit 80 and 84 from air distribution chamber 592 each channel part 210-210.When air and fuel oil flow to the 318-318 into mixing chamber, its total flow direction is on an axial direction.Fuel oil and air mutual mix and consequent fuel-air emulsion with and each delivery conduit of passage (as 80,82,84 and 86) flow and description to each embodiment of front is corresponding to.

Preferably provide on the function and be equivalent to conduit 368(Fig. 2 or 22) the conduit (not shown) so that with the same way as described in Fig. 2 (or Figure 22) or purpose for example air distribution chamber 592 or conduit 78 and pressure regulator 120(Fig. 2 or 22) link.

Figure 24 is about and schematically shows heat exchanger 594 and tracheal portion 78 and 596.The purpose of Figure 24 is explanation, and the air of equally also imagining the superatmospheric pressure that conduit 78 can be supplied with heated before it introduces air distribution chamber.If the air of heating like this is provided, then make the fuel oil elaioleucite in the fuel-air emulsion, further disperse to become possibility.

Pipeline 596 is used for usually representing any suitable thermal source, and this thermal source for example can be cooling liquid (coolant) system or the engine exhaust system of motor.But should obviously see, also can be by the Electric heating appliance heat supply.

In addition, even be not basic, but, preferably use suitable insulator to prevent of the transmission of possible unnecessary heat to measuring jet when the air (as Figure 24 is contemplated) that infeeds heating.This thermal insulator for example can be insulation type, heat absorbing type or the parts of the low-temperature receiver that can rapidly heat transferred be linked.

Figure 15 and 17 shows a panel-like member 378, selects present technique suitable material as known in the art to make, and can use it for and prevent the transmission of superfluous heat to nozzle body 262.

Clearly, the invention provides a kind of fuel metering and distribution system, one of them is single (for example by load cycle work), and the valve element can measure the fuel oil that enters respectively several engine cylinders by some with the identical fuel oil delivery conduit that the inlet channel that is positioned at engine cylinder air intake duct place links effectively simultaneously.

Should see significantly that also in most preferred embodiment of the present invention, the valve element is the load cycle type, it can have a duty cycle range and for example be 50～200(or even higher each second) inferior Circulation. Even the mobile certain corresponding periodicity of the fuel oil that is measured stops and starting, but its basic effect is to set up the continuous-flow that in fact can think, and should mobile have the energising of the coil of being controlled by control device 18 and the speed of the variation that outage determines.

Certainly, the present invention can adopt its size adjustment to the fuel pressure that is essentially constant supply, and the superatmospheric pressure air also can feed under substantial constant pressure, so just causes the fuel metering pressure differential of substantial constant. But doing like this to increase extra-pay because requiring two cover pressure-regulating devices and caliberating device. The preferred embodiments of the present invention do not need the size of air pressure and fuel pressure is done independent adjusting.

Describe as the front, just can reach constant fuel metering pressure difference by a single pressure regulator.Described single pressure regulator bears and responds the pressure size of the fuel oil that will measure simultaneously and is fed to the pressure size of the air of fuel nozzle or channel output end.

In fact, in a preferred embodiment, the superatmospheric pressure air source is an electrically driven (operated) air pump preferably, and the air pressure of its output can not be thought need to regulate.The air pressure of this pump output has only increased back just increase effectively at engine load and speed.For example, thought according to the present invention has been made device and has wherein been adopted four delivery conduits (diameter of the transversal circulating face of each conduit is 0.80 millimeter).In some successful tests of carrying out on this device, when motor turned round in idle running operating mode scope, the pressure of the superatmospheric pressure air of air supply dispensed chambers was approximately 21.0～26.5 pounds/inch ²(gauge pressure), and under the full engine load operating mode, the pressure of this superatmospheric pressure air is about 38 pounds/inch ²(gauge pressure).Pressure regulator 120 is regulated, made it that a kind of fuel pressure value that can produce constant metering pressure difference is provided continuously.According to the force value of the super-atmospheric pressure air of measuring at that time pressure as a comparison, above-mentioned constant metering pressure difference is 1.0 barometric pressure.In addition, find and confirmation that by these tests along with the increase of engine fuel demand, super-atmospheric pressure volume of air flow rate reduces substantially.For example, in these trials, when engine operating condition is idle running (and under foregoing air pressure scope), total volume flow speed of super-atmospheric pressure air is approximately 500.0 cels, and (thereby also being under the maximum metering fuel flow rate behavior) under the full engine load operating mode, the volume flow speed of super-atmospheric pressure pressure air is about 100.0 cels.

Thus, can see significantly, as make the transversal circulation area of each delivery conduit certain, when metering fuel flow rate increases, fuel flow can account for tool in the passage of delivery conduit space just increases, thereby has reduced the volume flow dose rate of superatmospheric pressure air by catheter channel the time to a certain extent.Therefore, the result of nature is the restriction that has increased along with the increase of metering fuel flow rate the air flows of passing through delivery conduit, thereby causes the increase of the force value of described super-atmospheric pressure pressure air.

Thus obtained another benefit is, superatmospheric pressure volume of air flow rate is big more, then guaranteed to the fuel oil of metering to dash the volume peptizaiton stronger, thereby carry metering fuel oil with the fuel oil elaioleucite size that more helps engine operation.But, along with engine load increases, the relative percentage of metering fuel oil (in delivery conduit) also increases, and when particularly the super-atmospheric pressure air quantity also increases, thereby reduces the response time of the carrying needed fuel oil in order to satisfy the engine fuel amount that increases.

By the present invention with for example use the system of the air under the atmospheric pressure to compare without the superatmospheric pressure air that is adopted among the present invention, can see, adopt the system of atmospheric air to demonstrate serious problem.For example, the time of delivery of atmospheric air system (being about to measure fuel oil is transported to engine cylinder from the metering spout the needed time of intake duct) is longer than time of delivery of the present invention widely.As a result, (promptly for example used time when occurring the metering fuel flow from metering valve and be increased to the actual intake duct that arrives engine cylinder of this metering fuel oil that has increased flow) is longer than the response time of the present invention widely the response time of described employing atmospheric air system.

In addition, because the work of the system of described employing atmospheric air depends on the pressure of ambient atmosphere and the pressure difference between engine inlets or the admission line degree of vacuum, then when motor near or be in throttle (closure) and open greatly under (WOT) situation, produce a subject matter in the system of this described employing atmospheric air.As known in the art, at oil with the door open when (WOT), engine charge degree of vacuum reduces and greatly near the ambient atmosphere force value.Therefore, just when needing big (even not being a maximum) pressure difference, in the system of described employing atmospheric air, between the intake duct of atmospheric air and reception cylinder, but almost there is not pressure difference with fuel delivery in cylinder the time.Contrast super-atmospheric pressure air system of the present invention, the present invention not only oil with the door open time metering fuel flow rate increase, and the absolute pressure of super-atmospheric pressure air also increases, thereby obtained fabulous time of delivery and response time.

As has been noted, in a preferred embodiment, the super-atmospheric pressure air can be supplied with by electrically driven (operated) air pump; But, should be understood that, also can determine provides the volume of abundance and the air stream of superatmospheric pressure scope by mechanically operated air pump (for example engine-driven air pump), therefore, this mechanically operated air pump can be used as the air source that super-atmospheric pressure air of the present invention is provided.

Also should see significantly, in fuel metering system of the present invention, the metering fuel oil in a series of fuel delivery conduits is flow through in unnecessary change, to reach fuel oil is only flowed to the some intake ducts of opening of motor, thus according to the time relationship of engine running fuel feeding periodically.

Even disclosed the present invention measures in the mode of duty cycle in this literary composition, but still provide continuous-flow through all delivery conduits, adopt other parts or measure then can be unnecessarily complicated entire work process, increase cost greatly and can not realize any final superior part.

Though here a disclosure and description preferred embodiment and other embodiment who selects and remodeling thereof, clearly, other embodiments of the invention within the appended claims scope of this paper back or remodeling also are possible.

Claims (38)

1, a kind of improvement of the fuel oil supply system of internal-combustion engine (12), described internal-combustion engine has several cylinders, each cylinder has intake duct (366), a single fuel metering valve (118 or 502) that is used for infeeding fuel oil to described internal-combustion engine (12), single fuel delivery circuit conduit (80 between described metering valve (118 or 502) and each intake duct (366), 82,84,86), described conduit (80,82,84,86) be used for fuel oil is transported to each described cylinder from described metering valve (118 or 502), be used for the superatmospheric pressure air assembly system (14 of fuel delivery to each described cylinder, 210,80,82,84,86,376,392,394,396), described improvement comprises described single fuel metering valve (118 or 502), and this valve (118 or 502) is a Sampling formula valve.

2, improvement as claimed in claim 1, wherein said metering valve (118 or 502) are electronic impulse modulation (18,106) formula valves.

3, improvement as claimed in claim 1, wherein said fuel metering valve (118 or 502) comprises several fuel oil output channels (274,276,278,280), and each described fuel oil output channel (274,276,278,280) is aimed at and is spaced from each other with described fuel delivery circuit conduit (80,82,84,86) concentric attaching separately.

4, the improvement of the device of uniform distribution fuel oil in multi-cylinder combustion engine (12), the conduit (80 that described multi-cylinder combustion engine has the gas-entered passageway (336) of several and described each cylinder of motor to link respectively, 82,84,86), described improvement comprises the fuel metering valve assembly (118 and 262 of carrying a certain amount of metering fuel oil according to the requirement of engine cylinder, 502 and 504), the parts of forming fuel oil chamber (272 or 544), several passages of being located to stretch by described fuel oil chamber (272 or 544) are used for the passage (274 of an engine cylinder, 276,278 and 280), each described passage (274,276,278 and 280) pass through each described conduit (80 respectively, 82,84,86) gas-entered passageway (366) with described each cylinder of motor links, and is used for the superatmospheric pressure air is incorporated into each described passage (274,276,278,280) downstream and each are described is used for carrying from passage (274,276,278,280) the metering fuel oil of Liu Chuing is to the conduit (80 of described motor, 82,84,86) certain zone (210 of upstream, 376,392,394,396) parts.

5, supply with a kind of improvement of the fuel oil supply system of metering fuel oil for several cylinders of internal-combustion engine (12), adopt superatmospheric pressure air source (14) to carry fuel-air mixed gas to each cylinder of motor, and described improvement comprises the fuel oil that the is used for conveying and metering single fuel metering valve (118 or 502) to described several cylinders, described single fuel metering valve (118 or 502) has several fuel metering passages (274,276,278,280), the number of described fuel metering passage equates with the number of cylinders of described several cylinders, several delivery conduits (80,82,84,86), described several conduits (80,82,84,86) number equates with the number of described cylinder, each described delivery conduit (80,82,84, the intake duct (366) of an end 86) and a described cylinder links, size and shape are selected, be used for receiving from the superatmospheric pressure air of superatmospheric pressure air source (14) and be positioned at several fuel metering passages (274 substantially, 276,278,280) with described delivery conduit (80,82,84,86) chamber (210 between relative each other end of the described end of each, 376,392,394,396), thus, by described superatmospheric pressure air with through described fuel metering passage (274,276,278,280) fuel air mixture of the fuel oil of metering formation is by each described delivery conduit (80,82,84,86) flow into described several cylinders.

6, by means of several delivery conduits (80,82,84,86) carry fuel-air mixed gas several cylinders to internal-combustion engine, to be used for will metering fuel oil infeed the fuel metering of several cylinders of internal-combustion engine and a kind of improvement of supply system, described several delivery conduits (80,82,84,86) number equates with the number of described several cylinders, described improvement comprises the single valve element (118 or 502) of variable position, periodically move to it with respect to described valve element (118 or 502) and close valve support face (356 or 504) with open position, several fuel metering passages (274,276,278,280), be used for moving to its open position and making the metering fuel oil from described several fuel metering passages (274 when described valve element (118 or 502), 276,278,280) fuel source (170 or 525 or 576) that transfers out the back in and give described fuel metering passage supply fuel oil, and with described several delivery conduits (80,82,84,86) link, be positioned at described several delivery conduits (80,82,84,86) upstream and described fuel metering passage (274,276,278,280) downstream is so that the air chamber (210 of described metering fuel oil from wherein passing through, 376,392,394,396), described superatmospheric pressure air in described air chamber and described metering fuel oil interact and form fuel air mixture, and described fuel air mixture is by described several delivery conduits (80,82,84,86) flow into described several cylinders.

7, according to a kind of improvement of claim 6, further comprise mixing chamber (318 or 404,406), described mixing chamber is positioned at the downstream position of and then described air chamber (210 or 376 or 392,394,396) and can makes and does between described superatmospheric pressure air and the described metering fuel oil further to mix.

8, a kind of improvement according to claim 6, each described delivery conduit (80 wherein, 82,84,86) comprise that is positioned at an and then described air chamber (210,376,392,394,396) inlet of downstream position (320), wherein said inlet comprises a runoff (flow-through) mixing chamber (318), along with described mixing chamber (318) from described air chamber (210 or 376 or 392,394,396) extension is left, the transversal circulation area of mixing chamber (318) reduces substantially, when described superatmospheric pressure air and described metering fuel oil when described air chamber flows out, described air chamber can impel described superatmospheric pressure air and described metering fuel oil to do further mixing each other effectively.

9, according to a kind of improvement of claim 6, the number of wherein said several fuel metering passages (274,276,278,280) equates with the number of described delivery conduit (80,82,84,86).

10, according to a kind of improvement of claim 6, the number of wherein said fuel metering passage (274a, 274b, 276a, 276b, 278a, 278b, 280a, 280b) equals the twice of described delivery conduit (80,82,84,86) number at least.

11, according to a kind of improvement of claim 6, each passage in wherein said several fuel metering passages (274,276,278,280) is positioned at and can makes from its described metering fuel oil of exporting on the position that each channel direction of described several delivery conduits (80,82,84,86) that will flow into towards described metering fuel oil flows.

12, according to a kind of improvement of claim 6, wherein each described delivery conduit (80,82,84,86) has the entry end (320) that a transversal circulation area relatively enlarges, and the residing position of each passage in wherein said several fuel metering passages (274,276,278,280 or 274a, 274b, 276a, 276b, 278a, 278b, 280a, 280b) can make the described metering fuel oil of exporting in it flow in the direction of each the described entry end (320) that has enlarged relatively towards transversal circulation area.

13, according to a kind of improvement of claim 6, the number of wherein said fuel metering passage (274a, 274b, 276a, 276b, 278a, 278b, 280a, 280b) equals the twice of described delivery conduit (80,82,84,86) number at least, the entry end (320) that the described delivery conduit of wherein each has a transversal circulation area to enlarge relatively, and make the wherein said fuel metering passage at least to (274a, 274b; 276a, 276b; 278a, 278b; 280a, 280b) residing position can make the direction of the metering fuel oil exported from each described passage same entry end (i.e. correspondence in 80,82,84,86 each 320) in each the described entry end that has enlarged relatively towards transversal circulation area flow.

14, according to a kind of improvement of claim 6, further comprise air distribution chamber (190 or 534), described air distribution chamber be positioned at be centered around substantially described air chamber (210) on every side the outside the position on, described air distribution chamber (190 or 534) can be realized the UNICOM between described superatmospheric pressure air source and the described air chamber (210) effectively, thereby the air of superatmospheric pressure is provided to described air chamber.

15,, further comprise the air passageways (220,222,224,226) that several are coupled to each other described air distribution chamber (190 or 534) and described air chamber (210) respectively according to a kind of improvement of claim 14.

16, according to claim 6 improvement, wherein said air chamber comprises the air distribution chamber (376 or 392,396) that is positioned at substantially between described fuel metering passage (274,276,278,280) and the described delivery conduit (80,82,84,86), but also comprises the air passageways (374 or 390 or 592) that is positioned at described several delivery conduits (80,82,84,86) centre substantially and links between described superatmospheric pressure air source (14) and described air distribution chamber (376 or 392,396).

17, a kind of improvement according to claim 6, wherein said air chamber (376 or 390 or 592) comprises the air distribution chamber, described air distribution chamber comprises its number and described delivery conduit (80,82,84,86) several dispensed chambers (392 that number equates, 396,394 or 404,406 or 210), each dispensed chambers in described several dispensed chambers all is positioned at described fuel metering passage (274,276,278,280) with described delivery conduit (80,82,84,86) between, comprise in addition being positioned at described several delivery conduits (80 substantially, 82,84,86) centre also makes superatmospheric pressure air source (14) and described several dispensed chambers (392,394,396 or 404,406 or 210) air passageways that links between (78).

18, a kind of improvement according to claim 6, wherein said air chamber (390 or 592) comprises the air distribution chamber, described air distribution chamber comprises that its number equals described delivery conduit (80,82,84, the dispensed chambers (392 of number 86), 394,396 or 210 ... 210), each dispensed chambers in wherein said several dispensed chambers all is positioned at described fuel metering passage (274,276,278,280) and described delivery conduit (80,82,84,86) between, comprise in addition and be positioned at described several delivery conduits (80 substantially, 82,84,86) centre also makes superatmospheric pressure air source (14) and described several dispensed chambers (392,394,396 or 210 ... 210) air passageways that links between (78), and mixing chamber (318 ... 318), described mixing chamber (318 ... 318) be positioned at and then described several dispensed chambers (392,394,396 or 210 ... 210) downstream position, and can impel further mixing mutually between described superatmospheric pressure air and the described metering fuel oil effectively.

19, a kind of improvement according to claim 6, wherein said several delivery conduits (80,82,84,86) each delivery conduit in comprise tracheal portion (312) and with the joining inlet part of described tracheal portion (216), described inlet part (216) has second main body (308) that is used to hold first main body (304) of described tracheal portion (312) and forms a runoff (flow-through) mixing chamber therein, described mixing chamber (318) is essentially cone structure, is positioned at and then described air chamber (210 or 376 or 392,394,396 or 404,406) downstream position and can impel described superatmospheric pressure air effectively and described metering fuel oil further mixes before mutually flowing out described tracheal portion (312).

20, according to a kind of improvement of claim 19, further comprise the first fluid (88) that is used to install described valve assembly substantially, with second housing that is used for installing effectively several delivery conduits (80,82,84,86) (114 or 114a or 114b or 114c or 114g or 114f), wherein said second housing has the air chamber (210 or 376 or 390) that receives the superatmospheric pressure air in (114 or 114a or 114b or 114c or 114g or 114f).

21, according to a kind of improvement of claim 6, further comprise pressure regulator (120), described pressure regulator (120) can respond the variation (through the duct 172) of the force value of the variation (through pipeline 368) of the force value of superatmospheric pressure air and superatmospheric pressure fuel oil, keeps constant basically thereby carry out the pressure difference that pressure regulates between the two ends that make described fuel metering passage (274,276,278,280).

22, according to a kind of improvement of claim 6, wherein the force value of the superatmospheric pressure air in described air chamber (210 or 376 or 390) along with described motor near solar term with the door open engine operating condition and increase.

23, a kind of improvement according to claim 6, the pressure size that wherein is fed to the superatmospheric pressure air of described air chamber is unadjusted, the pressure size that wherein infeeds the superatmospheric pressure fuel oil in the described fuel metering passage is unadjusted, comprise pressure-responsive device (120) in addition, described pressure-responsive device (120) can respond the variation (through the duct 172) of the force value of the variation (through pipeline 368) of the force value of superatmospheric pressure air and superatmospheric pressure fuel oil, regulates and makes described fuel metering passage (274 thereby carry out pressure, 276,278,280) pressure difference between the two ends remains unchanged basically.

24, according to a kind of improvement of claim 23, wherein said pressure-responsive device (120) comprises pressure regulator valve element (146,154), described pressure regulator valve element can make the fuel oil (through 158,160,76) of various different amounts return described fuel source, keeps the constant substantially of described pressure difference with this.

25, according to a kind of improvement of claim 6, come from the outside air source (14) and not heating of the superatmospheric pressure air in the base in described air chamber.

26, according to a kind of improvement of claim 19, wherein each described entry end element (216) is connected with described each tracheal portion (312).

27, according to a kind of improvement of claim 6, the changeable valve element in wherein said position is roughly spherical structure (502 ... 502) valve surface.

28, a kind of improvement according to claim 27, wherein the pressure size of the superatmospheric pressure air of air-supplied chamber is unadjusted, the pressure size that infeeds the superatmospheric pressure fuel oil in the described fuel metering passage is unadjusted, comprise pressure-responsive device (120) in addition, described pressure-responsive device (120) can respond the variation (through the duct 172) of the unadjusted force value of the variation (through pipeline 368) of the unadjusted force value of superatmospheric pressure air and superatmospheric pressure fuel oil, regulates and makes described fuel metering passage (274 thereby carry out pressure, 276,278,280) pressure difference between the two ends remains unchanged basically.

29, according to a kind of improvement of claim 1, the force value of wherein said superatmospheric pressure air goes into operation condition along with motor greatly near its closure and increases.

30, according to a kind of improvement of claim 1, the pressure regulator (120) that further comprises the pressure of the fuel pressure that can respond and relatively infeed described fuel metering valve (through the duct 172) and superatmospheric pressure air (through pipeline 368), described pressure regulator (120) can be kept a previously selected pressure difference value effectively, in the force value excursion of certain superatmospheric pressure air fuel oil is measured.

31, according to a kind of improvement of claim 4, the force value of wherein said superatmospheric pressure air goes into operation condition along with motor greatly near its closure and increases.

32, a kind of improvement according to claim 4, wherein infeed each described passage (274,276,278,280) the pressure size of the superatmospheric pressure air in the described zone in downstream is unadjusted, wherein the fuel pressure size in described fuel oil chamber is a superatmospheric pressure, comprise pressure regulator (120) in addition, the force value that described pressure regulator (120) can respond described superatmospheric pressure air and fuel oil changes, thereby, and make the pressure difference between air pressure and the fuel pressure keep substantially constant by the force value (for example utilizing 128 or 146) of the described superatmospheric pressure fuel oil of adjusting.

33, a kind of improvement according to claim 6, further comprise and be used to install first housing (438) of described valve assembly substantially and be used to install described several delivery conduits (80,82,84,86) second housing (114f or 114g), wherein said first housing and second housing are fixed with each other, the changeable valve element in wherein said position has the valve surface that is roughly spherical structure (502), wherein said valve support face (504) is gone up at described second housing (114f or 114g) and is formed, and makes to have described fuel metering passage (274 in this external described second housing, 276,278,280).

34, a kind of improvement according to claim 6, the changeable valve element in wherein said position comprises a tubular valve element (118), axially be inserted with in this valve element (118) parts (112) make it towards or leave described valve support face (356) and move axially, described pipe type valve element (118) comprise substantially valve element (118) towards or leave the valve portion that extends out in a lateral direction (350 that valve support face (356) moves axially direction, 354), when described valve portion (350, when 354) being bearing on the described valve support face, can stop whereby by described fuel metering passage (274,276,278, flowing 280).

35, a kind of improvement according to claim 6, the changeable valve element in wherein said position (118) comprises a tubular portion, be inserted with in the described tubular portion to valve element (118) towards or leave the guide rod part (260) that moving axially of described seating plane (356) lead, described valve element (118) also comprise with described tubular portion be one, be roughly the valve portion (350 of outside radial stretching, extension, 354), wherein said valve support parts (112) comprise guide rod part (260) and substantially in the transversely valve support main body (262) of formation of described guide rod part.Several fuel metering passages (274,276,278,280) are arranged in described valve support main body (262), described guide rod part (260) be used to described barrel portion (118) towards or leave the mobile guide of described valve support face (356), described radial valve portion (350,354) can stop flowing by described measurement channel (274,276,278,280) when it is bearing in when valve support face (356) is gone up effectively.

36, a kind of improvement according to claim 6, the changeable valve element in wherein said position (118) be included as to this valve element (118) towards or leave the barrel portion that moving axially of described valve support face (356) led and be inserted with guide rod part (260) within it, the valve portion that is substantially radial outside stretching, extension (350 that has with described siphonata branch, 354), wherein said valve support face (356) parts comprise guide rod part (260) and substantially in the valve support main body (262) of formation in a lateral direction of described guide rod part (260), a formation in described valve support main body (262), center on the fuel distribution annular groove (272) of described guide rod part (260) substantially, wherein said several fuel metering passages (274,276,278,280) pass described valve support main body (262) and with described fuel distribution annular groove (272) UNICOM, the valve support face be centered around substantially described fuel distribution annular groove (272) around, wherein said guide rod part (260) is used to described barrel portion and described radial valve portion (350,354) towards or leave moving axially of described valve support face (356) and lead, described radial valve portion (350,354) can stop fuel oil effectively when it is bearing on the described valve support face (356) flows into described fuel distribution annular groove (272) and flows through described fuel metering passage (274,276,278,280).

37, according to a kind of improvement of claim 36, wherein said fuel distribution annular groove (272) is substantially around the axis of described guide rod part (260) and be on the position that separates with described guide rod part (260) radial outside; Cavity (364) forms between described barrel portion and described guide rod part (260) substantially, be used to make fuel oil in it by flowing into the through hole (360 of described cavity (364), 362) pass described barrel portion and form, the first portion (inboard) of described valve support face (356) is looped around between described cavity (364) and the fuel distribution annular groove (272) substantially, and the second portion (outside) of described valve support face (356) is looped around the radial outside place of described fuel distribution annular groove (272) substantially, thereby when described barrel portion and described radial valve portion body (350,354) from described valve support surface (356) when removing, fuel oil will flow into the fuel distribution annular groove (272) from both direction, first direction is the radially outer direction from described cavity (364), and second direction is radially inwardly to pass through the described second portion (outside) of described valve support face (356).

38, according to a kind of improvement of claim 34, but the valve portion of wherein said extending transversely is elastic bending (422), thereby compare with the valve portion of unyielding extending transversely, size fit tolerance scope can be bigger when flexible valve portion (422) was gone up sealing at valve support face (356).

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