CN87101582A - Passive optical detector - Google Patents
Passive optical detector Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN87101582A CN87101582A CN198787101582A CN87101582A CN87101582A CN 87101582 A CN87101582 A CN 87101582A CN 198787101582 A CN198787101582 A CN 198787101582A CN 87101582 A CN87101582 A CN 87101582A CN 87101582 A CN87101582 A CN 87101582A
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- photoelectric cell
- amplifier
- output terminal
- detector
- circuit
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
- G01P13/00—Indicating or recording presence, absence, or direction, of movement
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V8/00—Prospecting or detecting by optical means
- G01V8/10—Detecting, e.g. by using light barriers
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of photronic passive optical detector that has, it uses surround lighting at that time separately, and for example throw light on and carry out photodetection in daylight or normal space.By comprising two passive photoelectric cells that are connected in series (11,12), there is the photo-detector of a center output terminal (1) to finish therebetween.All photoelectric cells are to be provided with like this, its corresponding incident ray path or parallel to each other or concentrate on a bit.Schmitt trigger (71,72) is arranged on the back of amplifier (61,62), amplifier (61,62) is connected to each photoelectric cell (11,12), trigger (71,72), output terminal be connected to OR-gate (3) and go up corresponding input end, the output terminal of OR-gate is connected to relay-set (4).
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of photo-detector, this photo-detector is a kind ofly to have photoelectric cell and connected amplifier, and the passive optical detector of relay-set or device like that.
Known photo-detector is subject to disturb, because they face toward photoelectric cell work with an artificial light source.Light source one photoelectric cell can destroy be set up in vibration, and thereby the function of harm detector.In addition, photoelectric cell and light source must be in separately the side of the object that is detected along that path of this path process all the time.For long detection range, need a more intense light source, and in this case, ambient light energy influences photoelectric cell and causes the malfunction of detector.Here should be noted that, may need to use catoptron about this photoelectric cell and artificial light source, according to practical experience, wherein Fan She light has only about 50% of incident light.In order to make photoelectric cell not be subjected to the influence of surround lighting, attempted using pulsed light, but this can make indicator more blunt and to moving direction and speed indication produces deleterious effects.
Photo-detector above-mentioned can be used to provide the photodetection of for example moving on travelling belt, automatic elevator, doorway, workshop about article, the detection that big distance moves, the indication of translational speed etc.
Purpose of the present invention is particularly in the shortcoming of eliminating or alleviate known photo-detector.Also have a purpose provide in introduction, mention the sort of be not subject to vibration effect, durable, easily install and be applicable to the detector of long range sensing.
This is finished by the present invention who provides following distinguishing characteristics, this feature is: two photoelectric cells are connected in series in pairs, one center output terminal is arranged between the two, described photronic opticpath or parallel to each other or converge, described photoelectric cell is suitable for sensitive context, existing light, daylight for example, described center output terminal is connected to the input end on the signal processing circuit with one zero-Tong amplifier, and this zero-Tong amplifier forms level through signal and is suitable for encouraging its output terminal to be connected to a relay circuit of a relay-set or device like that.
Photo-detector of the present invention plans to replace the equipment with the pattern of the photoelectric cell work that is subjected to photograph specially, and object to be detected has been blocked the outgoing beam between light source and the photoelectric cell in this equipment.
Principle of the present invention is based on such understanding, if can save special light source, just can obtain better reliability and simplification widely.Therefore, the present invention has utilized popular light, daylight, room lighting or other existing, surround lightings.This has simplified the structure of passive optical detector like this, and does not need servicing unit and adjustment.
Used be not one but two in pairs work and to visible light or invisible light activated element, for example cadmium sulphide cell, solar cell, phototriode or photodiode.No matter in instructions or claims, all use term " photoelectric cell " hereinafter for these light activated elements.Two photoelectric cells optically are to be aligned with each other a distant object.Two photoelectric cells are in series to be electrically connected, and photodetector signal is from the tie point between two photoelectric cells, directly or through capacitor or resistor, be sent to the input end on the signal processing circuit of zero-Tong amplifier, this zero-Tong amplifier forms the level excitation by signal and is connected to the relay circuit of relay-set or device like that.
Zero-Tong amplifier can comprise the branch circuit that each photoelectric cell is connected with amplifier.Signal in this external corresponding branch circuit forms level and comprises a schmitt trigger or similar device, and at one of slave flipflop with conversion of signals after this, their output signal is added to an OR-gate that is included in the control relay circuit.The output of OR-gate is connected to relay-set or suchlike device, and this device provides essential work indication or control again, though this is not a theme of the present invention.
With regard to passive optical detector according to the present invention, by two pairs or many photoelectric cell is connected into and electronic circuit interacts, can detect the mobile of object on the large tracts of land with simple and reliable method.Thereby might monitor a big continuous point regional or all separation in this zone effectively.
The accompanying drawing that refers now to all embodiment of explanation comes detailed explanation the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiment, wherein:
Fig. 1 is according to the present invention and has the wiring diagram that resistance changes the passive optical detector of light activated element;
Fig. 2 is the wiring diagram of modified embodiment;
Fig. 3 is the curve map of schmitt trigger;
Fig. 4 illustrates that another kind of input has the mode that light-sensitive cell produces the circuit of electric current; And
Fig. 5 illustrates one embodiment of the present of invention, and wherein many is to be used for monitoring a broad zone to photoelectric cell.
In of the present invention basic embodiment by the explanation of Fig. 1 wiring diagram, two photoelectric cells that are connected in series 11,12 are arranged, terminals 1 are arranged between the two. Photoelectric cell 11,12 through corresponding resistor 21 and 22, is connected to the positive and negative operating voltage of power supply towards the direction of leaving center-side 1.Detectable signal itself is to take from photoelectric cell 11,12 center-side 1 between the two, and adds on the input end 10 of signal processing circuit 100.Signal processing circuit comprises that zero-Tong amplifier 106 and signal form level 107.In most preferred embodiment of the present invention, circuit 100 also comprises branch circuit 41-71 and 42-72 respectively for corresponding photoelectric cell 11,12.So amplifier 106 comprises two branch circuits, each is connected to amplifier 61,62 with its corresponding capacitor 41,42 or resistor 51,52.Two amplifiers obtain balance by means of capacitor or resistor, so that the variation of the amplifier of branch road amplification forward voltage, and the another one amplifier amplifies the negative voltage variation.Signal forms the back that level 107 is connected amplifier 61,62, and for corresponding branch circuit schmitt trigger 71,72 is set, and by paraphase, so two output signals have identical polarity from the signal of one of trigger.This or pass through: in the amplifier one has paraphase output or reaches by one in amplifier paraphase device 2 that connects later.The output terminal of two triggers 71,72 is connected to each input end on the OR-gate 3.If compared difference at the incident light quantity on one of photoelectric cell with the incident light quantity on another photoelectric cell, so OR-gate will provide a signal.For sending detectable signal, should there be a period of time in difference, and this time can easily change with capacitor 41,42 or the resistor 51,52 of selecting suitable size.
For stable purpose, resistor 31,32 can be provided with in parallel with photoelectric cell in Fig. 2.These resistors are the high resistance that suit, with the order of magnitude of megaohm.
The output terminal of OR-gate 3 is connected to for example an anchor relay 4 or a photo-coupler (optocoupler), and reaching the electric current of isolating photo-detector in the slave unit, this equipment is to prepare to connect and by its control.Professional in the present technique field can make further improvement.Other schmitt trigger 5 can be arranged between OR-gate 3 and the relay-set 4, as shown in Figure 2.
If photo-detector of the present invention is to encourage and adopt complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) (CMOS) electronic circuit with battery or suchlike power supply, then current drain will be very low,, be several microamperes the order of magnitude that is, so the life-span of battery is extremely long.
Fig. 3 is the schmitt trigger curve map, and the trigger point is to be represented by T.Regulate relevant amplifier, so that FI and two positions of FII are clearly respectively on the left side and the right side of trigger point T, thereby reliable triggering is being provided from FI to FII.In order to change amplifier 61,62, for they are provided with corresponding regulating resistor 81,82, as shown in Figure 2 to suitable position.The slip output terminal of all resistors is connected to the input end of corresponding amplifier 61,62.As a kind of conversion, as seen from Fig. 5, single regulating resistor 8 can be connected to the positive input terminal of an amplifier and the negative input end of another amplifier, two amplifier input terminal being mentioned, and the corresponding fixed resister of process is connected to the plus or minus current potential of power supply then.
Now getting in touch Fig. 4 makes an explanation to improved circuit input end.Changing the photoelectric cell of their resistances among the figure, is to replace with solar cell 91,92, to produce curtage, here illustrates as a worked example.
Only schematically illustrate with original known optical system, two solar cells 91,92 with acute angle towards an object P with given light intensity.As a kind of conversion, solar cell also can be parallel towards or deflection towards their corresponding some P and P ', these two points can be that equally light or light are slightly different.Less difference can be transferred by means of pot device 95,96 and be removed. Low gain amplifier 93,94 is connected the back of solar cell 91,92, and one (here being 94) in the amplifier has the paraphase output terminal.When an object F had crossed two solar cells 91,92 with direction R, light beam I at first was blocked, so battery 91 changes its output current i1 with respect to the current i 2 of another battery 92.Current i 1 is supplied with amplifier 93, and current i 2 is supplied with amplifier 94.If supposition object F puts P for dark, before then current i 1 will be less than.This means balance between the previously adjusted current/voltage that exists in the amplifier 93,94 with destroyed, cause on the output terminal 96 of pot 95, having one to change accordingly, that is, weaken, change to negative at this situation the voltage here.If object is that to put P be bright, or light beam 11 is blocked earlier, and then voltage will be to just changing.Change is through capacitor 41,42, amplifier 61,62 and trigger circuit 71,72 are sent to two input ends of OR-gate 3, one of them obtains signal, thus meet " or " condition, and the output terminal of OR-gate send out a signal to relay 4 with its triggering.
The wiring diagram that illustrates as an example on figure can be done further modification with known method own by the professional in the present technique field.Therefore, can realize that expression is that light beam I or light beam II are blocked earlier, and blocking object to put P be bright or dark various indications, so can make the indication of expression direction become possibility.Also might be according at one or needs aspect another are selected or the brightness of point of adjustment P and P '.And, by alternative pack suitably, can improve and/or conditioned reaction sensitivity.
Solution with the present invention proposes can obtain a kind of passive mobile detector, and this detector more or less has nothing to do with light source except be the light of its certain form of need of work.From the test of reality, have been found that also the requirement to light is low-down.Use on-the-spot available light according to photo-detector of the present invention, photo-detector itself is adjusted to is adapted to indicate the luminous environment that exists constantly.Because light can change, as a whole, photo-detector of the present invention is worked in the low light level Yu in high light equally.The influence that not changed by light is not even light has any difficulty from the often interrupted shinny fluorescent tube of working defectively in a Geju City yet.But to use directly into the photoelectric cell of irradiating light beam work be very not enough to this light source concerning general.If it is too little that this light beam changes, the photoelectric cell of general device receives this light beam and means that light beam is blocked, and sends out a signal corresponding to this effect.Because the present invention uses the photoelectric cell 11,12 of paired connection, the travel path of incident light in two light ponds is parallel to each other or be arranged to be mutually the form of acute angle, thereby mean that a photoelectric cell can receive stronger light continuously, and another photoelectric cell can receive more weak light continuously, basic difference is that photo-detector of the present invention is surveyed the difference from two photronic signals separately, that is, in two photoelectric cells compares with another and receives few really light quantity suddenly.Actual tests has illustrated that also the signal difference in the short time as several milliseconds is fully enough to remove to start photo-detector to send a working signal.
Because photo-detector of the present invention itself is adjusted to the environment of adaptation light at that time, when in conjunction with suitable optical devices, can well survey moving of object or big spacing.It is well-known that this optical devices formerly have in the skill, rather than a part of the present invention, because they can be provided in his limit of power by the professional in the present technique field.He also can easily improve photo-detector of the present invention, makes it can indicate the speed of the object of being surveyed by it, thus the moving direction that it is transformed into a mobile detector and also can realizes in a general way indicating or come.The speed of reaction only depends on photronic sensitivity.
Further developing in Fig. 5 of passive optical detector of the present invention illustrates, plans to detect the object that moves in big zone.More precisely, this detector can for once be among a certain zone as people of indication.
The indicator that this further develops thereby comprise is manyly represented in the drawings this photoelectric cell 11-12 photoelectric cell 11-12(64) be evenly distributed on the zone to be monitored.Photoelectric cell can be arranged in the top of top, zone, and a kind of form of plane surface is taked at the top, is arranged at groove for each photoelectric cell 11,12 in plane surface, and 128 grooves are arranged in this situation.Mat provides suitable length and gives suitable direction to the right groove of corresponding photoelectric cell corresponding groove, first index of the present invention reaches, promptly, each will optically be orientated like this to photoelectric cell, the light that makes each photoelectric cell receive is to be parallel to the light that other photoelectric cells receive, and perhaps these light form acute angle mutually.
From photoelectric cell all signals of 11-12 are sampled periodically, and sampled signal is adjusted by the change-over circuit 102 of clock circuit 103 controls.From the photoelectric cell that is sampled the signal of 11-12 is received data collection circuit 101, this collecting circuit input end 10 on the signal processing circuit 100 of feeding.Memory circuit 104 is connected to the output terminal of signal processing circuit 100, in order to identify each signal from circuit 100.In order to determine the number (detector will send a signal for it) of object/person, there is a quantity circuit 105 to be connected to output line from signal processing circuit 100, it can be fed to output signal relay or photo-coupler 4, as the embodiment relevant with Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 narrates.Quantity circuit 105 has two output terminals, and the output terminal above in Fig. 5 is to be used for the status signalization of " more than a people " in monitor area, and following output terminal is with the status signalization of " more than two people " in monitor area.Quantity circuit 105 can be set up according to the quantity of the hope that will be monitored object/person.
Data collection circuit and evaluation circuit are made up of electronic integrated circuit.So IC1-IC11 represents the integrated circuit (MUX/DEMUX ' s) of 8 simulation multiple transmission apparatus/demultiplexers, IC12 and IC18 represent 8 NOT-AND gates, IC13 and IC16 represent (seven of so-called pulsed counters, CD4024), IC14 is 324 type amplifiers, IC19 and IC20 are OR-gates, and IC15 is the quaternary type NOT-AND gate with double input end (two input ends all have schmitt trigger), and IC17 is one 2 * 4 a storer.
Therefore mobile object/people can be detected by the photo-detector according to Fig. 5 in given zone.The zone can be a room or a corridor that is provided with, and this door is opened and can be produced a reset signal " RES " to detector, consequently opens door and causes that detection is from original state.What should clarify the professional in the present technique field is that other electronic authentication circuit also can be connected in the system, and photoelectric cell is set 11-12 is had different possibilities.Photoelectric cell is on the ceiling with on the wall different mutual alignment relation being arranged, in order to detect in the zones of different structure with in three-dimensional.Should think also to be clear that the embodiment of Figure 4 and 5 can utilize daylight or artificial light (infrared ray or laser) to shine impact point P, P ' in conjunction with as long-range detection.
Photo-detector of the present invention is not to be subjected to influence that light changes fully, and this light changes can be present in monitored scene.Therefore, the effect of the sun or the shade at cloudy day or the illumination of light fixture etc. can not influence the signal from detector nocuously.Experience the structure that radiation can obtain wishing by means of suitable servicing unit by photoelectric cell.
Have been found that detector of the present invention, can make vibrating on the insensitive and optics sturdy and durable.In addition, can use inexpensive electronic equipment to realize the present invention, detector is sold on market with low price.For example zero-Tong amplifier 106 of signal processing circuit 100 and signal form level 107, can all make is one " exclusive OR " door, it encourages a transistor through comprising the control relay circuit of another one " exclusive OR " door, and it is as relay 4 work of mentioning.
Claims (12)
1, a kind of passive optical detector, has photoelectric cell (11,12) and connected amplifier (61,62) and relay-set (4) or suchlike device, it is characterized in that, photoelectric cell (11,12) be connected in series in pairs, between has a center output terminal (1), described photoelectric cell (11,12) opticpath or parallel to each other or converge, described photoelectric cell is suitable for sensitive context, existing light, daylight for example, described center output terminal (1) is connected to the input end (10) on the signal processing circuit (100) of one zero-Tong amplifier (106), and this zero-Tong amplifier forms level (107) through signal and is suitable for encouraging its output terminal to be connected to the relay circuit (3 of relay-set (4) or device like that, 5).
2, photo-detector according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, zero-Tong amplifier (106) comprises corresponding to each photoelectric cell (11,12) branch circuit (41-71 and 42-72), branch circuit (41-71 and 42-72) also respectively with amplifier (61,62) be connected, signal in corresponding branch circuit forms level (107) and comprises schmitt trigger (71,72) or suchlike device, be connected the there, also be control relay circuit (3,5) comprise an OR-gate (3), the input end of OR-gate (3) is connected to the output terminal of branch circuit (41-71 and 42-72), and its output terminal is connected to relay-set (4) or suchlike device.
3, photo-detector according to claim 2 is characterized in that, an amplifier in the amplifier (61,62) has a paraphase output terminal, or its output terminal is connected to paraphase device (2).
According to claim 2 or 3 described photo-detectors, it is characterized in that 4, capacitor (41,42) and/or resistor (51,52) are to be connected between each photoelectric cell (11,12) and the relevant amplifier (61,62).
5, according to the described photo-detector of one or more claims of claim 2 to 4, it is characterized in that, adjust resistor (81,82; 8) being arranged on the input end of amplifier (61,62), is any side in the trigger point of the schmitt trigger (71,72) that connects so that remain on signal on the output terminal of corresponding amplifier (61,62).
6, photo-detector according to claim 5 is characterized in that, the slip output terminal of adjusting resistor (81,82) is the input end that is connected to relevant amplifier (61,62).
7, according to the described photo-detector of one or more aforementioned claims, it is characterized in that having high-ohmic resistor (31,32) and each photoelectric cell (11,12) to be connected in parallel.
8, according to the described photo-detector of one or more aforementioned claims, it is characterized in that photoelectric cell comprises the photoelectric cell (91,92) that produces electric current, solar cell for example, electric current (11,12) from battery is added between the output terminal that is connected low gain amplifier (93,94), and have one as two ends from the resistor (95) of the slip output terminal (96) of detector output signal, said low gain amplifier (93,94) is arbitrarily and is connected the back of photoelectric cell (11,12) that one in the said amplifier has a paraphase output terminal.(Fig. 4)
9, according to the described photo-detector of claim in any front, it is characterized in that, two pairs or many photoelectric cell (11-12) is connected to signal processing circuit (100), in order to detect illumination a big monitored area and/or the variation in the prevailing circumstances light on the different point in the monitored area.(Fig. 5)
10, photo-detector according to claim 9, it is characterized in that, each photoelectric cell is to be connected to signal processing circuit (100) independently to (11-12), preferably by suitable connecting circuit (102), periodically with independent photoelectric cell to being connected to signal processing circuit.
11, photo-detector according to claim 10, it is characterized in that, photoelectric cell is connected to data collection circuit (101) to (11-12), the output terminal of data collection circuit is connected to the input end (10) of signal processing circuit (100), the output terminal of signal processing circuit (100) is connected to memory circuit (104), in order to identify by each photoelectric cell signal message given to (11-12).
12, according to the described photo-detector of claim 9 to 11, it is characterized in that, one can be that programmable quantity determines that device (105) is connected to memory circuit (104), in order to the number of predetermined photoelectric cell to (11-12), it must deliver to relay-set (4) or device like that to a signal message that is energized that obtains output signal.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| SE8600847A SE8600847D0 (en) | 1986-02-25 | 1986-02-25 | OPTICAL DETECTOR |
| SE8600847-1 | 1986-02-25 | ||
| SE8603335-4 | 1986-08-06 | ||
| SE8603335A SE452068B (en) | 1986-02-25 | 1986-08-06 | Passive optical detector for monitoring conveyed goods |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN87101582A true CN87101582A (en) | 1987-09-30 |
Family
ID=26659261
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN198787101582A Pending CN87101582A (en) | 1986-02-25 | 1987-02-25 | Passive optical detector |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN87101582A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU7035387A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1987005115A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111121965A (en) * | 2019-12-24 | 2020-05-08 | 南京理工大学 | Ultraviolet radiation illuminometer with wide dynamic range |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4308983A1 (en) * | 1993-03-20 | 1994-09-22 | Abb Patent Gmbh | Sensor switch with a sensor that reacts to movement |
| DE19504606C2 (en) * | 1995-02-11 | 1999-01-07 | Kostal Leopold Gmbh & Co Kg | Optoelectronic device for detecting precipitation which is deposited on the outside of a transparent pane |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3444384A (en) * | 1966-11-07 | 1969-05-13 | Geza E Horeczky | Motion selector using ratio of responses of two photoelectric cells |
-
1987
- 1987-02-25 AU AU70353/87A patent/AU7035387A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1987-02-25 WO PCT/SE1987/000094 patent/WO1987005115A1/en unknown
- 1987-02-25 CN CN198787101582A patent/CN87101582A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111121965A (en) * | 2019-12-24 | 2020-05-08 | 南京理工大学 | Ultraviolet radiation illuminometer with wide dynamic range |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO1987005115A1 (en) | 1987-08-27 |
| AU7035387A (en) | 1987-09-09 |
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| C01 | Deemed withdrawal of patent application (patent law 1993) | ||
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