CN86210430U - Versatile heat-treatment furnace using solid fuel - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a versatile heat treatment furnace using solid fuel. The lateral surface of the furnace pot is provided with a kerosene pipe and an ammonia pipe whose flow quantity can be controlled; the furnace pot is provided with two internal-external heating systems; the air intake pipe is provided with an automatic air door; the versatile furnace top is provided with a composite chimney with a tunable outlet section. The heat treatment versatile furnace not only carries out various conventional heat treatments (except high speed steel hot quenching) and various chemical heat treatments. The utility model has the advantages of high speed, favorable thermal insulating property, less investment, low energy consumption, small size, convenient operation, simple manufacturing process, and carries out rapid cooling. The versatile heat treatment furnace eradicates the salt bath poison, and is suitable for mountain area and township enterprises with little electricity.

Description

Versatile heat-treatment furnace using solid fuel

The utility model relates to the solid-fuelled heat treatment multipurpose furnace of a kind of usefulness.

Existing solid fuel heat-treatment furnace, include bell, the body of heater that heat-insulation layer, furnace shell and refractory brick constitute, be divided into furnace chamber, burner hearth and furnace bottom in the body of heater, the thermocouple sealed tube is arranged in the retort, there is slag notch the burner hearth side on the furnace wall, and there are ash hole and air inlet in the furnace bottom side on the furnace wall, workpiece is placed in the retort just can heat-treats.But this heat-treatment furnace, if as pack carburizing or when annealing, not only temperature is difficult to evenly, the difficult control of quality, and also complexity of operating procedure require the seal degree height; If during as heat treatments such as liquid carburizing, quenchings, not only work under hard conditions, labor strength is big, and the life-span of retort is short, and thermal loss and chemical consumption are big, so the cost height; A stove can not be realized use more.

From existing pit type gas carburizing electric furnace, then the general power consumption of well-type electric furnace is big, the indirect temperature control more complicated of segmentation, and the cost height particularly just is difficult to apply in the outlying mountain area that lacks electric power.

Task of the present utility model is that a kind of solid fuel heat treatment multipurpose furnace will be provided, it not only can carry out various conventional heat treatments (except that the high-speed steel quench hot) and number of chemical heat treatment, and programming rate is fast, and insulation and temperature control performance are good, can carry out cold soon again.Reach multi-use, but energy savings and reducing investment outlay.

The utility model is achieved in that to be adorned several to kerosene pipe and ammonia pipe by the furnace wall at ring groove shape retort lateral surface, have by burner hearth through the retort pad and to lead to several craters at the bottom of the furnace chamber, it at the bottom of the burner hearth porous sphere grate, the external rectangle blast pipe that self closing door is housed of air inlet, central main chimney and several pipes constitute composite chimney.The hollow hole of ring groove shape retort is a truncated cone, 4-8 centimetre at interval on the refractory brick of columnar lateral surface and body of heater.So just being the boundary with the retort is divided into two partly with space in the body of heater, i.e. burner hearth (space that comprises the encirclement of hollow hole and retort pad and sphere grate) and furnace chamber (space that the refractory brick of retort lateral surface and body of heater surrounds).Through the hollow hole of retort main chimney, form the interior heating system of retort by burner hearth to the top; Through the pipe of furnace chamber, form the outer heating system of retort by crater to the top.This just can make the ring groove shape retort heat simultaneously from medial surface and lateral surface, has increased heating surface area, and the workpiece that is placed in the ring groove shape retort programming rate that is heated is accelerated, and has made full use of the energy, and has reduced the temperature difference of heat treated part each several part.Kerosene pipe that the retort lateral surface is controlled and ammonia pipe are equipped with respectively more than 2 or 2, respectively divide equally the Lower Half at retort.Not only can anneal in such retort, the heat treatment (except that the high-speed steel quench hot) of various routines such as quenching, tempering, normalizing, and as long as feed kerosene and ammonia to scale according to technological requirement, just can carry out number of chemical heat treatments such as gas carburizing, nitriding, tufftride, carbo-nitriding, reach multi-use, but energy savings is reduced investment outlay.Have more than 4 or 4 by the crater of retort pad from burner hearth to furnace chamber, be evenly distributed on annular retort pad around.The heat that solid fuel produces in the burner hearth internal combustion, through crater in furnace chamber to the heat supply of retort lateral surface.At burner hearth to the heat supply of retort medial surface.Being uniform-distribution with the aperture on the porous sphere grate is that 8-12 millimeter, pitch-row are the aperture of 30-40 millimeter.Can make the burner hearth air intake even, can prevent that simultaneously bulk solid fuel or slag from falling furnace bottom and stopping up ventilating opening.Self closing door is by becoming 50-70 degree angle to seal the movable air door plate of its internal diameter with the rectangle blast pipe, and the balance weight that is contained on the pipe exogenous wind door pivot one end support bar constitutes.Rely on the moment of adjustment weight countershaft, control intake, air quantity is big, and self closing door is opened greatly; Air quantity is little, and self closing door is opened for a short time, just closes automatically when calm, and this has just reached the speed that changes burning, realizes that programming rate is controlled.Composite chimney meets at main chimney by the pipe more than 2 or 2 that is connected with furnace chamber upper end outlet flue and constitutes, the Lower Half of pipe and main chimney all is provided with a horizontal plate of outlet flue, on the horizontal plate of outlet flue, all have one with the onesize hole of pipe (chimney) internal diameter, thereby can regulate the outlet of hot flue gas, control hot flue gas flow.This matches with self closing door, and it is imported and exported Close All, or the size of controlling them just can realize insulation, or the speed of cooling off.If claw the burning fire carbon in the burner hearth, open air door and outlet flue and just can carry out cold soon.This is just than the requirement that is easier to satisfy in the various heat treatment process a certain temperature duration and heating or cooling velocity.Main chimney breast is a bunkering port again simultaneously, makes the heat treatment multipurpose furnace open a bunkering port less, and then heat-insulating property and condition of work can be better.When adding solid fuel, can leave in earlier on the horizontal plate of main outlet of chimney, because of main chimney lower end faces porous sphere grate, when twitching the horizontal plate of outlet flue, when outlet flue was increased, solid fuel just can fall into burner hearth from the hole of the horizontal plate of outlet flue.

It is controlled to the utlity model has programming rate, when being rapidly heated, only needs the 1.5-2 hour interior temperature of retort can reach about 800 ℃; Temperature control performance is good, the temperature in the retort generally can be controlled in ± 5 ℃ in; Heat-insulating property is better, generally after close air door and outlet flue, can be incubated 15-20 minute and just begin cooling, again can be cold soon, and therefore heat treated reliable in quality.Volume is little, and energy consumption is low, is that 800 millimeters multipurpose furnace is an example with the retort overall diameter, and productivity ratio is equivalent to 90 kilowatts of gas carbruizing furances, on average per hour uses 12-15 kilogram charcoal, adds to be used for temperature and atmosphere control appliance less than 1 kilowatt electric energy just.Removed simultaneously salt bath, pack carburizing with chemical toxicant to operating personnel's harm with to the pollution of environment.The heat treated various technological operations of various conventional heat treatment of carrying out and number of chemical are convenient, can both finish in a stove, alleviated working strength of workers greatly, and can make full use of the waste heat of stove, further improve energy-conservation effect and economic benefit.The outlying mountain area and the township enterprise that are suitable for few electricity use.Be convenient to promote.

Compare with electric furnace, the retort overall diameter is 800 millimeters a heat treatment multipurpose furnace, effectively swept volume is 260 liters, be 2 times of present 60 kilowatts of effective swept volumes of gas carburizing well-type electric furnace, be the cmu of the Soviet Union, 4.9/1065 kilowatt of gas carburizing does not have 1.82 times of the effective swept volume of Muffle pot well-type electric furnace, and investment can be saved (additional investment that does not still comprise the high-power power transmission and transformation device of electric furnace) about 1/2, equipment investment only needs about 10,000 yuan, only is 2/5 of well-type electric furnace.

Below with reference to accompanying drawing the utility model is described in further detail.

Fig. 1 is the utility model longitudinal profile structural representation.

Fig. 2 is the cutaway view of Fig. 1 along the A-A line.

Fig. 3 is a rectangle blast pipe front view.

Fig. 4 is a rectangle blast pipe vertical view.

Fig. 5 is the composite chimney front view.

Fig. 6 is the composite chimney vertical view.

With reference to Fig. 1, heat treatment multipurpose furnace outside one deck iron sheet 3 is clipped in heat-resisting heat-insulation layer 2 periphery of refractory brick 4, on the annular retort pad 10 that is built into by refractory brick of four craters 12 that evenly distribute, settling the ring groove shape retort 6 of adorning two kerosene pipes 7 and two ammonia pipes 8 in two lateral surface Lower Half symmetries, 6 centimetres at interval on the refractory brick 4 of its lateral surface and body of heater, constitute outer furnace chamber 5, the inwall of thermocouple sealed tube 9 from cannelure retort 6 middle parts through to its inboard face can be measured workpiece heating temperature in the retort 6 exactly.The tight-lipped bell iron sheet panel 1 that is covered with the heat-resisting heat-insulation layer 2 that has 10 cm thicks of ring groove shape retort.There is a slag notch 13 burner hearth 11 side on the furnace wall, and its bottom is one thick 15 millimeters a 1Cr18Ni9Ti porous sphere grate 14, and it is that 1 centimetre, pitch-row are 3 centimetres aperture that the surface of grate 14 evenly is covered with the aperture.An ash hole 16 and an air inlet 17 are arranged on the furnace wall, furnace bottom 15 side, external square blast pipe 18, adorning a self closing door in the pipe, movable air door plate 18a becomes 55 degree angles with rectangular tube, obliquely adorning a self closing door, movable air door plate 18a becomes 55 degree angles, oblique blast pipe 18 internal diameters that sealing with rectangular tube, by the balance weight 18c of adjustable distance on support bar that is contained in pipe exogenous wind door pivot 18b one end, determine the moment of movable air door plate 18a rotation.There is the pipe 19 of 2 symmetries to meet at the first half of main chimney 20 on both sides, furnace chamber 5 upper end, the Lower Half of pipe 19 and main chimney 20 has a horizontal plate 21,22 of outlet flue respectively, have a same big hole on the horizontal plate 21,22 of outlet flue with outlet flue, twitch the horizontal plate 21,22 of outlet flue, just can change the chimney breast cross-sectional sizes.The pipe 19 of the horizontal plate of outlet flue about in the of 21,22 all becomes flange to connect with main chimney 20.All become mechanical attachment between pipe 19, main chimney 20 and the outlet flue.The lower end of main chimney 20 is facing to porous sphere grate 14.

During operation, close slag notch 13 and ash hole 16 earlier, after 3 kilograms of charcoals are lighted outside stove, be added to from main throat on the grate 14 of burner hearth 11, add 5 kilograms of charcoals again, wind is sent in square blast pipe 18, self closing door is opened automatically, behind the charcoal burning, the one road from burner hearth 11 directly to the 6 medial surface heat supplies of ring groove shape retort, another road by crater 12 through furnace chamber 5 to the 6 lateral surface heat supplies of ring groove shape retort, they discharge waste heats through main chimney 20 and pipe 19 respectively again.Promptly add 5 kilograms in charcoal every half an hour, up to the temperature that ring groove shape retort 6 is heated to appointment at main throat like this.The size of control intake and outlet flue reaches temperature and programming rate is controlled.This just can carry out various conventional heat treatments (except that the high-speed steel quench hot).When carrying out thermo-chemical treatment, by the Technology for Heating Processing of working out in advance, supply kerosene or ammonia or kerosene and ammonia in accordance with regulations through kerosene pipe 7 and ammonia pipe 8 and feed in proportion, also can add other material again, number of chemical heat treatments such as the carburizing that just can realize expecting, nitriding, carbo-nitriding.

Claims (6)

1, the solid-fuelled heat treatment multipurpose furnace of a kind of usefulness, comprise bell [1], heat-insulation layer [2], the body of heater that furnace shell [3] and refractory brick [4] constitute, be divided into furnace chamber [5] in it, burner hearth [11], furnace bottom [15], in the retort [6] in the furnace chamber [5] thermocouple sealed tube [9] is arranged, burner hearth [11] has slag notch [13] on the furnace wall, side, ash hole [16] and air inlet [17] are arranged on furnace bottom [15] furnace wall, side, feature of the present utility model be adorn at ring groove shape retort [6] lateral surface several to kerosene pipe [7] and ammonia pipe [8], have several craters [12] that lead to furnace chamber [5] end by burner hearth [11] through retort pad [10], burner hearth [11] end is a porous sphere grate [14], the external rectangle blast pipe [18] that self closing door is housed of air inlet [17], central main chimney [20] and several pipes [19] constitute composite chimney.

2, heat treatment multipurpose furnace according to claim 1 is characterized in that the hollow hole of ring groove shape retort (6) is a truncated cone, 4-8 centimetre at interval on the refractory brick of columnar lateral surface and body of heater (4); Kerosene pipe (7) and ammonia pipe (8) that retort (6) lateral surface is controlled are equipped with respectively more than 2 or 2, respectively divide equally the Lower Half in retort (6).

3, heat treatment multipurpose furnace according to claim 1 is characterized in that crater (12) has more than 4 or 4, evenly divides at annular retort pad (10) all around.

4, heat treatment multipurpose furnace according to claim 1, it is characterized in that being uniform-distribution with on porous sphere grate (14) aperture is that 8-12 millimeter, pitch-row are the aperture of 30-40 millimeter.

5, heat treatment multipurpose furnace according to claim 1, it is characterized in that self closing door by becoming 50-70 degree angle to seal the movable air door plate (18a) of its internal diameter with rectangle blast pipe (18), and the balance weight (18c) that is contained on the support bar of pipe exogenous wind door pivot (18b) end constitutes.

6, heat treatment multipurpose furnace according to claim 1, it is characterized in that composite chimney meets at main chimney (20) by the pipe more than 2 or 2 (19) that links with furnace chamber (5) upper end outlet flue and constitutes, the Lower Half of pipe (19) and main chimney (20) all is provided with a horizontal plate of outlet flue (21,22), and main chimney (20) outlet is again a bunkering port.

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