CN86205331U - Power-saving high-efficiency heater - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a power-saving high-efficiency heater, which is a household electric heater, and is mainly composed of an evaporator, a heating pipe, a condenser, an air collecting pipe and a sealing valve. The heat of the heating pipe is efficiently released to the indoor air with the method of latent heat of vaporization through the continuous evaporation-condensation process of single substance or double-substance working fluid which is arranged in the sealing shell of the power-saving high-efficiency heater. Thereby, the energy is saved. The non-condensable gas generated in the sealing shell can be eliminated and the working medium can be refilled through the structure of the air collecting pipe and the sealing valve, so that the power-saving high-efficiency heater can maintain a best working state for a long time. Thereby, the power-saving high-efficiency heater has the advantages of low cost, fast startup, obviously effect of energy saving and long service life.

Description

Power-saving high-efficiency heater

The utility model is a kind of long-acting energy-saving warmer, is particularly suitable for the usefulness of family and office's warming.

General small-sized household warmer relies on the generate heat air of direct circumference or reach the purpose that room temperature is risen by the heat convection that is heated liquid in the container of heating.The subject matter of these two kinds of heating modes is that the thermal resistance of heat transfer medium is big, and heat transfer efficiency is low, wastes energy.In addition, preceding a kind of mode of heating makes people's heating surface that local scorching hot and excessive dry discomfort be arranged, and afterwards a kind of mode of heating then has oversize shortcoming with the equipment heaviness of starting time.

The purpose of this utility model be to propose a kind of heat transfer efficiency height, energy-saving effect significantly, fast, the long service life of starting, safe, comfortable, light household warming.

The scheme that solves is, with the metal-enclosed shell of a thin-walled hollow main housing as warmer, the part that this body shell top is with ribbing is the stram condenser of space heat release towards periphery, and the evaporimeter of forming warmer with the heating tube of the horizontal alignment that is in this part is divided in the nearly bottom in the body shell.Body shell is communicated with the metal closed container by what horizontal alignment and some thin-wall cases vertical orientated or other inclination angle orientation were formed, also can be the flat metal closed shell of placing vertically.The metal shell of heating tube coats the imbibition core of being made by fine metal mesh or degreasing fiber fabric, and the imbibition core also can be that shell is made up of the fine and closely woven triangular thread conduit that is machined to.Be to eliminate the sensitiveness of warmer service behaviour, preferably also serve as a contrast the imbibition core that last layer fine metal mesh or fabric are formed, also can on this bottom surface, be drawn into fine and closely woven axial slot at the inner bottom surface of body shell to the angle of inclination.One horizontal discharge is arranged at the body shell top, and this pipe is communicated with the top of all condensers.The upper position of discharge is provided with an able to turn on or off seal valve, the incoagulable gas in the body shell can be discharged by the sealing valve.Also can in body shell, inject the heat-transfer working medium that an amount of condensate liquid is made warmer by the sealing valve.In the operating temperature range of warmer of the present invention, water is optimal heat-transfer working medium, because it has high liquid transmission quality factor and harmless fully to human body.

Before the warmer encapsulation, inject working medium by seal valve and also the air in the body shell and other incoagulable gas are found time to discharge, then with this valve closure with the vacuum unit or with the boiling scavenging.When heating tube energising heating, the liquid working substance heat absorption evaporation on the imbibition core also is full of whole closed shell space.Because the pressure drop of steam core is minimum, therefore the whole vapor space is an isothermal, and equals the saturation temperature under this pressure.Steam condenses into liquid film or drop on the condenser wall, emit a large amount of latent heats of vaporization, and the heat transfer by wall makes indoor intensification.The liquid that condenses is because the gravity effect is flowed back to rapidly at the bottom of the evaporator shell, and the capillary pumped effect of imbibition core flattens liquid and is evenly distributed on the heating tube surface, the heat transfer cycle process of evaporating continuously-condensing.The heat transfer resistance of this evaporation-condense is very little, and its heat-transfer intensity is than big 1～2 order of magnitude of common conduction, convection current and radiation heat transfer, therefore energy savings significantly.

The distilled water of employing simple substance is made heat-transfer working medium and can be obtained very high heat transfer efficiency in the seal casinghousing of warmer, but because the compatibility requirement of working medium and material, make the metal material of making seal casinghousing only should select the metal material of handling such as copper or the light copper facing of stainless steel or surface or zinc or nickel chromium triangle for use, thereby cost is higher.The two matter mixed liquors that adopt mineral oil to form with evaporant are made heat-transfer working medium, though heat transfer efficiency low than simple substance distilled water can use the carbon steel or the aluminium alloy of cheapness to make raw material, technological requirement is also very low, thereby can reduce cost significantly.Mineral oil can be selected transformer oil or machinery oil for use, the various quenching oils that also can select for use conduction oil or heat treatment to use, evaporant then select for use can dissolve each other fully with base oil and hold mutually, to most of metals be inertia, the transmission quality factor is higher, boiling point is low, the liquid of enough dielectricities and explosion-proof is arranged, the halogen derivatives of methaneseries such as chloroform or carbon tetrachloride for example.The addition of evaporant is for mixing 10%～50% of liquid measure.Heating can directly be dipped in two matter mixed liquors, need not adopt the liquid cored structure.

When heating energising heating, the vaporization of seething with excitement rapidly of evaporant in the mixed liquor, steam bubble is taken away heat and quicken mixed liquor and flows, the a large amount of steam that evaporate are full of the closed shell space, and condense at the condenser wall, emit a large amount of latent heats of vaporization, the evaporant liquid of condensation flows back to container bottom and base oil dissolves each other again at gravity effect lower edge wall.The heat transfer type of this boiling-condense, heating strength is bigger 5～10 times than simple fluid body heat convection.For example, when temperature was 100 ℃, the exothermic coefficient of heating tube in straight mineral oil only was 270 watts/meter ²About ℃, and in the mineral oil liquid that adds 40% chloroform, exothermic coefficient can be up to 2500 watts/meter ²℃, increasing nearly nine times, visible energy-saving effect also is very significant.

Because the heat-transfer working medium amount in the body shell seldom, general 0.5～10% of the vome of shell that only accounts for, event is extremely short from the starting time that energising is heated to steady operation, be generally tens seconds to 3 minutes, and the conventional liquid warmer starting time is wanted about 15 minutes at least.

Slow seepage and the chemical reaction between working medium-case material or other reason owing to existing gas through weld seam or shell wall micropore behind the warmer work certain hour, will produce incoagulable gas in the seal casinghousing inevitably.These incoagulable gas accumulate in condenser overhead gradually under the driveing of steam, cause violent reduction of the warmer thermal efficiency even inefficacy.Warmer of the present invention is provided with discharge and able to turn on or off seal valve structure in the extreme higher position of body shell, by discharge and seal valve, can discharge at the hot incoagulable gas that will produce and infiltrate down, under cold conditions, can in housing, inject an amount of additional working medium, warmer is regenerated and remain good working order by said structure.Because discharge and seal valve structure are arranged, the body shell of warmer only need adopt common welding procedure, need not carry out strict airtight welding and employ the air-tightness that expensive helium mass analyzer carries out repeatedly and detect, also do not need housing and working medium are carried out special cleaning and degassing processing, the compatibility of material requires also lower.Cost is low, starting is fast so the present invention has, long-life and Remarkable Energy Saving advantage.

Description of drawings and embodiment

Fig. 1 is the front view of long-acting energy-saving warmer of the present utility model.Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 are respectively this warmer seal valve and evaporimeter profile.

Long-acting energy-saving warmer of the present utility model is made up of evaporimeter 1, condenser 2, fin 3, heating tube 4, imbibition core 5, discharge 6, seal valve 7, heat-transfer working medium 8, bearing 9 and some simple electrical equipment.Evaporimeter 1 and discharge 6 are the elongate tubular or the long trough housing of closed at both ends, lay respectively at the bottom and the top of warmer, and the axle orientation of evaporimeter is a level, and the axis of discharge and evaporimeter is in same plane.6 of evaporimeter 1 and discharges have plurality of rows condenser 2, and the orientation of condenser 2 is preferably perpendicular or angled with horizontal plane, and evaporimeter 1, condenser 2 and discharge 6 threes weld and constitute the closure casing that interconnects.Condenser 2 is U type pipes, also can be other thin-walled hollow housing.Radiated rib 3 is fixed on condenser 2 sides.Seal valve 7 is welded in the extreme higher position of discharge 6, sealing valve 7 is made up of the sealing valve head 72 that threaded valve body 71 and head are with airtight lining 73, the head of this valve head is taper or hemispheric or tack, the screw bottom shape of valve body 71 matches with valve head 72 shapes that are with seal cartridge 73, and valve head 72 and valve body 71 are connected by screw thread.Sealing valve head 72 also can be the threaded cup of inwall, be enclosed within outside the valve body 71 of through hole, 71 flexible liners 73 of valve head 72 and valve body, valve head 72 and valve body 71 both by seal with screwed joint.

Some heating tube 4 levels are installed in the bottom in the evaporimeter 1, and press close to diapire, and heating tube 4 is made up of metal shell 41, heating 42 and the magnesia powder 43 of filling therebetween, and magnesia powder plays electric insulation and heat transfer.Imbibition core 5 is coated on heating tube 4 appearances, and makes it to keep well contacting with the imbibition core of evaporimeter 1 diapire.Heating tube 4 one ends sealings, an end has ring flange, and is fixed on an end of evaporimeter 1 by screw and temperature resistant encapsulation packing ring, seals it with epoxy resin or other temperature resistant encapsulation agent.The heating tube that when heating damages, can more renew easily thus.

When using the distilled water heat-transfer working medium, base of evaporator still had micro liquid to be advisable when the distillation water yield in the seal casinghousing should be fully loaded with work with warmer.When using mineral oil to make working medium with two matter mixed liquors of evaporant, mixed liquor can the submergence heating tube be appropriate just when the amount of working medium should be fully loaded with work with warmer.

Be to guarantee the warmer operate as normal, be fixed with thermo bimetal's relay in the side of heating tube 4 and make temperature limiter 10 and is connected that the temperature upper limit of temperature limiter 10 is complied with used working medium and decided with the heating tube circuit.Also should connect the controlled safety switch 12 of producing the timer 11 of warmer working time and when warmer meets accident overturning, cutting off the heating tube heating current automatically on the heater circuit of heating tube 4.The warmer metal shell should have the ground protection line that prevents unexpected electric leakage.

Claims (9)

1, a kind of utilization evaporation--the electric heating device that the mode of condensing is conducted heat mainly is made up of evaporimeter, condenser, heat release fin, heat-transfer working medium and heating tube.The heating tube that it is characterized in that said warmer is sealed and installed with in the evaporimeter, and the top of condenser and discharge and seal valve connection.

2, warmer according to claim 1 is characterized in that evaporimeter (1), condenser (2) and discharge (6) are to be communicated with by the thin-wall metal shell more than to constitute.

3, warmer according to claim 1 is characterized in that seal valve (7) is fixedly mounted on the upper position of discharge (6).

4, warmer according to claim 1 is characterized in that being lined with imbibition core (5) on the interior diapire face of evaporimeter (1).

5, warmer according to claim 1 is characterized in that heating tube (4) is coated with imbibition core (5).

6, warmer according to claim 1, an end that it is characterized in that heating tube (4) by the ring flange fixing seal on an end face of evaporimeter (1).

7, warmer according to claim 1 is characterized in that radiated rib (3) is fixed on the outside of condenser (2).

8, warmer according to claim 1 is characterized in that heat-transfer working medium (8) is to adopt distilled water.

9, warmer according to claim 1 is characterized in that heat-transfer working medium (8) is two matter mixed liquors that mineral oil is formed with evaporant, and said evaporant is the halogen derivatives of methaneseries.

Images