CN86203921U - Peltier effect experimental instrument - Google Patents
Peltier effect experimental instrument Download PDFInfo
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- CN86203921U CN86203921U CN 86203921 CN86203921U CN86203921U CN 86203921 U CN86203921 U CN 86203921U CN 86203921 CN86203921 CN 86203921 CN 86203921 U CN86203921 U CN 86203921U CN 86203921 U CN86203921 U CN 86203921U
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- thermometer
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Abstract
The utility model relates to peltier effect experimental instrument, belonging to teaching instrument in physics use. N-shaped semiconductors and P-shaped semiconductors are chosen to form a plurality of galvanic couples. When the direct current goes to N and P-shaped, right end of the galvanic couples absorbs heat, cold end is formed, and a transparency cold room is connected; left end of the galvanic couples discharges heat, heat end is formed, and a heat discharge water tank is connected. Peltier effect and Seebeck effect can be demonstrated when matching with a thermometer and a millivoltmeter, having the characteristics of convenient and visual. The utility model is a teaching cold source of convenient, visual, clean, no toxic, no chilled, being a cold source to demonstrate the thermotics phenomenon.
Description
The utility model belongs to the instruments used for education that physics is used.
Prior art does not still have instrument and the method demonstration Peltier effect of determining (electric altitude temperature difference effect) in physics teaching.Prior art is demonstrated Seebeck effect (thermoelectric effect) in physics teaching be to adopt an end of the galvanic couple that two kinds of metals of calcination copper iron are unified into, make two ends produce the temperature difference, thus with microampere meter that the ferroelectric even two ends of copper link to each other on see the slightly method of deflection of pointer.Prior art does not still have the abnormal expansion phenomenon of the method demonstration water of determining in physics teaching.Prior art is demonstrated dew point and relative humidity in physics teaching mensuration is to adopt the method for ether volatilization refrigeration.Prior art demonstrates distillation in physics teaching and the phenomenon of sublimating is to adopt the method for heating and cooling iodine.Prior art is demonstrated crystal in physics teaching melting and solidification phenomenon is to adopt the method for heating fusion and cooled and solidified naphthalene, but experimental result is inaccurate.Prior art is demonstrated convection current and conduction of velocity in the liquid heat transfer mode in physics teaching relatively is the method that adopts the test tube bottom of heating filled with water to compare.
The purpose of this utility model provides a kind of convenience, and directly perceived, outstanding effect instruments used for education are used thermometer and can demonstrate Peltier effect (electric altitude temperature difference effect); Be used thermometer and milivoltmeter and can demonstrate Seebeck effect (thermoelectric effect).
Another purpose of the present utility model is for a kind of teaching low-temperature receiver being provided, being used following calorifics laboratory in thermometer, the demonstration physics: the comparison of convection current and conduction of velocity in the melting and solidification phenomenon of the mensuration of abnormal expansion phenomenon, dew point and the relative humidity of water, distil and sublimate phenomenon, crystal and the liquid heat transfer mode.
Accompanying drawing is a synoptic diagram of the present utility model.
The utility model is used to demonstrate Peltier effect, experimental technique is: inject the tap water of uniform temp as shown in drawings in cooling water tank (1) and transparent cold house (2), and insert the middle part of thermometer (4) and (8) to transparent cold house and cooling water tank from thermometer hole (3) and (7) respectively.Standby glass bar (6) inserts the bottom of transparent cold house from another thermometer hole (5).The K that closes a switch, through insurance B energized, transformer T with the 220V alternating current respectively step-down be 6V and 4V.The 6V alternating current is for pilot lamp L; The 4V alternating current becomes direct current after commutator tube D1, D2 and capacitor C filtering.When direct current flow to a plurality of galvanic couples that N-type semiconductor on the cold drawing BZ and P-type semiconductor form to the time, galvanic couple absorbs heat to right-hand member, is cold junction, thermometer (4) is the water temperature decline of the transparent cold house (2) that links to each other with cold junction of indication obviously; The left end heat release is the hot junction, and thermometer (8) obviously indicates the water temperature of the cooling water tank (1) that links to each other with the hot junction to rise.Said process has been demonstrated Peltier effect (electric altitude temperature difference effect), promptly galvanic couple on when flowing through direct current, the transfer of energy takes place, an end heat release, other end heat absorption, two ends produce tangible temperature difference.
The utility model is used to demonstrate Seebeck effect, experimental technique is: the Inlet and outlet water of cooling water tank (1) upper end is chewed the connection chilled water, switched on about 10 minutes by previous experiments again, see when the interior water in transparent cold house (2) begins to freeze, cut off the electricity supply rapidly, replace chilled water in cooling water tank (1), to flow through with boiling water.Standby direct current milivoltmeter (available universal electric meter or demonstration ammeter) is connected to the N-P galvanic couple to two ends, and ammeter is indicated at once.Note observing the difference of thermometer (4) and (8) simultaneously, the temperature difference is bigger, and electric potential difference is also bigger; Vice versa.Said process has been demonstrated Seebeck effect (thermoelectric effect), promptly is added in the temperature difference at two ends, and galvanic couple will produce electric potential difference to two ends.
The utility model is used to demonstrate the abnormal expansion phenomenon of water, and experimental technique is: the thermometer hole (7) of cooling water tank (1) is blocked with rubber stopper, connects chilled water again, injects pure water to transparent cold house (2).Thermometer (4) inserts the top of transparent cold house (2) from thermometer hole (3), and another thermometer replaces glass bar (6) as shown in drawings to insert the bottom of transparent cold house (2) from thermometer hole (5).Experiment is noted observing two thermometer number of degrees variations in the transparent cold house (2), and is performed record at the beginning.Observation and record show: bottom, transparent before this cold house (2) water temperature descends very fast, and the top water temperature descends slowly.The top water temperature is higher than the bottom water temperature.When bottom water temperature drop to 4 ℃, no longer descend, the top water temperature continues to drop to below 4 ℃ up to 0 ℃, and at this moment the top water temperature is lower than the bottom water temperature.This process has shown the thermal expansion character of water: identical more than 4 ℃ with general object, i.e. and heat expansion shrinkage, but between 4 ℃ to 0 ℃, be the pyrocondensation cold expanding.Therefore, 4 ℃ water, no matter temperature raises or reduction, and volume all will increase, and density all will reduce.Density maximum when having only 4 ℃.
The utility model is used to demonstrate the mensuration of dew point and relative humidity, experimental technique is: the thermometer hole (7) of cooling water tank (1) is blocked with rubber stopper, connect chilled water again, not water filling in the transparent cold house (2), thermometer (4) inserts transparent cold house (2) from thermometer hole (3), and another thermometer hole (5) is blocked with rubber stopper.Energising refrigeration.Experiment begins to note to observe near the cold house's outer wall near the thermometer bulb, reveals when dripping when occurring one deck on the wall, and this chronothermometer temperature indicative is exactly a dew point.Saturation vapor pressure when finding dew point from the water saturation steam gauge, the absolute humidity when being the existing room temperature of air is represented with alphabetical P.Find the saturation vapor pressure of existing room temperature again, represent with alphabetical P.Can obtain relative humidity B=(P)/(P) * 100%.
The utility model is used for the demonstration distillation and the phenomenon of sublimating, and experimental technique is: cooling water tank (1) is connected chilled water, and not water filling in transparent cold house (2) is blocked three thermometer holes with rubber stopper.Energising refrigeration white frost will occur at cold drawing BZ right-hand member, and this is that the cold crystal structure that becomes of airborne steam chance forms.This phenomenon is exactly the sublimating of contained steam in the air.Stop refrigeration, frost evaporates into steam soon.Distillation phenomenon that Here it is.
The utility model is used to demonstrate the melting and solidification phenomenon of crystal, and experimental technique is: cooling water tank (1) thermometer hole (7) is blocked with rubber stopper, connects chilled water again, and transparent cold house (2) inject tap water.The thermometer hole (3) of transparent cold house (2) inserts thermometer (4), and another thermometer hole (5) is inserted a glass bar (6) to the bottom.Energising refrigeration is to certain hour, and the water in the transparent cold house begins to freeze, and continues refrigeration, notes observing and can find water in freezing process, and temperature remains unchanged, and this is the process of setting of crystal.Outage stops refrigeration, and ice fuses into water, and in fusion processes, temperature also remains unchanged, and this is the fusion processes of crystal.
The utility model is used for demonstrating the comparison of convection current of liquid heat transfer mode and conduction of velocity, and promptly in the abnormal expansion experiment of water, transparent cold house (2) bottom water temperature changes fast, and the top water temperature changes slow.Because bottom heat is main the transmission with the convection type, top heat is main the transmission with the conduction pattern.This shows that in the thermaltransmission mode of water, convection velocity is greater than conduction of velocity.
The utility model is applied to physics educational apparatus demonstration Peltier effect with cooling technique of semiconductor, has solved the problem that does not have definite instrument to demonstrate this effect in the prior art; Be used for the demonstration Seebeck effect, compared with prior art, have conveniently, the advantage of directly perceived, successful; Be used for the abnormal expansion phenomenon of demonstration water, solved the problem of no concrete instrument in the prior art; Be used for that demonstration steam is sublimated and frost distillation phenomenon, the natural phenomena that can form in particular season, particular locality, long period was reproduced out with the time of a few minutes; Be used for the melting and solidification phenomenon of demonstration crystal, experimental result is more accurate than prior art, reaches desirable effect. The utility model is applied to demonstrate aforementioned calorifics phenomenon, compared with the prior art, provides a kind of refrigerant, convenience, directly perceived, cleaning of not needing, and to the teaching low-temperature receiver of experimenter's nonhazardous.
Claims (2)
1, the utility model is the instruments used for education that a kind of physics is used, it is right to it is characterized in that selecting for use N-type semiconductor and P-type semiconductor to form a plurality of galvanic couples, form cold drawing, when direct current flow to N-P type galvanic couple to the time, galvanic couple absorbs heat to right-hand member, forms cold junction, connect a transparent cold house, galvanic couple forms the hot junction to the left end heat release, connects a cooling water tank.
2, instruments used for education as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that two thermometer holes are arranged in the transparent cold house, and a thermometer hole is arranged on the cooling water tank.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 86203921 CN86203921U (en) | 1986-05-26 | 1986-05-26 | Peltier effect experimental instrument |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 86203921 CN86203921U (en) | 1986-05-26 | 1986-05-26 | Peltier effect experimental instrument |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN86203921U true CN86203921U (en) | 1987-07-15 |
Family
ID=4807107
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 86203921 Withdrawn CN86203921U (en) | 1986-05-26 | 1986-05-26 | Peltier effect experimental instrument |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN86203921U (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103927925A (en) * | 2014-04-28 | 2014-07-16 | 蚌埠市创新科普产品工程研究中心有限公司 | Semi-conductor refrigerating demonstrator |
| CN104797077A (en) * | 2015-04-09 | 2015-07-22 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Circuit board heat radiator of downhole water distributor |
| CN105355120A (en) * | 2015-09-17 | 2016-02-24 | 皖西学院 | Thermocouple motor demonstration device |
| CN109147508A (en) * | 2018-09-17 | 2019-01-04 | 胡兴源 | One kind is expanded with heat and contract with cold and pyrocondensation cold expanding experimental demonstration device |
| CN111696413A (en) * | 2019-03-14 | 2020-09-22 | 浙江赛美克电子科技有限公司 | Peltier physical effect and Seebeck physical effect demonstration teaching aid |
| CN115235682A (en) * | 2022-09-21 | 2022-10-25 | 无锡芯感智半导体有限公司 | Packaging structure and method of MEMS pressure sensor |
-
1986
- 1986-05-26 CN CN 86203921 patent/CN86203921U/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103927925A (en) * | 2014-04-28 | 2014-07-16 | 蚌埠市创新科普产品工程研究中心有限公司 | Semi-conductor refrigerating demonstrator |
| CN104797077A (en) * | 2015-04-09 | 2015-07-22 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Circuit board heat radiator of downhole water distributor |
| CN104797077B (en) * | 2015-04-09 | 2017-07-11 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | A kind of circuit board radiating device of downhole water flow regulator |
| CN105355120A (en) * | 2015-09-17 | 2016-02-24 | 皖西学院 | Thermocouple motor demonstration device |
| CN105355120B (en) * | 2015-09-17 | 2018-04-20 | 皖西学院 | A kind of thermocouple motor apparatus for demonstrating |
| CN109147508A (en) * | 2018-09-17 | 2019-01-04 | 胡兴源 | One kind is expanded with heat and contract with cold and pyrocondensation cold expanding experimental demonstration device |
| CN111696413A (en) * | 2019-03-14 | 2020-09-22 | 浙江赛美克电子科技有限公司 | Peltier physical effect and Seebeck physical effect demonstration teaching aid |
| CN115235682A (en) * | 2022-09-21 | 2022-10-25 | 无锡芯感智半导体有限公司 | Packaging structure and method of MEMS pressure sensor |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C19 | Lapse of patent right due to non-payment of the annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |