CN86108438A

CN86108438A - Double-circul type of internal-combustion engine

Info

Publication number: CN86108438A
Application number: CN 86108438
Authority: CN
Inventors: 姜凤阁
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1986-12-19
Filing date: 1986-12-19
Publication date: 1988-07-13

Abstract

The invention provides a kind of New Rotary internal-combustion engine, the characteristics of this machine are the crankshaft angles losses that has overcome internal-combustion piston engine, the inertia loss when loss of connecting rod angle and reciprocating motion of the pistons etc.; Also overcome gas turbine to the loss of combustion steam pressure loss and combustion steam flow etc.The pressure that this internal combustion function is produced during with fuel combustion is directly changed into the needed rotary torsion of runner.The arc steam passage working stroke of this machine is longer in addition, surpasses 180 °, can reach about 270 °.The efficient of double-circul type of internal-combustion engine will be higher than internal-combustion piston engine and combustion steamer.

Description

The invention provides a kind of double-circul type internal combustion engine of continuous rotation.It mainly be by: be fixed on annulus, inside between two disks and be equipped with runner less than circle diameter, installation way with decentraction makes the space steam passage that forms between runner, annulus and two disks as " crescent moon " shape, and being contained in slide block on the runner, this slide block is by sliding in the steam passage of " crescent moon " shape space and the Shen contracts etc. that parts form.When vapour inequality (gas) pressure acted on the slide block two sides, slide block slided in the steam passage of " crescent moon " shape space, thereby made the runner rotation, produced torsion.

Three kinds of main types such as rotator type that existing internal-combustion engine has the piston type turbo type and also is not used widely.Internal-combustion piston engine (being called for short piston machine later on) and turbo type internal-combustion engine (being called for short turbo machine later on) developing history are long, become better and approaching perfection day by day, and have obtained using widely, are the mankind's civilization and the progressive significant role that plays.Consider piston machine except normal frictional loss, the angle loss of angle loss, connecting rod and the bent axle of inertia loss, connecting rod and piston when also existing piston and coming and going etc., turbo machine also has vapour pressure loss and steam flow loss etc.These losses of above-mentioned two kinds of internal-combustion engines, the effective way that is not still overcome at present.

The purpose of this invention is to provide and a kind ofly can overcome unnecessary loss, have the better seal performance again, make combustion vapour or have the gas of certain pressure, the overwhelming majority all is used for producing moment and the diesel machine of work done, improves mechanical efficiency.

The present invention is achieved in that place, its plane is provided with the circle groove on a disk with heat radiation water channel, and two peripheries of an annulus are had the one side of raised step, is bumped among the disk groove.The runner of a diameter less than annulus is installed in annulus, the axle center of runner and the center of circle of annulus adopt the mode of decentraction to assemble, causing is " crescent moon " shape steam passage that forms broad on one side, and another side is runner and ring gap minimum, the sealing part that can not rub mutually again.Be provided with on the runner can contract in free Shen in steam passage slide block, its effect is directly to bear the combustion steam pressure, drives the runner rotation.On runner and annulus, seal ring, sealing block and seal valve etc. also are installed, leak to stop combustion vapour Vent.Also to have at last one with above-mentioned identical disk, cover on annulus, fix, form one runner seals steam passage device therein.Conclude and to be exactly: two disks, therebetween set annulus is equipped with a runner in the ring, and its runner shaft is installed on the axis hole of two disks with ball bearing again, two circular knitting machines of Here it is single steam passage.(cylinder of similar piston machine) if there are three disks, two annulus of therebetween set, in two runners are housed, two circular knitting machines of Here it is two steam passages.By that analogy, two circular knitting machines also can be made up of a plurality of steam passages.In order to offset the vibration that causes owing to decentraction, the phase difference of two steam passage decentraction is 180 °, if three steam passages its 120 ° of phase differences are installed, in addition, because of the thickness difference of steam passage, the weight of slide block is also inequality.Cooperate so must both consider angle, consider that again weight cooperates, offset vibration, reach smooth operation.If using of combiner two circular knitting machines and piston machine are compared, then the cylinder of the similar piston machine of annulus; Disc-like is like the cylinder cap of piston machine; The piston of the similar piston machine of slide block; The bent axle of the similar piston machine of runner.This all is the metaphor of saying from effect.

The present invention has power consumption low compared with the prior art, vibrates little saving grace.Save energy problem for clarity, existing is example with the piston machine, illustrates comparison by the curve of figure nine.Figure nine (one) is a piston machine running schematic representation, and figure nine (two) is piston, connecting rod, bent axle free-body diagram, and figure nine (three) is two stressed rotation diagrams of circular knitting machine, and figure nine (four) is piston machine and two circular knitting machine power consumption comparison diagrams.Starting point or the start-phase of four figure among the figure nine are identical, and their ordinate is pressure (P), horizontal ordinate be bent axle (or runner) angle of swing (

).The a curve is that the piston machine working stroke begins, (piston is begun to move down by top dead center, bent axle then turns round along the direction of arrow since 0 °) run to lower dead center to piston, the combustion vapour that bent axle has ended when having changeed 180 ° is to the pressure diagram of piston head, the decline of curve is curved down suddenly, expression steam discharge door is done sth. in advance 50 °～60 ° and is opened pressure decline.The b curve is Vertical direction and the formed pressure loss line of connecting rod angle that piston is stressed, and claims that it is the cosine loss, so connecting rod is passed to the power of bent axle, actual is the b line.The c curve is the actual effective torque curve that is subjected to of bent axle, claims that it is sinusoidal loss, and among 180 ° of crankshaft rotating, the actual torsion that obtains is a contained area of (having become shape) sinusoidal curve.The e curve is in working stroke finishes, and also has the gas of several pressure in the cylinder, and power consumption discharges when needing piston stroking upward, has done negative work, and it offsets a bit to go down to the contained area of c line again like this.The d curve is that two circular knitting machines fire the pressure diagram that produces when vapour break out, and also is the pressure diagram that acts on the slide block, also is the actual effective torque curve that is subjected to of runner.Inertia equal loss when it has overcome connecting rod angle (cosine) loss, crankshaft angles (sine) loss of piston machine and reciprocating motion of the pistons, combustion vapour acting " distance " has also surpassed 180 °.As long as the torsion that the combustion steam pressure produces is greater than the needed torsion of load, then just rotation of runner, acting so it does not remain the problem that vapour pressure is excluded, are not done the problem of negative work yet.As seen, double-circul type of internal-combustion engine is raised the efficiency about one times than internal-combustion piston engine from the analysis contrast of figure nine.

The invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.

Figure one is that double-circul type of internal-combustion engine constitutes schematic representation.

Figure two is the two circle internal-combustion engine assembling schematic representation with two steam passages.

Figure three is runner, seal ring, the sealing block views in two circular knitting machines.

Figure four is figure three side views.

Figure five is annulus front views.

Figure six is plan views of figure five.

Figure seven is views of seal valve.

Figure eight is that slide block is formed schematic representation.

Figure nine is piston IC engine and two circle internal-combustion engine loss comparison diagrams.

Figure ten is the two circular knitting machine sketches with three slide blocks.

Figure 11 is the two circular knitting machine sketches with two slide blocks.

The working principle of double-circul type of internal-combustion engine at first is described with reference to figure one.By the defeated next combustion gas mixing vapour (5) of vaporizer, through the porthole of opening by timing mechanism (not drawing) (3), and be sent to firing chamber (2), porthole (3) turn-off transient, spark plug (1) igniting, the high-pressure gas of outburst enters steam passage (6), and this moment, high-pressure gas all produced the pressure that equates on by all directions in the steam passage of sealing because slide block (8) has been sealed steam passage.Act on the pressure (P) on slide block (8) unit area, multiply by slide block area (S), multiply by the length (H) that slide block is located to runner axle center distance " 0 " again, then equal moment (M).

That is:

P·S·H＝M

In the steam passage more than slide block, have slide block (8) only and can " 0 " do the circumference rotation around the axle center,, drive runner (12) and rotate along " F " direction so slide block (8) slides along " crescent moon " shape steam passage (6) under the vapour pressure effect because of runner (12).Because contract in the free Shen of slide block (8), so it in slip, can seal steam passage (6) all the time.When slide block (8) slipped over exhaust hole (23), waste vapour was discharged from.Slide block (8) produces the radian of power in steam passage can be above 180 °.

In order to prevent gas reflux, except runner (12) and annulus (13) sealing part are designed to the minimum clearance, also be provided with seal valve (24), be installed on the annulus within " reaping hook " shape keyway (26), the tension force of seal valve spring (25) makes seal valve (24) contact the outer rim of runner (12) all the time.The afterbody of seal valve (24) has a step (28) that becomes 90 ° of projectioies, is that pressure is crossed favourable opposition and played seal valve (24) and be provided with when preventing the combustion gas outburst.

Annulus (13) has two kinds of design proposals, and a kind of is open design, and as accompanying drawing of the present invention, shape is a disjunct annulus of head and the tail, and (18) among the figure five are its openings.Purpose is to be convenient to install, to adjust, and this scheme needs adjusting, fixing tile (27), with its attachment openings place.Whole erection groove (18) has individual inclination, in order that slide block can steadily be slipped over, reduces vibration.Another kind is an open design not, and it is one 360 ° whole annulus for (this scheme is not drawn), and boring and milling " reaping hook " shape groove (26) is installed seal valve (24) more therein.Open design except " reaping hook " shape groove (26) top does not have opening (18), also is not that circle ring inner wall is provided with a rib in its bottom, so that slide block (8) steadily slips over along this rib.

Structure, working condition with reference to two (still to a plurality of) steam passages of figure two explanation double-circul type of internal-combustion engine.The double-circul type internal combustion engine preferably is made up of two or more steam passages, and purpose is to adopt two steam passages that the way of 180 ° of phase differences is installed on the one hand, offsets vibration; On the other hand, because that a steam passage when runner rotates two Week, just can be finished is air-breathing, compression, work and exhaust process, two circular knitting machines of two steam passages then can utilize two mutual alternations of steam passage, finish above-mentioned four processes, and running is reached steadily, continuously.

(13) among the figure two are annulus, and (12) are runners, and (8) are the slide blocks that the Shen goes out, and (11) are the public axis hole of upper and lower covers, intermediate clapboard and runner positions.(29) be the cooling water channel of dividing plate and two lids, (52) are the rings of cooling water channel, this ring be two lids or dividing plate are divided into two-layer, middle empty, for cooling water flow circuit therein.(56) be two the lid or dividing plate on circular groove, in order to the projection step (14) (seeing figure six) on the insert annulus (12).Two circular knitting machines of a plurality of steam passages combination are assembled into one by screw rod etc. at last.

With reference to figure three explanation two circle internal combustion engine runner and seal arrangements.Circular groove (48) is arranged on runner (12), there is the position to decide hole (75) in the groove, locating stud (74) is arranged on seal ring (21), after being enclosed within little spring (79) on the locating stud (74), seal ring (21) etc. is together put among the runner groove (48), made locating stud aim at positioning hole.The quantity of seal ring depends on the needs, and this figure has only drawn the signal of one deck seal ring.The seal ring (21) of two of runner sides like this, under the effect of little spring (79), outwards rising touches on the inner plane of end cap and dividing plate, sealing combustion vapour.(77) be the breach that the slide block assembly is installed, (76) be runner indentation, there keyway, sealing block (7) is put among the keyway (76), the centre is placed with shell fragment (78), sealing block (7) is under shell fragment (78) effect like this, touch two sides of slide block (8), when contracting in the slide block Shen, it can seal combustion gas.Centrifugal hammer (28) is in order to offset when high speed rotating slide block (8) to the pressure on the circle ring inner wall.Its tip links to each other with (89) (figure eight) in the slide block.(88) be that centrifugal hammer (28) " is stirred " the reciprocating jack of slide block (8).(4) be steam transmitting pipe, its effect is that admission door (figure one) (3) is reached the combustion gas mixing vapour that (17) suck in, and is sent in the next working procedure through this pipe and goes.

Structure with reference to figure five, figure six explanation annulus.The position of admission opening (17) and exhaust hole (23) is determining pair length of circle internal-combustion engine steam passage radians, and their shape is circular.(2) be spark plug sparking hole, spark plug is lighted gas in this sparking, and the sparking hole of spark plug can be an one with admission door (17) also.(72) be the hole (seeing figure one) of laying little spring (25), (71) are the screws of installation, secured adjusted tile (27).(18) being the opening of annulus with (26), also is the ad hoc keyway that seal valve (24) is installed, and it is inclined, in order that slide block can slip over through herein the time reposefully continuously.The projection step (14) on annulus both sides is to be provided with in order to be installed among the lid or the annulus groove of dividing plate.

Figure eight is slide block structure and erection drawing.Sealing between slide block and end cap and the dividing plate is to be finished by the slide block (62) of paying that is installed on the slide block (8).Pay slide block (62) and be provided with step (84) and locating stud (86), slide block (8) is provided with spill mouth (87) and positioning hole (63).Spring (85) is enclosed within on the locating stud (86), insert again within the positioning hole (63), pay slide block so then under the effect of spring (85), outwards part a little, remain with upper and lower covers (figure twos') (64), (53) and contact, to reach the purpose of sealing combustion vapour with intermediate clapboard (39).The assembling situation of slide block is: ball combination (10) is put in the slide block ball grooves (81), slide block (8) is put among the slide block box (11) together with ball combination (10) again, build loam cake then, be screwed tight.At last the slide block assembly that assembles is put among the runner breach (77), adjusted, fix.Slide block is because of under the effect of spring (9) and ball combination (10) at this moment, contracts freely in the Shen.

Figure ten is the schematic representation with two circle internal-combustion engines of three slide blocks.Its working condition is: admission door (3) is opened, and steam discharge door (15) is closed, and runner (12) is done pin rotation between up time, the descending suction vapour of slide block " 1 " this moment, after changeing 120 ° approximately, slide block " 2 " is crossed the admission door, is inhaled vapour, and then changeing 120 ° again is that slide block " 3 " is inhaled vapour.Admission door (3) is closed then, slide block " 1 " has changeed 180 ° again after 360 ° having turned round, admission door (3) is closed when being in the position of 9 on hour hands approximately, beginning compressed mixed combustion vapour, because seal valve (24) and very little obstructs such as two circles gap are arranged, so compression combustion vapour is delivered to firing chamber (admission door) side by steam transmitting pipe (4), when the tail end of steam transmitting pipe is in the minimum place, gap of two circles, the plug ignition outburst, after changeing 120 ° again, be the combustion vapour outburst that slide block " 2 " is pressed, changeing 120 ° again is the combustion vapour outburst that slide block " 3 " is pressed.When the stroke of slide block " 3 " compression combustion vapour had just slided into steam discharge door (15), the steam discharge door was opened, and slide block this moment " 1 " is got rid of waste vapour, then is slide block " 2 ", slide block " 3 " waste discharge vapour.Their work characteristics is: it is to prepare for slide block " 2 " compression combustion vapour that slide block " 1 " is inhaled vapour; It then is to prepare for slide block " 3 " compression that slide block " 2 " is inhaled vapour; It is again to prepare for slide block " 1 " compression that slide block " 3 " is inhaled vapour; The suction vapour of three slide blocks, compression, outburst, steam discharge carry out in succession, are exactly that slide block " 1 " is inhaled vapour, the back also all be the vapour process of inhaling, slide block " 1 " compression, other slide block is and then compression also, slide block " 1 " outburst, steam discharge, other slide blocks also break out, steam discharge; Runner rotation Liang Week finishes said process.When compression process ends, during the igniting beginning, the position at place, two formed spaces of compression combustion vapour slide block is, being in annulus and runner minimum clearance the right is that admission door volume on one side is about 4/5, the volume that is in the minimum clearance left side is about 1/5, when spark ignitor, the combustion vapour outburst work of the right 4/5 volume, the combustion vapour of the left side 1/5 volume because of have seal valve institute every, add that again the runner high speed rotating makes compressed combustion vapour be the high velocity jet state, and do not lighted, having only after the slide block of back slips over seal valve, combustion vapour can all burn.So just formed between Shun of outburst working stroke, the outburst of double-circul type of internal-combustion engine burning is carried out respectively, carry out successively in other words conj.or perhaps, playing a part the reserve power or the power that continues aspect the generation power, this also is a saving grace of double-circul type combustion machine.

Figure 11 is the two circle internal-combustion engine schematic representation with two slide blocks, and its working method is identical as process as described in to figure ten.

Claims

1, makes up (8) and advance the double-circul type of internal-combustion engine that steam discharge mechanism forms by annulus (13), end cap (53) and (64), runner (12), slide block, it is characterized in that because the center of circle of the axle center of runner (12) and annulus (13) is to adopt excentric mode to install, thereby between annulus (13), runner (12) and end cap (53) (64), form " crescent moon " shape space, be steam passage (6), be provided with into steam exhaust device at the two ends of steam passage (6).

2, double-circul type of internal-combustion engine according to claim 1 is characterized in that annulus (13), runner (12) adopt excentric mode to install, so on one side to have formed be " crescent moon " shape steam passage of broad, another side is exactly very narrow steam passage sealing part.

3, double-circul type of internal-combustion engine steam passage sealing part according to claim 2 is characterized in that sealing part is provided with the seal combination of seal valve (24), seal valve spring (25) composition.

4, double-circul type of internal-combustion engine according to claim 1 is characterized in that runner (12) is provided with seal ring (21), sealing block (7), is provided with sealing and pays slide block (62) on slide block (8), has formed the slide block seal combination.

5, double-circul type of internal-combustion engine according to claim 1 is characterized in that being provided with in the runner (12) the combustion vapour pressure delivery pipe (4) that contracts.