CN86106018A - Microparticle flow-measuring method and coke powder flowmeter - Google Patents
Microparticle flow-measuring method and coke powder flowmeter Download PDFInfo
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- CN86106018A CN86106018A CN 86106018 CN86106018A CN86106018A CN 86106018 A CN86106018 A CN 86106018A CN 86106018 CN86106018 CN 86106018 CN 86106018 A CN86106018 A CN 86106018A CN 86106018 A CN86106018 A CN 86106018A
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Abstract
The present invention is a kind of microparticle weight flow measuring method and coke powder weight flow meter, can be non-contactly, and the real-time traffic of micrometer particle continuously safely.It is characterized in that utilizing microwave to run into the flow velocity that characteristic that the moving particles group produces Doppler shift is determined microparticle; Utilize microwave to pass the characteristic that the finite concentration particulate is attenuated again, and determine microparticle concentration, determine the weight flow of microparticle according to concentration and flow velocity.The present invention can be used for industries such as generating, metallurgy, manufacture of cement, cereal processing, chimney dust-exhausting quantity, and can be used as the automatic alarming instrument table of the disconnected coal fire extinguishing of coal-burning boiler.Measuring accuracy reaches 0.5%.
Description
The invention belongs to the method for utilizing microwave measurement fluid or mobile solid material weight flow, and the coke powder weight flow meter for using this method to design.
About the measurement of micro particulate materials such as coal dust, coke powder flow in delivery pipe, though method is numerous both at home and abroad, never have a kind of be realize continuously, the measuring method of high precision, low cost, safe operation.The method that adopts in the world has Mechanical Method, volumetric method, gravimetric method at present, and these three kinds of methods can not realize the continuous coverage instantaneous delivery because of it, and operation is heavy, has limited the application aspect industrial process control in real time.It is the most advanced that the noncontact method is measured the isotope method that adopts with the U.S., West Germany, Japan, but isotope is harmful, contaminated environment.Among the United States Patent (USP) U.S4423-623 " flowing mixture microwave measurement meter (Microwave meter for fluid mixtures) " the 8th: a kind of method (Amethod of measuring the flow rate of a hcterog enous mixture of ingredients) of measuring non-homogeneous composite material flow rate ratio is a kind of microwave measurement flow rate ratio method.The method of testing of this known technology is can therefrom pass mobile waveguide with a testing mixture, an emitting probe is housed on the tube wall, apart from the emitting probe certain distance one detector probe is arranged, microwave is propagated from emitting probe in waveguide, receive probe received signal from the microwave signal that transmits again, handle to the received signal, just can determine the characteristic frequency of waveguide or the wavelength of propagation wave, this characteristic frequency or wavelength are relevant with the ingredients of a mixture in the waveguide.Second pair, the 3rd pair transmits and receives these characteristics that probe has been determined other positions of waveguide.Be discrepant between these characteristic frequencies, this unevenness by composite material in the pipe causes, frequency difference is carried out relevant treatment, with partition method each composition in the potpourri is calibrated respectively again, just obtains the flow rate ratio of potpourri.This known technology though realized contactless continuous measuring, still has following deficiency: 1. only measured the flow rate ratio of composite material, record weight flow separately, also will increase other means of testing; Accuracy guarantee not because probe can only be surveyed place local in the waveguide, even use many to the also difficult measuring error of eliminating fluid skewness on the section and causing; 3. maximum caliber has only at 3/4 o'clock, has limited practical ranges.
Purpose of the present invention, aim to provide a kind of non-contacting, can record the method for testing of microparticle weight flow instantaneous value, unrestricted, the handling safety of diameter of conveying pipe continuously, and use the method design coke powder weight flow meter.
Ultimate principle of the present invention is: utilize the microwave emitting antenna, launch two way microwave signals from both direction to detected materials, the one tunnel is to utilize microwave to run into the characteristic that Doppler effect promptly takes place motion microparticle group, records Doppler shift, microparticle group's flow velocity V is determined in frequency displacement whereby; Another road is to utilize microwave to pass the microparticle group time, and the pad value of its power and the concentration dependent characteristic of microparticle group record microparticle concentration, determines the weight flow of microparticle again according to concentration and flow velocity and duff pipe bore.
Accompanying drawing 1 is the theory diagram of microparticle weight flow measuring method of the present invention.Wherein (1) is microwave source, and (2) are power dividers, and (3) are emitting antennas, and (4) carry the microparticle pipeline, and (5) are frequency mixer, and (6) are receiving antennas, and (7) are wave detectors, and (8) are signal amplifiers, and (9) are the intelligence computation devices.
The key step of this method is as follows:
(1), the microwave signal F that produces of microwave source (1), behind power divider (2), be divided into two way microwave signals, the one tunnel removes frequency mixer (5), it is stand-by to do the oscillation signals according input, the one tunnel is transferred to emitting antenna (3).
(2), emitting antenna (3) will transmit next microwave signal, divide and make two-way, launch with both direction to pulverized coal feed pipe (4), wherein one road microwave is along axially becoming on the direction at θ angle to propagate with conveying finely divided pipeline (4), this road microwave signal runs into the microparticle group of flowing with certain speed in the conveyance conduit (4), Doppler effect just takes place, produce Doppler shift, frequency shift signal reflexes to emitting antenna (3), after being launched antenna (3) and receiving again through power divider (2) to frequency mixer (5) and oscillation signals according mixing, obtain deviation frequency Fd, Fd imports intelligence computation device (9) after signal amplifier (8) amplifies.
According to deviation frequency Fd, can obtain the flow velocity V of microparticle in the delivery pipe, computing formula is:
V＝ (Fd×C)/(2Fcosθ)
In the formula: C is an electromagnetic transmission speed 3 * 10
8M/S;
F is microwave signal frequency H
z;
V is the flow velocity m/S of microparticle;
θ is microwave transmission direction and the axial angle of conveyance conduit;
Fd is a doppler shifted frequency.
This formula is imported intelligence computation device (9) in advance in the mode of program, calculates microparticle flow velocity V in the machine automatically.
(3), simultaneously, emitting antenna (3) is propagated another road microwave signal along the radial direction of carrying microparticle pipeline (4), after microwave vertically passes the mobile conveyance conduit (4) of microparticle, be received antenna (6) and receive, when having microparticle to flow through in the delivery pipe, the microwave signal of passing conveyance conduit (4) will be absorbed by the microparticle group, decay, the degree of decay is directly proportional with the microparticle concentration of passing through.The power of the microwave signal that receiving antenna (6) is received is reflecting the little big of the interior microparticle concentration of pipe.The microwave signal that receives is amplified through detection, shaping, obtains detecting circuit Us(t) it is directly proportional with instantaneous microparticle concentration γ (t) in the pipe.During actual measurement,, get enough little time interval T, try to achieve the mean value of the γ (t) in the T time, just can regard instantaneous concentration as according to measuring accuracy, so γ is calculated by following formula:
γ＝ 1/(T) ξ∫
T oU
s（t）dt
Wherein: γ is the microparticle concentration in enough little time interval, and unit is kg/m
3;
T is the enough little sampling time interval of preliminary election;
ξ is a concentration factor, characterizes the U of unit
s(t) the microparticle concentration that voltage is suitable is recorded by scaling method, and unit is kg/m
3V.
This formula is with the mode of program input computing device (9) in advance, and calculation element (9) is according to the Us(t of input) and given T try to achieve γ.
(4), the microparticle flow Q that flows through in the delivery pipe calculates with following formula:
Q＝γ×S×V
In the formula: γ: the concentration when the expression microparticle flows through conveyance conduit, kg/m
3;
S: the cross-sectional area of expression conveyance conduit, m
2;
V: the flow velocity of microparticle in the expression pipe, m/S;
Intelligence computation device (9) is gone up formula according to this, tries to achieve the weight flow value Q of microparticle in the conveyance conduit.Simultaneously printing, the numeric display unit of intelligence computation device (9) promptly printable, show this value, and output alarm and control signal.
Said power divider in this method to the distribution and the transmitting effect of microwave signal, can be realized by magic body, also can be realized by circulator.
The present invention compared with prior art has the following advantages:
1. the instantaneous delivery of continuous coverage automatically, demonstration and printing microparticle, its precision can reach 0.5%.
2. of many uses, both can be used for generating, metallurgy, every profession and trades such as cereal processing also can be used to survey the chimney dust-exhausting quantity, make the environment protection and monitoring instrument; With the flowmeter that this method is made, can calculate unit feed consumption rate, class's feed consumption rate, instantaneous feed consumption rate.
3. diameter of conveying pipe can be any caliber, usable range is big.
4. with the flowmeter of this method work, being not only economical also is to protect with showing with table, can be used for the autoalarm of the disconnected coal fire extinguishing of coal-burning boiler.
5. because of being continuous coverage, inserted intellectual computing device again, controlled in real time, realized that business management modernization provides necessary means for realizing industrial process.
6. the components and parts accuracy requirement is low, and manufacture technology is simple, and cost is low, is convenient to produce in batches.
Following coke powder weight flow meter for using said method to design.
The course of work is as follows: microwave source (1) is the 10GC oscillator, after the microwave of generation 3cm150mw reaches directional coupler (2) by waveguide, is divided into main line and pays a line.Main line is divided equally into two-way through magic T (3) with microwave signal, one the road to angie type emitting antenna (4), radial emission along conveyance conduit, transmitted wave vertically by behind the duff pipe (13), is received by angie type receiving antenna (14), delivers to transistor detector (15) detection, after amplifying circuit (16) amplifies, the Us voltage signal that output is directly proportional with particle concentration in the delivery pipe, Us sends into microcomputer (18) after converting digital signal to A/D converter (17) again.Another road microwave to 45 ° emitting antenna (5), along launching with the direction at the axial angle at 45 of duff pipe, enter duff pipe through impedance matching (6), microwave is reflexed to impedance matching (7) by particulate and enters receiving antenna (8), to frequency mixer (9), with pay line from directional coupler (2), microwave signal mixing through attenuator (10) decay, frequency mixer (9) output doppler shifted frequency signal Fd, amplify through thresholding amplifying circuit (11), the pulse Ud signal of output Fd is delivered to digital interface (12), enters microcomputer (18).Microcomputer (18) is handled above-mentioned Us and Ud two paths of signals by preset program, just calculated the weight flow of coke powder.Microcomputer (18) is just given printing, demonstration, plotting unit with this value, prints, shows, draws.
Two emitting antennas (4) wherein, (5) and 45 ° of receiving antennas can replace with the efficient slit of an excipient dual-layer atenna.Be that this antenna can be launched to both direction, receive 45 ° of wave reflection signals simultaneously.
Be down description of drawings:
Accompanying drawing 1, accompanying drawing 2 see before and state.
Accompanying drawing 3 is circuit diagrams of frequency shift signal thresholding amplifier (11).The Fd signal that input is come by frequency mixer, the amplification reshaping signal Ud of output Fd.This circuit is made of one-level amplifier and one-level absolute value circuit, by F508 and R
1～R
4And C
1The amplifying circuit of forming amplifies 10-15 doubly with the weak signal of input, again by absolute value circuit with amplifying signal, become positive signal, and by stabilivolt D
3The amplitude limitation of output signal U d is below 5V.The absolute value amplifying circuit is by R
5～R
12, two high-precision low-drifts operational amplifier OP-O7 and diode D1, D2 constitute.Wherein first OP-O7 amplifier directly is coupled and swings to amplification, and through the D2 clamp, the amplifier of forming through another OP-O7 amplifies about 2 times again, last output pulse signal Ud.
Be an embodiment of coke powder weight flow meter below.Wherein microwave (1) is made up of three centimeters bulk-effect oscillators of WTZ3-1, produces the microwave of the 150mw of 3cm.
Directional coupler (2) adopts three centimeters braodband directional couplers of TD35 type.
Evil spirit T (3) adopts BD-1/054 type evil spirit T.
The angie type electromagnetic horn is all adopted in antenna (4), (5), (8), (14).Vertical radiator (4) and receiving antenna (14) all are close on the outer wall of duff pipe symmetrically.45 ° of emitting antennas (5) and receiving antenna (8) by boots formula adaptation (6) and (7) and the axial angle at 45 of duff pipe, are close on the outer wall of duff pipe respectively, and two pairs of antennas are at a distance of 10 centimeters.
Frequency mixer (9) adopts three centimeters microwave crossed fields of WJH3-2 frequency mixer.
Attenuator (10) adopts BD-1/003 type attenuator.
The circuit diagram of frequency shift signal thresholding amplifier (11) is an accompanying drawing 3, sees accompanying drawing 3 explanations for details.
The task of the digital interface circuit of Ud (12) is: (1), level conversion, (2) to Fd pulse sample.Circuit constitutes the explanation that sees accompanying drawing 5 for details.
Defeated coke powder pipeline (13) by
Stone material constitutes, and can be any bore.
Transistor detector (15) adopts three centimeters broadband detectors of TD36 type.
The rectified signal amplifying circuit constitutes the explanation that sees accompanying drawing 4 for details.
The circuit of the A/D converter of Us signal (17) constitutes the explanation that sees accompanying drawing 5 for details,
Microcomputer (18) adopts the MZ-731 of Sharp microcomputer, the microprocessor of this computing machine is Z-80A, and host memory 64KB, machine are provided with printer (printable color graphics), 80,40 or 26 characters of each row of printer are available, print flow Q; Also be provided with draught machine, can get Q(t); Also be provided with digital indicator, show flow Q.Calculation procedure finishes and sends in advance micro computer according to aforementioned method of testing, native system can carry out single channel to be measured, and also can carry out multichannel measurement, at this moment as long as increase digital interface and A/D converter.
The formation of disconnected powder warning circuit (19) sees accompanying drawing 6 explanations for details.
D/A converter (20) provides the automatic analog signal to robot control system(RCS), and circuit constitutes the explanation that sees accompanying drawing 5 for details.
Complete machine direct-flow voltage regulation source (21) output+12V ,+15V ,-15V ,+the 5V DC voltage.Supply with vibration chamber (1), thresholding amplifying circuit (11), detector amplifier (16), disconnected powder warning circuit (19) and micro computer interface circuit respectively.
Oscillator WTZ3-1, wave detector TD36, crossed field frequency mixer WJH3-2 is contained in the calibration cell.
Connect the each part mentioned above circuit by accompanying drawing 2 electrical schematic diagrams, debugged computer program, given suitable T and try to achieve ξ, total system can put into operation.
When asking the ξ value, requiring to demarcate the check weighing instrument error is 0.1%.
Claims (5)
1, a kind of microparticle weight flow method of testing, be to use emitting antenna to detected materials launched microwave signal, after microwave signal is passed detected materials, being received antenna receives, again received signal is tested and digital processing, thereby obtain the related characteristics value of microparticle, feature of the present invention is to the pipeline emission two way microwave signals of carrying microparticle from both direction, one the tunnel utilizes microwave to run into the characteristic that Doppler effect is given birth in the mass-sending of motion microparticle, record Doppler shift, microparticle group's flow velocity is determined in frequency displacement whereby, another road is to utilize microwave to pass the microparticle group time, and the concentration dependent characteristic of the pad value of its power and microparticle records the concentration of microparticle, according to concentration and flow velocity, obtain the weight flow value of microparticle again.Key step is as follows:
(1), the microwave signal that microwave source sends by power divider, is divided into the two-way transmission, and one the road reaches frequency mixer makes local oscillation, and one the tunnel removes emitting antenna;
(2), emitting antenna will conduct the microwave signal of coming and divide the emission of work two road direction both directions again, wherein one road microwave is along propagating on the direction that becomes the θ angle with conveying microparticle pipeline axial, this road microwave signal runs into the microparticle group of flowing with certain speed in the conveyance conduit, Doppler effect just takes place, produce Doppler shift, frequency shift signal reflexes to emitting antenna, after being launched the antenna reception, reach frequency mixer through power divider,, obtain deviation frequency Fd with the oscillation signals according mixing, according to Fd, obtain the flow velocity V of microparticle;
(3), emitting antenna is propagated another road microwave along the radial direction of conveyance conduit, after microwave vertically passes the mobile conveyance conduit of microparticle, being received antenna receives, through the voltage U S that obtains after the detection, just reflected the size of microparticle concentration in the pipe,, can try to achieve microparticle concentration γ according to US with the concentration factor ζ that demarcates gained;
(4), with the flow velocity V of microparticle, the concentration γ of the microparticle that flows in conveyance conduit basal area S, the pipe, input intelligence computation device utilizes that preset program carries out computing in the calculation element, has just obtained the mobile microparticle weight flow Q in the pipe.
2, the method for claim 1 is characterized in that said power divider realized by magic T the distribution of microwave signal and transmission.
3, the method for claim 1 is characterized in that said power divider realized by circulator the distribution of microwave signal and transmission.
4, a kind of coke powder weight flow meter that designs for the method for using claim 1, comprise microwave source, emitting antenna, receiving antenna, defeated coke powder pipeline, it is characterized in that: 3 centimeters microwave signals that microwave source (1) produces are behind directional coupler (2), be divided into main line and pay line, main line is behind magic T (3), divide two-way to launch to defeated coke powder pipeline (13) from both direction with emitting antenna (4) and (5), antenna (4) and (5) are at a distance of 10 centimeters, wherein the axial angle of the transmit direction of antenna (5) and delivery pipe (13) is 45 °, transmit after adaptation (6) passes pipeline (13), being received antenna (8) through adaptation (7) receives, in orthogonal mixer (9) with from directional coupler (2), pay the local oscillation signal mixing that line comes through attenuator (10), obtain doppler shifted frequency Fd, Fd becomes the Ud signal through thresholding amplifying circuit (11), deliver to digital interface (12), enter microcomputer (18), by antenna (4) another road microwave of radial emission to delivery pipe (13), signal vertically receives by being received antenna (14) behind the delivery pipe (13), deliver to transistor detector (15), after amplifying circuit (16) amplifies, the voltage signal US that output is directly proportional with coke powder concentration in the pipe, Us is passed to A/D converter (17) back input microcomputer (18), micro computer (18) is handled by giving fixed program above-mentioned two signals of input, just obtain coke powder weight flow value, and show, print this value, send disconnected powder and report to the police, the automatic control signal.
5, coke powder weight flow meter as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that emitting antenna (4), (5) and receiving antenna (8) are to constitute with the efficient slit of an excipient dual-layer atenna, to replace above-mentioned three antennas.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 86106018 CN86106018A (en) | 1986-09-12 | 1986-09-12 | Microparticle flow-measuring method and coke powder flowmeter |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 86106018 CN86106018A (en) | 1986-09-12 | 1986-09-12 | Microparticle flow-measuring method and coke powder flowmeter |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN86106018A true CN86106018A (en) | 1988-03-23 |
Family
ID=4803062
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 86106018 Pending CN86106018A (en) | 1986-09-12 | 1986-09-12 | Microparticle flow-measuring method and coke powder flowmeter |
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|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN86106018A (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2008000152A1 (en) * | 2006-06-20 | 2008-01-03 | China Aluminium International Engineering Corporation Limited | A vertical pipe provided with a microwave flow meter |
| CN102478416A (en) * | 2010-11-30 | 2012-05-30 | 航天长征化学工程股份有限公司 | Gas-solid mixed phase flow flowmeter and flow measuring method |
| CN105738956A (en) * | 2016-04-01 | 2016-07-06 | 北京天凯华尊科技有限公司 | Microwave flow detector |
| CN109564150A (en) * | 2016-06-06 | 2019-04-02 | 瑞尼斯豪公司 | Particle size sensor for metal powder |
| RU2806839C1 (en) * | 2023-07-06 | 2023-11-08 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки Институт проблем управления им. В.А. Трапезникова Российской академии наук | Device for measuring mass flow ratio of cement-air flow in pipeline |
-
1986
- 1986-09-12 CN CN 86106018 patent/CN86106018A/en active Pending
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2008000152A1 (en) * | 2006-06-20 | 2008-01-03 | China Aluminium International Engineering Corporation Limited | A vertical pipe provided with a microwave flow meter |
| CN102478416A (en) * | 2010-11-30 | 2012-05-30 | 航天长征化学工程股份有限公司 | Gas-solid mixed phase flow flowmeter and flow measuring method |
| CN102478416B (en) * | 2010-11-30 | 2016-08-17 | 航天长征化学工程股份有限公司 | Gas-solid mixed phase flow flowmeter and flow measuring method |
| CN105738956A (en) * | 2016-04-01 | 2016-07-06 | 北京天凯华尊科技有限公司 | Microwave flow detector |
| CN109564150A (en) * | 2016-06-06 | 2019-04-02 | 瑞尼斯豪公司 | Particle size sensor for metal powder |
| RU2806839C1 (en) * | 2023-07-06 | 2023-11-08 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки Институт проблем управления им. В.А. Трапезникова Российской академии наук | Device for measuring mass flow ratio of cement-air flow in pipeline |
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