CN85200959U - Universal dead centre for strong stress allocation - Google Patents
Universal dead centre for strong stress allocation Download PDFInfo
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- CN85200959U CN85200959U CN 85200959 CN85200959U CN85200959U CN 85200959 U CN85200959 U CN 85200959U CN 85200959 CN85200959 CN 85200959 CN 85200959 U CN85200959 U CN 85200959U CN 85200959 U CN85200959 U CN 85200959U
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- utility
- model
- allocation
- centre
- cutting
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a universal dead centre for strong stress allocation in the mechanical process. The essential designing scheme of the utility model is with a view to the stress allocation. The conical surface for allocation on the head of the center is intermittent and has cutting edge, which corrects a center hole of a workpiece and makes the allocation with high precision. The grease is stored in a vacancy of the head of the utility model, which establishes an oil film with high intensity to guarantee the gapless allocation and non-vibration cutting; the compensating structure of axial elongation at the tail can make great radial force cutting and high-speed cutting. The utility model has the advantages of simple structure, easy fabrication and low cost. The utility model is suitable for rough machining, fine processing and superfinishing. The run-out of back garden after the fine processing is less than 1 mu m after the utility model is implemented. The utility model also has the advantage of both a stationary center and a rotating centre.
Description
The utility model is the stationary center that is used for the machining centralized positioning.
Top is the instrument that the machining centralized positioning must be used.That up to the present uses in the world is top, is divided into stationary center and live centre two classes.Stationary center has the high advantage of positioning accuracy, so be widely adopted in the manufacturing procedure of the precision of having relatively high expectations.But when big or rotating speed is higher when radial cutting force, will produce bigger axial elongation and frictional heat, destroy the oil film of having set up and kill phenomenon and limit its scope of application, so can only be used for little load, the slow-speed of revolution is cut.Live centre so can adapt to higher rotation speed and big cutting load, has remedied the deficiency of stationary center because of itself having the rolling bearing of good lubrication.But because the play problem of rotation structure of core clamper complexity and rolling bearing self just produced structural failure, and rigidity is also poor.These, the inhomogeneous generation owing to allowance when the circle that has influenced workpiece is beated precision and rough cut becomes the copying error that cutting force causes workpiece, has increased the circular runout of workpiece.So it is less demanding rough turn that live centre is only applicable to precision quality, half finish turning manufacturing procedure.On the other hand, the accumulation of heat in metal cutting in the roughing and make workpiece produce axial elongation can produce great axial load and be easy to damage live centre for the tailstock tool of uncompensated live centre or uncompensated structure.The static pressure that uses in the machined is top should to belong to live centre, and it improves to some extent than live centre, but structure is very complicated, the processing request height of itself, and energy consumption is big, and cost is also high.Long-term come top improvement, more being conceived to lubricated, and also has and design special lubricating arrangement for this reason.Top shape and architecture advances are few.
Task of the present utility model is to propose a kind of stationary center and top advantage of live centre two classes of having concurrently, be existing hi-Fix, have bigger radial cutting force allowable, rotating speed height allowable, lubricating condition well and can compensate the universal centre of workpiece axial elongation automatically again.
Of the present utility model top, being conceived to can strong stress location.So-called stress location, promptly there is the location that adds in advance under certain axial force condition at place, workpiece centre hole.Axial force can be located under big like this axial force greatly to workpiece centre hole material yield limit δ s, claims strong stress location.This is to be different from general top positioning principle.
Strong location universal center of the present utility model can be an integrative-structure as shown in Figure 2, also can be combining structure as shown in Figure 3.By Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 as can be seen it and regular centre at the difference of head be: new top head paniculidine plane is to be interrupted, as (1) among Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and (6).It is that several arc (Fig. 1-1) fan-shaped (Fig. 1-2) or flute profile (Fig. 1-3,1-4) the remaining taper seat of the volume in cross section are removed in branch ground such as former paniculidine plane.For example branch ground such as paniculidine plane are removed 4, the paniculidine plane under the residue also is 4 parts of being interrupted.The taper seat that is interrupted promptly adds the locating surface in man-hour.So top head of the present utility model has following feature:
1. the centre head locating surface is the circumferential five equilibriums of several parts, interruption, the taper seat of triangle strip, i.e. (1) among Fig. 2,3, (6) etc.
2. two sidelines of each triangle strip paniculidine plane ((3) among Fig. 2, Fig. 3, (5)) promptly become the cutting edge of two specific anterior angles.
3. there is a vacancy partly between the adjacent triangle strip paniculidine plane.
The top neck ((7) among Fig. 2, Fig. 3) of the utility model has the parallel plane that parallels to the axis.This is to design for the convenience of dismantling in using.
As seen the tail cone body that the utility model is top is by the ladder axis body from Fig. 3, elasticity seal (13), and disk spring (14), (15) and tail cone body (8) are formed.Be installed on disk spring on the shaft part (12) and play the compensating action of axial elongation.Its compound mode is that elasticity seal (13) is placed on the shaft part (9), and several pieces are placed in disk spring (14), (15) on the shaft part (12) in groups, and tail cone body (8) is connected with axis body by pin (16).When workpiece produced axial elongation by heat in metal cutting, elongation was compensated by disk spring.
In sum, the utility model strong location universal center has following feature:
1. centre head paniculidine plane is the circumferential five equilibriums of several parts, the taper seat of interruption.
2. the sideline of each piece paniculidine plane of top head forms the cutting edge of two specific anterior angles.
3. there is a vacancy partly between adjacent two taper seats.
4. top tail cone body design has the collocation structure of axial elongation.
Profile that the utility model is top and internal structure are distinguished, and it has following characteristics:
1. positioning accuracy height.
Because the cutting edge on the top head paniculidine plane, under responsive to axial force, produce cutting with the workpiece centre hole and grind with crowded, promptly can revise the workpiece centre bore well automatically, make the workpiece centre hole be fit to the existing cone angle of centre head itself, and have circularity and the fineness that adapts.Thereby guaranteed in addition the part centre bore with centre head paniculidine plane the coaxial and identical no gap of contact-making surface.Reach and top cooperating from center hole surface precision, beyond doubt far beyond other is high with cutlery, other procedure correction centre bore person in the general technology, and removed this operation naturally, reduced the position error that produces because of the two axiality, tapering, circularity, roughness equal error of workpiece centre hole and top paniculidine plane.Because centre head paniculidine plane is interrupted and divides equally, and area reduces, and also just reduces the trueness error of paniculidine plane itself, promptly reduces top position error own again.Automatically the coaxial centre bore of revising in high quality can guarantee to repeat many times the accurate location that processes again.As long as lathe allows, thick, semifinishing can be synthesized a procedure and be carried out continuously.
Moreover, because the location is stress location or strong stress location, workpiece centre hole pressurized and to produce trace recessed, this can remedy the micro-error that centre head paniculidine plane may exist, and further improves positioning accuracy.This is the reliable assurance that workpiece accuracy is greatly improved.
2. rotating speed height allowable
Because top head of the present utility model is had vacant position partly, it can store the brand-name grease that adds EP agent, and automatic adsorpting lubrication, forms high strength lubricating film or chemisorbed film.This lubricating system when making lubricant with lubricating oil is far away incomparable.Because excellent lubricating properties and select new centre head paniculidine plane wear-resisting, sticking, exotic material for use can realize improving the index of rotating speed allowable.New top maximum speed as No. 4 Morse's tapers can reach 3100 rev/mins.Add above-mentioned stress positioning accuracy height, can accomplish not have the location, gap, the high-speed cutting under the friction location condition.Strong location universal center rotating speed allowable sees Table one.Table two is new top and other top rotating speed comparison sheets.
3. cutting load is big
Because superior lubricating condition guarantees to keep good oil film under strong stress high accuracy, no gap, friction location condition, adds axial elongation self compensation structure, the new top big load of high-quality that can be applicable to is cut.Table 3 is comparative results of new top each part radial cutting force allowable and live centre commonly used.Calculating is with No. 4 top the carrying out of Morse's taper.
These three big characteristics are pregnant to contain surprising benefit; And following function arranged:
(1) one tool dual-purpose: newly top is machining centralized positioning instrument, is again that coaxial line workpiece centre hole high efficiency, high-quality repairing are ground cutlery;
(2) reduce surplus between thick, finishing step: this is because the new top circularity quality that can improve when rough turn reduces copying error, so can reduce operation allowance reliably;
(3) be fit to microstoning: since new top be that locate in strong stress, no gap.Do not have the location vibrations,, be more suitable for microstoning and mirror grinding and process so circularity height, asperity are also high;
(4) new top vacancy partly be the depository of good lubricant be again the chip pocket of revising iron filings foreign material behind the centre bore;
(5) can suitably reduce workpiece centre hole quality requirement, workpiece centre hole quality is as long as meet substantially, and GB145-59 gets final product;
(6) cleannes to the workpiece centre hole require low: need only no bulky grain stone and iron plate foreign material on the locating surface, do not need to clean centre bore, more unnecessary inspection centre bore has not burr, as long as fill up lubricating grease in centre bore, gets final product relieved bold work;
(7) simple to operate: only need add an axial force during work, the size of power from several kilograms to thousands of kilogram (its power size is directly proportional with the centre bore correction), cause the stress positioning instant can, make things convenient for manyly than using former stationary center gap to locate;
(8) enlarge the scope of application: compare with jack per line carbide inserts crown point, the new top processing that is suitable for wider workpiece centre hole also can be processed suitable pipe part;
(9) because new top head paniculidine plane has chip pocket, so things such as iron filings, sand grains are cleared up automatically to chip pocket and are stored, no longer get involved between the rubbing surface in top and workpiece centre hole and wear tip, its life-span than stationary center for long, then longer service life than live centre.
Newly top and stationary center, live centre main performance are listed as follows table 4
Find out that from above-listed numerical value the present invention is top all to have surpassed the top advantage of two classes on performance, and does not have their shortcoming, so can replace them fully.
The top manufacturing process of the utility model is also uncomplicated.Its of integrative-structure processed complete available common process manufacturing, and its material can be a carbide alloy according to purposes, also can be carbon tool steel.Top head surface for carbon tool steel can be strengthened with surface intensified technique according to the purposes needs.Also available spraying plating, coating hard, wear-resistant, anticorrosive material are to improve wear resistant corrosion resistant.Require high speed, big load cutting to use, the first mold pressing of available carbide alloy goes out centre head, again with top body welding processing.Disk spring can adopt standard component.
Embodiment 1: the inventor is once on the top head taper seat of common No. 4 Morse's tapers of a hard alloy head, the volume of 4 sector crosssections is removed on five equilibrium ground, make and occur 4 identical V-shaped grooves on the taper seat, on its residue taper seat between two adjacent cutting edges maximum chord length be 8.3 millimeters, and produce strong location universal center, as Fig. 2.
Embodiment 2: after producing strong location universal center with No. 45 carbon steel and general machining technology, spraying a layer thickness with the plasma spray depositing process on the centre head taper seat again is that 0.2 millimeter molybdenum Mo layer is gone fine finishining paniculidine plane again and made strong location universal center wear-resisting, corrosion protection.
Embodiment 3: the strong location universal center of making branch V-type grooves such as 4 such as Fig. 3 with carbon tool steel and conventional mechanical processing technology, its main design parameters is: shaft part 9 is φ 18.5 for φ 25, shaft part 10, shaft part 12 is φ 9, select for use disk spring to be of a size of: outer diameter D=18, inner diameter d=9.2, thickness δ=1, maximum compressibility h
O=0.403, allowable load (Pf=0.75h
OThe time) be 128 kilograms, 4 every group of lamination layer numbers, totally 7 groups, 80 kilograms of assembling back precompressed, 0.3 millimeter of precompressed amount, the compensation rate that this combination can reach are 1.8 millimeters, the maximum axial load is 660 kilograms.
Implementation of an application example 1: toply on the C616 lathe, carry out high-speed test (HST) with what embodiment 1 made, 10 kilograms of workpiece weight, test is ten minutes under 1980 rev/mins rotating speed, and the result is lubricated good, and centre bore does not have stings a mao phenomenon, and fineness improves.
Implementation of an application example 2: with toply testing on grinding machine that embodiment 2 makes, workpiece is a major axis, grinding 10 minutes, hole, inspection center fineness
8, coincide shinny (promptly to coincide good comprehensively) comprehensively, its enlarged-diameter amount only is 0.003 millimeter (being correction), workpiece fineness
8, round beating＜0.001 millimeter.
Implementation of an application example 3: toply carry out rough turn test with what embodiment 3 made, depth of cut t=8, feed S=0.28, cutting speed V=100 meter/minute, carry out excess load repeated test result of the test: workpiece fineness reaches
4, round beating＜0.02, workpiece surface temperature is 86 ℃, the centre bore surface is smooth state, and is top good, no wear phenomenon, it is calculated that, radial cutting force is 500Kg, and the workpiece thermal expansion is that (calculating with 60 ℃ of the temperature difference and workpiece long 1000) is 0.66 millimeter, and result of the test shows that the present invention is top and produces a desired effect.
Description of drawings:
(1) Fig. 1---remove the partly schematic cross-section of strip volume on the centre head.
(2) Fig. 2---removing partly is fan-shaped integrative-structure strong location universal center.
(3) Fig. 3---removing partly is fan-shaped combining structure strong location universal center.
(4) sequence number explanation among Fig. 2, Fig. 3 figure:
A.1,6---be interrupted taper seat on the centre head.
B.2,4---the cutting edge rake face.
C.3,5---cutting edge.
D.7---top neck.
E. ' 8---top tail cone body.
F.9---guiding, supporting shaft part.
G.10---the guiding shaft part.
H.11---lockpin hole.
I.12---the disk spring central axis segment.
J.13---the elasticity seal.
K.14,15---disk spring.
L.16---lock pin.
Claims (3)
1, a kind of strong location universal center is characterized in that the top head setting circle conical surface has the circumferential five equilibrium of several parts, the taper seat of interruption.Promptly remove the taper seat of a few part strip volumes under remaining on five equilibrium ground on the cone.
2, by the described strong location universal center of claim 1, what it is characterized in that removing is 4 strip volumes partly.
3,, it is characterized in that being provided with in the top tail cone body axial elongation collocation structure of disk spring, lock pin composition by the described strong location universal center of claim 1.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 85200959 CN85200959U (en) | 1985-04-01 | 1985-04-01 | Universal dead centre for strong stress allocation |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 85200959 CN85200959U (en) | 1985-04-01 | 1985-04-01 | Universal dead centre for strong stress allocation |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN85200959U true CN85200959U (en) | 1986-09-10 |
Family
ID=4797135
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 85200959 Expired - Lifetime CN85200959U (en) | 1985-04-01 | 1985-04-01 | Universal dead centre for strong stress allocation |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN85200959U (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105252325A (en) * | 2015-10-20 | 2016-01-20 | 中国电子科技集团公司第四十八研究所 | Double-centre outer circle machining tool |
| CN106736906A (en) * | 2016-12-23 | 2017-05-31 | 贵州黎阳航空动力有限公司 | A kind of device for being ground high precision excircle |
| CN108500837A (en) * | 2017-09-19 | 2018-09-07 | 万向钱潮股份有限公司 | A kind of shaft aligning method that flawless generates |
-
1985
- 1985-04-01 CN CN 85200959 patent/CN85200959U/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105252325A (en) * | 2015-10-20 | 2016-01-20 | 中国电子科技集团公司第四十八研究所 | Double-centre outer circle machining tool |
| CN106736906A (en) * | 2016-12-23 | 2017-05-31 | 贵州黎阳航空动力有限公司 | A kind of device for being ground high precision excircle |
| CN108500837A (en) * | 2017-09-19 | 2018-09-07 | 万向钱潮股份有限公司 | A kind of shaft aligning method that flawless generates |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C15 | Extension of patent right duration from 15 to 20 years for appl. with date before 31.12.1992 and still valid on 11.12.2001 (patent law change 1993) | ||
| RN01 | Renewal of patent term | ||
| C17 | Cessation of patent right | ||
| CX01 | Expiry of patent term |