CN85108328A - 海底电缆润滑装置 - Google Patents
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Abstract
新型海底电缆润滑装置按照顺序包括(a)进入装置，(b)至少一个防爆器，(c)竖向管；(d)脚踏阀及(e)连接到海底井头组件的连接器。
润滑装置允许电缆到海底油井的进口而不需要惯用的受张拉的竖向管。
Description
本发明是有关海底电缆润滑装置。
在油井的钻探、试验和操作期间有时需要插入和（或）取出诸如测井仪器之类的仪器，配置下井仪即“悬吊式”下井仪，以及替换诸如下井安全阀、压力孔塞等的设备。
这些操作时常由通称为电缆敷设技术来实行，在这种技术中由一根实体的或编织的钢丝绳所悬挂的特别设计的设备向井下下降。
这样的电缆敷设方法是在岸上操作中合理地顺向操作，在操作中通向井内的进口在地表面处通过一个惯用的“圣诞树”式井头，是易于适用的。
海上生产可以从建立在海底的固定式钻井台，或半沉没式钻井台，或浮动式钻井台，或在某种程度上能够移动的船舶上进行。
固定式钻井台一般具有从海底上升到台上井头填充设备的若干独立的竖向管，而且与电缆敷设操作所用的通向井内的进口易于适用的岸上设施相似。
然而在半沉没式和浮动式钻井台以及船只方面，井一般是在海底完成，并且向生产用竖向管系统安装支管，或者在卫星式钻井的情况下井可以远离生产设备，并用流送管和竖向井管回过来联系。这样，从表面通向井内的紧接进口就不能够正常地适用了。
虽然通过装设一根受拉的竖向管回到表面能够使进口适用，可这是困难的，耗费时间而且价昂，还可能含有相当大的生产损失。当井密接于活动式钻井台或钻井船舶时，能够实现这一点的方法是使后者移动，因而它可以与其直接定位于预定敷设电缆用的井上月形槽或相似的装置设在一起。另外，更适用于卫星式钻井的还包括暂时使用的钻井船或作业船。
两种方法都包括着使用一根由表面支承的受拉竖管，该表面装着惯用的表面润滑装置。
我们已经发明出能使进口到海底的井进行电缆敷设操作，而不要从表面的竖管进口的设备。这一设备在下文中定名为海底电缆润滑装置。
这样，按照本发明装设了一种海底电缆润滑装置。它按照顺序包括（a）进入装置，（b）至少一个防爆器，（c）一根竖向管，（d）脚踏阀及（e）一个连接到海底井头组件的连接管。
由于润滑装置的邻接部件之间的直径不同，在一些部位会需要配接短管，然而如果邻接区段具有同样的直径，那么就不需要配接短管了。
适宜的进入装置是一个填料函，它在电缆敷设操作期间提供压力容量。
最好填料函能够通过液压远距离地锁住和打开，从而允许设备进入或脱离润滑装置。
防爆器应该包括堵塞塞块和剪切塞块。最好使用两个防爆器。
竖向管可以通过使其成为一个内部有管的下井仪和一个外壳的复合结构而加强。
脚踏阀是一个相适应的闸门阀。
提升杆（f）最好装设得容易操纵，而最好设在进入装置和防爆器之间。
跨接短管（g）最好装设在脚踏阀之下，而且后者是可旋转的，因而通过校正方向就可以得到一个对双填充井的任一个孔的进口。
竖向管应该具有足够的长度，以调节下井仪可能插入的最长的绳线，在现行的实地应用中这大约为12.5米。
应该注意：竖向管位于一个防爆器和脚踏阀之间。这样，即使电缆的下井仪在任何位置卡住，也总是能够与井脱离的。
包括上部竖向管而具有调节悬吊式下井仪尺度的悬吊区段，如果有要求的话，可以在进入装置和防爆器之间插入。
在使用时，海底电缆润滑装置将是一个独立式结构，它连接到海底井头组件上，并在上面有防爆器和进入装置。
所有润滑装置和井头的功能将通过临时管道和电缆正规地以液压控制。在打开进入装置即填料函和脱离设备以前，可以装设第二个临时管道和电缆，以冲洗润滑装置免受烃类影响。
填充的海底电缆润滑装置常常要通过由绞车开动的向下导向缆道来定位，这缆道则连接于美国石油学会的标准树形框架的支柱上。
它比惯用的受拉竖向管系统相当地小而轻，而且它的装配和拆卸更加快速，然而主要的优点在于这一事实：不要延长以前所需要的场地停工就可以进行电缆敷设操作。
新型海底电缆润滑装置可以从一个特别装备的下潜式承托容器（DSV）来操作。
按照本发明的另一个特性，还提供出将电缆设备插入到一个海底油井的方法。这一方法包括以下的步骤：（a）将上述的海底电缆润滑装置连接到海底井头，（b）若非已经关闭，关闭脚踏阀，（c）若非已经打开，打开进入装置，（d）打开防爆器，（e）通过进入装置和防爆器将设备插入竖向管的区段，（f）关闭进入装置，（g）压力试验），（h）打开脚踏阀及（i）通过阀将设备下降到井内。
当要求收回该设备时，就要倒转以上程序，并附加一个特点，即在打开进入装置而卸除设备以前，可以冲洗润滑装置而免受烃类影响。
参照附图中的图1和图2说明本发明，其中图1是润滑装置的立视图，图2表示润滑装置并附加安装在海底圣诞树上的悬吊式区段。
参照这些图，海底电缆润滑装置包括以液压锁住的填料函，它通过一个配接短管3连接到堵塞及剪切塞块式防爆器4和5上。提升杆2提供了润滑装置的操纵装置。
防爆器4和5通过配接短管引导到竖向管7，它实际上就是进入或离开井的设备的接受器。竖向管7包括一根通达电缆入口的内部含有压力的管子和一个外部结构用的外壳。竖向管由螺旋箍8所环绕。当下井仪配置在激流流动的水中时，这些起着涡流泻除装置的作用，因此也就减少了下井仪的振动。
竖向管的底部以配接短管9连接到能旋转的脚踏阀10上，一个跨接短管11，一个夹板连接器12及一个夹持在一个导向框架14内的液压连接器13。
图2表示装设在圣诞树式井头15的上述组件，这组件安装在引导到海底17下面的信层内的导管16上。
借助于通过导向框架14的树15的支柱，并依靠连接到井头的液压连接器13来设置润滑装置。
悬吊区段包括一个具有调节悬吊短管尺度的上部竖向管18，一个配接短管19设置在提升杆2和防爆器4之间。竖向管18配有箍条，这些箍条起着在竖向管7上的同样作用。
润滑装置和正位于进口处的圣诞树通过依靠液压的临时管道和电缆（未予表示）来控制，这临时管道和电缆通过惯用的分离槽和贮器装置连接到圣诞树上，并且通过安装在导向框架上的分离接合部件连接到润滑装置。在恶劣的天气条件下控制用临时管道和电缆可以收回，让润滑装置和井头处于安全状态。
在竖向管区段上面作控制功能用的液压和冲洗管线在竖向管7的内管和外壳之间的环状空间中通过。
Claims (10)
1、海底电缆润滑装置的特征是它按顺序包括进入装置1，至少一个防爆器4，一根竖向管7，一个脚踏阀10及一个连接到海底井头组件的连接器。
2、按照权利要求1的海底电缆润滑装置，其中进入装置1是一个填料函。
3、按照前项权利要求的每一项的海底电缆装置，其中防爆器4包括一个堵塞和剪切塞块。
4、按照前项权利要求的任何一项的海底电缆装置的特征是它含有包括堵塞和剪切塞块的两个防爆器4和5。
5、按照前项权利要求的任何一项的海底电缆装置，其中竖向管7是包括内部装有下井仪和外壳的复合结构。
6、按照前项权利要求的任何一项的海底电缆装置，其中脚踏阀10是一个闸门阀。
7、按照前项权利要求的任何一项的海底电缆装置的特征是设置了一根提升杆。
8、按照前项权利要求的任何一项的海底电缆装置的特征是跨接短管11装设在脚踏阀10的下面，而且后者是可旋转的，因而通过校正方向就可以得到一个对双填充井的一个孔的进口。
9、按照前项权利要求的任何一项的海底电缆装置的特征是它附有一个包括位于进入装置1和防爆器4之间的上部竖向管18的悬吊区段。
10、将电缆设备插入海底油井的方法的特征是这一方法包括以下的步骤：（a）将按照前项权利要求的任何一项的海底电缆润滑装置连接到海底井头15，（b）若非已经关闭，关闭脚踏阀10，（C）若非已经打开，打开进入装置1，（d）如果存在的话，若非已经打开，打开防爆器4和5，（e）通过进入装置1，如果存在的话，还通过防爆器4和5，将设备插入竖向管区段7内，（f）关闭进入装置1，（g）压力试验，（h）打开脚踏阀10和（i）通过脚踏阀10将设备下降到井内。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB848428633A GB8428633D0 (en) | 1984-11-13 | 1984-11-13 | Subsea wireline lubricator |
| GB8428633 | 1984-11-13 |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN85108328A true CN85108328A (zh) | 1986-07-09 |
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| CN198585108328A Pending CN85108328A (zh) | 1984-11-13 | 1985-11-12 | 海底电缆润滑装置 |
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| US (1) | US4993492A (zh) |
| EP (1) | EP0183409A1 (zh) |
| JP (1) | JPS61117393A (zh) |
| CN (1) | CN85108328A (zh) |
| AU (1) | AU582193B2 (zh) |
| BR (1) | BR8505700A (zh) |
| CA (1) | CA1252385A (zh) |
| GB (1) | GB8428633D0 (zh) |
| NO (1) | NO854520L (zh) |
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| US4133418A (en) * | 1977-07-08 | 1979-01-09 | Vetco, Inc. | Through the flowline selector |
| US4260022A (en) * | 1978-09-22 | 1981-04-07 | Vetco, Inc. | Through the flow-line selector apparatus and method |
| US4331203A (en) * | 1980-09-25 | 1982-05-25 | Trw Inc. | Method and apparatus for the installation and withdrawal of pumping equipment in an underwater well |
| US4489780A (en) * | 1983-09-06 | 1984-12-25 | Duhon Gus A | Wellhead lubricator |
| US4673041A (en) * | 1984-10-22 | 1987-06-16 | Otis Engineering Corporation | Connector for well servicing system |
| US4667986A (en) * | 1984-10-22 | 1987-05-26 | Otis Engineering Corporation | Wellhead connector |
-
1984
- 1984-11-13 GB GB848428633A patent/GB8428633D0/en active Pending
-
1985
- 1985-11-04 AU AU49335/85A patent/AU582193B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1985-11-06 CA CA000494729A patent/CA1252385A/en not_active Expired
- 1985-11-07 EP EP85308088A patent/EP0183409A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1985-11-12 CN CN198585108328A patent/CN85108328A/zh active Pending
- 1985-11-12 JP JP60252109A patent/JPS61117393A/ja active Pending
- 1985-11-12 NO NO854520A patent/NO854520L/no unknown
- 1985-11-12 BR BR8505700A patent/BR8505700A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1990
- 1990-06-01 US US07/532,106 patent/US4993492A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS61117393A (ja) | 1986-06-04 |
| BR8505700A (pt) | 1986-08-12 |
| CA1252385A (en) | 1989-04-11 |
| GB8428633D0 (en) | 1984-12-19 |
| US4993492A (en) | 1991-02-19 |
| AU4933585A (en) | 1986-05-22 |
| NO854520L (no) | 1986-05-14 |
| EP0183409A1 (en) | 1986-06-04 |
| AU582193B2 (en) | 1989-03-16 |
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| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C01 | Deemed withdrawal of patent application (patent law 1993) | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |