CN85104595A - Automatic clutch - Google Patents

Abstract

Automatic clutch provided by the invention, the half front axle that is applicable to offroad vehicle and the engagement of front-wheel with separate.It includes the positioning lock propulsioning device and an elasticity reset device that makes the clutch component disengage from that can make the clutch component engagement, as long as half front axle is applied power, clutch component will automatically produce effective engagement, in case the power that excision applies half front axle, clutch component will automatically be disengaged from engagement status.

Description

Automatic clutch

The present invention is relevant clutch, and in detail, a kind of clutch that comes to this when drive axle is applied power, just can make effectively engagement between the drive axle of four-wheel advancing means and the front-wheel.When drive axle stops to apply power, just can throw off automatically.

Up to the present, in the four-wheel advancing means, there is various clutch to be used for the clutch of drive axle and front-wheel.Wherein public a kind of clutch when drive axle and front-wheel clutch, requires the manipulator manually to remove to pin or open clutch.

Another kind of clutch, when drive axle is applied power, and when being in driving running, its is engagement automatically.Yet, operating as when sliding type, its clutch just can be thrown off automatically, that is to say, and when the rotating speed of drive axle was tending towards or surpasses the rotating speed of front-wheel, clutch is engagement automatically, but was tending towards or during the rotating speed that surpasses spool, just can throws off when the rotating speed of front-wheel.Automatic clutch for example the 2nd phase of " automotive engineering " nineteen eighty-two report and the development of the 3rd geology group of Liaoning Province geology bureau just belongs to this class.

Also have a kind of clutch, for example USpatcnt 4,192, and the clutch of being introduced for No. 411 is although clutch is in driving at the four-wheel advancing means.Slide type and drive with slide between the time can both effectively mesh but opposite force of needs when throwing off.

Above clutch all exists shortcoming technically to some extent, does not see utilization so far as yet industrial.

The present invention has overcome above shortcoming, a kind of so follow-on clutch is provided, in case when dirivig member was forced to rotate, dirivig member and driven member just can mesh automatically, and dirivig member rotate whole during, no matter be also inverted running of forward, be to drive or slide, and drive and slide between the conversion and move that clutch is effectively engagement between total retaining member, when dirivig member stopped to apply power, dirivig member and driven member just can be thrown off automatically.

Clutch of the present invention, comprise first clutch piece, it is installed on the dirivig member, and can rotate thereupon, Shang Nengzuo relatively moves, in conjunction with the engagement that separates with second clutch piece, this clutch piece has first group of clutch key and cam follower, second clutch piece is fixed on the driven member, has second group of clutch key; Between first clutch piece and second clutch piece elasticity reset device is arranged, it can make the engagement of the disengagement of first clutch piece and second clutch piece; Also have a positioning lock propulsioning device, it is by positioning seat, and tightening nut cover and positioning and locking sliding sleeve constitute, and an end of positioning and locking sliding sleeve has two elasticity locking balls, is used for locking with the positioning seat interlock; The other end has a cam part, and it is meshed with cam follower on first clutch piece; The positioning and locking sliding sleeve is assemblied in tightening nut and puts, and this sliding sleeve overlaps on the inwall that cooperates with tightening nut at least three elastic recoil steel balls, cooperates with the annular slope groove of tightening nut cover, plays the self-return effect.When dirivig member was applied powered rotation, positioning lock propulsioning device can make first clutch piece and second clutch piece produce engagement effectively.

Two cam parts that are meshed between positioning lock propulsioning device and first clutch piece, they have first group of cam and second group of cam respectively, its two groups of action of cam faces are helicoid, all there is a flat surface on the protruding top of its cam, when first clutch piece and second clutch piece are in engagement, the flat surface of two groups of cams is withstood mutually, to overcome the active force of elasticity reset device, makes first clutch piece be unlikely to throw off engagement with second clutch piece.And, sliding and driving and sliding between the conversion, guarantee effective engagement by this.

Now, can further describe structural principle of the present invention and technical advantages, need to prove that the following drawings is a concrete example of the present invention, and do not limit its multi-form application by accompanying drawing.

Fig. 1 is a detailed cross sectional view of the present invention.

Fig. 2 analyses and observe along the expansion of 2-2 line among Fig. 1, provides the separated state of clutch.

Fig. 3 is that the expansion of roughly the same Fig. 2 is analysed and observe, and provides the state that clutch is in positive direction actuation.

Fig. 4 is that the expansion of roughly the same Fig. 2 is analysed and observe, and provides clutch and is in the reverse direction actuation situation.

With reference to Fig. 1, clutch of the present invention comprises dirivig member, it is meant that half front axle (15), (15) in the four-wheel drive device are installed in the axle sleeve (17) in common mode, the spline of axle (15) is protruding axle sleeve (17) partly, driven member is meant wheel hub (16) and the housing (1) in the four-wheel drive device, they rotate around axle sleeve (17), adjust nut (18) and tightening nut cover (11) with the fastening ball bearing of routine (not drawing among the figure), an annular slope groove (19) is arranged on the tightening nut cover (11).

Positioning seat (10) is fixed between wheel hub (16) and the housing (1), has two hemispherical-shaped aperture (20) on its end face.

Positioning and locking sliding sleeve (8) is contained on the sleeve of tightening nut cover (11) in mode movingly, and at least three equally distributed elastic recoil steel balls (13) are arranged on the cooperation inwall of (8), and (13) cooperate with (19), play the return effect; (8) a end have two with positioning seat (10) on hemispherical-shaped aperture (20) the elasticity positioning and locking steel ball (9) of interlock mutually, play the positioning and locking effect; (8) the other end has a cam part (i.e. first group of cam), and it is meshed with cam follower (i.e. second group of cam) on first clutch piece (21).

Second clutch piece, i.e. clutch are decided piece (2) and are fixed on the cover plate (3), and (2) have the whole fan-shaped clutch key (22) of a pair of one-tenth, in the spill center hole of (2) elasticity reset device are arranged, and it is to be made of yellow seat of bullet (4) and bullet Huang (5).

First clutch piece, the i.e. spline fitted of spline slider (21) and axle (15).It can rotate simultaneously with (15), and can relatively move; (21) a end has the cam follower that is meshed with (8), the fan-shaped clutch key (7) that the other end has a symmetry to distribute, and it can mesh with (22); One spherical thimble (16) is arranged on the center end face (21), under normal conditions, withstand spring seat (4), transmit the tension of (5), make spline slider (21) throw off the engagement that piece (2) are decided in clutch by this.

With reference to Fig. 1,2, cam part on the positioning and locking sliding sleeve (8), i.e. cam follower on first group of cam (24) and the spline slider (21), promptly second group of cam (23) is meshing with each other, when positioning and locking sliding sleeve (8) was in the position of Fig. 1, Fig. 2 provided the position of (23) and (24), and throw off with (22) (7), this moment, wheel hub (10) and housing (1) can be done freely to rotate around axle (15), and this is the situation of two-wheel drive advancing means.

When the operator will set up four-wheel drive, axle (15) is applied power, axle (15) is forced to rotate, and drive spline slider (21) rotates, the positioning and locking sliding sleeve (8) that is enclosed within on (11) rotates thereupon, because (21) are subjected to the effect of spring tension, make and produce a reverse slide between the screw inclined plane of second group of cam (23) and first group of cam (24), (8) pressurized moves backward, elasticity positioning and locking steel ball (9) is locked with hemispherical-shaped aperture (20) interlock of positioning seat (10), (8) rotation is obstructed, axle (15) drives spline sleeve (21) and is rotated further, produce biasing force between the screw inclined plane of two groups of cam-engaged (25) and (26), make second group of cam (23) rise along the screw inclined plane (26) of first group of cam (24), (21) tension of resistance (5) moves axially to previous crops, and the fan-shaped clutch key (7) on the realization spline sleeve (21) meshes with the fan-shaped clutch key (22) that clutch is decided on the piece (2).The situation of Fig. 2 becomes the situation of Fig. 3 at this moment, arrives this, sets up the engagement of positive direction actuation between axle (15) and the wheel hub (16).The engagement of setting up reverse direction actuation is with roughly the same above-mentioned, and the situation of its Fig. 2 becomes the situation of Fig. 4.

When four-wheel drive device becomes when sliding from driving, promptly front-wheel (16) has the trend that surpasses axle (15) rotating speed.Fan-shaped clutch key (22) is become the state of similar Fig. 4 by Fig. 3.The flat surface of first group of cam (24) is still withstood the flat surface of second group of cam (23), and positioning and locking sliding sleeve (8) spline slider (21) and clutch decide piece (2) and rotate synchronously with driven member, and engagement is still keeping.

When the operator will recover the situation of two-wheel drive, the power of excision semiaxis (15), semiaxis runs out of steam, wheel turns over certain degree angle, spline slider (21) is under the effect of elasticity reset device, move backward, second group of cam (23) on it returns to the engagement with first group of cam (24), spline slider this moment (21) is decided piece (2) with clutch and is separated, positioning and locking sliding sleeve (8) is return in the groove along the inclined-plane of the annular slope groove (19) of tightening nut cover (11) under the effect of elastic recoil steel ball (13).At this moment, positioning and locking sliding sleeve (8) separates with positioning seat (10), separates fully with wheel (1,16) to this semiaxis (15), and the situation of Fig. 3 becomes the situation of Fig. 2.

Should note, in order to guarantee clutch effectively clutch when forward and the backward rotation, spline slider (21) should be at 90 degree with the position distribution angle of fan-shaped clutch key before engagement that clutch is decided on the piece (2), this fixing position is to determine by the position of elasticity positioning and locking steel ball (9) on the positioning and locking sliding sleeve (8) and the hemispherical-shaped aperture on the positioning seat (10), so assembling the time must make the position of the hemispherical-shaped aperture on position that clutch decides the clutch key on the piece and the positioning seat consistent, promptly on a parallel position.

This shows, no matter clutch of the present invention is to drive or slide, and between both conversions. Equally, no matter be forward or rotate backward, be static or operation, perhaps between both conversions, as long as driving shaft is forced to rotate, clutch can both be set up engagement automatically, just can set up reliable driving.

Can also see that clutch of the present invention not only can be used in the four-wheel drive device The clutch of forerunner's moving axis and front-wheel can also be used for the clutch of rear drive shaft, further so long as wish place that active member and driven member are carried out automatic clutch, can use.

Claims (9)

1, a kind of clutch, can be used for selectively to dirivig member and driven member locking engagement, when powered rotation that dirivig member is applied, just can drive driven member, this clutch comprises first clutch piece, it is assembled on the dirivig member, and can rotate thereupon, Shang Nengzuo relatively moves, in conjunction with the engagement of separating with second clutch piece, this clutch piece has first group of clutch key, and second clutch piece is fixed on the driven member, has second group of clutch key, between first clutch piece and second clutch piece, an elasticity reset device is arranged, make first clutch piece and the second clutch piece disengage from, also have a cam part, first clutch piece has cam follower.Cam part and cam follower are meshing with each other, the invention is characterized in to have a positioning lock propulsioning device, dirivig member be forced to rotate whole during, it can push first clutch piece to second clutch piece selectively, make it the engagement.

2, clutch as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that said location advancing means comprises a positioning seat that is fixed on the driven member, one is fastened on tightening nut cover on the dirivig member dead axle chamber and one and is assemblied in the positioning and locking sliding sleeve that tightening nut puts, have two hemispherical-shaped aperture on the end face of said positioning seat, said tightening nut has put an annular slope groove, one end of said positioning and locking sliding sleeve has two elasticity positioning and locking steel balls, can lock with the hemispherical-shaped aperture interlock of positioning seat, the other end has cam part, cam follower engagement on it and first clutch piece, with inwall that tightening nut cover cooperates at least three equally distributed elastic recoil steel balls are arranged, in normal circumstances, it and annular slope groove engagement.

3, the described clutch of claim 2 is characterized in that said positioning and locking sliding sleeve, can rotate with first clutch piece, also can slide with respect to the tightening nut cover.

4,, it is characterized in that the gradient of the annular slope groove of said tightening nut cover is good with 12 degree as claim 2,3 described clutches.

5, as claim 1,2 described clutches, it is characterized in that said cam part and cam follower, have first group of cam and second group of cam respectively, cooperation between two groups of cams is desirable, all there is a flat surface on the top of each cam, clutch is when engagement, the flat surface of first group of cam is withstood the flat surface of second group of cam, to overcome the effect of elasticity reset device, prevent to throw off engagement with second clutch piece driving, slide and drive and slide first clutch piece between the conversion.

6, clutch as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that interactional of said two groups of cam-engaged are helicoid, and its lead angle must not be lower than 25 degree.

7, clutch as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that there is a spherical thimble at the place, axle center of the end face of said first clutch piece, transmits the tension of spring by this.

8, clutch as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that said elasticity reset device is to be made of spring seat and spring, and spring one end links spring seat, and the other end is fixed on the driven member, and spring seat withstands mutually with spherical thimble.

9, as the described clutch of claim 1 to 8, it is characterized in that first group of clutch key and the position distribution of second group of clutch key before engagement on second clutch piece on first clutch piece are 90 degree, this fixed position is to determine by the position in elasticity positioning and locking steel ball on the positioning and locking sliding sleeve and the hemispheric hole on the positioning seat.

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