CN85102598B - 贮存高凝原油的油水置换工艺 - Google Patents

贮存高凝原油的油水置换工艺

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Publication number
CN85102598B
CN85102598B CN 85102598 CN85102598A CN85102598B CN 85102598 B CN85102598 B CN 85102598B CN 85102598 CN85102598 CN 85102598 CN 85102598 A CN85102598 A CN 85102598A CN 85102598 B CN85102598 B CN 85102598B
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China
Prior art keywords
oil
water
tank
crude oil
solidifying point
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Expired
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CN 85102598
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English (en)
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CN85102598A (zh
Inventor
陈毓琛
卢佩琼
张玉州
须寅
冯旅平
张树深
薛大明
赵亚芝
陈昌亮
李松平
沙庆云
王纯
林载祁
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Dalian Polytechnio College
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Dalian Polytechnio College
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Priority to CN 85102598 priority Critical patent/CN85102598B/zh
Publication of CN85102598A publication Critical patent/CN85102598A/zh
Publication of CN85102598B publication Critical patent/CN85102598B/zh
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Abstract

本发明是关于海洋石油开发中的贮油工艺。座落在水下的高凝原油贮油罐中充满(海)水,贮油时,将热油注入油罐内,将水排出。输油时,将(海)水泵入油罐内,将油置换出。该工艺用于海洋、湖泊内开采出来的高凝原油的水下贮存。

Description

本发明是关于海洋石油开发中的贮油工艺。
从地下开采出来的原油,由于其组分不同而具有不同的凝固点,往往把凝固点在0℃左右的称之为低凝原油,在常温下就凝固的称之为高凝原油。我国渤海、南海开采的原油,辽河、大港、胜利等沿海油田,以及大庆陆上油田开采的原油,凝固点在24~34℃均属含腊高凝原油。当前世界上水下贮油罐及重力式多功能平台,为保持结构物在水中的稳定,降低建造成本,均采用油水置换贮油工艺贮存低凝原油,如墨西哥湾尤金岛的贮油罐,北海重力式混凝土平台,使用效果良好。对于我国高凝原油的水下贮油工艺问题,日本某公司在谋求合资开发我国渤海石油而向中国海洋石油总公司提交的坦斯迪克近海混凝土平台设计和建造的研究报告(Study Report-The Designand Construction of Tasdeck Offshor ConeretePlatforms)中,提出采用惰性气体充填的贮油工艺。
采用惰性气体充填的贮油工艺,虽然技术上比较成熟,但必须设惰性气体的发生和注入设施,同时在油罐排空时,罐壁要承受内外压差,罐体要克服巨大的浮力,这样给罐体结构处理增加了困难,增加了设施和建造费用。
本发明的目的是:为生产高凝原油的海洋油田和沿海油田搞水下贮油提供一种工艺方法。
本发明的构成是:
座落在水下的贮油罐或重力式平台,在贮油前,罐体内充满(海)水,贮油时,将热油注入贮罐内,同时将罐内的水排至海(湖)中,输油时,将水泵入贮油罐把油置换出去,即进油排水,进水排油,使罐体始终处于充满液体的状态,上述过程称之为油水置换工艺。
与惰性气体充填的水下高凝原油的贮油工艺比较,油水置换工艺不但省去了惰性气体的发生和注入设施费用,而且减小了结构物的压载量和罐体内外压差,使罐体处于良好的工作状态,从而降低了设施和建造费用,增加了罐体结构的安全。如一座具有一万立方容量的贮油罐,座落在50米水深的水域里,当油罐排空时,罐体将受到约四个大气压的压差和约0.85万吨的浮力(若原油的比重为0.85)。
本发明的实施例如下:
海水的平均温度为24℃,最低为17℃;原油物性;比重:0.85~0.86;粘度:25.5cst(50℃);凝固点:31~34℃;含腊量:19~20%;胶质沥青:0~3.3%;贮油条件:原油进罐平均温度60℃,贮油最低平均温度不小于40℃;保持油水介面平稳,油水介面移动速度在6米/小时以内,油中含水量的增量<0.03%,水中含油量在2~3mg/L,低于国家近海排放标准,油水介面向水的散热量平均占总散热量的4%,排出的海水和环境温度基本相同。

Claims (1)

1.一种水下油罐贮存高凝原油的油水置换工艺,其特征是当海上水下贮油罐和重力式平台贮存凝固点24~34℃的高凝原油时,油罐先充满水,当高凝原油需要进罐贮存时,将其注入贮罐中,同时将罐中的水置换出,当需要将高凝原油输出时,将水泵入油罐,把罐内原油置换出去,使贮罐始终处于充满液体状态。
CN 85102598 1985-04-01 1985-04-01 贮存高凝原油的油水置换工艺 Expired CN85102598B (zh)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN 85102598 CN85102598B (zh) 1985-04-01 1985-04-01 贮存高凝原油的油水置换工艺

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN 85102598 CN85102598B (zh) 1985-04-01 1985-04-01 贮存高凝原油的油水置换工艺

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CN85102598A CN85102598A (zh) 1986-09-17
CN85102598B true CN85102598B (zh) 1987-09-09

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Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101665143A (zh) * 2008-09-05 2010-03-10 吴植融 多功能海上基地和压载海水与lng或lpg等质量置换方法
CN105805555B (zh) * 2016-03-23 2018-06-01 中国海洋石油集团有限公司 一种用于防止高凝油输送管道凝固的系统及方法
CN109606968A (zh) * 2018-11-16 2019-04-12 北京高泰深海技术有限公司 适用于海洋石油开发的水下大型油水置换储卸油装置及其操作方法

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CN85102598A (zh) 1986-09-17

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