CN85100310B - Multicolumn extraction process and mid-section separating extraction column - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a multitower counter-current extraction process and a mid-section separating extraction tower. The present invention is the method and a device of a liquid-liquid extraction unit process in a chemical engineering process. Because a light phase is arranged in the middle part of the tower in a separating mode, a light phase discharged from the mid-section separating extraction tower has certain climbing ability. A process formed by means that multiple mid-section separating extraction towers are connected in series is characterized in that multitower continuous counter-current extraction and back extraction can be implemented by the fluid pressure difference between towers. Compared with the prior art, the multitower counter-current extraction process has the characteristics of great production capacity, high separation effect, safety, energy saving, stable operation, convenient self control, etc. The multitower counter-current extraction process is suitable for chemical industry, pharmacy, metallurgy, atomic energy, environmental protection, waste residue treatment, etc.

Description

Multitower counter-current extraction technology and midsplit type extraction tower

The present invention relates to a kind of method and apparatus in the chemical process liquid-liquid extraction cell process.

Known tower extraction process all is single tower counter-flow at present.As: packed tower, sieve-plate tower, pulse-column etc., all can not realize two relative current continuous extractions of multitower polyphone, cause separative efficiency to be restricted.The slot type extraction process, as mixing-defecator etc., though can carry out the counter-current extraction of multistage polyphone, floor space is big, and the liquid storage amount is many, safety inadequately, volatile pollution, the power consumption height, being in operation occurs easily that channel is contrary to be mixed, and influences stage efficiency.The heavy constitution invention of the loose well of Japan is a kind of be situated between the hand extraction tower with mix-extractor (spy opens clear 59-19505) between the defecator is edge-on in the side of mixing chamber with the two-phase separation chamber, dwindled the floor space of device, but in order to make two to be separated fully, the filling bed made from synthetic resin, metal or natural fiber has been installed in the separation chamber, has been caused this extractor structure more complicated.In addition, this extractor is not a tower structure, and it gently is to suck by the pinniform device under the shaft mutually when multistage polyphone uses, and this stability that extracting system will be compared is affected, and is wayward.

Purpose of the present invention adopt exactly several midsplit type extraction towers successively UNICOM contact, that utilizes that the midsplit type extraction tower discharges gently has characteristics of climbing ability mutually, realizes continuous counter-current extraction of multitower and anti-extraction process flow process.Not only floor space is little for it, the separating effect height, and safety non-pollution, and also stable, operation easily.

The object of the present invention is achieved like this: adopt a kind of midsplit type extraction tower, it comprises buffer, extractor, light-phase separator and heavy phase separator.Be applied in some sieve plates are housed on the longitudinal axis in buffer and the extractor, and do vibration up and down reciprocatingly by the break-in transmission device by Motor Drive, the weight two-phase is to enter simultaneously on the top of extractor, under mechanism, realizes the two-phase mixing.Run through a playpipe in the middle of the light-phase separator, the upper end and the extractor of this pipe join, the lower end aditus laryngis inserts the top of heavy phase separator, and at the parallel with it water seal sleeve pipe of tube wall of the outside of playpipe suit, the top that the oil sealing umbrella crown covers on the water seal sleeve pipe is equipped with on playpipe top.The two-phase mixed liquor enters light-phase separator after finishing mass transport process, behind the playpipe aditus laryngis, flow velocity is die-offed, two-phase is separated rapidly, and heavy phase is descending, and light phase is come-up then, be further separated, at first tell heavy phase once more with the passageway of separating between the water seal sleeve pipe, through the liquid seal device of oil sealing umbrella crown and water seal sleeve pipe top formation, tell heavy phase for the third time again via playpipe.The heavy phase of not carrying under one's arms under the differential pressure action that the two-phase mixed liquor transmits, obtains to surpass the climbing ability of this tower liquid level with light.Utilize light that the midsplit type extraction tower discharges to have the characteristics of climbing ability mutually,, be arranged in order to install according to from low to high position and form extraction part and reextraction part several midsplit type extraction towers.Falling stream by gently climb mutually pipe and heavy phase between tower and the tower manages UNICOM and contacts.The light differential pressure action that relies on the transmission of two-phase mixed liquor mutually, by the low level tower high-order tower that climbs, heavy phase relies on the potential difference between tower to drop to the low level tower by high-order tower stream, realizes the continuous counter-current extraction of multitower polyphone and the technical process of reextraction.

Midsplit type extraction tower of the present invention has higher surface loading, and production capacity is big.Its extraction process is regardless of continuous phase, and decentralized photo is that simple two-phase is mixed, and if can satisfy contact mass transfer and the time requirement that separates, and can design the tower of virtually any size specification, and it is simple in structure, makes easily.The midsplit type extraction tower has stronger variation adaptability, separative efficiency height.It can be in the very wide scope of comparing, less difference in specific gravity, and extract under higher or the lower temperature.Multitower counter-current extraction technology of the present invention is not limited by appointed condition, can increase polyphone tower number and improve separating effect.Multitower counter-current extraction technology floor space is few, energy-conservation, safety non-pollution, and controlled condition is single, and disturbing factor is few, and production run is stable, and operation is convenient to realize automatic control easily.

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is further described.

Fig. 1 is a kind of midsplit type extraction tower of the present invention concrete structure schematic diagram.

Fig. 2 is the process chart that a kind of four towers extraction of the present invention, double tower are stripped.

Describe a kind of concrete structure of midsplit type extraction tower of the present invention in detail according to Fig. 1.This tower can be selected different material manufacturings for use according to the character of using liquid.It is made up of buffer 1, extractor 2, light-phase separator 3, heavy phase separator 4.Be applied on the longitudinal axis 7 in buffer 1 and the extractor 2 some sieve plates 8 are housed at a certain distance,, drive the vibration of doing up and down reciprocatingly, realize the two-phase mixing by motor 5 by break-in transmission device 6.Light-phase separator 3 is located at the middle part of tower, promptly in the middle of extractor 2 and heavy phase separator 4.Run through a upper coarse and lower fine mixed liquor playpipe 9 in the middle of the light-phase separator 3, upper end and extractor 2 join, the aditus laryngis of lower end inserts the top of heavy phase separator 4, at the parallel with it water seal sleeve pipe 10 of tube wall of the outside of playpipe 9 suit, its upper end is immersed among the oil sealing umbrella crown 11, the lower end is connected on the heavy phase separator 4, separate passageway 13 with one of formation between the playpipe 9, oil sealing umbrella crown 11 as same inverted funnel, its upper end is connected in the top of mixed liquor playpipe 9, the umbrella crown mouth of lower end is in the middle of oil content bassoon 12 inwalls and water seal sleeve pipe 10 outer walls, form a liquid seal device 14 like this between water seal sleeve pipe 10 tops and the umbrella hat mouth again, all the other positions that light-phase separator is 3 li are static separators 15, and light phase outlet 16 is arranged at its top, and the bottom has heavy phase refluxing opening 17 to be communicated with following heavy phase separator 4.Gently enter the mouth on the lenient side mutually and 18 advance tower from head tank or the power of climbing that relies on next tower to give, heavy phase 19 is advanced tower from head tank or by the liquid level difference of a last tower from the heavy liquid inlet, they are under the external force effect of oscillating screen plate, mix contact and decline synchronously, up to entering light-phase separator 3, flow velocity is die-offed after mixed liquor is by playpipe 9 aditus laryngis, and two-phase is separated rapidly, heavy phase is descending, discharges from heavy phase outlet 20 through heavy phase separator 4 again.Light come-up mutually, simultaneously heavy phase continues again to separate, and at first tells for the second time heavy phase by separating passageway 13, again through preventing that liquid seal device 14 that heavy phase is passed through from entering static separator 15 and telling heavy phase for the third time.The heavy phase told is through getting back to heavy phase separator 4 communicating pipe 21, the light climbing ability that then exceeds this tower liquid level mutually in this acquisition, thus can the in-position be higher than the last extraction tower of this tower." gently high in opposite directions outflow " is the property of midsplit type extraction tower, is to rely on fluid pressure difference to carry out the basis of the continuous counter-current extraction of multitower.

Can know according to the flow chart of Fig. 2 and to find out that multitower counter-current extraction technology comprises extraction, reextraction two parts, it can be made up of several midsplit type extraction towers.The technological process of Fig. 2 is with four midsplit type extraction towers 24,25,26,27, according to being arranged in order installation to higher position by low, and contacted and be used as extracting part, again with two midsplit type extraction towers 29,30, according to installing to high positional alignment, and contacted and be used as the part of stripping by higher.Fall the stream pipe by the pipe that gently climbs mutually, heavy phase between tower and the tower and be communicated with, extraction part and strip and between the part two phase separator 28 is arranged all couples together them and carries out continuous counter-current extraction.By head tank 22, enter first extraction tower 24 as the extract of light phase by flowmeter 23, and climb successively enter two towers 25, three towers 26, four towers 27, the liquid that is extracted under with convection current carries out four times and mixes and separate, to finish extraction process.Carry the extracted species of solute, at first enter two phase separator 28, telling continues to climb after the heavy phase enters first stripping column, 29, two towers 30 again, and similarly the strippant that comes with convection current carries out twice mixing and separates, and finishes the back extraction process, and extract obtains regeneration.Extract after the regeneration has climbed quite highly, gets back to separating cycle groove 31, can reenter first extraction tower, realizes recycling of jack up.As the liquid that is extracted of heavy phase,, enter the 4th extraction tower 27 through flowmeter 33 by heavy phase head tank 32, and reduce liquid level gradually, and flow through successively three towers 26, two towers 25, a tower 24, the extract on convection current mixes, separate, finish extraction process after, discharge system continuously.Back washing agent at first enters the second back extraction tower 30 then by back washing agent head tank 34 through flowmeter 35, and the tower 29 of flowing through again closes the solute that liquid carries with collection and passes on to oneself, discharges from system as regenerated liquid.

The fluid motion of multitower counter-current extraction technology is that pressured difference and the continuous convection current of potential difference are carried out.Under given appointed condition and technological parameter, by the adjusting of sieve plate vibration frequency, the stable operation of control package unit.

Show by experimental study: the Rogor in the waste water is separated recovery, and under the same situation of other conditionally complete, extraction yield is along with the increase of midsplit type extraction tower improves, as a tower is 40.7%, two towers are that 70.4%, three tower is that 77.8%, four tower is 88.6%.

Multitower counter-current extraction technology and midsplit type extraction tower purposes are more extensive, can be used in and extract uranium, thorium from the nuke rubbish that burnt.Can constantly expand range of application of the present invention by test, design and manufacture the midsplit type extraction tower and the complete set of equipments of various different sizes.

Claims (2)

1, a kind of midsplit type extraction tower, it comprises buffer 1, extractor 2, light-phase separator 3, the heavy phase separator 4 and the longitudinal axis that sieve plate 8 is housed 7 that drives by motor 5 and break-in transmission device 6, a playpipe 9 is run through in the centre that it is characterized in that light-phase separator 3, the upper end of pipe and extractor 2 join, the lower end aditus laryngis inserts the top of heavy phase separator 4, at the parallel with it water seal sleeve pipe 10 of tube wall of the outside of playpipe 9 suit, the oil sealing umbrella crown 11 of playpipe 9 tops installing covers on the top of water seal sleeve pipe 10, light-phase separator 3 tops are provided with light phase outlet 16, and the bottom is provided with the heavy phase refluxing opening 17 that is communicated with heavy phase separator 4.

2, the multitower counter-current extraction technology of midsplit type extraction tower according to claim 1, it is characterized in that several midsplit type extraction towers, arrange to install according to from low to high position UNICOM successively and form extraction part and reextraction part, in each extraction tower, gently, heavy phase is separated through after the mechanical mixture, light rely on pressure reduction that the mixed liquor transmission comes mutually by the low level tower high-order tower that climbs, heavy phase relies on the potential difference between tower to drop to the low level tower by high-order tower stream, realizes the continuous counter-current extraction and the reextraction of multitower polyphone.

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