CN85100106B - All-wet refining process of gold cyanide mud - Google Patents

All-wet refining process of gold cyanide mud Download PDF

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Publication number
CN85100106B
CN85100106B CN85100106A CN85100106A CN85100106B CN 85100106 B CN85100106 B CN 85100106B CN 85100106 A CN85100106 A CN 85100106A CN 85100106 A CN85100106 A CN 85100106A CN 85100106 B CN85100106 B CN 85100106B
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gold
silver
organic phase
mud
extraction
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CN85100106A (en
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席德立
华亭亭
唐晋
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Tsinghua University
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Tsinghua University
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Abstract

The invention discloses a full-wet refining process of gold cyanide mud, and belongs to the field of precious metal extraction. At present, most of the cyanide gold mud adopts a water method enrichment-fire method smelting-electrolytic refining method to prepare pure gold, the process is complex, and the loss of gold and silver is large. The invention provides a full-wet process which takes an extraction method as a main body and directly prepares pure gold from gold mud, and can recover valuable metals such as silver and the like. The recovery rate of gold can reach more than 99%. The main procedures in the process include dissolving aqua regia, extracting gold, leaching the insoluble residue of aqua regia with ammonia water, and reducing hydrazine hydrate to obtain silver. The process is suitable for various grades of gold cyanide mud, acid-washing gold mud, gold-silver alloy and gold-containing materials accompanied by elements such as zinc, copper, silver, iron, lead and the like.

Description

The all-wet refining process of goldmud from cyanide processing
The present invention relates to the precious metal extraction process, particularly by hydrometallurgy, from goldmud from cyanide processing, extract the technology of gold and silver.
Goldmud from cyanide processing is the elementary golden product that Gold Ore obtains after ore dressing, cyanating solution leaching, zinc powder (silk) displacement, and wherein the grade of gold and silver is lower, contains excessive zinc and other impurity.In order to improve the content of gold, generally all gold mud is carried out pickling impurity removal and process, get the pickling gold mud, be smelted into again electrum and sell as the finished product of gold mine.If make proof gold, then mostly adopt the method for water law enrichment-pyrometallurgical smelting-electrorefining.This traditional method not only complex process, equipment is various, operational condition is poor, the production cycle is long, the rate of loss of main is gold and silver is bigger.In the water law enrichment process, repeatedly turn to the loss that the material operation easily causes tiny gold mud particle; To produce during pyrometallurgical smelting that a considerable amount of slags, salvaged lining, useless crucible etc. are low-grade to contain golden blanking; The electrorefining yield rate is low, the material backlog big, the treatment scale handiness is little.
The present invention is intended to use full wet processing and directly makes proof gold from gold mud, to simplify the refinery practice of goldmud from cyanide processing, improves the yield of gold, shortens the production cycle, reduces material and overstocks.
The invention is characterized in the technical process that has proposed the full wet processing goldmud from cyanide processing take extraction process as main body, gold mud makes proof gold with aqua regia dissolution after by extracting-back extraction-reduction.Used extraction agent is diisooctyl thioether (two (2-ethylhexyl) thioether).Also considered on stream the recovery of the valuable metals such as silver and copper.Fig. 1 is the schema of this technology, and it is as follows to introduce the present invention below in conjunction with schema:
The goldmud from cyanide processing aqua regia dissolution of aqua regia dissolution operation drying and desulfurization with roasting technique, the metals such as gold, zinc, copper, iron change solution at this moment, and silver, the plumbous muriate that generates are stayed in the insoluble slag.Solid-to-liquid ratio during aqua regia dissolution is 1: (1-2) (W/V), available dense chloroazotic acid be available 1: 1 rare chloroazotic acid also.Solvent temperature can be from room temperature to 90 ℃, dissolution time 1~24 hour.The leaching yield of gold is more than 99.9%.Leach liquor filters, and insoluble slag washs with dilute hydrochloric acid.Filtrate and washings merge together, and suitably dilution makes acidity reach the feed liquid that is extracting gold behind 0.5~1.5N.This operation also can adopt hydrochloric acid to add sodium chlorate to carry out under the condition of heating, and extract feed liquid and be chloride media this moment.
Organic phase during the extraction process extraction adds kerosene for the diisooctyl thioether, and wherein kerosene is thinner, and the content of diisooctyl thioether in organic phase is 30~50%(volume percent).The volume ratio of aqueous phase liquid and organic phase makes the organic phase gold amount of carrying be not more than 50 grams per liters to be advisable during extraction, and two-phase is no more than 1 minute duration of contact.Gold enters in the organic phase during extraction, and other impurity in the feed liquid all is not extracted, and stays in the aqueous extraction residue.Because the diisooctyl thioether has higher resistance of oxidation than general dialkyl sulfide, so not only can from hydrochloric acid medium, also can from rare chloroazotic acid medium, directly extract high dense gold.
The water of mechanical entrapment in the organic phase contained 0.2-0.5N salt acid elution 1~2 time of golden organic phase when washing procedure extracted in order to remove, and the volume ratio of washing acid and organic phase is 1: (1~5).Water after the washing is got back to extraction section.
The golden organic phase that contains after the washing of back extraction operation is carried out 1~2 grade of back extraction with isopyknic alkaline sodium sulfite solution, and two-phase at room temperature contacts 5~20 minutes.This moment, gold changed water over to the form of inferior sulfate radical complex compound.0.5~the 1.0MNaOH that consists of of strip liquor adds 0.5~1MNa 2SO 3
Organic phase behind the organic phase step for regeneration degold is after dilute hydrochloric acid and water washing, and it is multiplexing to be back to extraction process.
The reduction operation contains golden strip liquor and add the hydrochloric acid acidifying under 50~70 ℃, makes sulphite transfer sulfurous gas in acidic medium, and this moment, gold was reduced into metal, is precipitated out from solution, is brown powdery precipitation.Ageing is filtered after half an hour, precipitation dilute hydrochloric acid and water washing.Mother liquor of precipitation of ammonium can be discarded.Bronze can boil with hydrochloric acid more in case of necessity and wash.Be the bronze product, product purity>99.98% after the precipitation drying.
Ammoniacal liquor soaks aqua regia insoluble residue after silver-colored operation is cleaned with dilute hydrochloric acid and at room temperature stirs with 1: 1 ammoniacal liquor and soak silver.Silver chloride in the slag changes into silver ammino ion and enters in the leach liquor at this moment, and the lead chloride in the slag is not then leached and still stays in the ammonia leaching residue, and plumbous available proper method wherein reclaims.
The reduction operation ammonia leaching solution of silver adds the hydrazine hydrate solution reduction under 50~80 ℃, the silver in the solution is reduced into metal at this moment, generates canescence silver powder precipitation.Ageing 0.5~2 hour, treat solution clarification after, filter, precipitation washes with water, namely gets fine silver powder product after the oven dry.
Contain the metals such as zinc, copper, iron in the scrap iron displacement operation extraction raffinate, recovery method is decided by economic rationality, recommends in this flow process to reclaim copper with scrap iron displacement copper with the copper ashes form.
The later waste liquid of neutralization precipitation operation displacement copper can be processed with the neutralization precipitation method, reclaims cadmia such as wish, then can pass through regulator solution pH value, makes iron and zinc fractional precipitation.
This flow process is applicable to goldmud from cyanide processing, pickling gold mud, electrum and other gold-bearing material with zinc, silver, copper, iron, lead of various grades.Adopt this flow process can make gold recovery>99%, purity and electrolyzing gold are suitable, and original refining flow process is greatly simplified, and the production cycle is shortened, and treatment scale also can be grasped flexibly.
Embodiment by this flow processing 19.8303 grams to contain gold be 14.67% goldmud from cyanide processing.Gold mud was leached 1 hour under 90 ℃ with 50 milliliters of chloroazotic acid earlier, suitably filter behind the dilute with water, insoluble slag washs with dilute hydrochloric acid.Contain 1.822 milligrams of gold in the residue after the washing, the leaching yield of gold is 99.94%.The volume of filtrate and washing water is about 100 milliliters, be combined then and extract with isopyknic 50% diisooctyl thioether kerosene, contact 1 minute, use again 20 milliliters of organic extractant phases after the phase-splitting the 2nd time, residue gold is 0.48 milligram in the extraction raffinate, and percentage extraction is 99.98%.Contain golden organic phase for twice and merge, with 25 milliliters of 0.2N salt acid elutions, contact 1 minute, tell water.The golden organic phase that contains after the washing adds 1MNa with isopyknic 1MNaOH 2SO 3The solution back extraction, two contacted 20 minutes, carried out the 2nd back extraction with 25 milliliters of strip liquors again.Residue gold is 140 milligrams in the organic phase behind the degold, and back extraction ratio is 99.95%.Contain golden strip liquor for twice and merge about post-heating to 60 ℃, add hydrochloric acid and make solution be strongly-acid, separate out brown bronze this moment, and ageing is filtered after half an hour, and precipitation is with dilute hydrochloric acid and water washing.Residue gold is 0.152 milligram in the mother liquor of precipitate reduction, and reduction ratio is 99.99%.Be proof gold powder meter 2.9007 grams after the precipitation drying, casting yield 99.7%, purity>99.98%.
Aqua regia insoluble slag filters with 10 milliliters of at room temperature agitation leachs of 1: 1 ammoniacal liquor 1 hour, and residue washs with weak ammonia.Filtrate is heated to about 50 ℃, adds 10% hydrazine hydrate, filters after the clarification of ageing solution half an hour, and washing is dry, gets canescence silver powder 0.52 gram, casting yield>98%, purity>99%.

Claims (9)

1, a kind of goldmud from cyanide processing all-wet refining method, adopt aqua regia dissolution, the dialkyl sulfide extraction, through the salt acid elution, alkaline sodium sulfite solution back extraction, high purity gold after the reduction, it is characterized in that in acid of hydrochloric acid and nitric acid mixing acid (rare chloroazotic acid) being extraction agent in order to diisooctyl thioether (two (2-ethylhexyl) thioether) directly, kerosene is the organic extractant phase gold of thinner, and aqua regia insoluble residue ammoniacal liquor Leaching of Silver, leach liquor are produced fine silver after with hydrazine hydrate reduction.
2, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that using the aqua regia dissolution goldmud from cyanide processing, and the solid-to-liquid ratio during dissolving is 1: (1~2) (W/V), and solvent temperature is from room temperature to 90 ℃, and dissolution time is 1~24 hour.
3, method according to claim 1, the acidity of aqueous media is 0.5~1.5N when it is characterized in that extracting.
4, according to claim 1,2,3 described methods, the consisting of of organic phase when it is characterized in that extracting: contain diisooctyl thioether 30~50%(volume percent), all the other are diluent kerosene, and the selection of two-phase volume ratio makes the gold amount of carrying of organic phase be not more than 50 grams per liters during extraction.
5, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that containing golden organic phase with the salt acid elution of 0.2~0.5N, and the volume ratio of washings and organic phase is 1: (1~5).
6, method according to claim 1, the golden organic phase that contains after it is characterized in that washing is at room temperature carried out back extraction with the sodium sulfite solution that contains 0.5~1.0M sodium hydroxide and 0.5~1.0M, and be 5~20 minutes the duration of contact of two-phase during back extraction.
7, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that the organic phase behind the degold can be multiplexing to regenerate with dilute hydrochloric acid and water washing.
8, method according to claim 1, it is golden with the hcl acidifying reduction to it is characterized in that containing golden strip liquor, and reduction temperature is 50 ℃~70 ℃.
9, method according to claim 1, the aqua regia insoluble residue that it is characterized by goldmud from cyanide processing is at room temperature used 1: 1 ammoniacal liquor agitation leach silver, and leach liquor hydrazine hydrate reduction silver, reduction temperature are 50~80 ℃.
CN85100106A 1985-04-01 1985-04-01 All-wet refining process of gold cyanide mud Expired CN85100106B (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1304609C (en) * 2004-10-11 2007-03-14 东华大学 Enhanced acid dissolve of acidizing fired slags of concentrated gold ores containing sulfur

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CN102653827A (en) * 2012-05-23 2012-09-05 陕西黄金集团西安秦金有限责任公司 Treating process of gold electrolytic anode mud
CN103074501A (en) * 2013-02-22 2013-05-01 昆山鸿福泰环保科技有限公司 Gold net recovery process
CN104897512B (en) * 2015-05-28 2017-07-28 山东黄金冶炼有限公司 The rapid analysis method of acid non-soluble substance in a kind of goldmud from cyanide processing
CN105349785A (en) * 2015-10-28 2016-02-24 江苏辉伦太阳能科技有限公司 Method for removing and recycling metal catalyst on silicon nanometer flocked face
CN105327887B (en) * 2015-10-28 2017-08-22 江苏辉伦太阳能科技有限公司 It is a kind of to recycle the chain assembly that cleaning fluid removes and reclaims metal impurities
CN106119548A (en) * 2016-07-26 2016-11-16 招金矿业股份有限公司 A kind of Whote-wet method smelting process of gold silver mud
CN110157919B (en) * 2019-07-01 2021-09-17 中国科学院青岛生物能源与过程研究所 Method for treating gold smelting cyanide-containing wastewater

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1304609C (en) * 2004-10-11 2007-03-14 东华大学 Enhanced acid dissolve of acidizing fired slags of concentrated gold ores containing sulfur

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