CN2921916Y - Battery power supply equipment - Google Patents

Battery power supply equipment Download PDF

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Publication number
CN2921916Y
CN2921916Y CNU2006200030968U CN200620003096U CN2921916Y CN 2921916 Y CN2921916 Y CN 2921916Y CN U2006200030968 U CNU2006200030968 U CN U2006200030968U CN 200620003096 U CN200620003096 U CN 200620003096U CN 2921916 Y CN2921916 Y CN 2921916Y
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China
Prior art keywords
voltage
battery
converter
microcomputer
terminal
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Expired - Fee Related
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CNU2006200030968U
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
大羽隆文
山下干弘
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Panasonic Electric Works Co Ltd
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Matsushita Electric Works Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03M—CODING; DECODING; CODE CONVERSION IN GENERAL
    • H03M1/00—Analogue/digital conversion; Digital/analogue conversion
    • H03M1/002—Provisions or arrangements for saving power, e.g. by allowing a sleep mode, using lower supply voltage for downstream stages, using multiple clock domains or by selectively turning on stages when needed
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03M—CODING; DECODING; CODE CONVERSION IN GENERAL
    • H03M1/00—Analogue/digital conversion; Digital/analogue conversion
    • H03M1/12—Analogue/digital converters

Abstract

A battery-operated equipment comprises a battery; a constant voltage power source that derives a constant voltage from a battery voltage across the battery; and a microcomputer that incorporates an A/D converter(s) and has terminals for the A/D converter and a power input terminal. The microcomputer is connected with the battery via the power input terminal to use the battery voltage as its power source voltage. The converter is connected with the constant voltage power source via a specific terminal of the terminals for the converter to use the constant voltage as a voltage for the converter.

Description

Battery powered apparatus
Technical field
The present invention relates to battery powered apparatus, its use battery as their power supply to drive load, relate in particular to the battery powered apparatus that comprises the micro computer (microcomputer) of having incorporated one or more A/D converters into.
Background technology
For example, when such battery powered apparatus was incorporated in electric shaver, the portable phone etc., they were equipped with microcomputer usually so that realize multiple function.
Voltage stabilizer (regulator) (3-terminal voltage stabilizer) that electronic equipment as description of the Prior Art in Japanese publication publication H07-325633 utilizes battery, link to each other with this battery and the main circuit structure that comprises microcomputer (CPU) and link to each other with the output of voltage stabilizer.In this electronic equipment, voltage stabilizer derives constant voltage from the cell voltage at battery two ends, so that provide this constant voltage as operating power to main circuit.Usually, because the operating efficiency (voltage stabilizing loss) of voltage stabilizer, be lower than cell voltage as its input voltage as the constant voltage of stabilizer output voltage.Because this when cell voltage reduces and difference between cell voltage and constant voltage when diminishing, has such situation, even wherein cell voltage is higher than the minimum operation voltage of main circuit, constant voltage also becomes and is lower than this minimum operation voltage.Under these circumstances, although because battery itself can provide the cell voltage that is higher than minimum operation voltage, main circuit can not be operated, so must be new battery with this battery altering or this battery charged again.
The battery powered apparatus of describing among the Japan publication publication H07-325633 comprises battery, voltage stabilizer and main circuit and above-mentioned electronic equipment, and comprises testing circuit and change-over circuit.Testing circuit detects the output voltage of voltage stabilizer.Change-over circuit is connected to main circuit according to the control signal from main circuit with the output of battery or the output of voltage stabilizer.Main circuit has control circuit (microcomputer), and it is based on sending control signal by the output voltage that testing circuit detected to change-over circuit.That is, when within the setting scope of output voltage values at main circuit, control circuit sends LOW signal (as control signal), is used for the power supply of this main circuit is switched to the output of voltage stabilizer.On the contrary, when output voltage values was lower than this setting scope, control circuit sent HIGH signal (as control signal), is used for the power supply of this main circuit is switched to the output of battery.According to this configuration, because if be lower than the setting scope by the detected output voltage values of testing circuit, the power supply that then will be used for main circuit switches to the output of battery, so compare as the mode of the power supply of main circuit with output only, might prolong the pot life of equipment and need not change battery or battery is charged again with voltage stabilizer.
Yet because above-mentioned traditional battery powered apparatus needs change-over circuit, its circuit arrangement has complicated.In addition, because battery powered apparatus stops the operation of voltage stabilizer after the power supply of main circuit switches to the output of battery, so this equipment can not use one or more A/D converters of incorporating microcomputer into.Because can not from voltage stabilizer, derive by the employed reference voltage of A/D converter.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is, make and to use one or more A/D converters of incorporating microcomputer into and do not make the circuit arrangement of this battery powered apparatus complicated, prolong the pot life of battery powered apparatus in addition.
Battery powered apparatus among the present invention comprises: battery; Constant voltage source, its cell voltage from the battery two ends derives constant voltage; And microcomputer, wherein incorporate A/D converter at least into, and had terminal and the power input that is used for A/D converter.This microcomputer is connected with battery via power input so that with cell voltage as its supply voltage.A/D converter is connected with constant voltage source via the special terminal of the terminal that is used for A/D converter, to use this constant voltage as the voltage that is used for A/D converter.
In one aspect of the invention, A/D converter is connected to constant voltage source via its reference voltage input terminal as special terminal, to use this constant voltage as the reference voltage that is used for its A/D conversion.
In another aspect of the present invention, microcomputer has the analog input end of A/D converter as special terminal, and the reference voltage input terminal with A/D converter is as another terminal that is used for the terminal of A/D converter.This A/D converter is connected to the input voltage of constant voltage source to use this constant voltage to change as its A/D via analog input end, and links to each other with battery via reference voltage input terminal, so that be used for the reference voltage of its A/D conversion with the cell voltage conduct.
The present invention can also comprise indicating circuit, and it is according to the control of microcomputer and the mode of operation of the equipment of pilot cell power supply.Microcomputer also has control end.Indicating circuit is connected with this control end and controls to receive, and is connected to use this cell voltage as its supply voltage with battery.
The present invention can also comprise motor, its be connected with battery so that with cell voltage as its supply voltage.
In others of the present invention, battery is a secondary battery; And constant voltage source increases and reduces constant voltage respectively to battery charge and to battery discharge the time.
According to the present invention, can realize using one or more A/D converters of incorporating microcomputer into and do not make the circuit arrangement of this battery powered apparatus complicated, prolong the pot life of battery powered apparatus in addition.
Description of drawings
Now the preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail.Consider following detailed description and accompanying drawing, other features and advantages of the present invention will become better understood, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the synoptic diagram according to the battery powered apparatus of the first embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the synoptic diagram of battery powered apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the synoptic diagram of the battery powered apparatus of a third embodiment in accordance with the invention;
Fig. 4 is the synoptic diagram of the battery powered apparatus of a fourth embodiment in accordance with the invention;
Fig. 5 is the synoptic diagram of battery powered apparatus according to a fifth embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 6 is the family curve example of the A/D converter among Fig. 1; And
Fig. 7 is the family curve example of the A/D converter among Fig. 5.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 shows according to the battery powered apparatus in the first embodiment of the present invention 1.As shown in Figure 1, battery powered apparatus 1 is the equipment (for example, electric shaver, portable phone etc.) that comprises microcomputer 10, and comprises battery 11 and voltage stabilizer 12.
Battery 11 is for example secondary battery (rechargeable battery), but is not limited to this, and can be primary element (disposable battery).Voltage stabilizer 12 is the voltage stabilizer of 3-terminal for example, and its cell voltage V11 from battery 11 two ends derives constant voltage V12 (V11＞V12).
At least incorporated A/D converter 100 in the microcomputer 10 into, and had such as power input #10, GND end #11, be used for the terminal the terminal etc. of A/D converter.
A/D converter 100 is connected via the positive output end of the special terminal in the terminal of A/D converter 100 with voltage stabilizer 12, to use the voltage of constant voltage V12 as A/D converter 100.In first embodiment, A/D converter 100 is via as the reference voltage input terminal #12 of special terminal (for example, the power end AVcc of internal simulation circuit) is connected with the positive output end of voltage stabilizer 12, to use constant voltage V12 as the reference voltage Vref that is used for its A/D conversion.
Microcomputer 10 is connected with negative terminal with the anode of battery 11 with #11 via terminal #10 respectively, so that with cell voltage V11 as its supply voltage that is used to operate (Vcc), and carry out various processing according to the program of the relevant operation of storing in the storer (not shown).For example, microcomputer 10 (for example obtains the equipment of flowing through 1 from A/D converter 100, electric shaver etc.) (numerical data of) electric current, cell voltage V11 or the like for example, motor etc. is carried out drive controlling to load based on this numerical data then in load.
In Fig. 1, I11 is the summation of I10 and I12, and wherein I11 is the current drain in the battery 11, and I10 is the current drain in the microcomputer 10 and I12 is the current drain in the voltage stabilizer 12.Therefore, compare with above-mentioned electronic equipment (prior art), the current drain in the voltage stabilizer 12 has reduced the amount of the current drain in microcomputer 10.The operating efficiency of general voltage stabilizer descends along with the increase of its input current, and therefore in the prior art, the input voltage of voltage stabilizer must be higher than the output voltage of voltage stabilizer.In first embodiment, because the current drain in the voltage stabilizer 12 has reduced, so voltage stabilizer 12 can produce the constant voltage V12 till the cell voltage that is lower than cell voltage of the prior art.Therefore, microcomputer can use A/D converter 100 under the cell voltage that is lower than cell voltage of the prior art.
According to first embodiment, cell voltage V11 is as the power source voltage Vcc of microcomputer 10, and constant voltage V12 is as the reference voltage Vref of A/D conversion, therefore microcomputer 10 can drive load and not be subjected to the influence of the operating efficiency of voltage stabilizer 12 when using A/D converter 100, drops to up to cell voltage V11 till the lower limit (minimum operation voltage) of the operating voltage range that is lower than microcomputer 10.In addition, because do not need testing circuit and change-over circuit in the above-mentioned traditional battery powered apparatus, so except the pot life that prolongs battery powered apparatus 1, also might use the A/D converter of incorporating in the microcomputer 10 100 and not make the circuit arrangement of battery powered apparatus 1 complicated.
Fig. 2 shows battery powered apparatus 2 according to a second embodiment of the present invention.As shown in Figure 2, battery powered apparatus 2 comprise almost with first embodiment in those identical microcomputers 20, battery 21 and voltage stabilizer 22, and comprise indicating circuit 23.In addition, from the terminal of microcomputer 20, select the terminal #23 that connects (GND) and disconnection (Vcc) according to the control of microcomputer 20, and be used to control the control end of indicating circuit 23 with terminal #23 conduct.
Indicating circuit 23 is configured to the mode of operation according to the equipment 2 of the control pilot cell power supply of microcomputer 20.For example, circuit 23 is made of current-limiting resistor 231 and LED (light emitting diode) 232, and wherein an end of current-limiting resistor 231 links to each other with the plus end of battery 21, and LED232 is connected between the other end and control end #23 of resistance 231.In this configuration, when control end #23 and GND (#21) are inner when being connected with connection, then apply the cell voltage of battery 21 at the two ends of indicating circuit 23, LED232 is luminous then.On the contrary, when control end #23 and Vcc (#20) are inner when being connected with disconnection, LED232 extinguishes.Yet, being not limited to this, indicating circuit 23 can be LCD (LCD) etc.
When above-mentioned electronic equipment (prior art) when aforesaid indicating circuit is installed, two kinds of configurations are arranged.A kind of configuration is that the indication circuit is connected between the control end of microcomputer in the output of voltage stabilizer and the main circuit.In this configuration, because the current drain in voltage stabilizer has increased the amount of the current drain in the indicating circuit, and the operating efficiency of voltage stabilizer reduced, so the pot life of equipment becomes shorter.
Another kind of configuration be the indication circuit between battery and voltage stabilizer so that be connected in parallel with battery, and will be inserted in the indicating circuit by microcomputer-controlled on-off element (for example, NPN transistor etc.) series connection.Provide on-off element so that extinguish the LED of indicating circuit fully.Because if do not add on-off element, the voltage (Vcc) that is applied to control end when then disconnecting is lower than the cell voltage of battery, and the electric potential difference on the indicating circuit occurs being applied to.In order to omit on-off element, just need to use special-purpose microcomputer with control end, the voltage that wherein will be equal to, or greater than cell voltage when disconnecting is applied to this control end.Therefore, this configuration has the shortcoming that needs to increase on-off element or use special-purpose microcomputer.
According to second embodiment, because battery 21 provides the current drain in the indicating circuit 23 (I23), so compare with an above-mentioned configuration, the current drain in the voltage stabilizer 22 (I22) has reduced I23.Therefore, voltage stabilizer 22 can produce the constant voltage till the cell voltage that is lower than cell voltage of the prior art, and microcomputer 20 can use A/D converter under the cell voltage that is lower than cell voltage of the prior art.
Fig. 3 shows the battery powered apparatus 3 of a third embodiment in accordance with the invention.As shown in Figure 3, battery powered apparatus 3 comprise almost with first embodiment in those identical microcomputers 30, electric battery 31 and voltage stabilizer 32, and comprise motor 34 and on-off element (for example, NPN transistor etc.) 35 as load.In addition, from the terminal of microcomputer 30, select the terminal #34 that connects (HIGH (height)) and disconnection (LOW (low)) according to the control of microcomputer 30, and be used for controlling the control end of the driving of motors 34 with terminal #34 conduct by on-off element 35.
Motor 34 is connected in series with on-off element 35, and the tandem compound of motor 34 and on-off element 35 and battery 31 are connected in parallel.The control end of on-off element 35 (base stage) is connected with the control end #34 of microcomputer 30.Therefore, when applying high voltage with connection to control end #34, connect on-off element 35, drive motor 34 then.On the contrary, when applying low-voltage with disconnection to terminal #34, cut-off switch element 35 stops motor 34 then.
According to the 3rd embodiment, because motor 34 is connected with battery 31 with the cell voltage of battery 31 as its supply voltage, so voltage stabilizer 32 can produce the constant voltage till lower cell voltage, and microcomputer 30 can use its A/D converter 300 under lower cell voltage.Because this, even when motor big electric current of 34 startups causing and cell voltage decline, A/D converter can stably be operated and use to microcomputer 30 also.
Fig. 4 shows the battery powered apparatus 4 of a fourth embodiment in accordance with the invention.As shown in Figure 4, battery powered apparatus 4 comprise almost with the 3rd embodiment in those identical microcomputers 40, battery 41, motor 44 and on-off element 45, and comprise other connection detector 46 and the constant voltage source 42 different with the voltage stabilizer 32 of the 3rd embodiment.Battery 41 also is secondary battery (for example, lithium ion battery etc.), and it uses battery charger (again) charging of the separation of being represented by BC.BC is connected with one or more terminal (not shown) of microcomputer 40, and based on from the information (for example cell voltage of battery 41 etc.) of microcomputer 40 to battery charge.
In addition, selecting to be used for input from the terminal of microcomputer 40 connects (for example, LOW) or disconnect (for example, HIGH) the terminal #45 of signal, and be used to import the terminal of the testing result of connection detector 46 with terminal #45 conduct.From the terminal of microcomputer 40, select to connect (for example, HIGH) and disconnect (for example, terminal #46 LOW), and be used to control the control end of constant voltage source 42 with terminal #46 conduct according to the control of microcomputer 40.From the terminal of microcomputer 40, select the analog input end #47 of the A/D converter 400 in the microcomputer 40, and terminal #47 is connected with the anode of battery 41.
Connection detector 46 is configured to detect and being connected of BC.For example, connection detector 46 is made of detector switch 461 and pull-up resistor 462, wherein an end of detector switch 461 is connected with the negative terminal of battery 41 with terminal #45 respectively with the other end, and pull-up resistor 462 is connected an end of switch 461 and is applied with between the power input #40 of cell voltage.Therefore, when connecting switch 461, provide the testing result that be connected (LOW) of expression with BC to terminal #45.On the contrary, when cut-off switch 461, provide the testing result (HIGH) of expression with the disconnection of BC to terminal #45.
Constant voltage source 42 is configured to respectively to increase and to reduce the constant voltage as its output when the charging of battery 41 and discharge.For example, constant voltage source 42 is made of 3-terminal voltage stabilizer 421,3-terminal voltage stabilizer 422 and on-off element 423, wherein 3-terminal voltage stabilizer 421 derives constant voltage V421 from cell voltage, and 3-terminal voltage stabilizer 422 derives constant voltage V422 (V421＞V422) from cell voltage.On-off element 423 is according to the control signal from control end #46, constant voltage V421 or constant voltage V422 is applied to the reference voltage input terminal #42 of the A/D converter 400 in the microcomputer 40.Specifically, when the testing result of connection detector 46 was LOW, microcomputer for example high voltage was applied to control end #46, and on-off element 423 is applied to reference voltage input terminal #42 in response to this high voltage with constant voltage V421 then.On the contrary, when testing result was HIGH, microcomputer 40 for example low-voltage was applied to control end #46, and on-off element 423 is applied to terminal #42 in response to this low-voltage with constant voltage V422 then.
To battery 41 chargings the time, cell voltage is low, but constant voltage V421 is applied to reference voltage input terminal #42, so that increase the reference voltage of A/D converter 400, has therefore improved the accuracy of A/D conversion, and can carry out accurate A/D conversion.Particularly, because need the high detection accuracy of cell voltage to lithium ion cell charging the time, the 4th embodiment is available.In addition, when battery discharge, cell voltage is sufficiently high level, so constant voltage V421 switches to constant voltage V422, therefore might use A/D converter 400 under lower cell voltage when keeping A/D conversion accuracy.
In the embodiment that revises, BC comprises battery charge control IC (integrated circuit) etc., and being connected of detection such as the cell voltage by battery 41 two ends and battery 41, so that battery 41 is charged.In addition, microcomputer 40 is determined the charging and the discharge condition of battery 41 based on the charging indication output of for example sending from battery charge control IC.
In the embodiment of another modification, motor 44 is a stepper motor, and microcomputer 40 comprises and is used for this Stepping Motor Control device.The terminal of controller is connected with this stepper motor.
Fig. 5 shows battery powered apparatus 5 according to a fifth embodiment of the invention.As shown in Figure 5, battery powered apparatus 5 comprise almost with first embodiment in those identical microcomputers 50, battery 51 and voltage stabilizer 52, and the analog input end #57 that microcomputer 50 has A/D converter 500 is as the special terminal in the terminal of A/D converter 500, and the reference voltage input terminal #57 with A/D converter 500 is as another terminal.In addition, A/D converter 500 links to each other with the positive output end of voltage stabilizer 52 via analog input end #57, with the constant voltage of using voltage stabilizer 52 as being used for the input voltage that its A/D changes, and be connected with the anode of battery 51, so that with the cell voltage of battery 51 reference voltage as the A/D conversion via reference voltage input terminal #52.In Fig. 5, #50 is the power input of microcomputer 50.
In Fig. 1, A/D converter 100 is connected with the positive output end of voltage stabilizer 12 via reference voltage input terminal #12, and when using constant voltage V12, the aanalogvoltage that is applied to its analog input end (not shown) is converted to digital value as reference voltage Vref.This digital value (DV) is provided by following formula:
DV＝(V AD/Vref)×R，
V wherein ADBe the aanalogvoltage that is applied to analog input end, and R is the resolution of A/D conversion.For example, as shown in Figure 6, work as V ADDuring＜Vref, converter 100 is linearly in response to V AD(0.0 ..., 1.5..., 3.0[V]) and provide DV (0 ..., 512 ..., 1024), wherein R is 1024 (8), and Vref is 3.0V.
In the 5th embodiment, converter 500 will be applied to the aanalogvoltage (V of analog input end #57 when using cell voltage as reference voltage Vref AD) be converted to digital value (DV).For example, as shown in Figure 7, work as V ADDuring＜Vref converter 500 non-linearly in response to Vref (1.5..., 3.0 ..., 6.0[V]) and provide DV (1024 ..., 512 ..., 256), wherein R is 1024 (8), and V ADBe 1.5V.
According to the 5th embodiment, the current drain in the voltage stabilizer 52 (I52) has reduced the current consumption (I50) in the microcomputer 50, so voltage stabilizer 52 can produce the constant voltage till the cell voltage that is lower than cell voltage of the prior art.Therefore, microcomputer 50 can use A/D converter 500 under the cell voltage that is lower than cell voltage of the prior art.In addition, might obtain the A/D conversion value of cell voltage according to the difference between cell voltage in the reference voltage input terminal #52 and the constant voltage in the analog input end #57.
Though described the present invention with reference to some preferred embodiment, under the situation that does not break away from the real spirit and scope of the present invention, those skilled in the art can carry out many modifications and change.

Claims (9)

1, a kind of battery powered apparatus is characterized in that comprising:
Battery;
Constant voltage source, its cell voltage from described battery two ends derives constant voltage; And
Microcomputer has wherein been incorporated A/D converter at least into, and has terminal and the power input that is used for A/D converter,
Described microcomputer is connected with described battery via described power input, using described cell voltage as its supply voltage,
Described A/D converter is connected with described constant voltage source via the special terminal of the described terminal that is used for A/D converter, to use the voltage of described constant voltage as A/D converter.
2, battery powered apparatus as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described A/D converter is connected with described constant voltage source as the reference voltage input terminal of described special terminal via it, to use the reference voltage of described constant voltage as its A/D conversion.
3, battery powered apparatus as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that:
Described microcomputer has the analog input end of described A/D converter as described special terminal, and the reference voltage input terminal with described A/D converter is as described another terminal that is used for the terminal of this A/D converter; And
Described A/D converter is connected with described constant voltage source via described analog input end, to use described constant voltage as the input voltage that is used for its A/D conversion, and be connected with described battery via described reference voltage input terminal, to use described cell voltage as the reference voltage that is used for its A/D conversion.
4, battery powered apparatus as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that also comprising: indicating circuit, and the mode of operation of described battery powered apparatus is indicated in its control according to described microcomputer, wherein:
Described microcomputer also has control end; And
Described indicating circuit is connected with described control end receiving described control, and is connected to use described cell voltage as its supply voltage with described battery.
5, battery powered apparatus as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that also comprising: indicating circuit, and the mode of operation of described battery powered apparatus is indicated in its control according to described microcomputer, wherein:
Described microcomputer also has control end; And
Described indicating circuit is connected with described control end receiving described control, and is connected to use described cell voltage as its supply voltage with described battery.
6, battery powered apparatus as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that also comprising: motor, it is connected with described battery, to use described cell voltage as its supply voltage.
7, battery powered apparatus as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that also comprising: motor, it is connected with described battery, to use described cell voltage as its supply voltage.
8, battery powered apparatus as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that:
Described battery is a secondary battery; And
Described constant voltage source increases and reduces described constant voltage respectively when the charging of described battery and discharge.
9, battery powered apparatus as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that:
Described battery is a secondary battery; And
Described constant voltage source increases and reduces described constant voltage respectively when the charging of described battery and discharge.
CNU2006200030968U 2005-02-28 2006-02-28 Battery power supply equipment Expired - Fee Related CN2921916Y (en)

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EP1696571A1 (en) 2006-08-30
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US7525282B2 (en) 2009-04-28
CN100440683C (en) 2008-12-03
HK1092597A1 (en) 2007-02-09

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