CN2867606Y - Bipolar plastering non-maintenance lead-acid battery - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a bipolar pasted maintenance-free lead-acid storage battery. In prior art, the battery has complicated structure and process, and low energy. The inventive storage battery comprises anti-corrosion metallic plate bottom, peripheral frame, wherein the metallic plate is disposed on middle of the peripheral frame to form two containers with metallic plate bottom and outward opening. Active substance is injecting in the container to form bipolar electrode. Each two bipolar electrodes are combined to lead out wiring to form bipolar pasted maintenance-free lead-acid storage battery. The utility model has simple structure and manufacture, and good performance.

Description

Ambipolar paste spread type maintenance-free lead accumulator

Technical field

The utility model belongs to electrochemical field, is a kind of structure of ambipolar paste spread type maintenance-free lead accumulator.

Background technology

The lead acid accumulator price is not expensive, manufacturing process is simple, raw material obtain easily, its invertibity makes us admiring in suitable temperature range, this just makes this storage battery become the king of persistent erection economically, though lead acid accumulator has sesquicentennial history, still occupies the half of the country in the storage battery field.

The pole piece of lead acid accumulator mainly contains two kinds of flat and tubular types, and the grid that plate electrode is made of lead alloy is the skeleton that compiles electric current, coats the lead plaster of negative or positive electrode, changes into the pole piece of the anodal worker's negative pole that just becomes lead acid accumulator through energising.Tubular pole compiles the skeleton of electric current with the conduct of lead alloy bar, skeleton is put into the sleeve pipe central authorities that glass fibre or organic fiber are made into, fill brown lead oxide with specialized apparatus between sleeve pipe and the skeleton and make tubular pole, filling brown lead oxide is easy to pollute, tubular pole can be single also can interconnecting through skeleton with many single tubes, permutation and combination tubular pole in a row, no matter plate electrode or tubular pole, the positive plate of these electrodes and negative pole all are single, distinguished by strictness, in order to distinguish with bipolar electrode, these electrodes are called one pole type electrode.

Pole piece is through the synthetic battery of assembled group, every flat pole need wrap up with barrier film, just pressing again, requirement between negative is arranged, respectively the grid of anodal and negative pole is tied with leads, just become the electrode group, put into battery case and form battery, electric current and voltage and the space that can provide and the weight of needs when using then is provided for the profile of pole piece and quantity, in order to satisfy under the situation of operating current, obtain effective operating voltage, the designer generally adopts less current density (electric current that the pole piece unit are is born) to increase the number of pole piece and enlarges the surface area of pole piece, and the thing followed is that the shared volume of barrier film increases.The shared volume of pole piece or active material reduces, this is unfavorable for the raising of volumetric specific energy, battery by this sample loading mode combination, two limits have two pole pieces can only have one side to work, being equivalent to every battery must have two pole pieces to be in the state of putting in midair, the many more pole pieces of putting in midair like this of battery are also many more, and this all is disadvantageous to volumetric specific energy and gravimetric specific energy.

Most of occasions are actual, and what use is lead-acid batteries, it is combined by series connection and parallel connection by a plurality of batteries, the battery case of batteries is made into many spaces on request, every space can be used as the shell of a battery, such structure is very tight, because can need not for each battery be equipped with shell but each other common enclosure saved limited space, reach instructions for use intensity, these dividing plates must have enough thickness according to materials used character, and the effect of battery case just makes do not circulate between each battery electrolyte and insulation.

Series and parallel work is owing to the severe corrosive of electrolyte can only be finished with leads in the lead-acid batteries, the positive pole of each battery and negative pole connect with grid, the skeleton of leads and pole piece respectively, series and parallel between the battery also connects with leads to be implemented, in order to shorten the distance that connects between the battery, directly pass cell wall and connect, again with close, the leak stopping of epoxy resin envelope, it is very easy that this procedure has become now subsequently, but essential, it is exactly conduction that used leads has only an effect.

The batteries that the calandria electrode is formed has long useful life.Under the service condition of deep discharge, can reach cycle life 2000 times, a kind of typical calandria electrode can be made up of 15,19 or 23 sleeve pipes, it can guarantee electrode than higher electric current is arranged under the hypopolarization.But, this storage battery preparation technology is complicated, the filling active material need use specially designed filling machine, ventilation equipment that this need of work is huge and a large amount of air of purification, it is high and harmful to health to fill the sleeve pipe expense, though many new technologies can be dealt with problems now, but manufacturing cost is higher relatively, can't popularize at home.

Maintenance-free lead accumulator has multiple, and the imbibition type maintenance-free lead accumulator is a product common on the China market.Its principle is the control charging current, reduces electric current behind the storage battery full charge rapidly, makes storage battery be in floating charge state, prevent that gas from separating out or separating out less, because by electrolysis or few by electrolysis, storage battery just not need not supplementing water in use to the water in the electrolyte, safeguards.Another kind is to consume the gas of separating out with electrode, the electric weight ratio of control positive and negative electrode, positive pole is at first sufficient when storage battery is sufficient, so what at first separate out is oxygen, oxygen is diffused into negative pole by barrier film, generate lead oxide with the lead reaction of negative pole, under the electric current that overcharges promoted, the hydrogen in lead oxide and the electrolyte was combined into water again, therefore the electric energy that overcharges just changes into heat energy, and brine electrolysis not.

Therefore, people wish to obtain the specific energy big lead acid accumulator of trying one's best, and at use Maintenance free again, price is low, actual conditions are also not exclusively use up people's will, the specific energy of storage battery is by operating current, operating voltage, operating time and weight, the volume Several Factors is formed, in limited space and weight, improve discharging current and will reduce operating voltage, shorten working hours, in order under bigger operating current, to obtain higher operating voltage, must increase the number of pole piece in each battery and the surface area of pole piece, this causes the increase of barrier film quantity again, taken limited space, reduced the quantity of active material in the storage battery, shortened working hours.Each battery all has the so-called limit sheet of putting in midair inevitably in the storage battery of this spline structure, has expended limited space, weight.Be combined into batteries from one pole type pole piece, must with dividing plate separately with leads pole piece and battery be tied again, expended bigger weight and volume each battery.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of this utility model is to obtain a kind of rational in infrastructure, manufacture craft is simple, specific energy is big ambipolar paste spread type maintenance-free lead accumulator.

A kind of ambipolar paste spread type maintenance-free lead accumulator that the utility model proposes, by metallic plate, electrode frame, barrier film is formed, electrode is made up of metallic plate 9 and framework 10, four limits of metallic plate 9 are frameworks 10, formation is two containers at the end with the metallic plate, promptly two shared metallic plates 9 of container are the end, opening direction is not connected again on the contrary, be filled with anode diachylon 12 and cathode lead plaster 13 in two containers respectively, be ambipolar paste spread type pole piece, barrier film 4 is arranged, by barrier film 4 between pole piece and the pole piece, superposition is combined into batteries between pole piece and the pole piece, and there is cover plate 7 the batteries top.

In the utility model, framework is to be four limits of two containers at the end with the metallic plate, and wherein cross section, three limits is respectively a concave-convex, is beneficial to chimeric superposition between the pole piece, one side and top be the plane, leave hole during the pole piece superposition.

In the utility model, conducting matrix grain 11 is arranged in the pole piece.

In the utility model, conducting matrix grain 11 is to place netted between the metal polar plate or directly be fixed on nail shape skeleton on the metal polar plate.

In the utility model, the both sides of storage battery, Yi Bian be anodal one pole sheet 3, another side is a negative pole one pole sheet, drawing on the metallic plate of one pole sheet has lead 8, forms the batteries of series connection.

In the utility model, be the shared bipolar sheets of same polarity in the middle of two group storage batteries, form batteries in parallel.

In the utility model, layer electro-coppering or Copper Foil 15 are arranged on the one pole metallic plate 9.

In the utility model, there is hole 14 framework 10 tops when pole piece and the combination of pole piece superposition.

In the utility model, the batteries that is combined into is with battery case outward.

In the utility model, batteries upper cover plate 7 has safety valve, liquid injection hole.

The utility model execution mode more specifically is described below:

Around the corrosion resistant metallic plate with insulating and corrosion-resistant material is made framework, the firm sealed knot of metallic plate and framework, form two containers, these two shared metallic plates of container are done the end, opening direction is opposite, not connected again, these two volumes of a container are by its degree of depth decision, regulate the depth scale of container and can regulate two container volume ratios, obtain can be used as two containers of anodal and negative pole on the two sides of a metallic plate, in these two containers, fill satisfactory anode diachylon and cathode lead plaster respectively, just form ambipolar paste spread type pole piece, be called ambipolar pole piece, such pole piece, anodal and negative pole is combined into all over the body, and positive pole and negative pole are separated by a metallic plate and not connected, but conduct electricity mutually by metallic plate.

Ambipolar pole piece can be combined into battery easily, the positive pole of two ambipolar pole piece a slices is relative with the negative pole of another sheet, the centre is provided with satisfactory barrier film, just be combined into a battery, the battery that is combined into like this, both sides are two metallic plates, the active material of positive pole and negative pole is between two metallic plates, active material anodal and negative pole is among the electric field fully during energising, and the such limit sheet of battery that does not exist one pole type combination of electrodes to become is favourable to improving specific energy.

The afflux skeleton of the utility model electrode and the contact area of active material directly influence the electrical property of electrode, and in one pole type electrode, it is the grizzly bar of rhombus that the grid of afflux often adopts sectional area, contact with active material in order that make it have bigger surface area.The bipolar electrode monoblock, the metallic plate that surface area is identical with electrode is made afflux spare, and its surface area is not second to grid, and the electrical property of bipolar electrode should be better than one pole type electrode with regard to this respect.But, the battery that bipolar electrode is combined into, a slice positive pole and negative pole can only be arranged, its surface area is just very limited, the operating current that causes reality to bear is less, not as one pole type electrode can become battery with the multi-disc combination of electrodes, can in a big way, regulate the surface area of electrode, satisfy instructions for use, so just dwindled the range of application of bipolar electrode, the battery of one pole type combination can be regulated electrode when needs increase electric weight number is satisfied, can only improve electric weight with the thickness that increases pole piece in the battery that ambipolar pole piece is formed, the thick more internal resistance of pole piece is just big more, and this has just limited the electric weight of battery, above-mentioned two problems also can be solved with the mode of parallel connection, but this makes the application of bipolar electrode seem that some is inadequate.

The utility model adopts the method that embeds a conducting matrix grain in positive active material, three-dimensional network that compiles electric current of the common composition of the metallic plate of this conducting matrix grain and bottom.Conducting matrix grain can also be directly to be fixed on nail shape on the metallic plate etc. except being the wire netting of braiding, as straight shape, and spirality etc.Conducting matrix grain has certain intensity and electric conductivity, and use can be stood the corrosion of electrolyte, and its structure and profile can design according to instructions for use and anodal profile.

Conducting matrix grain can make at a distance active material obtain nearby or ejected electron is finished and filled, the discharge chemistry reaction, electronics is pooled on the metallic plate of bottom at an easy rate by conducting matrix grain, one pole type thickness of electrode generally just has been called thick pole piece to 8 millimeters to 10 millimeters, one pole type electrode can carry out chemical reaction at two faces, and a utmost point thickness of bipolar electrode should be at 4 millimeters to 5 millimeters, this restriction has just been broken after embedding conducting matrix grain, conducting matrix grain can increase thereupon when pole piece thickness thickens, as long as in the active material enough passages are arranged, the electrolyte intermediate ion can reach the dark sheet of pole piece easily, and therefore having reduced pole piece thickens the influence that is brought.In the active material, this passage exists in the pole piece of imbibition type maintenance-free lead accumulator, and the application of conducting matrix grain makes bipolar electrode can change the electric weight of battery by adjusting pole piece thickness, and negative pole also can use conducting matrix grain where necessary.

The common three-dimensional network of forming that compiles electric current of conducting matrix grain and bottom metal, improved the area that contacts with active material significantly, therefore improved the electrical property of bipolar electrode, the current density that the bipolar electrode after the improvement can bear obtains growth at double.

Bipolar electrode is easy to be combined into batteries, because bipolar electrode just, the negative pole direction is opposite, as long as it is staggered relatively according to positive pole and negative pole between per two ambipolar pole pieces, the principle of barrier film is put in the centre, stack piecewise, two one pole sheets that have only the one side positive pole and have only a negative pole are set respectively on both sides, on the metallic plate of one pole sheet, draw lead, just be combined into the batteries of series connection, in the needs parallel connection, the common electrode that can place a slice two sides and all be positive pole or two sides between two Battery pack groups or two batteries and all be negative pole just forms in parallel, on the metal base plate of common electrode, draw lead and can be used as shared tie-point, in such batteries, the metallic plate of bipolar electrode is that to compile part be again the dividing plate that separates between two batteries and implement string for the electric current of battery, conduction union body in parallel.

The electric current of one pole type electrode concentrates conduction to come out by the lug that is positioned at the pole plate top, plumbous electric conductivity is not as copper, the design of grid the influences big electric current ohmmic drop in the pole plate when flowing, U.S. Globe affiliated company adopts the grid structure that vertical rib is tilted directly point to lug to improve flowing of current direction lug.The storage battery that the utility model is combined into does not just have this trouble, as long as draw lead from the metallic plate central authorities of one pole, perhaps burn-oning some copper wires or on metallic plate, electroplate layer of copper on the metal again, compound copper pool, such problem just all has been readily solved, therefore the one pole employing measure on the limit improves the ohmmic drop in the pole plate, and whole batteries has several batteries all can be benefited, and this is that other lead-acid batteries can't be accomplished.

When two bipolar electrodes were fitted through barrier films, their frame also fit together, can electrolyte leakage in order to guarantee between the frame sealing, and can on frame, slot and annotate adhesive glue.The shell of the utility model electric power storage group when combination of electrodes becomes batteries has also formed.Certainly, need higher outer cover intensity and can overlap a battery case again, the frame of bipolar electrode should be regarded the part of battery or electric power storage assembly housing as, and on this meaning, bipolar electrode is real no frame electrode.

The utility model frame above bipolar electrode is reserved the hole breach, when closing up, two ambipolar pole pieces just above battery, reserve the slit, be convenient to electrolyte and successfully flow into battery, there are some and the corresponding footpath of battery in the inboard of batteries lid, the lid that closes just forms an air chamber on each battery, each air chamber electrolyte that can not circulate is each other guaranteed in the footpath that covers, and covers also should have safety valve, liquid injection hole and positive and negative pole.

The battery that is combined into by bipolar electrode has only a slice anodal facing to a slice negative pole, needed barrier film is limited between the two poles of the earth, its quantity is only relevant with the surface area of bipolar electrode, compare with the battery that multi-disc one pole type combination of electrodes becomes, the shared volume ratio of barrier film reduces significantly, more space is filled and the active material of discharge direct correlation thereby can reserve, and helps improving the specific energy of battery.

Compare with traditional lead acid storage battery group, each battery of ambipolar paste spread type lead-acid batteries just has only, negative two pole pieces, the volume ratio that barrier film occupied is reduced to a minimum, and do not exist and be in the limit sheet of configuration state in midair, help improving the specific energy of storage battery, the metallic plate of ambipolar pole piece had both played the effect that compiles electric current, be again dividing plate that separates between two batteries and the conduction union body that interconnects, this not only helps improving the specific energy of storage battery, reduced the interior resistance of battery pack again, the conduction union body so short, and conductive cross-sectional area big like this (equaling the area of electrode) be other lead acid accumulator can't than like.Ambipolar paste spread type lead acid accumulator has fully phased out and must divide every one pole type electrode positive and negative electrode to connect respectively with leads; The conventional processes that connects by the series and parallel requirement with leads again between the battery.Exist the ohmmic drop in the one pole type electrode, especially big pole piece leads to big electric current, influence the performance of batteries, ambipolar paste spread type lead acid accumulator has solved the problem that does not solve fully for many years, need only the central authorities that the node of lead-out wire are placed on one pole sheet metallic plate, perhaps on metallic plate, weld some copper wires again; Electroplate a layer of copper or a compound Copper Foil on metallic plate, all eliminate the ohmmic drop of all pole pieces in the whole storage battery, and bipolar electrode is real no frame electrode.Ambipolar paste spread type lead acid accumulator simplifies the structure, and has reduced operation, has improved performance, has improved reliability, has increased the potentiality that improve specific energy.The application of conducting matrix grain has improved the electrical property of bipolar electrode, and it has broken through the restriction of ambipolar pole piece thickness, makes battery can have bigger electric weight, has also improved the current density that can bear simultaneously, has enlarged the scope of application.Principle the utility model about maintenance-free lead accumulator also can be used in ambipolar paste spread type lead acid accumulator, introduce the technology of imbibition type maintenance-free lead accumulator in manufacture process, use special-purpose controller control charging process, can reach non-maintaining effect equally.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present utility model.

Fig. 2 is an electrode structural chart of the present utility model.

Fig. 3 is the utility model anode electrode structure chart.

Fig. 4 is the utility model negative electrode structure chart.

Fig. 5 is the utility model common electrode structure figure.

1 is the negative pole of bipolar electrode among the above-mentioned figure, the 2nd, and the positive pole of bipolar electrode, the 3rd, unipolar positive pole, the 4th, barrier film, the 5th, unipolar metallic plate, the 6th, air chamber, the 7th, the cover plate of placement safety valve, liquid injection hole groove, the 8th, be welded on the lead-out wire on the single electrode metallic plate, the 9th, metallic plate, the 10th, framework, the 11st, conducting matrix grain, the 12nd, anode diachylon, the 13rd, cathode lead plaster, the 14th, lead-out wire hole.

Embodiment

At a 26cm ²The corrosion resistant metallic plate around be injection molded into 4 frames, border width is 15cm, metallic plate places in the middle of the frame, forming metallic plate is opposite two the not connected again containers of bottom opening direction.Fill the positive and negative electrode lead plaster in the container respectively, be ambipolar paste spread type pole piece, two each three frame cross sections of container are respectively concave-convexes, and it is chimeric to be beneficial to the pole piece superposition.Six groups of pole piece superpositions are combined into batteries.The lid of system one corresponding size above the batteries of forming, there is the protruding footpath of respective electrical number of poles the inboard of lid, closes to cover to form an air chamber on each battery, and each air chamber electrolyte that can not circulate is each other guaranteed in the footpath that covers.Cover the due safety valve of preparation storage battery, liquid injection hole and positive and negative pole.

Above-mentioned battery during with battery combination the both sides pole piece of outermost be respectively that anodal one pole, negative pole one pole are then formed the batteries of connecting; If be the shared pole piece (two sides all is anodal or all is negative poles) of same polarity when battery and battery combination, then form the multiple-connected battery group therebetween.

Claims (10)

1, a kind of ambipolar paste spread type maintenance-free lead accumulator, by metallic plate, electrode frame, barrier film is formed, it is characterized in that electrode is made up of metallic plate (9) and framework (10), four limits of metallic plate (9) are framework (10), formation is two containers at the end with the metallic plate, promptly two shared metallic plates of container (9) are the end, opening direction is not connected again on the contrary, be filled with anode diachylon (12) and cathode lead plaster (13) in two containers respectively, be ambipolar paste spread type pole piece, barrier film (4) is arranged, by barrier film (4) between pole piece and the pole piece, superposition is combined into batteries between pole piece and the pole piece, and there is cover plate (7) the batteries top.

2, ambipolar paste spread type maintenance-free lead accumulator as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that the cross section, three limits of framework (10) is respectively a concave-convex, Yi Bian above be the plane.

3, ambipolar paste spread type maintenance-free lead accumulator as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that having in the pole piece conducting matrix grain (11).

4, ambipolar paste spread type maintenance-free lead accumulator as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that conducting matrix grain (11) is to place netted between the metal polar plate or directly be fixed on nail shape skeleton on the metal polar plate.

5, ambipolar paste spread type maintenance-free lead accumulator as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that the both sides of storage battery, Yi Bian be anodal one pole sheet (3), another side is a negative pole one pole sheet, drawing on the metallic plate of one pole sheet has lead (8), forms the batteries of series connection.

6, ambipolar paste spread type maintenance-free lead accumulator as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that in the middle of two group storage batteries be the shared bipolar sheets of same polarity, forms batteries in parallel.

7, ambipolar paste spread type maintenance-free lead accumulator as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that layer electro-coppering or Copper Foil (15) are arranged on the one pole metallic plate (9).

8, ambipolar paste spread type maintenance-free lead accumulator as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that framework (10) top porose (14).

9, ambipolar paste spread type maintenance-free lead accumulator as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that the batteries that is combined into is with battery case outward.

10, ambipolar paste spread type maintenance-free lead accumulator as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that batteries upper cover plate (7) has safety valve, liquid injection hole.

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