CN2863584Y - Automatic detecting device for railway vehicle wheel pair - Google Patents
Automatic detecting device for railway vehicle wheel pair Download PDFInfo
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- CN2863584Y CN2863584Y CN 200620023308 CN200620023308U CN2863584Y CN 2863584 Y CN2863584 Y CN 2863584Y CN 200620023308 CN200620023308 CN 200620023308 CN 200620023308 U CN200620023308 U CN 200620023308U CN 2863584 Y CN2863584 Y CN 2863584Y
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Abstract
An automatic detecting device for railway car wheel assembly, which belongs to the field of measuring technology, can be used to detect quickly and accurately the geometric parameters of the wheel assembly. Its technical project is: the device comprises four ultrasonic sensors, five sets of CCD imaging sensor, a data acquisition cards A/D, a data acquisition cards and a project control machine, wherein the lead-out of the four ultrasonic sensors are connected respectively with the D0 to D3 channel of the data acquisition cards A/D, and connected with the communication terminal of the project control machine through bus PCI-1. The five sets of CCD imaging sensor are connected respectively with the D0 to D4 channel of the image acquisition cards, which connects with the communication terminal of the project control machine through bus PCI-2. This device makes full use of optics, CCD image processing technique and ultrasonic ranging technology together, realizing the railway car wheel assembly's automatic detecting and automatic data processing. The device has the benefits of zero abrasion, good stability, quick detecting and high accuracy.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of detecting device right to railway vehicle wheel, belongs to field of measuring technique.
Background technology
The right every basic specification of railway vehicle wheel is the guarantee of wheel to quality, and it relates to wheel each link to processing, operation and maintenance, all must carry out strict detection in production and maintenance process.Particularly follow railway operation significantly to raise speed and accelerated wheel, more need in time to detect maintenance, to guarantee traffic safety abrasion.
The self-measuring of taking turns geometric parameter is mainly contained following several method both at home and abroad at present:
1. adopt Portable Measurement Instrument to measure
Adopt various sensor technologies to measure the shape and the size of wheel tread, as the portable wheel section gauge instrument of the international development eighties in electric mechanical 20th century of Co., Ltd of the U.S., the roller tread profile survey meter of Denmark's development, domestic also have similar measuring instrument and means.The shortcoming of this class method of measurement is: measurement parameter is few, degree of automation is low, still need manual intervention, can not realize the workshop self-measuring, can't satisfy the needs of railway fast development.
2. adopt touch sensor to measure
Touch sensor be with wheel to propping with carriage, and allow its rotation, measure various physical dimensions with multiple touch sensor.The major defect of this method of measurement is: because wheel very easily causes the damage of touch sensor to surface imperfection and coarse, bring bigger problem to practical application.
3. non-contact measurement
Chinese patent 01204623.X and 00238272.3 discloses " a kind of wheel automatic checkout equipment " and " wheel is to automatic checkout equipment " two pieces of documents respectively, their propose to adopt a plurality of area array CCDs and line array CCD camera, are equipped with that comparatively complicated transmission device is realized wheel rim thickness, abrades, peeled off, 3 inboard self-measurings apart from, tread size shape abrasion, wheel seat shaft diameter and axle mid-diameters.But this covering device structure is too complicated, and the measurement of all parameters need be taken turns just finishing at several diverse locations, and measuring period is long, measuring mechanism is complicated.Simultaneously, owing to need to adopt the CCD technology at first to obtain tread profile, indirect calculation goes out key parameters such as wheel is thick to wheel rim, tread wear, thereby survey precision is limited.Chinese patent also discloses the document of " railway vehicle wheel is to the geometric parameter automatic device measuring " for No. 01108526.6, this patent proposes a kind of more complicated measuring mechanism, entire mechanism comprises 4 measuring mechanisms and 2 horizontal supposition measuring mechanisms, measure hour wheel to rotating, measuring mechanism itself also needs motion, make that measuring period is longer, structure is more complicated, inconvenience is applied.
US Patent discloses a kind of method that can be used for static and dynamic measurement wheel pattern for No. 5636026, the main laser measuring technique that adopts of this device, install on the line, can the self-measuring wheel rim thick, wheel rim is thick, wheel rim is wide, the shape of tread key component and tread diameter.But this device not only needs disconnected rail, and complexity is installed, and because the measured surface pattern changes greatly, directly adopts laser measuring technique to position measurement, and survey precision is affected.Other has a US Patent to disclose 26 laser sensors of minimum installation on the road of every sideline for No. 5936737, when wheel passes through, can measure parameters such as rim for automobile wheel is thick, wheel rim is wide, wheel rim is thick, tread diameter, tread profile.But this device need be laid special rail these sensors are installed, and cost is very high, is difficult to promote.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved in the utility model provides a kind ofly can carry out the device of railway vehicle wheel to automatic detection fast, accurately and easily.
The technical scheme that addresses the above problem is:
A kind of railway vehicle wheel is to automatic checkout equipment, it is made up of 4 ultrasonic transduter P1, P2, P3, P4,5 cover ccd image sensor CCD1, CCD2, CCD3, CCD4, CCD5, data collecting card, image pick-up card and industrial computer, wherein, ultrasonic transduter P1, P2 are fixed on wheel to the inboard, sensor transducing face points to the wheel rim medial surface, P3, P4 are fixed on the left and right wheel rim outside, and sensor transducing face points to the wheel rim lateral surface; CCD image sensor 1, CCD2 are installed in respectively in the left and right wheel rim outer space of taking turns, the sensor camera be oriented to vertical top line of centers O, and with the wheel plane parallel, CCD4, CCD5 are installed in left and right inboard, wheel plane of taking turns respectively, and be positioned at the top of top line of centers, and the camera of sensor is perpendicular to wheel inboard, plane, and CCD3 is installed in the right inboard central space of wheel, the sensor camera vertically faces toward wheel to the axle edge, and perpendicular with axle; The mouth of 4 ultrasonic transduters connects D0～D3 passage of data collecting card A/D respectively, and is connected with the communication ends of industrial computer by the PCI-1 bus; 5 cover imageing sensors join with the passage D0～D4 of image pick-up card respectively, and the latter's mouth is connected with the communication ends of industrial computer through the PCI-2 bus.
Above-mentioned railway vehicle wheel is to automatic checkout equipment, and described industrial computer joins through LAN mouth and monitored control system HMIS.
Above-mentioned railway vehicle wheel is to automatic checkout equipment, and described industrial computer joins through LPT mouth and chopping machine PRIN.
The utility model light harvesting is learned, ccd image technology and ultrasonic measuring distance technology be in one, can be easy to the self-measuring and the automatic data processing that realize that railway vehicle wheel is right, measures the situation that needs complex mechanisms such as measuring table thereby thoroughly changed in the past.This device all adopts noncontact measurement, does not have abrasion, and the proving installation debugging has quite high stability after finishing and fixing, and does not need basically to safeguard.This measurement device time is short, and whole the wheel can be less than 3 minutes to measurement process.In addition, it also has the high advantage of survey precision, to wheel diameter, wheel rim thickness, rim width, inboard distance, flange thickness, the abrasion of tread circumference, a mid-diameter, eccentric isoparametric survey precision all in ± 0.3～0.4mm.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 be in the utility model measured wheel to and survey sensor between the relative tertiary location scheme drawing;
Fig. 2 is the birds-eye view of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is that wheel is to detected parameters explanation scheme drawing;
Fig. 4 is the utility model electrical schematic diagram.
Each label is among the figure: CCD1, CCD2, CCD3, CCD4, CCD5 are image sensor; P1, P2, P3, P4 are the ultrasonic displacement sensor; D is the wheel footpath; B2 is that wheel rim is thick; L is a distance between backs of wheel flanges; H1 is that wheel rim is thick; B1 is that wheel rim is wide; FCARD is an image collection card; A/D is a data collecting card; IPC is an industrial computer; PRIT is a chopping machine; HMIS is a upper computer.
The specific embodiment
As we can see from the figure, the utility model has adopted the right geometric parameter of mode measuring pulley that CCD1, CCD2, CCD3, CCD4, CCD5 five cover CCD image sensors and P1, P2, four ultrasonic displacement sensors of P3, P4 combine.Data collecting card A/D carries out the collection of analog signal, and is converted to digital signal, adopts PCI-DASK9111-DG.Image collection card FCARD adopts MATROX METEOR-II/STANDARD, and performance is very stable.Ultrasonic transduter adopts UC500-18GM75-U-V15; Image sensor adopts WV-BP330/G.
Its installation site is: two sensors of P1 and P2 are installed in the right inboard of wheel, and the central left-right symmetric of axle is at a distance of 1000mm relatively, and two sensors of P3 and P4 are installed in the right lateral surface of wheel, distance P 1 and two sensor 250mm of P2 respectively.Five cover CCD image sensors are installed on the body, about two cover CCD1 and CCD2 be installed in apart from shaft centre line vertical level direction 730mm, distance axis line of centers horizontal direction 800mm place, CCD4 and CCD5 were installed in shaft centre line and vertical level, the distance axis line of centers 730mm place that makes progress, CCD3 is installed in axle central authorities top, distance axis line of centers 80mm place.
Combine with four ultrasonic displacement sensors to record by five cover CCD image sensors and take turns right geometric parameter.Four ultrasonic displacement sensors can record parameters such as wheel rim is wide, distance between backs of wheel flanges, inboard in addition two ultrasonic displacement sensors play the role of positioning, to determine the position at left and right wheels medial surface 70mm place in wheel, finish axle mid-diameter, wheel footpath parameters such as () the multiple spot wheel directly and left and right wheels is directly poor, parameters such as wheel rim is thick, wheel rim is thick, the abrasion of tread circumference.
After installation, the relation that needs the spatial coordinates position between two ultrasonic displacement sensors of composite calibration P1, P2 and CCD1, the CCD2, the distance that the spacing of the 70mm that demarcates is recorded sensor is P1 initial distance, P2 initial distance, and the coordinate of record CCD1, CCD2 is CCD1 mark 70mm, CCD270mm mark, CCD1 mark 12m, CCD212mm mark.M1, M2, M3, M4, M5 are the pixel ratio of image sensor.
D surveys an a left side=D mark left side+2 (CCD1 mark 70mm-CCD1 surveys 70mm) * M1;
D surveys the right side=D mark right side+2 (CCD2 mark 70mm-CCD2 surveys 70mm) * M2;
H1 surveys revolver rim thickness=h1 mark revolver rim thickness+(CCD4 mark-CCD4 survey) * M4;
H1 surveys right wheel rim thickness=h1 and marks right wheel rim thickness+(CCD5 mark-CCD5 survey) * M5;
D surveys axle central authorities=d parameter central authorities+(CCD3 mark-CCD3 survey) * M3;
B2 survey the revolver edge thick=b2 mark revolver edge is thick+(CCD1 mark 12mm-CCD1 surveys) * M1;
B2 survey right wheel rim thick=b2 mark right wheel rim thick+(CCD2 mark 12mm-CCD2 survey) * M2;
Tread wear (h2-27) is surveyed left side abrasion=tread wear (h2-27) mark left side abrasion+(CCD1 mark 70mm-CCD1 surveys 70mm) * M1; Tread wear (h2-27) is surveyed the right abrasion of right abrasion=tread wear (h2-27) mark+(CCD2 mark 70mm-CCD2 surveys 70mm) * M2;
The above coordinate all refers to X-axis or Y-axis coordinate figure.
The above-mentioned wheel is defined as follows detected parameters:
Axle mid-diameter d: place's diameter in the middle of the spindle; Wheel footpath D: the diameter that refers to wheel rolling circle (apart from wheel rim medial surface 70mm place); The thick b2 of wheel rim: the tread rolling circle tread datum line thick size of outer rim in the 12mm place that makes progress; Distance between backs of wheel flanges L: the distance between the two-wheeled medial surface; The thick h1 of wheel rim: circular arc is to the thickness of wheel footpath detection place in the wheel rim inboard; The wide b1 of wheel rim: the distance in the wheel rim between the outside; Tread wear (h2-27): the difference of wheel measured place, footpath and former molded dimension.
Wherein, determine that measured wheel medial surface 70mm place in wheel is unusual important parameters, it with the survey parameter in left and right wheels directly, the directly related companies of parameter such as wheel rim is thick, wheel rim is thick, the abrasion of tread circumference.
Measured wheel can record the distance of wheel to left and right sides medial surface by P1, P2 when measuring, and with the distance versus of timing signal, and calculates the variation of left and right sides medial surface distance, and location, 70mm place is to be benchmark with the medial surface, so has identical variation.Imaging ratio according to CCD1, CCD2 can calculate 70mm place coordinate, adopts certain algorithm to search the edge according to this coordinate, with standard wheels to relatively calculating parameters such as left and right wheels footpath, abrasion, wheel rim are thick, off-centre.CCD3 is according to the standard wheels pair relatively calculating shaft mid-diameter right with measured wheel.CCD1, CCD2, CCD4, CCD5 and P1, P2 finish the thick measurement of left and right sides wheel rim jointly, wheel rim is thick to be the thickness of the inboard circle of 70mm reference plane, CCD1, CCD2 and P1, P2 obtain the situation of datum line, CCD4, CCD5 obtain the situation of inboard circle, obtain the thick size of relevant wheel rim jointly, the situation that the combined standard wheel is demarcated can calculate the wheel rim thickness of measuring pulley.
The measurement technique index of this device is as follows:
| Measurement parameter | Measurement range (mm) | Survey precision (mm) |
| Wheel diameter wheel rim thickness rim width distance between backs of wheel flanges flange thickness tread circular wear axle mid-diameter off-centre | 740-850 10-80 120-150 1345-1365 10-40 -5-10 160-180 0-8 | ±0.2 ±0.3 ±0.2 ±0.2 ±0.2 ±0.2 ±0.2 ±0.2 |
The resolution of the ultrasonic displacement sensor that this device adopts is 0.05mm, and measurement range is 150-210mm, repeatable accuracy≤0.2mm; Ccd image sensor is the area array CCD of 768*576, maximum imaging scope 90mm, resolution is≤0.12mm, camera is carried out system compensation after distortion inaccuracy be controlled in 0.5 pixel i.e. 0.06mm, duplicate detection precision≤0.2mm.
Claims (3)
1. a railway vehicle wheel is to automatic checkout equipment, it is characterized in that, it is made up of 4 ultrasonic transduter P1, P2, P3, P4,5 cover ccd image sensor CCD1, CCD2, CCD3, CCD4, CCD5, data collecting card A/D, image pick-up card and industrial computer, wherein, ultrasonic transduter P1, P2 are fixed on wheel to the inboard, sensor transducing face points to the wheel rim medial surface, and P3, P4 are fixed on the left and right wheel rim outside, and sensor transducing face points to the wheel rim lateral surface; CCD image sensor 1, CCD2 are installed in respectively in the left and right wheel rim outer space of taking turns, the sensor camera be oriented to vertical top line of centers O, and with the wheel plane parallel, CCD4, CCD5 are installed in left and right inboard, wheel plane of taking turns respectively, and be positioned at the top of top line of centers, and the camera of sensor is perpendicular to wheel inboard, plane, and CCD3 is installed in the right inboard central space of wheel, the sensor camera vertically faces toward wheel to the axle edge, and perpendicular with axle; The mouth of 4 ultrasonic transduters connects D0～D3 passage of data collecting card A/D respectively, and is connected with the communication ends of industrial computer by the PCI-1 bus; 5 cover imageing sensors join with the passage D0～D4 of image pick-up card respectively, and the latter's mouth is connected with the communication ends of industrial computer through the PCI-2 bus.
2. railway vehicle wheel according to claim 1 is characterized in that to automatic checkout equipment described industrial computer joins through LAN mouth and HMIS upper computer.
3. railway vehicle wheel according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that to automatic checkout equipment described industrial computer joins through LPT mouth and chopping machine PRIN.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200620023308 CN2863584Y (en) | 2006-01-06 | 2006-01-06 | Automatic detecting device for railway vehicle wheel pair |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200620023308 CN2863584Y (en) | 2006-01-06 | 2006-01-06 | Automatic detecting device for railway vehicle wheel pair |
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| CN2863584Y true CN2863584Y (en) | 2007-01-31 |
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| CN 200620023308 Expired - Fee Related CN2863584Y (en) | 2006-01-06 | 2006-01-06 | Automatic detecting device for railway vehicle wheel pair |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101788533A (en) * | 2010-04-01 | 2010-07-28 | 西南交通大学 | Self-adapted ultrasonic detector for online train wheel flaw detection |
| CN102795052A (en) * | 2012-08-10 | 2012-11-28 | 北京二七轨道交通装备有限责任公司 | Integrated wheel of broad-track internal combustion locomotive |
| CN106500914A (en) * | 2016-10-31 | 2017-03-15 | 中车长春轨道客车股份有限公司 | The method for automatic measurement of wheel tread run-out error |
-
2006
- 2006-01-06 CN CN 200620023308 patent/CN2863584Y/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101788533A (en) * | 2010-04-01 | 2010-07-28 | 西南交通大学 | Self-adapted ultrasonic detector for online train wheel flaw detection |
| CN101788533B (en) * | 2010-04-01 | 2012-05-09 | 西南交通大学 | Self-adapted ultrasonic detector for online flaw detection for train wheel |
| CN102795052A (en) * | 2012-08-10 | 2012-11-28 | 北京二七轨道交通装备有限责任公司 | Integrated wheel of broad-track internal combustion locomotive |
| CN102795052B (en) * | 2012-08-10 | 2015-06-03 | 北京二七轨道交通装备有限责任公司 | Integrated wheel of broad-track internal combustion locomotive |
| CN106500914A (en) * | 2016-10-31 | 2017-03-15 | 中车长春轨道客车股份有限公司 | The method for automatic measurement of wheel tread run-out error |
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| C19 | Lapse of patent right due to non-payment of the annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |