CN2863443Y - Centrifugal type extrusion machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates a centrifugal extruding machine. The feeding apparatus is a rolling cone feeding drum inside which there is an inner core. The inner wall of the inverted-cone feeding case connected with the bottom of the rolling drum is equipped with the screw diversion trench. A heater is equipped at the outer wall of the rolling drum and the feeding case. The material inlet of the cylinder connected with the bottom of the feeding case abeam of the melting section of the screw rod. The material putted in the centrifugal rolling drum is acted on the centrifugal force created by the rolling cone drum, sliding force along the inner wall of the drum, and positive pressure force perpendicular to the inner wall of the drum. With the function of the sliding force, the material is conveyed along the inner wall of the drum, enters the melting section of the screw rod pushed by the static pressure transformed from the kinetic energy and acted on the stagnation of the diversion trench at the inlet of the feeding case, and is melt and tamped down by the melting section of the screw rod. As adopting the centrifugal feeding method, the utility model reduces the energy cost generated by the friction of the material and cylinder in the general screw extruding machine and the power cost largely.

Description

Centrifugal extruder

Technical field

The utility model relates to a kind of screw extruder, particularly relate to the improvement of the reinforced and screw rod mass transport mode of extruder, can be used for the processing of polymer continuous extrusion, the particularly extrusion molding of thermoplastic, not only be fit to granular raw material, also be fit to extruding of powder raw material.

Background technology

The extruding part of common single screw extrusion machine generally is divided into three functional sections, i.e. feeding section, melt zone and homogenizing zone.The effect of feeding section be with graininess or powdered plastic material be fed forward, compacting and be heated to melt temperature, mass transport mainly relies on the progradation of screw rod spiral shell rib, in order to prevent that material from rotating with screw rod, material and machine barrel inner surface need bigger frictional force.The effect of melt zone is to make further compacting of material and fusion, and at the melt zone end, material is viscous state.The effect of homogenizing zone is with the plastic melt homogenizing and realizes constant temperature, level pressure, quantitatively extrudes.Because the friction transport model is adopted in the reinforced transportation section of common single screw extrusion machine, when screw rod rotation promotion solid material advances, the machine barrel of material and extruder can produce bigger frictional force, so solid conveying section needs bigger screw drive power, the driving power of screw rod feeding section generally accounts for 50%～70% of the total driving power of whole extruder.The driving energy of feeding section is except carrying out supercharging, conveying to plastics, have quite a few energy to be converted into frictional heat, and these frictional heats only some is converted into the temperature rise of plastics, considerable part is passed to surrounding air by machine barrel, or take away by cooling medium, cause very big energy dissipation.Particularly the feeding section of single screw extrusion machine adopts the fluting machine barrel to increase output, to improve and extrude stability more at present, and the friction loss that causes thus is bigger.

Summary of the invention

The technical problems to be solved in the utility model is: change the friction transport model of the reinforced transportation section of extruder, making the reinforced main transmitting power of material is centrifugal force, thereby reduces the frictional dissipation of material.The centrifugal extruder that a kind of energy consumption is low, simple in structure, can extrude graininess and granular material is proposed.

The main technical schemes of invention: the utility model comprises feeding device, machine barrel and screw rod, wherein feeding device is the reinforced rotary drum of a taper shape, inner core is arranged in the middle of the rotary drum, rotary drum and inner core be rotation together under the driving of motor, the rotary drum upper end is a charge door, the lower end is connected to the reinforced cover of back taper type, on the internal cone wall of reinforced cover the spiral stream guidance groove is arranged, outer wall having heaters at rotary drum and reinforced cover, reinforced cover bottom connects the material inlet of machine barrel, the corresponding screw rod melt zone of material inlet master promotes the melt zone that material directly enters screw rod by static pressure, and material is carried out compacting and fusion.

The cone angle of the reinforced rotary drum of above-mentioned taper shape is less than 120 °.

Screw rod of the present utility model can only be provided with melt zone and homogenizing zone, reduces the friction energy-dissipating of material.

Invention effect: adopt the rotary drum of rotation reinforced, make the material that adds rotary drum produce centrifugal force by the reinforced rotary drum that rotates, be subjected to along the sliding force of drum wall with to the normal pressure of rotary drum wall at the rotary drum wall, material is in the conveying that faces down of the effect lower edge of sliding force rotatory drum wall.When material enters static reinforced cover inlet in the centrifugal reel outlet by at a high speed rotation, be subjected to being installed in reinforced stagnation effect of overlapping the guiding gutter of inlet, change into the downward state of rectilinear motion relatively slowly rapidly from the high speed rotation status, make the kinetic energy of material be converted into static pressure, and form required Solid Conveying and Melting pressure jointly with centrifugal force component.This centrifugal force and the material kinetic energy of utilizing realizes that building of material press and carry, and has changed traditional friction transport model, can effectively cut down the consumption of energy.Theoretical calculating shows that the common single screw extrusion machine of energy loss-rate of centrifugal extruder is low more than 30%; Because centrifugal action can resolve into the normal pressure to the drum wall, presses close to rotatory drum wall all the time in the process that material is moved down, and the efficiency of heating surface is improved.The pressure that kinetic energy in the pressure of material and the material stagnation process is transformed that the utility model decomposes by centrifugal force promotes material and enters screw rod, avoided common extruder feeding section screw rod transmission, built in the pressure process, the big frictional force that the machine barrel of solid particle material and extruder produces has significantly reduced the energy consumption of extrusion.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present utility model.

The specific embodiment:

As shown in Figure 1, centrifugal extruder of the present utility model, mainly comprise: drive motors 2, centrifugal feeding device, machine barrel 10, screw rod 11 and head 12 are formed, feeding device is the reinforced rotary drum 3 of a taper shape, the tapering of conical rotor drum has the design alternative in 180 degree scopes of suitable mass transport pressure to guarantee to decompose, preferably select less than 120 °, inner core 5 is arranged in the middle of the rotary drum, rotary drum and inner core rotate under the driving of motor 2, inner core is the open circles taper, the material that enters reinforced rotary drum from charge door drops on the taper seat of the inner core that is rotating, material is thrown on the drum inner wall along with the rotation of inner core, centrifugal reinforced rotary drum 3 is connected with frame by rolling bearing, the rotary drum upper end is a charge door 1, the lower end is connected to the tapered reinforced cover 6 of rounding, reinforced cover 6 transfixions, on the internal cone wall of reinforced cover the spiral stream guidance groove is arranged, outer wall at rotary drum and reinforced cover is equipped with heater 4 respectively, 7, heater is common mica heater or cast copper heater, reinforced cover bottom connects the material inlet 8 of machine barrel, screw rod 11 is driven by motor-reductor 9, screw rod 11 is provided with melt zone and homogenizing zone, the screw rod parameter designing is the same with general extruder screw design, selects according to the different designs of extruded material.The melt zone of the corresponding screw rod of the material inlet of machine barrel.Centrifugal reinforced rotary drum 3 and inner core 5 can vertically as shown in Figure 1 be placed with reinforced cover 6 when the utility model was implemented, also can horizontal positioned or with other angle placement.

The operation principle of this extruder: the material that is added by charge door 1 drops on the inner core 5, material can be that graininess also can be a powdery, rotary drum drive motors 2 drives rotary drum 3 rotations by belt transmission, drop on the material on the inner core 5, inner core drive material by rotation rotates at a high speed, produce centrifugal force, thereby material is close on the bulging wall of rotary drum 3.Because rotatory drum wall is conical, so act on the centrifugal force on the material, can produce along the sliding force of drum wall, material can move down along the drum wall.In the process that material moves down, because the effect of heater A and heater B continues to be heated to the melt temperature near plastics in the process that material moves down in reinforced cover 6.The rotating speed of rotary drum has determined the enter the mouth material pressure size at 8 places of machine barrel, for with a kind of material, the enter the mouth material pressure at 8 places of machine barrel is certain under the same rotational speed condition, material is after entering machine barrel, and melt zone and further compression of metering section, fusion, the homogenizing by screw rod 11 also enters extruder head 12 extrusion moulding products.The centrifugal feeding section of this centrifugal extruder utilizes centrifugal supercharging principle to the plastics materials supercharging and carry out Solid Conveying and Melting, and the centrifugal force that acts on simultaneously on the material makes material be close to rotatory drum wall, helps the heating of material.Compare with the common screw extruder,, do not have unnecessary frictional force to produce, therefore can effectively reduce the energy consumption of extruder because the related centrifugal extruder of the utility model is to utilize centrifugal force and material kinetic energy to finish compacting and conveying to material.

Embodiment 1:

To extrude the high density polyethylene (HDPE) particulate material is example, device structure as shown in Figure 1, centrifugal reinforced rotary drum 3 exit maximum gauges are Φ 200mm, the interior cone angle of rotary drum 3 is 70 °, the cone angle of inner core 5 is 45 °.Reinforced cover 6 exits are 70 * 30 oblong aperture, the rotating speed of centrifugal reinforced rotary drum 3 is 1800 rev/mins, the heating-up temperature of centrifugal reinforced rotary drum 3 and reinforced cover 6 is 100-160 ℃, the heating-up temperature of machine barrel 10 is 180-190 ℃, screw diameter is Φ 45, draw ratio is 17, and the screw channel before the screw rod on the 7D length is equidistant gradual change screw channel, is dark screw channel such as equidistant on the back 10D length.Screw speed is 10-100 rev/min, and the driving power of motor-reductor 9 is 1/2 of common Φ 45 extruder motor-driven power.And the driving power of motor 2 only needs 0.3KW during operate as normal.Extruder energy savings at least 30% than identical output.

Claims (3)

1, a kind of centrifugal extruder, comprise feeding device, machine barrel, screw rod and head, it is characterized in that: feeding device is the reinforced rotary drum of a taper shape, and inner core is arranged in the middle of the rotary drum, and rotary drum and inner core be rotation together under the driving of motor, the rotary drum upper end is a charge door, the lower end is connected to the reinforced cover of back taper type, and the outer wall having heaters at rotary drum and reinforced cover has the spiral stream guidance groove on the inwall of reinforced cover, reinforced cover bottom connects the material inlet of machine barrel, and the material inlet of machine barrel is corresponding with the melt zone of screw rod.

2, centrifugal extruder according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the cone angle of conical reinforced rotary drum is less than 120 °.

3, centrifugal extruder according to claim 1 is characterized in that, screw rod only is provided with melt zone and homogenizing zone.

Images