CN2836302Y - Generator reactive power regulator - Google Patents
Generator reactive power regulator Download PDFInfo
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- CN2836302Y CN2836302Y CN 200520092123 CN200520092123U CN2836302Y CN 2836302 Y CN2836302 Y CN 2836302Y CN 200520092123 CN200520092123 CN 200520092123 CN 200520092123 U CN200520092123 U CN 200520092123U CN 2836302 Y CN2836302 Y CN 2836302Y
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- generator
- reactive power
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a network voltage automatic control device, particularly a generator reactive power regulator. Every generator is provided with a piece of intelligent measurement module. A potential transformer (PT) and a current transformer (CT) of the generator are connected to the intelligent measurement module. The measured value is connected to a tablet computer through a serial port server and an Ethernet switch, and two tablet computers are used for standby. Switching over components which are arranged are two computers which share a set of display, keyboard and printer. Regulating commands which are generated by the tablet computers are transmitted to a programmable controller PLC through the serial port server. The increasing and reducing reactive power of the PLC is connected with an increasing and reducing field relay from a DO interface. Then, an output contact of the relay is connected with a field regulator of the generator. The product can improve the voltage quality of the network and the stability margin of the network voltage. The utility model is suitable for the effective prevention and control of large area power failure caused by the breakdown of the network voltage.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of line voltage automatic control equipment, is a kind of generator reactive power adjuster.
Background technology
At present, China's power system voltage adjustment and control are with operating experience by dispatching of power netwoks department, with the demand of Various Seasonal electrical network to reactive power source, decompose the day load or burden without work curve of formulating each power plant, and be handed down to the power plant in advance, the power plant passes through adjustment and the control that two kinds of control modes realize voltages, and the one, utilizing the own field regulator of generating set (AVR) is the automatic negative feedback control of target with the set end voltage; The 2nd, follow the tracks of the artificial excitation regulation of reactive voltage curve enforcement that dispatching of power netwoks department assigns.More than the essence of two kinds of control models all be to be controlled target with high voltage bus or set end voltage.
On August 14th, 2003, large area blackout has taken place in the U.S. and Canada, lasts the accident analysis report of some months and points out, one of major reason that causes the accident development is exactly the partial electric grid voltage collapse.After this time the accident investigation conclusion is announced, caused the great attention of high-level leader of the Chinese government and domestic electrical network brainstrust, power system voltage stabilization and control problem thereof have become great topic that China's power industry is very paid close attention to.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this utility model is to propose a kind of generator reactive power adjuster, improves the quality of voltage and the line voltage stability margin of electrical network, is used for the large-area power-cuts that effectively prevention and control cause owing to the line voltage collapse.
The utility model is achieved through the following technical solutions:
Generator reactive power adjuster is that every generator is equipped with an intelligent detecting module, and the voltage transformer of generator (PT) summation current transformer (CT) is connected to wherein, and measured value is connected to panel computer with Ethernet switch through serial server; Standby with two panel computers, the switching part of setting is shared cover display, keyboard and the printer of two computers.
The panel computer adjusting command passes through serial server and connects to Programmable Logic Controller PLC, and the reactive power that increases, subtracts of PLC connects the increase and decrease field application relay from the DO interface, and the output contact by relay connects automatic excitation adjustor of generator again.
Be provided with on generator control is crouched and coiled and forbid distant place adjusting handle.
Advantage of the present utility model and effect are:
1. when electrical network normally moves, realize the whole network idle work optimization and control, reduce the 0.5%-1.0% of a network loss, improve 220kV system voltage qualification rate.
2. when power grid accident and partial electric grid voltage fall suddenly, realize the emergency control of the whole network or local voltage, improve voltage stability margin under the power grid accident state.
3. provide electricity market idle assistant service basic data.
4. the regulative mode that " uniformly-spaced broadens " of the utility model has the advantage that satisfies governing speed and avoid overshoot, can realize that quick and stable regulates.
5. electrical network is if average daily net amount of power supply is about 2750 * 10
4KW.h, the whole network network loss electric weight once a day press 1.5% of net amount of power supply and calculate, and implement the whole network idle work optimization and calculate by reducing network loss 0.8% with the control back, and electricity price is calculated by 0.38 yuan/kW.h, and then the annual direct economic benefit of this project is: E=21750 * 10
4Day (kwh) * 1.5% * 0.8% * 365 * ten thousand yuan of 0.38 yuan of kwh=362.Can see that from conservative calculating annual electrical network can reduce by a network loss thus and the direct economic benefit that obtains just has more than 300 ten thousand yuan.If can further improve the quality of voltage of the whole network after this project of considering is finished, improve the line voltage stability margin, effectively prevent and control because the large area blackout that the line voltage collapse causes has the economic benefit and the social benefit of more increasing.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is reactive power optimization of the present utility model and control principle figure;
Fig. 2 is reactive power regulator of the present utility model (FWT) structure principle chart;
Fig. 3 is the idle adjustment flow chart of reactive power regulator of the present utility model (FWT);
Fig. 4 is reactive power regulator of the present utility model (FWT) fundamental diagram;
Fig. 5 is a digital regulation resistance interface scheme schematic diagram of the present utility model;
Fig. 6 is a relay dry contact scheme schematic diagram of the present utility model.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1: be the principle schematic of line voltage optimization and control system, wherein the whole network idle work optimization application system is the core of this system, and it runs in the CC-2000 platform, is the important component part of EMS in the CC-2000 platform; The design of satisfying the generator reactive power adjuster of system's needs is a key technology of this system with realizing.
Fig. 2 is a fWT apparatus structure schematic diagram.
The reactive power that dispatch automated system is sent to the power plant (or voltage) regulating command is to adjust every reactive power (or set end voltage) that generator should be sent out, this reactive power regulating command forms by front end processor, down going channel, distant place data collection station (RTU) and issues command subsystem, the RTU device becomes 4～20mA analog quantity with this instruction transformation, and output is assigned to reactive power regulator (FWT).
TH-Q type distributed generator reactive power regulator FWT, what receive that grid dispatching center assigns increases, subtracts reactive power (Q) instruction (or instruction of set end voltage V), according to certain adjusting rule and restrictive condition the field regulator (AVR) of every generating set is sent accordingly and to increase, to subtract reactive power (Q) instruction (or instruction of set end voltage V), regulate with a distant place of realizing generator reactive power.
What Fig. 2 represented is the hardware structure diagram of 1 generator, every generator has an intelligent detecting module (instrument), the voltage transformer of generator (PT) summation current transformer (CT) is connected to wherein, this measuring instrument just can be measured active power (P), reactive power (Q), stator current (I), stator voltage (V), power factor (COS φ), the frequency (f) of this generator, more than each measured value export to panel computer through serial server and Ethernet switch, just can generate reactive power and regulate rule and various restrictive condition.
In order to improve reliability, used two panel computers, form two-node cluster hot backup and use.KVM among the figure is the switching part that is provided with for the shared cover display of two computers, keyboard and printer.
The adjusting command that panel computer generates, behind serial server, under pass to Programmable Logic Controller PLC, the order that increases, subtracts reactive power that PLC produces is removed control increase and decrease field application relay from the DO interface, the output contact by relay goes automatic excitation adjustor of generator is regulated again.(4～20MA) at first carry out A/D conversion through PLC, become behind the digital quantity again through serial server, and Ethernet switch is exported to computer in the adjusting command of RTU.
For in case of emergency or artificial when requiring to stop to regulate, and be provided with " forbid a distant place regulate handle " specially, when forbidding that a distant place is regulated, the information of handle is exported to panel computer on the one hand after PLC, stops the adjusting command of computer; Export to RTU (remote signalling) on the other hand, tell the higher level traffic department, this generator has been in forbids distant place adjustment state.
Generator reactive power adjuster (FWT) system flow chart (Fig. 3)
System brings into operation → is provided with platform number that generating board number → judge whether to surpass sets (as surpassing, then finish) → read RTU issue data → judge RTU issue data whether allow within the scope that fluctuates (if, then get back to initial state) → calculate the difference of the reactive power value of issuing and actual value → the search pairing AVR of unit and passage → judgements and forbid that the residing position of adjusting handle, a distant place (as forbids distant place adjusting, then get back to initial state) → judge that the main channel operating state is (if any fault, then change failure count unit, main channel over to) → read the difference of reactive power actual value → judgement reactive power set-point and actual value → as difference greater than the minimum permissible value (i.e. " dead band ") of reactive power (otherwise, after noting down, change the flow process initial period over to) → judge whether generating set allows to regulate (as not allowing adjusting, change the flow process initial period after noting down over to) → issue the reactive power adjusting command, and note down → main channel failure counter zero setting, and change the flow process starting point over to.
In case break down in the main channel, system flow automatically switches to accessory channel one side, main channel failure count simultaneously increases by 1 → handles the main channel to report to the police → search the measuring instrument of unit correspondence and passage → judgement measuring instrument operating state (as undesired, then flow process changes major-minor passage faiture alarm over to, and record) → read measuring instrument, image data → judge reactive power whether within the machine grouping error (as within error, then change initial state over to, wait for next time and adjusting) → judge whether unit allows to adjust (as not allowing adjustment, flow process did not change initial state over to after record did not allow to adjust diary) → search the reactive power set-point to send out the difference of value and the table of comparisons of regulating impulse width → issue reactive power adjusting command with real, and record → wait generating set finishes this adjusting, changing circulation next time then over to and regulating.
Reactive power regulator (FWT) function and adjusting rule (see figure 4)
FWT can change the governing speed of reactive power in " uniformly-spaced broadening " mode according to the needs in electrical network or power plant, and people's one machine maintenance reconfiguration mouth of " uniformly-spaced " value is provided, and promptly the time interval t between the regulating impulse also can change.The reactive power desired value Q that FWT can issue according to the control centre in an adjustment process
mWith the real Q of the value of sending out
sBetween difference DELTA Q size, determine the width Delta T of first regulating impulse
1, when Δ Q is big, Δ T
1Just big, on the contrary then little.Along with the carrying out of adjustment process, Δ Q can diminish gradually, and the width Delta T of regulating impulse also diminishes gradually, i.e. Δ T
0〉=Δ T
1〉=Δ T
2〉=Δ T
3〉=Δ T
4... ... ...Variation relation between Δ T and the Δ Q also can be determined from people-machine interface.
The regulative mode of this " uniformly-spaced broadening " has the advantage that satisfies governing speed and avoid overshoot, can realize the quick and stable adjusting.As Δ Q=Q
m-Q
s＞0 o'clock, regulate for increasing reactive power; When Δ Q＜0, regulate for subtracting reactive power; When Δ Q≤Qmin, just entered " dead band " (this dead band Δ Qmin can manually set).
For guaranteeing generator and relevant device safe operation, FWT designs following security constraint:
Forbid when (1) encouraging action by force that FWT regulates; Forbid when (2) hanging down excitation actuating that FWT regulates; Forbid when (3) frequency limitation is moved that FWT regulates; (4) reactive power reaches down in limited time, forbids that FWT subtracts reactive power; (5) reactive power reaches in limited time, forbids that FWT increases reactive power; When (6) stator current reaches rated value, forbid that FWT increases reactive power; (7) set end voltage reaches 105%V
eThe time (V
eBe rated voltage), forbid increasing reactive power; (8) set end voltage is lower than 95%V
eThe time, forbid reducing reactive power; When (9) power factor (PF) COS φ exceeds maximum (for example 0.98), do not allow to reduce reactive power; When COS φ is lower than minimum value (for example 0.86), do not allow to increase reactive power; When (10) rotor current reaches the volume rated value, do not allow to increase reactive power; (11) generator opens that FWT does not participate in adjusting in machine and the stopping process.Transferred the handle realization by prohibiting by the person on duty except that (11) in the above-mentioned restrictive condition, it is imported by people-machine interface in advance in each restrictive condition, and actual value all can be produced by measurement module.After comparing, actual value and set point just can generate restrictive condition.Passing through the people---the machine interface can be set and revise above restrictive condition easily, is provided with the authority registration of revising the people in the program.
The output interface circuit design: because field regulator (AVR) kind that each power plant has now moved is numerous and diverse, producer is a lot.Realize the reliable control to various field regulators, the design of output interface is just very important with selection.We have designed three class output interface circuits on the basis that the magnetizing exciter of tens units in more than ten power plants is studied and tested, now be described respectively.
Digital interface circuit, this interface circuit are applicable between generator reactive power adjuster FWT and the AVR that geometric distance is far away, AVR is digital, and the situation that the system of AVR is familiar with.Otherwise, if AVR manufacturer mismatches, realize difficulty, and the expense height.
Digital regulation resistance circuit (Fig. 5)
The output valve of digital regulation resistance circuit is the magnitude of voltage of analog quantity, and the given signal of increase and decrease excitation that it is adapted to automatic excitation adjustor of generator (AVR) is the situation of magnitude of voltage (analog quantity), and promptly artificial given process potentiometer is realized.At this moment should resolve following problem: 1. carry out a distant place when regulating when being switched to by manual adjustments by FWT, digital regulation resistance (SDWC) should be realized no disturbance switching from the given magnitude of voltage of motion tracking manual adjustments potentiometer; 2. when switching to manual adjustments, should guarantee not produce excessive interference by distant place adjusting.When self check when SDWC output valve and manual adjustments potentiometer set-point have big difference, SDWC answers the automatic blocking handoff procedure.We can be clear that from digital regulation resistance interface scheme figure, and this scheme has following several key technologies:
(1) single-chip microcomputer DPJ among the digital regulation resistance SDWC and generator reactive power are regulated between the FWT by RS-485 interface or optical communication interface (not having picture among the figure), DPJ can receive the adjusting command of FWT, and some operational factors of generator (active power, reactive power, stator voltage, stator current etc.) are sent to SDWC.
(2) DPJ receive the hand adjustment potentiometer magnitude of voltage as signal from motion tracking hand adjustment potentiometer, with reality manually → do not have disturbance automatically to switch.
(3) handle is switched in one of installing on person on duty's control flow, after realizing that manual adjustments regulates the mutual switching of dual mode, single-chip microcomputer DPJ among the digital regulation resistance SDWC automatically and receives switching command, Programmable Logic Controller PLC wherein (with single-chip microcomputer and midget relay also can) just actuating relay Z1 and Z2 (Z1 disconnects, Z2 closure), finish to become by FWT and regulate AVR automatically by manual adjustments field regulator AVR.
When switching handle and cut to manual position by automated location, by with top opposite process, can realize regulating from regulating to be transformed into automatically by the hand adjustment potentiometer by FWT.In this handoff procedure, for avoiding the excessive variation of reactive power, in SDWC, be provided with barring condition, when just digital regulation resistance output voltage values V2 and manual potentiometer output voltage values V1 differ big (for example: greater than 5%), DPJ automatic blocking PLC, refusal switches.This moment, the person on duty can the hand adjustment potentiometer, make V1 near V2,, switch to finish from the no disturbance of automatic adjusting → manual adjustments.
(4) some in particular cases (for example: relay Z2 contact is not opened) for guaranteeing fail safe, designed a cut-off switch (seeing figure) by force especially, the person on duty can manually switch to a manual side to this switch, just can recover to be regulated by the manual adjustments potentiometer of routine.
Relay dry contact interface circuit (Fig. 6)
Relay dry contact circuit, it is not only applicable to new digital formula field regulator, is applicable to analog field regulator yet.When the generator manual adjustments adopts handle (or button) to carry out, just can adopt this interface mode, relay passive node circuit has economy, reliable, the characteristics being convenient to realize.When FWT and AVR apart from each other when (as greater than 100～150 meters), in order to guarantee reliability and to save the cable investment, should be placed on the executive component of FWT (containing interface circuit) near field regulator (AVR) rack.
Claims (3)
1. generator reactive power adjuster is characterized in that every generator is equipped with an intelligent detecting module, and the voltage transformer pt summation current transformer CT of generator is connected to wherein, and measured value connects to panel computer through serial server and Ethernet switch; Standby with two panel computers, the switching part of setting is shared cover display, keyboard and the printer of two computers.
2. generator reactive power adjuster according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the panel computer adjusting command connects to Programmable Logic Controller PLC through the serial server biography, the reactive power that increases, subtracts of PLC connects the increase and decrease field application relay from the DO interface, again by the output contact connecting generator field regulator of relay.
3. generator reactive power adjuster according to claim 1 is characterized in that being provided with on the generator control dish for sleeping in and forbids distant place adjusting handle.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200520092123 CN2836302Y (en) | 2005-08-10 | 2005-08-10 | Generator reactive power regulator |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200520092123 CN2836302Y (en) | 2005-08-10 | 2005-08-10 | Generator reactive power regulator |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN2836302Y true CN2836302Y (en) | 2006-11-08 |
Family
ID=37300952
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200520092123 Expired - Fee Related CN2836302Y (en) | 2005-08-10 | 2005-08-10 | Generator reactive power regulator |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN2836302Y (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102761304A (en) * | 2012-01-13 | 2012-10-31 | 程德明 | Sine wave voltage regulator of permanent magnet alternating current generator |
| CN102957152A (en) * | 2011-08-23 | 2013-03-06 | 上海漕泾热电有限责任公司 | Reactive power control method and reactive power control system for thermoelectric unit generators |
-
2005
- 2005-08-10 CN CN 200520092123 patent/CN2836302Y/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102957152A (en) * | 2011-08-23 | 2013-03-06 | 上海漕泾热电有限责任公司 | Reactive power control method and reactive power control system for thermoelectric unit generators |
| CN102761304A (en) * | 2012-01-13 | 2012-10-31 | 程德明 | Sine wave voltage regulator of permanent magnet alternating current generator |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C17 | Cessation of patent right | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20061108 Termination date: 20130810 |