CN2821740Y - Bead core abacus - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a bead core abacus, wherein a plurality of deflector rods 4 provided with abacus beads 2 and retainer rings 3 are arranged on an operation disc 5; two rows of number observation holes 8 and operator holes 8'are arranged on a number disc 9; the bottom of the number observation holes 8 is provided with a fixing shaft 7 or 71; round beads 13 are arranged in the number observation holes 8; round beads 13' are arranged in the operator holes 8'; number obtaining holes 12 and a fixing shaft 72 on the bottom are arranged in a number reading disc 11; round beads 12' are arranged in the number obtaining holes 12. When addition calculation is carried out, the abacus beads 2 arranged on the deflector rods 4 are teased into the number of the abacus beads 2 of adding numbers or added numbers corresponding to the unit's place, the ten's place and the hundred's place, and the round beads 13 arranged in the number observation holes 8 on the number reading disc 9 are rotated into corresponding numbers, and results are obtained by the reading displayed by the round beads 12' arranged in the number obtaining holes 12 of the number reading disc 11. The bead core abacus can visually establish the concept of numbers, decimal scale is familiarly utilized and the recognition and the mental arithmetic capabilities of numbers are increased by utilizing combination or separation of the abacus beads 2.

Description

The megarchidium abacus

Technical field

The utility model relates to a kind of abacus, relate in particular to a kind of preschool child of being applicable to and be lower than or be equivalent to that pupil in the third grade carry out in five-digit number that plus-minus method calculates and the megarchidium abacus of reading directly perceived, be a kind of intelligence development teaching aid, belong to the G09B1/06 class.

Background technology

Abacus used thousands of years in China as a kind of computational tool of addition subtraction multiplication and division, there be not counter or computer generation to bring convenience aspect the calculating for people, but the shape of this old-fashioned abacus and structure are ten vertical driving levers on making in a plane or preparing basically, the circular bead that the string dress can be free to slide on every driving lever, with a beam each root driving lever is divided into two parts up and down in the centre---go up driving lever, following driving lever, represent numeral " 5 " at every bead of last driving lever, two beads are represented number " 10 " altogether, and every bead on the following driving lever is represented numeral " 1 ", and five beads are represented number " 5 " altogether.The abacus of this shape and structure is suitable for big slightly children of adult or age to be used, and know the full timely carry in back of number on the one driving lever: " ten " position is entered in " individual " position, and " hundred " position is entered in " ten " position ....Be found everywhere at present identical but the abacus that structure is simplified to some extent of a kind of shape at home on the market: on driving lever on the beam top, only arrange a bead, this bead is still represented number " 5 ", on the following driving lever of a beam bottom, arrange four beads, every bead is represented number " 1 ", four bead total numbers of representatives " 4 "; The abacus of these two kinds of structures all is provided with a beam, this one beam is to the preschool child and be lower than or pupil in the third grade are one understanding and the door that is difficult to cross over that calculates the plus-minus method in the five-digit number, is not beneficial to the IQ of pupil before exploitation preschool child and the primary school three grades very much.

Summary of the invention

Task to be solved in the utility model provide a kind of for the preschool child and be lower than or primary school three grades before the student use can utilize the intuitive of pearl on the abacus to set up the notion of number, be familiar with the read-write rule and the megarchidium abacus of cultivating ability of mental arithmetic of number.

For realizing above-mentioned task, the technical solution adopted in the utility model is: make a square bodily form or rectangular calculation frame with wooden material or stainless steel, with dividing plate this calculation frame is divided into operation board, dial, reading dial and attached pearl and coils several parts.At operation board moderate distance or non-equidistant installation N root (N 〉=5) driving lever, string is adorned nine beads on every driving lever, on every driving lever back-up ring is housed simultaneously.Make two rows therein on the dial between two dividing plates and see the number hole, this sees the number hole and can be square, rectangle or circle, every row's sight is counted hole count and be can be 5 or greater than 5, simultaneously second row see next door, number hole be manufactured with indicate add, the operator hole of minus symbol "+", "-".See the bottom in number hole every row a stationary shaft be installed, on every stationary shaft, see ball that can show of the movable assembling in corresponding position, number hole from 0～9 with each, between every ball and the stationary shaft with compressible material pad mutually.Be manufactured with a row total hole on reading dial, this total hole can be square, rectangle or circle, and this row's total hole count can be 5 or greater than 5.A stationary shaft is installed in bottom in this row total hole, on stationary shaft with ball that can show of the movable assembling in corresponding position, each total hole from 0～9, between every ball and the stationary shaft with compressible material pad mutually.At driving lever that has attached pearl of the other installation in the limit of megarchidium abacus.

Adopt megarchidium abacus that as above technical scheme provides compared with prior art, its beneficial effect is:

1., simple in structure, be convenient to accept.Can directly utilize the intuitive of bead to set up reading or writing rule and grasping scale etc. of the notion of number, familiar number;

2., utilize the merging of bead, the iconicity of separation, very easier foundation adds, subtracts the notion of calculating, utilizes the corresponding relation of bead and dial, utilizes dial to be listed as vertical calculating calculating to carry out the transition to bead;

3., utilize dial to make mental arithmetic exercise, cultivation preschool child and pupils' ability of mental arithmetic.

Description of drawings

Accompanying drawing is the surface structure synoptic diagram of megarchidium abacus described in the utility model, also is specification digest accompanying drawing of the present utility model.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing embodiment of the present utility model is described in further detail

As shown in drawings, the described rechoning by the abacus dish of this case is by calculating frame 1, bead 2, ring washer 3, driving lever 4 or 15, dividing plate 6 or 10 or 14, stationary shaft 7 or 71 or 72, ball 13 or 12 ' or 13 ' form.Frame 1 be will calculate by dividing plate 6 or 10 or 14 and operation board 5, dial 9 and reading dial 11 will be divided into, N root (N 〉=5) driving lever 4 is installed in operation board 5, on every driving lever 4, be equipped with bead 2 or back-up ring 3, wherein bead 2 can freely move up and down on driving lever 4, and back-up ring 3 and driving lever 4 relative fixed can not arbitrarily be walked about.Back-up ring 3 can be with being with flexible material, and the best is selected from the hair of making hairbrush and is wrapped on the driving lever 4, is not subjected to the obstruction of back-up ring 3 when bead 2 is mobile on driving lever 4.On the dial 9 between dividing plate 6 and the dividing plate 10, there are two rows to see number hole 8, second row see number hole 8 other have operator hole 8 ', the bottom that two rows see number hole 8 is equipped with stationary shaft 7 or 71, stationary shaft 7 or 71 and each see on 8 corresponding positions, number hole and be furnished with ball 13, and ball 13 can be around stationary shaft 7 or 71 rotations in each sees number hole 8.Ball 13 is a polygon, and it is marked with 0～9 numeral.On the stationary shaft 71 and and operator hole 8 of ball 13 ' be configured in ' corresponding is at ball 13 ' be marked with "+-" symbol.At reading dial 11 a row total hole 12 is arranged, the bottom in total hole 12 is equipped with stationary shaft 72, on stationary shaft 72 and each 12 corresponding position, total hole, be furnished with ball 12 '.Ball 12 ' be polygon, it is marked with 0～9 numeral.Side side at dividing plate 14 is equipped with a driving lever 15 with attached pearl 16, does standby.

During enforcement, make the described megarchidium abacus of this case by accompanying drawing, and on dial 9, mark " individual ", " ten ", " hundred ", " thousand ", " ten thousand " printed words, make each the root driving lever 4 on the operation board 5 corresponding, promptly be on same vertical straight line with total hole 12 same " individual ", " ten ", " hundred ", " thousand ", " ten thousand " that see on the dial 9 on number hole 8, the reading dial 11.Before the calculating, the bead 2 on each root driving lever 4 is pushed back-up ring 3 above positions, will see circle pearl 13 in the number hole 8, the ball 12 in the total hole 12 ' all the be screwed into position that nil is represented simultaneously.If religion preschool child and pupil's five-digit number be with interior addition such as 105+211, can be with and operator hole 8 on the stationary shaft 71 ' corresponding ball 13 ' be screwed into position of " ten ".Provide the notion of a kind of " addition ".As shown in drawings, dial " 5 " " 0 " " 1 " grain bead 2 down with on operation board 5 and " individual ", " ten ", " hundred " corresponding driving lever 4, simultaneously on dial 9, count ball 13 turns in the hole 8 and demonstrate the numeral of " 5 " " 0 " " 1 " with the sight of stationary shaft 7 associated, dial " 1 " " 1 " " 2 " grain bead 2 down on again that operation board 5 and " individual ", " ten ", " hundred " are the relative driving lever 4, count ball 13 turns in the hole 8 with the sight of stationary shaft 71 associated on the dial 9 and demonstrate the numeral of " 2 " " 1 " " 1 ".Preschool youngster of religion or pupil count the sum of the bead 2 under dialling on each root driving lever 4 earlier, again with the ball 12 ' turn in each total hole 12 on the reading dial 11, demonstrate the numeral that obtains in " individual ", " ten ", " hundred " position, " 6 ", " 1 ", " 3 " are the number of results of addition gained, same operation.Can obtain the addend of " thousand " position or " ten thousand " position.Analogize, can teach preschool child or the pupil calculating that subtracts, accomplish that object teaching combines with mental arithmetic.

Claims (2)

1, a kind of megarchidium abacus, it is formed by calculating frame (1), bead (2), back-up ring (3), driving lever (4,15), dividing plate (6,10,14), stationary shaft (7,71,72), ball (13,13 ', 12 '), it is characterized in that: N root driving lever (4) is installed in operation board (5), on every driving lever (4), is equipped with bead (2), back-up ring (3); On the dial (9) between the dividing plate (6,10), there are two rows to see number hole (8), see side, number hole (8) second row number symbol hole (8 ') is arranged, the bottom that two rows see number hole (8) is equipped with stationary shaft (7,71), see with each on corresponding position, number hole (8) at stationary shaft (7,71) and to be furnished with ball (13), ball (13 ') is configured in that stationary shaft (71) is gone up and is corresponding with number symbol hole (8 '); One row total hole (12) is arranged on reading dial (11), the bottom in total hole (12) is equipped with stationary shaft (72), on stationary shaft (72) and each corresponding position, total hole (12), is furnished with ball (12 '), at the other driving lever (15) that is equipped with of the side of dividing plate (14) with attached pearl (16).

2, a kind of megarchidium abacus according to claim 1 is characterized in that: ball (13,12 ') is a polygon, and it is marked with 0～9 numeral.