CN2821523Y - Vehicle carried close shot target three dimension measuring device - Google Patents
Vehicle carried close shot target three dimension measuring device Download PDFInfo
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- CN2821523Y CN2821523Y CN 200520084023 CN200520084023U CN2821523Y CN 2821523 Y CN2821523 Y CN 2821523Y CN 200520084023 CN200520084023 CN 200520084023 CN 200520084023 U CN200520084023 U CN 200520084023U CN 2821523 Y CN2821523 Y CN 2821523Y
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a vehicle carried close shot target three dimension measuring device, which comprises a moving measuring vehicle and is characterized in that a measuring platform on which a data acquisition sensor is arranged on the top of the moving vehicle. The sensor comprises a CCD digital camera, a laser scanner and three GPS receiving antennas. A signal wire of the sensor is coupled in an acquisition control system. The three GPS receiving antennas are coupled in a GPS receiving plate. A signal output wire of the laser scanner is coupled in an industrial controller through a parallel interface or a series interface. A signal output wire of the CCD digital camera is coupled in the industrial controller from the expanding parallel interface of the industrial controller. A controlling wire of the digital camera is coupled in a single chip machine. During measurement, the three dimension data of a city close shot target are collected in a field work mode by the system. Then, field collected data documents are red to a data base of an indoor computer from the industrial controller for processing in an inner work. The device has the advantages of high measurement efficiency, rapid measurement operation and suitable accuracy.
Description
Technical field
The application belongs to survey field, relates in particular to three-dimensional measuring apparatus, mainly serves " digital city " engineering.
Background technology
The key that " digital city " built is obtaining, manage and upgrading of city space information, and city space information has positional, multi-dimensional nature and sequential.Data are carriers of information, and thus, the positional of city space information, multi-dimensional nature and sequential have determined the city space data should have certain positional precision, time precision and complete volume coordinate and description form.Thereby it is " digital city " the gordian technique of engineering that spatial data is gathered fast.
Up to now, air to surface data acquisition has developed airborne and spaceborne high resolving power, high spectrum and radar observation technology, but still the information of blocked area, unresolved urban skyscraper, high-rise facade, tier building labyrinth obtains, and city and required high-speed, the high accuracy three-dimensional problems of measurement of numerous engineering construction.
Summary of the invention
The application's purpose is for solving high-precision city three-dimensional measurement problem, to provide a kind of vehicular close-range target three-dimensional measuring apparatus, to satisfy the needs of " data city " and various engineering constructions.
The application's three-dimensional measuring apparatus is a removable measurement car, it is to install and measure platform at the moving vehicle top, installation data pick-up transducers on the platform, sensor comprises CCD digital camera, laser scanner and three GPS receiving antennas, and the signal wire of the sensor inserts the acquisition control system in the vehicle chamber; Acquisition control system is made up of industrial control computer, single-chip microcomputer and GPS dash receiver, wherein:
Three GPS receiving antennas insert the interior GPS dash receiver of car and constitute the GPS receiver, and the gps signal that receiver receives is processed into the GPS file through single-chip microcomputer, is transferred to the industrial computer hard disk by the industrial computer serial ports.
The laser scanner output line inserts industrial computer by parallel or serial line interface, will be transferred to the industrial computer hard disk by the range data of side thing and angle-data during work;
The output line of CCD digital camera inserts industrial computer from the parallel interface of industrial computer expansion, 3-D view picture data with measured object during work is transferred to the industrial computer hard disk, the control line of digital camera inserts single-chip microcomputer, by the automatic or semi-automatic shooting action of Single-chip Controlling camera.
In addition, this device also comprises power-supply system one cover, is used for providing power supply to collector and opertaing device.It comprises and vehicular power-bottle and the same capacity storage battery and the inverter that connect, be used for providing 220V alternating current to industrial computer and digital camera, provide 12V direct current to GPS and single-chip microcomputer respectively through Switching Power Supply again, one in addition additional boat-carrying storage battery is specialized in scanner 12V direct supply.
The principle of work and the course of work of this device are:
1, at first the three-dimensional data of city close-range target is carried out field data acquisition:
(1) a GPS receiver is placed on the known coordinate reference mark as the difference station;
(2) allow the measurement car be parked in certain a starting point, make scanner and digital camera lens aim at the measured object facade, the static image data of GPS receiver is about five minutes, to guarantee the vehicle GPS relative positioning;
(3) allow again measure car with the 9-18km/ speed at one hour rating along measured object terminal point direction running, all visible satellite receiving position signals of GPS receiver Continuous Tracking start scanner and digital camera simultaneously measured object are scanned and camera work;
(4) measure car GPS receiver dynamic acquisition position data under steam; Scanner is gathered measured object range data and angle-data to buildings continuous sweep; The every 1-5 of digital camera to the buildings photography once gathers the measured object 3 d image data, and writes down camera time simultaneously second;
(5) measurement garage sails to when measuring terminal point and stops to travel, and scanner and digital camera quit work, and the GPS receiver continued static image data five minutes;
Gps data, scan-data, the image data of above-mentioned collection are stored in the industrial computer reservoir database with GPS file, LMS file, CCD document form respectively.
2, again the data file of field data acquisition is read indoor Computer Database from industrial computer and is carried out interior industry processing:
(1) at first from database, reads the GPS file, dynamic difference resolves each of baseline and antenna coordinate epoch, resolve course angle (α), pitch angle (β), roll angle (κ), the travelling speed of each of vehicular platform epoch, and scanner scanning centre coordinate and camera object lens coordinate (X, Y, H); Again above data being carried out spatial integration, time integration, attitude correction etc. resolves.
(2) from database, read the LMS file of scanner again, based on gps data it is handled, with terrain data and atural object data separating, and to terrain data filtering (removing noise, shelter influence), to section whole matching, the correction of buildings continuous sweep, generate the LMS tables of data;
Again the data of LMS tables of data are carried out a cloud computing, section processing, unique point detection, the extraction of modeling point, generate the cloud data table;
3. with sheet modeling of cloud data list or stereogram modeling, generate the three-dimensional modeling data table.And extraction buildings plane characteristic generates the general three-dimensional model of buildings from the cloud data table.
4. when the needs three-dimensional modeling, read the image CCD file generation ccd data table that digital camera is taken, generate DSM data texturing table by image rectification;
Utilize above-mentioned interior industry to handle general three-dimensional model of three-dimensional modeling data table, buildings and the DSM texture image data table that generates,, set up the City Building three-dimensional model of " truly " according to different space modeling methods.
The good effect that adopts above technical scheme to produce:
1. adopt the vehicle-mounted removable measurement mechanism, remove on the car laser scanner, digital camera are housed, also load the GPS positioning system.This device is when carrying out work, and the target three-dimensional data of being gathered is the data in the geographic coordinate framework, and surveying work reaches fast, the unification of efficient and geographical co-ordinate system thereby make.
2. three gps antennas are placed in the roof diverse location, according to " deciding face at 3 " principle, in order to determine position, translational speed and the attitude of scanner accurately, avoided the preceding control survey work of data acquisition, from truly having realized the conception of mobile geographical coordinate frame.
3. travelling of automobile tieed up as the motion of data acquisition, the two dimensional laser scanning instrument scans object space in the vertical plane of automobilism, constitutes the 3-D data collection system, and this is a kind of futuramic ground remote sensing system.
4. the method that adopts scanner and texture photogrammetric technology to combine has solved the accurate registration and the stack problem of digital surface model and image texture.
5. the buildings physical dimension that provides based on laser scanner, the Applied Digital photo is set up the method for building surface model again, has characteristics such as efficient height, precision is suitable, applicability is strong.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the measurement mechanism synoptic diagram.
Fig. 2 is the device hardware structure diagram.
Fig. 3 is the power unit structured flowchart.
Fig. 4 is the device workflow diagram.
Among Fig. 1: 1-moving vehicle, 2-GPS receiving antenna, 3-digital camera, 4-laser scanner, 5-measuring table, 6-industry control cabinet.
Embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawings this device is further described below.
Shown in Figure 2 by Fig. 1, this device is to install and fix measuring table 5 at the top of moving vehicle 1, three diverse locations of platform 5 are installed three GPS receiving antennas 2, laser scanner 4 and two digital cameras 3 are installed on platform 5, digital camera 3 vertical array, next work of normal conditions, when running into high-lager building, another is in the angle work of looking up.An industrial control computer is installed in vehicle chamber and a single-chip microcomputer and GPS-OEM plate are installed in the Process Control Machine Case.Industrial control computer is expanded one of IEEE-1394 parallel interface plate in addition, is used for the image acquisition and the control of digital camera 3; Other expands one of serial interface expansion board, is used for the data transmission of GPS dash receiver, scanner 4, digital camera 3.Single-chip microcomputer is connected on the industrial computer by serial interface, links together by synchronous line and digital camera 3, GPS dash receiver, and is connected on 1394 buses.It is used to send the GPS synchronous control signal, and being used for provides interface to draw and the power supply support to GPS, and is used to receive the instruction of industrial computer, and control camera automatic or manual is taken.Laser scanner 4 is connected on the industrial computer by serial interface, and the range data and the angle-data of collection transmit from the parallel port, and transfer rate is 44K.Data layout is: storage format is a binary file, and requiring with storage is that filename is stored to the industrial computer time of carving.Three GPS dash receivers are connected on the industrial computer by serial interface, and the data of collection are transmitted from serial ports, and transfer rate is 115.2Kbps, and storage mode is a scale-of-two, require to add GPS with the storage industrial computer time constantly and are numbered filename and store.The data of GPS dash receiver output comprise the navigation message of three GPS, the time (lock in time) of the carrier phase observation data of each epoch and laser scanner data recording.The view data that digital camera 3 is gathered is from the interface board interface transmission of industrial computer expansion, transfer rate is 2M-140M Kbps, image is several, plurality of pictures with once shooting is that unit stores, the industrial computer time with transmission time stores as directory name, is numbered filename with the camera unification and stores.
This device adopts in force and grinds magnificent 6179V industrial computer as the main control platform, and its configuring condition is: CPU:PIII-850RAM:256MDDR HD:IBM-40GB; Single-chip microcomputer adopts 89C2051; The GPS dash receiver adopts NovAtelDL-4-L1-L2; Digital camera 3 adopts Nikon DIX digital camera; Laser scanner 4 adopts the LMS-Q140i-80 type scanner of Rigal company.
As shown in Figure 3, the power supply of this device embodiment is achieved in that the vehicular power-bottle and the in parallel one additional storage battery that adopt this car are power supply, is replenished by the electric weight of electric generator of vehicle to storage battery in the course of the work.Because industrial computer needs the 220V AC power, GPS dash receiver, scanner 4 need the 12V direct current, single-chip microcomputer needs the 5V direct current, the above three kinds of voltages of 3 needs of camera, so adopt the UPS inverter, with vehicle-mounted 12V dc inverter is that alternating current 220V is the industrial computer power supply, respectively GPS plate and single-chip microcomputer is powered by Switching Power Supply again.So not only when automobile starting, can protect the be not hit destruction of electric current of other electrical equipment fully, can be easily when stopping charge function by UPS vehicular power-bottle is charged.When the automobile storage battery brownout was not enough to provide inverter work, device can be by the alarm signal, and prompting starts automobile or shutdown system.Because scanner 4 is power consumption maximums in all the sensors, and voltage stability is had higher requirement, therefore increase by one in boat-carrying storage battery, specially to scanner 4 power supplies.Like this, this device can move about 30 minutes under the situation of not charging, and then can move if start the charging of automobile limit always.
Fig. 4 is the data acquisition storage and the processing procedure of whole device.Be described in detail as follows:
One, field data acquisition
The work beginning, the traverse measurement car was gathered gps signal five minutes from starting point is static, after begin to travel along measured object, the dynamic acquisition gps signal, scanner and digital camera are started working simultaneously, after stopping to the measured object terminal point, gps data, scan-data, the image data of above-mentioned collection stored in the industrial and mineral machine data storehouse with GPS file, LMS file, CCD document form respectively.Wherein LMS scan data file form is for whenever classifying an index as, record of every behavior, and each desired value of a point in the line display alignment comprises period, penetrates distance, amplitude, angle, time.
Two, interior industry is handled
1, read the GPS file, use the GrafMov data processor to resolve, 6 elements of exterior orientation that obtain each epoch are coordinate (X, Y, H), attitude parameter course angle (α) pitch angle (β) roll angle (κ); Divide into groups, carry out the interpolation process of fitting treatment by face again and obtain each scanning of the scanner coordinate (X, Y, Z) and attitude parameter (α, β, γ) the generation gps data table of scanning center constantly.When above-mentioned gps data is handled, utilize the observation data between base station and the main antenna to carry out the single coordinate that resolves main antenna epoch of difference; Adopt the blur level OTF calculation method that is fit to attitude measurement, decomposing and fix short baseline with the phase place smoothing pseudo range provides the blur level search center; With the attitude of list resolving GPS platform epoch, and then try to achieve the attitude (a, β, γ) in each scanning moment of scanner and the coordinate of scanning center.At last above data are carried out spatial integration, time integration, attitude correction etc. and resolve the impact point coordinate, finally generate the gps data table.
Above-mentioned raw data matching principle: the synchronizing signal according to data acquisition time is a benchmark, carries out Data Matching with time tag.The scanner per second is gathered 40 * 220 points, GPS epoch at interval I to 0.05 second, according to 6 elements of exterior orientation of scanner automatic interpolation writing time.For the linear running track, adopt linear interpolation, for the broken line running orbit, adopt polynomial expression or segmentation B spline interpolation.
2, from database LMS file, read the laser scanner raw data.At first with terrain data and atural object data separating; Separate the back atural object data are carried out filtering, remove influences such as measuring noise, shelter such as trees, obtain the buildings raw data; Again according to building feature, the laser measurement section of continuous sweep is carried out whole matching correct, obtain buildings two dimensional surface characteristic.
Access coordinate information again from database gps data table, in conjunction with coordinate information the two dimensional surface characteristic is handled, the data after the processing totally four row, and first classifies temporal information as, second, third, four row are respectively X, Y, H value; Attitude parameter correspondence position data also are four row, and back three row are respectively course angle (α), depression angle (β), roll angle (γ), thereby obtain reflecting the 3-D scanning coordinate of building surface geometric properties; Generate the LMS tables of data.
3, then moving the LMS data processor carries out a cloud computing, section processing, unique point detection, generates the cloud data table the LMS tables of data.This tables of data is appended six row in the back of raw data, and first three columns is respectively each analyzing spot through later X, Y, the H coordinate of spatial integration; Back three row are respectively through attitude and correct later three-dimensional coordinate X, Y, H.
4, from the cloud data table, extract buildings plane characteristic data, generate the general three-dimensional model of buildings, or from the cloud data table, extract individual photo or the stereogram data are carried out modeling, utilize absolute orientation and parallax result to obtain unique point in the target framework, finally generate the three-dimensional modeling data table.
Read the CCD image data and generate the ccd data table, starting at benchmark according to coordinate corrects target image, pass through the reference mark, image is carried out the correction of vertical image, eliminate projection error, utilize the texture photogrammetric technology, digital surface model and photography texture are carried out accurate registration and stack, generate DSM texture image data table.
Utilize above-mentioned in the general three-dimensional model of buildings handled of industry, three-dimensional modeling data table, DSM texture image data table according to the difference of three dimensions modeling method, can realize following function:
1. utilize buildings general three dimension model, assist again, set up the three-dimensional model of " truly " in DSM texture image data.
2. under the prerequisite that does not have the positioning control benchmark, on the basis of DSM texture image data table, set up preliminary three-dimensional model, introduce other relative controlled condition again and set up the three-dimensional model of " truly " by the spatial relationship of stereogram.
3. on three-dimensional modeling data table and DSM texture image data table basis, the reference data of starting at by the space calculates based on the 3 d space coordinate of starting at benchmark, sets up real three-dimensional model.
4. also can utilize remote sensing or aviation image and ground control point to resolve three-dimensional coordinate with the extraction model framework, assist again, set up the three-dimensional model of " truly " in DSM texture image data.
Claims (2)
1, a kind of vehicular close-range target three-dimensional measuring apparatus, it comprises a removable measurement car, it is characterized in that: install and measure platform at the moving vehicle top, installation data pick-up transducers on the platform, sensor comprises CCD digital camera, laser scanner and three GPS receiving antennas, and the signal wire of the sensor inserts the acquisition control system in the vehicle chamber; Acquisition control system is made up of industrial control computer, single-chip microcomputer and GPS dash receiver, wherein:
Three GPS receiving antennas insert the interior GPS dash receiver of car and constitute the GPS receiver, and the gps signal that receiver receives is processed into the GPS file through single-chip microcomputer, is transferred to the industrial computer hard disk by the industrial computer serial ports;
The laser scanner output line inserts industrial computer by parallel or serial line interface, will be transferred to the industrial computer hard disk by the range data of side thing and angle-data during work;
The output line of CCD digital camera inserts industrial computer from the parallel interface of industrial computer expansion, 3-D view picture data with measured object during work is transferred to the industrial computer hard disk, the control line of digital camera inserts single-chip microcomputer, by the automatic or semi-automatic shooting action of Single-chip Controlling camera.
2, vehicular close-range target three-dimensional measuring apparatus as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that also comprising and vehicular power-bottle and the same capacity storage battery and the inverter that connect, be used for providing 220V alternating current to industrial computer and digital camera, provide 12V direct current to GPS and single-chip microcomputer respectively through Switching Power Supply again, one in addition additional boat-carrying storage battery is specialized in scanner 12V direct supply.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200520084023 CN2821523Y (en) | 2005-06-09 | 2005-06-09 | Vehicle carried close shot target three dimension measuring device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200520084023 CN2821523Y (en) | 2005-06-09 | 2005-06-09 | Vehicle carried close shot target three dimension measuring device |
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| CN2821523Y true CN2821523Y (en) | 2006-09-27 |
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| CN 200520084023 Expired - Fee Related CN2821523Y (en) | 2005-06-09 | 2005-06-09 | Vehicle carried close shot target three dimension measuring device |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1945213B (en) * | 2006-11-02 | 2010-12-22 | 武汉大学 | Method for realizing visual position service based on measurable real image |
| CN103778681A (en) * | 2014-01-24 | 2014-05-07 | 青岛秀山移动测量有限公司 | Vehicle-mounted high-speed road inspection system and data acquisition and processing method |
-
2005
- 2005-06-09 CN CN 200520084023 patent/CN2821523Y/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1945213B (en) * | 2006-11-02 | 2010-12-22 | 武汉大学 | Method for realizing visual position service based on measurable real image |
| CN103778681A (en) * | 2014-01-24 | 2014-05-07 | 青岛秀山移动测量有限公司 | Vehicle-mounted high-speed road inspection system and data acquisition and processing method |
| CN103778681B (en) * | 2014-01-24 | 2016-03-30 | 青岛秀山移动测量有限公司 | A kind of vehicle-mounted highway cruising inspection system and data acquisition and disposal route |
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