CN2811904Y

CN2811904Y - Non-ferrous metal vacuum distillation and separation furnace with external electromagnetic induction heater

Info

Publication number: CN2811904Y
Application number: CNU2005200225139U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 罗文洲
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2005-06-13
Filing date: 2005-06-13
Publication date: 2006-08-30
Anticipated expiration: 2015-06-13

Abstract

The utility model relates to a non-ferrous metal electromagnetic external induction vacuum distillation separation stove, wherein an electromagnetic induction heater is sheathed on the outside of a vacuum stove shell which is made from materials with characteristics of no magnetic conduction, no electricity conduction, high temperature resistance, high intensity, high air tightness and ageing resistance; a condensing chamber is arranged on the top of an evaporation chamber, and the condensing chamber and the evaporation chamber are connected with each other and are independently laid. The utility model effectively solves the problem of vacuum discharge of the conventional vacuum resistance stove and the vacuum induction stove, and thoroughly eradicates the defects brought by the conventional vacuum stove because the condenser is sheathed on the outside of the evaporation chamber layer upon layer. On one hand, the condensing chamber can be prevented from the interference of large-area radiant heat from the evaporation chamber, and one the other hand, the radiant heat of the evaporation chamber is effectively shielded by a cylinder-shaped crucible and a heat insulation material sleeve, thereby, the condensing efficiency is greatly increased, the effective utilization rate of electric energy reaches 85 to 90 percent, and the evaporation energy consumption of the evaporation chamber is greatly reduced; the electric current, the voltage and the power which are used are not limited, and stove shapes required by large-scale industrial production can be designed.

Description

The non-ferrous metal electromagnetism is responded to vacuum distilled furnace for separating outward

Technical field

The utility model relates to multiple non-ferrous metal and separates the vacuum melting technology of purifying, and especially a kind ofly answers heating that the alloy of multiple coloured crude metal or non-ferrous metal is carried out the outer induction vacuum distilled furnace for separating that vacuum distillation separates purification with the electromagnetism diseases caused by external factors.

Background technology

Utilize the difference of physical propertys such as boiling point, separation, from the alloy of coloured crude metal or non-ferrous metal, isolate certain metallic element, reach and separate the purpose of purifying with vacuum distillation.These two kinds of methods are called as vacuum distillation and separate method of purification, separate purification this purpose for reaching, and the two big class type of furnaces are arranged at present both at home and abroad.One class is vacuum resistance furnace, the another kind of vaccum sensitive stove that cries.What vacuum resistance furnace adopted is electrical resistance heating, promptly with electric resistance alloy or graphite as heater, 89108164.X promptly is as the patent No..What vaccum sensitive stove adopted is the electromagnetic induction heating method, and its induction heater is to be placed on stainless-steel vacuum furnace shell the inside, and heated crucible or material are the centres that is placed on inductor, are exactly this type of type of furnace as the patent No. 98244635.7.

The critical defect that the above-mentioned two class vacuum type of furnaces all are difficult to solve is exactly a vacuum discharge problem in the stove.In order to overcome the vacuum discharge problem, this two classes type of furnace all has to adopt the electric system of low-voltage and high-current.The highest working voltage of vacuum resistance furnace is only 40 volts at present, only 30～36 volts of common voltages.As: the vertical and horizontal vacuum resistance furnace that the engineering academician of Kunming University of Science and Technology wears professor's invention Yongnian just belongs to this class type of furnace.Although use so low voltage, their graphite electrode, i.e. also only 4～8 days the highest continuous service life of heater.The basic reason that graphite heater damages is owing to there is the vacuum discharge phenomenon.As everyone knows, use the electric system of low-voltage and high-current, the effective rate of utilization of power is low-down, more than the conventional vacuum drying oven of two classes, the effective rate of utilization of electric energy only is 40～50%.

In order to improve electrical efficiency, above-mentioned vaccum sensitive stove has appearred on the basis of vacuum resistance furnace, the working voltage of this class type of furnace has been brought up to 400 volts, though electrical efficiency increases compared with vacuum resistance furnace, but in order to overcome vacuum discharge, have to use the intermediate frequency isolating transformer, this transformer will lose more than 30% of general power, and all occur the vacuum discharge phenomenon unavoidably as long as the voltage that uses surpasses 400 volts.In case discharge occurs, inductor and furnace shell etc. just have breakdown and danger that burn.That is afraid of that dielectric strength has reached high-grade, and the vacuum discharge phenomenon exists in the same old way.

More than second fatal shortcoming of the two class type of furnaces be: the condenser of vacuum drying oven is the outside that is sleeved on vaporization chamber layer by layer, each layer condensation cover directly is subjected to from the photothermal interference of the large tracts of land of evaporating pan, make the metal vapors in the condensation cover can not get rapid condensation, not only reduced condensate output, the evaporation energy consumption rises, also can make the metal in the evaporating pan excessive and mixed mutually, cause serious quality accident with condensate because of air pressure fluctuation.

More than the 3rd shortcoming of the two class type of furnaces be: the radiant heat of evaporating pan can not get shielding, and the effective rate of utilization of heat of evaporation is low.

Generally speaking, above-mentioned two class vacuum drying ovens generally can only be used for the occasion that small-power is produced because electric current and voltage is restricted, and power is also corresponding to be restricted both at home and abroad at present.On the other hand, owing to there is the vacuum discharge phenomenon that is difficult to overcome, reduced the service life of equipment, safety in production can not get ensureing.The effective rate of utilization that particularly above-mentioned two kinds of type of furnaces all exist electric energy is low, and only 40～50%.

Summary of the invention

Weak point at above-mentioned technology, the utility model provides the more rational non-ferrous metal electromagnetism of a kind of design to respond to vacuum distilled furnace for separating outward, in the structural design of vaporization chamber, electromagnetic induction heater is sleeved on the outside of vacuum furnace shell, the vacuum furnace shell select for use possess magnetic conduction not, non-conductive, high temperature resistant, high strength, high-air-tightness and the material making of aging six big characteristics; Condensation chamber is arranged at the top of vaporization chamber, and two had partly both linked to each other and independent the layout, efficiently solved the vacuum discharge problem of conventional vacuum resistance furnace and vaccum sensitive stove.

The utility model compact conformation, its structural design and selection have thoroughly been eradicated the danger that conventional vacuum drying oven is difficult to vacuum discharge in the stove that solves always, this be vaccum sensitive stove technically important breakthrough, also be the major technological breakthrough in the selection of vacuum furnace shell.Thereby the novel employed electric current of this reality, voltage and power are unrestricted, can design the type of furnace that large-scale industrial production needs; Owing to solved the vacuum discharge problem, improved in the stove longevity exponentially simultaneously.

Because condensation chamber A is arranged at the top of vaporization chamber B, thoroughly eradicated conventional vacuum drying oven and be sleeved on the drawback that the vaporization chamber outside is brought layer by layer because of condenser, on the one hand condensation chamber is avoided from the photothermal interference of the large tracts of land of vaporization chamber, the radiant heat of vaporization chamber is by cylindrical crucible and the effectively shielding of heat-insulating material cover on the other hand, increase substantially condensation efficiency, make the electric energy effective rate of utilization up to 85～90%, and reduced the evaporation energy consumption of vaporization chamber significantly.

Liquid metal reverse flow all the time from structural design makes the high-temperature gas metal and is condensed has further improved condensation efficiency and productivity ratio.According to the difference of residue proportion, fusing point, the discharge of residue adopts siphon discharge and vacuum freely falling body to discharge two kinds of structures respectively.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is embodiment one structural representation of the present utility model.

Fig. 2 is embodiment two structural representations of the present utility model.

Fig. 3 is the inner face schematic diagram of evaporating pan among the embodiment.

The specific embodiment

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment explanation, but protection domain of the present utility model is not limited to accompanying drawing and embodiment.

As Fig. 1, the equipment that the utility model provides, the condensation chamber A that comprises vacuum suction device 1, dust arrester installation 2, observation duct 3, central feed tube 4, siphon feed arrangement 5, melting furnace 6, the combination of a plurality of bell shape condensation enclosure dress, members such as garden cylindricality vaporization chamber B, electromagnetic induction heater 17, vacuum furnace shell 18, siphon discharger 25, residue discharger 26.The metal that needs melting enters siphon pot and siphon pipe in the siphon feed arrangement 5 from melting furnace 6.Because siphon principle, the metalliferous material in the siphon pipe flows to central feed tube 4 from the top of condensation chamber A automatically, is flow to the remittance liquid exhaust dish 13 on vaporization chamber B top and is evaporated 14 by central feed tube again.For preventing the high-temp liquid corrosion of metal, siphon pot and siphon pipe etc. all adopt special anti-corrosion treatment.The employing bolt is removable the connection between the condenser casing 9 that is provided with recirculated cooling water cover and the cylindrical shape vacuum furnace shell 18.Adopt also between condenser top cover 8 and the condenser casing that bolt is removable to be connected.Shell is provided with temperature transducer 10.The bell shape condensation cover 7 of a plurality of different sizes suit combination from small to large in the condenser casing, outermost layer condensation cover is placed in the condensation cover supporting 12, all the other every adjacent two condensation covers are another supporting successively with diameter the greater, are provided with the central feed tube 4 that graphite is made in the condensation cover in bosom; Condensation cover supporting 12 is placed on the top of vaporization chamber crucible 20.The whole body of each layer condensation cover is evenly distributed with hundreds of breeder tube, these breeder tubes have increased condensation area on the one hand, the gaseous metal can be flowed freely and spread, improved the condensation efficiency of gaseous metal greatly, favourable metal gas freely spreads and condensation.

In the cylindrical vaporization chamber B of the present utility model, have dozens of disc evaporating pan 15 to form perpendicular to the axial line closed assembly of vaporization chamber, be placed in the vaporization chamber center, the overlapping evaporating pan that is placed in of dozens of has been linked to be a center gas-liquid channel 16.The lower end of passage communicates with evaporant or condensate siphon discharger 25 by evaporation chassis 22, forces the high-temperature metal gas that is evaporated and the metal liquid that is condensed thus, and reverse flow all the time increases substantially the condensation efficiency of metal gas.At evaporating pan 15 outside suit cylindrical crucibles 20, the toroidal cavity of crucible periphery filling cylindrical shape jacket 19.Cylindrical shape vacuum furnace shell 18 tightly is sleeved on the outside of jacket 19; Form annular buffering air chamber 21 between the internal face of the outside wall surface of evaporating pan and crucible 20, the buffering air chamber communicates with the upper end condensation chamber; On the external cylindrical surface of vacuum furnace shell 18, tight suit cylindrical spring shape electromagnetic induction heater 17.Automatic temp controller 11 can show and control the gas temperature of vaporization chamber.The furnace bottom 23 and the vacuum furnace shell 18 of vacuum drying oven are removable screw attachment, furnace bottom 23 and the removable Bolt Connection of supporting 24 usefulness.Condensate or evaporant siphon discharger 25 connect for welding with furnace bottom 23, and residue vacuum freely falling body discharger 26 is a Bolt Connection with furnace bottom 23.

All flange sealing surfaces all adopt the centre of double flute rubber seal C to add the sealing of ring-shaped vacuum silicone grease in the utility model.

The embodiment two that Fig. 2 represents, embodiment one basis of representing with Fig. 1 on the vacuum drying oven structure is identical, just on residue discharger structure difference is arranged.

The utility model is according to residue character, and as the difference of metal proportion, the structural design of residue discharger is siphon discharge and vacuum freely falling body discharge structure.When fusing point≤700 of residue ℃, the structure of the structure of residue discharger and evaporant or condensate discharger is identical, all belongs to the siphon discharge structure, and as shown in Figure 1, this structure is used for working continuously for a long time.When high-melting-point solid phase and liquid phase in the residue coexist, for preventing line clogging, must adopt vacuum freely falling body discharge structure, as Fig. 2, this structure can only be used for semicontinuous operation.When residue freely falling body drip after fill vacuum tank 26, unclamp the bottom that bolt takes off the vacuum tank 26 of filling residue, change another empty vacuum tank 26 and can continue the blow-on melting.Owing to need the vacuum tank of periodic replacement residue, so this kind structure belongs to semicontinuous operation.

As shown in Figure 3, be provided with 8 guiding fluid parting beads 27 that radially distribute in each evaporating pan, parting bead and outer parting bead are staggered evenly distributed in it, after the metal liquid in the dish circulates nearly 360 degree angles, flow into next evaporating pan successively.Because the metal liquid in the dish plays the strong agitation effect with the repeatedly tortuous circulation of serpentine, makes the temperature difference of each point metal in the dish approach zero.

Claims

1, a kind of non-ferrous metal electromagnetism is responded to vacuum distilled furnace for separating outward, comprise vacuum suction device (1), dust arrester installation (2), observe duct (3), central feed tube (4), siphon feed arrangement (5), melting furnace (6), the condensation chamber A of a plurality of bell shape condensation enclosure dress combination, garden cylindricality vaporization chamber B, electromagnetic induction heater (17), vacuum furnace shell (18), siphon discharger (25), residue discharger (26), it is characterized in that: electromagnetic induction heater (17) is sleeved on the outside of vacuum furnace shell (18), cylindrical shape jacket (19) in the vacuum furnace shell, cylindrical crucible (20) and form vaporization chamber B along the dozens of disc graphite evaporating pan (15) of vertical axis overlapping placement successively, the centre bore of dozens of evaporating pan is linked to be a center gas-liquid channel (16) from top to bottom, the upper end of this passage communicates with condensation chamber A, and the lower end communicates with siphon discharger (25).

2, outer induction vacuum distilled furnace for separating according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the vacuum drying oven housing is columnar structured.

3, outer induction vacuum distilled furnace for separating according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: condensation chamber A is positioned over the top of vaporization chamber B; Between center gas-liquid channel (16) and condensation chamber B, there are the liquid exhaust dish (13) of remittance and evaporation to take over a business (14).

4, outer induction vacuum distilled furnace for separating according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: dozens of disc graphite evaporating pan (15) is along the overlapping center that is placed on vaporization chamber of vertical axis, the peripheral suit cylindrical crucible (20) of evaporating pan, the toroidal cavity filling jacket (19) of crucible periphery, the peripheral suit vacuum drying oven of jacket shell.

5, outer induction vacuum distilled furnace for separating according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: form annular buffering air chamber (21) between the internal face of the outside wall surface of evaporating pan and crucible (20), the buffering air chamber communicates with the upper end condensation chamber.

6, outer induction vacuum distilled furnace for separating according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: be provided with the bell shape condensation cover (7) that a plurality of different-diameters are arranged in the condensation chamber shell (9) of water collar, outermost layer condensation cover is placed in the condensation cover supporting (12), all the other each adjacent condensation covers are followed successively by a bigger supporting as another of diameter, and condensation cover supporting (12) is placed on the top of crucible (20); Be evenly distributed with breeder tube on each bell shape condensation cover (7).

7, outer induction vacuum distilled furnace for separating according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the central feed tube that graphite is made (4) is arranged on the center of condensation chamber.

8, outer induction vacuum distilled furnace for separating according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the evaporating pan inner face is provided with the guiding fluid parting bead (27) that radially distributes, and parting bead and outer parting bead are staggered evenly distributed in it.

9, outer induction vacuum distilled furnace for separating according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the structure of residue discharger is divided into the siphon discharge and the vacuum freely falling body is discharged two kinds of structures.