CN2796650Y - 焦点至探测器距离可调的计算机断层摄影系统 - Google Patents

焦点至探测器距离可调的计算机断层摄影系统 Download PDF

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CN2796650Y
CN2796650Y CNU200520011180XU CN200520011180U CN2796650Y CN 2796650 Y CN2796650 Y CN 2796650Y CN U200520011180X U CNU200520011180X U CN U200520011180XU CN 200520011180 U CN200520011180 U CN 200520011180U CN 2796650 Y CN2796650 Y CN 2796650Y
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杜剑
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Siemens Shanghai Medical Equipment Ltd
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B6/00Apparatus for radiation diagnosis, e.g. combined with radiation therapy equipment
    • A61B6/02Devices for diagnosis sequentially in different planes; Stereoscopic radiation diagnosis
    • A61B6/03Computerised tomographs
    • A61B6/032Transmission computed tomography [CT]
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B6/00Apparatus for radiation diagnosis, e.g. combined with radiation therapy equipment
    • A61B6/44Constructional features of apparatus for radiation diagnosis
    • A61B6/4429Constructional features of apparatus for radiation diagnosis related to the mounting of source units and detector units
    • A61B6/4435Constructional features of apparatus for radiation diagnosis related to the mounting of source units and detector units the source unit and the detector unit being coupled by a rigid structure
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B6/00Apparatus for radiation diagnosis, e.g. combined with radiation therapy equipment
    • A61B6/44Constructional features of apparatus for radiation diagnosis
    • A61B6/4429Constructional features of apparatus for radiation diagnosis related to the mounting of source units and detector units
    • A61B6/4452Constructional features of apparatus for radiation diagnosis related to the mounting of source units and detector units the source unit and the detector unit being able to move relative to each other
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B6/00Apparatus for radiation diagnosis, e.g. combined with radiation therapy equipment
    • A61B6/58Testing, adjusting or calibrating apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis
    • A61B6/588Setting distance between source unit and detector unit
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N23/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00
    • G01N23/02Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by transmitting the radiation through the material
    • G01N23/04Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by transmitting the radiation through the material and forming images of the material
    • G01N23/046Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by transmitting the radiation through the material and forming images of the material using tomography, e.g. computed tomography [CT]
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2223/00Investigating materials by wave or particle radiation
    • G01N2223/40Imaging
    • G01N2223/419Imaging computed tomograph
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2223/00Investigating materials by wave or particle radiation
    • G01N2223/60Specific applications or type of materials
    • G01N2223/612Specific applications or type of materials biological material

Abstract

本实用新型涉及一种焦点至探测器距离可调的计算机断层摄影系统,该系统包括一机架,机架上开设机架孔,机架的对应两端分别装设X射线管和探测器,该X射线管具有一焦点,自该焦点发射的X射线束具有固定的张角,其中,该X射线管是装设在一导轨上并可沿着该导轨的轨道自由移动。所述的探测器设置在一探测器面上,用以接收所述的X射线束,而该探测器面是装设在另一导轨上并可沿着该导轨的轨道自由移动。本实用新型实现了基于扫描物体尺寸的对焦点至探测器距离进行实时调整,从而减少了图像质量对被测物尺寸的依赖性,进而大大提高了CT机的临床适用范围,同时为开创一种类似照相机光圈的可伸缩机架孔提供了全面的解决方案。

Description

焦点至探测器距离可调的计算机断层摄影系统
技术领域
本实用新型涉及一种计算机断层摄影(Computed tomography,CT)系统,特别是涉及一种焦点至探测器距离可调的(adjustable focus-to-detectordistance)计算机断层摄影系统。
背景技术
在一般的CT系统中,X射线管(X-ray tube)的张角和X射线管的焦点至其对应的探测器的距离是固定的,这不但影响了在扫描过程中对病人操作的便利性(patient accessibility),而且还会因为对待扫描的病人(部位)的体积的不同,或者因为发射/接收的X射线束的数量的不同而导致系统成像质量的下降。
请参阅图1,在一典型的CT系统中,机架(gantry)10上开设有机架孔(gantry bore/gantry funnel)20以供将病人送进机架10内进行扫描。X射线管40固定安装在机架10的一端,该X射线管40的焦点(focus)42在发射X射线束的时候具有固定的张角a,与该X射线管40对应的探测器(detector)设在固定安装在机架10另一端的探测器面60上,以接收从该焦点42发射的X射线束进行系统成像。
由于该X射线管40的焦点42的张角a以及该焦点42至探测器的距离D1是固定不变的,当待扫描病人的体积过大时,在机架孔20内对该病人的操作将非常不便,或者甚至视区(field of view,FOV)的X射线束无法完全覆盖该病人的体积,此时如更换焦点张角更大的X射线管以克服上述问题时,则会急剧增加设备的成本;而当为了取得更好的对待扫描病人操作的便利性而增大该机架孔20的孔径,而待扫描病人的体积较小(如儿童)时,穿过该体积较小的病人而被所述的探测器接收到的X射线的数量将大大减少,这将严重影响系统成像的质量,尽管通过后续的加强算法可以对图像进行部分的补偿。
因此,如何提供一种焦点至探测器距离可调的CT系统已成为业界亟待解决的问题。
实用新型内容
本实用新型的目的在于提出一种提供一种焦点至探测器距离可调的计算机断层摄影系统。
为达到上述目的,本实用新型提出一种焦点至探测器距离可调的计算机断层摄影系统,该系统包括一机架,机架上开设机架孔,机架的对应两端分别装设X射线管和探测器,该X射线管具有一焦点,自该焦点发射的X射线束具有固定的张角,其特征在于:该X射线管是装设在一导轨上并可沿着该导轨的轨道自由移动。
其中,所述的探测器设置在一探测器面上,用以接收所述的X射线束,而该探测器面是装设在另一导轨上并可沿着该导轨的轨道自由移动。通过控制所述的两导轨的轨道的长短可以分别控制该X射线管和该探测器面在对应导轨上的行程。
本实用新型可以广泛应用于各种计算机断层摄影系统,特别是螺旋式计算机断层摄影(spiral computed tomography)系统中。
本实用新型通过将CT系统的X射线管和探测器面分别装设在位于其机架两端的导轨上,实现了自由调节该X射线管的焦点至其对应探测器的距离,取得以下优点:
(1)随着X射线管和探测器面之间的距离的增加,可以增大CT系统的视区;
(2)通过调节X射线管和探测器面之间的距离,可以使得更多的X射线束有效地穿过待扫描物体以取得更好的系统成像质量;
(3)随着机架孔径的增加,使得体积更大的待扫描物体能进入机架内进行扫描,或者对待扫描物体的操作更为方便。
因此,本实用新型实现了基于扫描物体尺寸的对焦点至探测器距离进行实时调整,从而减少了图像质量对被测物尺寸的依赖性,进而大大提高了CT机的临床适用范围,同时为开创一种类似照相机光圈的可伸缩机架孔提供了全面的解决方案。
附图说明
图1是本实用新型焦点至探测器距离可调的计算机断层摄影系统的示意图。
具体实施方式
请参阅图1,在CT系统的机架10上开设机架孔20,待扫描的病人自该机架孔20进入该机架10,该机架孔20的孔径为R1。X射线管40装设在该机架10的一端,该X射线管40包括一焦点42,自该焦点42发射的X射线束具有固定的张角a。与该X射线管40对应的,用来接收自该焦点42发射的X射线束的,设置有探测器的探测器面60装设在该机架10的另一端,与该X射线管40相对。该X射线管40的焦点42与该探测器面60之间的距离为D1。在该焦点42的固定的张角a与所述的距离D1的条件下,X射线管40在该机架孔20处的扫描区域30的半径为R1’。
为了在该X射线管40的焦点42的张角固定不变的情况下,根据待扫描病人的体积大小灵活调节该X射线管40的焦点42至所述病人的距离,以使得尽可能多的X射线束穿过所述病人而被该探测器面60上的探测器接收到,从而获得尽可能高的系统成像质量,本实用新型焦点至探测器距离可调的计算机断层摄影系统在该机架10中装设一导轨50,该X射线管40装设在该导轨50上并可沿着该导轨50的轨道上下(前后)移动,以调节该X射线管40的焦点42与该探测器面60之间的距离。
如图1所示,在该X射线管40沿着该导轨50移动至虚线位置时,其焦点42与该探测器面60之间的距离变成D1加上其在该导轨50上移动的行程,而该X射线管40在该机架孔20处的扫描区域由30变成30’,半径由R1’增大为R2’,从而该X射线管40的焦点42发射的X射线束覆盖的范围随之增大,该CT系统的视区也同时随之增大。
当然,通过控制该导轨50的轨道的长度可以控制该X射线管40在该导轨50上的行程的长短,从而可以自由调节该X射线管40的焦点42与该探测器面60之间的距离,以适应对不同体积的待扫描病人的扫描,在保证将待扫描病人全部覆盖在扫描区域的前提下,使得尽可能多的X射线束穿过所述病人,以获得尽可能高质量的系统成像。
在本实用新型焦点至探测器距离可调的计算机断层摄影系统的另一个实施例中,如图1所示,进一步在该机架10中装设另一导轨70,该探测器面60装设在该导轨70上并可沿着该导轨70的轨道上下(前后)移动,以调节该探测器面60与该X射线管40的焦点42之间的距离。当该X射线管40和该测器面60分别在导轨50和70上,并且移动至虚线位置时,该X射线管40的焦点42与该探测器面60之间的距离增大到D2,此时,原孔径为R1的机架孔20也可以扩大为孔径为R2的机架孔20’,以使体积更大的待扫描病人能进入该机架10内进行扫描,或者对待扫描病人的操作更为方便;同时,该CT系统的视区也随之增大。
综上所述,本实用新型通过将CT系统的X射线管和探测器面分别装设在位于其机架两端的导轨上,实现了自由调节该X射线管的焦点至其对应探测器的距离,取得以下优点:
(1)随着X射线管和探测器面之间的距离的增加,可以增大CT系统的视区;
(2)通过调节X射线管和探测器面之间的距离,可以使得更多的X射线束有效地穿过待扫描物体以取得更好的系统成像质量;
(3)随着机架孔径的增加,使得体积更大的待扫描物体能进入机架内进行扫描,或者对待扫描物体的操作更为方便。

Claims (3)

1.一种焦点至探测器距离可调的计算机断层摄影系统,包括一机架,机架上开设机架孔,机架的对应两端分别装设X射线管和探测器,该X射线管具有一焦点,自该焦点发射的X射线束具有固定的张角,其特征在于:该X射线管是装设在一位于机架两端的导轨上并可沿着该导轨的轨道自由移动。
2.根据权利要求1的焦点至探测器距离可调的计算机断层摄影系统,其特征在于:所述的探测器设置在一探测器面上,用以接收所述的X射线束。
3.根据权利要求2的焦点至探测器距离可调的计算机断层摄影系统,其特征在于:该探测器面是装设在另一导轨上并可沿着该导轨的轨道自由移动。
CNU200520011180XU 2005-03-31 2005-03-31 焦点至探测器距离可调的计算机断层摄影系统 Expired - Lifetime CN2796650Y (zh)

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DE102006010726A DE102006010726A1 (de) 2005-03-31 2006-03-08 Computertomographiesystem mit einstellbarer Brennfleck-zu-Detektor-Distanz
US11/392,087 US7418074B2 (en) 2005-03-31 2006-03-29 Computed tomography system with adjustable focal spot-to-detector distance

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CN101966086B (zh) * 2009-07-27 2012-11-28 株式会社东芝 X射线ct装置以及x射线管的控制方法
CN108618790A (zh) * 2017-03-24 2018-10-09 上海西门子医疗器械有限公司 兼具x光机和ct机的影像设备
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