CN2796117Y - Fuel cell hydrogen flow guide polar plate suitable for constanst voltage or low voltage operation - Google Patents
Fuel cell hydrogen flow guide polar plate suitable for constanst voltage or low voltage operation Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN2796117Y CN2796117Y CNU2005200416973U CN200520041697U CN2796117Y CN 2796117 Y CN2796117 Y CN 2796117Y CN U2005200416973 U CNU2005200416973 U CN U2005200416973U CN 200520041697 U CN200520041697 U CN 200520041697U CN 2796117 Y CN2796117 Y CN 2796117Y
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- hydrogen
- main flow
- flow
- fuel cell
- mainstream
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Landscapes
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model relates to a fuel cell hydrogen flow-guiding polar plate suitable for running in constant voltage or low voltage, which is a square plate and comprises an air intake main flow hole, an air-out main flow hole, a hydrogen intake main flow hole, a hydrogen outgassing main flow hole, a cooling water inlet main flow hole and a cooling water outlet main flow hole, wherein all the fluid inlet and outlet main flow holes are diagonally arranged, and a plurality of hydrogen main flow grooves and a plurality of branch hydrogen flow grooves are arranged between the hydrogen intake and outgassing main flow holes. The branch hydrogen flow grooves are divided from the hydrogen main flow grooves, and a flow-guiding field which is composed of the hydrogen main flow grooves and the branch hydrogen flow grooves is mainly in S-shaped distribution. The utility model has the advantages of less blockage of the flow-guiding grooves, stable operation, etc.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a fuel cell especially relates to a fuel cell hydrogen water conservancy diversion polar plate that is fit for ordinary pressure or low pressure operation.
Background
An electrochemical fuel cell is a device that is capable of converting hydrogen fuel and an oxidant into electrical energy and reaction products. The inner core component of the device is a Membrane Electrode (MEA), which is composed of a proton exchange Membrane and two porous conductive materials sandwiched between two surfaces of the Membrane, such as carbon paper. The membrane contains a uniform and finely dispersed catalyst, such as a platinum metal catalyst, for initiating an electrochemical reaction at the interface between the membrane and the carbon paper. The electrons generated in the electrochemical reaction process can be led out by conductive objects at two sides of the membrane electrode through an external circuit to form a current loop.
At the anode end of the membrane electrode, fuel can permeate through a porous diffusion material (carbon paper) and undergo electrochemical reaction on the surface of a catalyst to lose electrons to form positive ions, and the positive ions can pass through a proton exchange membrane through migration to reach the cathode end at the other end of the membrane electrode. At the cathode end of the membrane electrode, a gas containing an oxidant (e.g., oxygen), such as air, forms negative ions by permeating through a porous diffusion material (carbon paper) and electrochemically reacting on the surface of the catalyst to give electrons. The anions formed at the cathode end react with the positive ions transferred from the anode end to form reaction products.
In a pem fuel cell using hydrogen as the fuel and oxygen-containing air as the oxidant (or pure oxygen as the oxidant), the catalytic electrochemical reaction of the fuel hydrogen in the anode region produces hydrogen cations (or protons). The proton exchange membrane assists the migration of positive hydrogen ions from the anode region to the cathode region. In addition, the proton exchange membrane separates the hydrogen-containing fuel gas stream from the oxygen-containing gas stream so that they do not mix with each other to cause explosive reactions.
In the cathode region, oxygen gains electrons on the catalyst surface, forming negative ions, which react with the hydrogen positive ions transported from the anode region to produce water as a reaction product. In a proton exchange membrane fuel cell using hydrogen, air (oxygen), the anode reaction and the cathode reaction can be expressed by the following equations:
and (3) anode reaction:
and (3) cathode reaction:
in a typical pem fuel cell, a Membrane Electrode (MEA) is generally placed between two conductive plates, and the surface of each guiding plate in contact with the MEA is die-cast, stamped, or mechanically milled to form at least one or more guiding grooves. The guide electrode platescan be plates made of metal materials or plates made of graphite materials. The diversion pore canals and the diversion grooves on the diversion electrode plates respectively guide the fuel and the oxidant into the anode area and the cathode area on two sides of the membrane electrode. In the structure of a single proton exchange membrane fuel cell, only one membrane electrode is arranged, and a flow guide polar plate of anode fuel and a flow guide polar plate of cathode oxidant are respectively arranged on two sides of the membrane electrode. The flow guide polar plates are used as a current flow collection mother plate and mechanical supports at two sides of the membrane electrode, and flow guide grooves on the flow guide polar plates are also used as channels for fuel and oxidant to enter the surfaces of the anode and the cathode and as channels for taking away water generated in the operation process of the fuel cell.
In order to increase the total power of the whole proton exchange membrane fuel cell, two or more single cells can be connected in series to form a battery pack in a straight-stacked manner or connected in a flat-laid manner to form a battery pack. In the direct-stacking and serial-type battery pack, two surfaces of one polar plate can be provided with flow guide grooves, wherein one surface can be used as an anode flow guide surface of one membrane electrode, and the other surface can be used as a cathode flow guide surface of another adjacent membrane electrode, and the polar plate is called a bipolar plate. A series of cells are connected together in a manner to form a battery pack. The battery pack is generally fastened together into one body by a front end plate, a rear end plate and a tie rod.
A typical battery pack generally includes: (1) the fuel (such as hydrogen, methanol or hydrogen-rich gas obtained by reforming methanol, natural gas and gasoline) and the oxidant (mainly oxygen or air) are uniformly distributed in the diversion trenches of the anode surface and the cathode surface; (2) cooling fluid (such as water) is uniformly distributed into cooling channels in each battery pack through an inlet and an outlet of the cooling fluid and a flow guide channel, and heat generated by electrochemical exothermic reaction of hydrogen and oxygen in the fuel cell is absorbed and taken out of the battery pack for heat dissipation; (3) the outlets of the fuel gas and the oxidant gas and the corresponding flow guide channels can carry out liquid and vapor water generated in the fuel cell when the fuel gas and the oxidant gas are discharged. Typically, all fuel, oxidant, and cooling fluid inlets and outlets are provided in one or both end plates of the fuel cell stack.
The proton exchange membrane fuel cell can be used as a power system of all vehicles, ships and other vehicles, and can also be used as a portable, movable and fixed power generation device. The pem fuel cell power generation system must include fuel cell stack, hydrogen supply, air supply, cooling, automatic control, and power output. The stability and reliability of operation of pem fuel cells are very important for applications as vehicle, marine power systems or mobile power plants. Wherein improving the operational stability and reliability of the fuel cell stack is critical.
At present, in the design of a hydrogen flow guide polar plate of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack, in order to reduce hydrogen resistance, the size of a single cross section of a general hydrogen main flow groove is larger, and the number of the hydrogen main flow grooves is less; in addition, in order to increase the rapid diffusion of the fuel hydrogen to the electrode reaction region, the hydrogen main flow channels on the hydrogen flow guide plate are often designed into a serpentine or bent shape, so that the flow is turbulent to facilitate the diffusion to the electrode internal reaction region.
The design of the hydrogen guide polar plate in the fuel cell stack has the following technical defects:
since the number of the hydrogen main flow channels is small and the flexibility is large, and the length of the hydrogen main flow channel is long, product water generated by the fuel cell is easy to appear on the anode side of the electrode through reverse osmosis, and the hydrogen main flow channel is blocked. Particularly, when the fuel cell is applied to a vehicle or ship power system or a movable power generation device, the operating condition of the power system is greatly changed, the output power of the fuel cell is also greatly changed, and thus the hydrogen main flow channel is easily blocked by water generated by the fuel cell.
In addition, in order to prevent the water generated by the fuel cell from blocking the diversion trench, the air-hydrogen metering ratio of the operation of the fuel cell is often increased, that is, the air and hydrogen flow rates are increased, and the product water is taken out of the fuel cell by using excessive air and hydrogen.
And thirdly, when the air flow groove or the hydrogen main flow groove of the flow guide plate of the fuel cell is blocked in operation, the voltage of a certain blocked cell is very low, even negative values appear, so that the operation of the fuel cell is unstable, and the electrode can be punctured in serious conditions, so that the whole cell stack is damaged.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the utility model is to provide a fuel cell hydrogen gas flow guide polar plate which is suitable for normal pressure or low pressure operation and has the advantages of difficult blockage of a flow guide groove and stable operation in order to overcome the defects of theprior art.
The purpose of the utility model can be realized through the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a fuel cell hydrogen water conservancy diversion polar plate that is fit for ordinary pressure or low pressure operation, this hydrogen water conservancy diversion polar plate is square board, and it includes air inlet mainstream hole, air outlet mainstream hole, hydrogen inlet mainstream hole, hydrogen outlet mainstream hole, cooling water inlet mainstream hole, cooling water outlet mainstream hole, each fluid is advanced, is gone out mainstream pore opposite angle and is set up, its characterized in that, hydrogen advance, be equipped with many hydrogen mainstream groove and many hydrogen flow channels between the mainstream hole of giving vent to anger, this many hydrogen flow channels are branched by many hydrogen mainstream groove and come out, many hydrogen mainstream groove and many hydrogen flow channels constitute the water conservancy diversion field totality be S-shaped and move towards the distribution.
The hydrogen main flow channels divided from the hydrogen inlet main flow holes are divided into a plurality of wavy hydrogen branch flow channels after passing through a section of flow field, the hydrogen branch flow channels are combined into a plurality of hydrogen main flow channels after passing through the whole flow field, and the hydrogen main flow channels are converged in the hydrogen outlet main flow holes after passing through a section of flow field.
Sealing grooves are arranged among the fluid main flow holes, between the fluid main flow holes and the hydrogen main flow groove or the hydrogen branch flow groove and on the periphery of the hydrogen flow guide polar plate.
The connecting part of the hydrogen main runner and the hydrogen inlet and outlet main flow holes is provided with a titanium plate bridgeseal, and hydrogen flows through the titanium plate bridge seal.
And the opposite corners of the hydrogen flow guide polar plate are respectively provided with a positioning hole.
The number of the grooves is 4-20, the number of the grooves is 0.1-0.8 × 0.2-2.0 mm, the groove depth × the groove width of the branch hydrogen flow groove is 0.1-0.8 × 0.2-2.0 mm, and the number of the grooves is 4-20.
The branched hydrogen flow grooves are wavy, and are beneficial to the diffusion of hydrogen to the electrodes.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages of it is following:
a plurality of hydrogen main flow channels are adopted to connect a hydrogen inlet main flow hole and a hydrogen outlet main flow hole on the hydrogen guide polar plate, each hydrogen main flow channel is divided into a plurality of wavy branch hydrogen flow channels after passing through a section of flow field, and the branch hydrogen flow channels are combined into a plurality of hydrogen main flow channels after passing through the whole flow field. The overall flow direction of the hydrogen from the inlet to the outlet of the flow field is S-shaped, rather than repeatedly bending back and forth as in the prior art, so that the flow line is long and the flow resistance is high; each main runner is divided into a plurality of branch runners, so that the flow resistance is greatly reduced; the hydrogen operating pressure can be greatly reduced; the hydrogen can enter the hydrogen flow guiding field from the main flow grooves and can also exit the hydrogen flow guiding field from the main flow grooves, so that water is not easy to block.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, a fuel cell hydrogen flow guiding plate suitable for normal pressure or low pressure hydrogen operation used in a 1-100 KW fuel cell stack has a size of 200 × 200 × 1.5mm, and the hydrogen flow guiding plate is a square plate and includes an air inlet main flow hole 1, an air outlet main flow hole 2, a hydrogen inlet main flow hole 3, a hydrogen outlet main flow hole 4, a cooling water inlet main flow hole 5, a cooling water outlet main flow hole 6, and fluid inlet and outlet main flow hole diagonal arrangements, wherein a plurality of hydrogen main flow grooves 7 and a plurality of hydrogen branch flow grooves 8 are arranged between the hydrogen inlet and outlet main flow holes 3, 4, the plurality of hydrogen branch flow grooves 8 are branched from the plurality of hydrogen main flow grooves 7, and the plurality of hydrogen main flow grooves 7 and the plurality of hydrogen branch flow grooves 8 are distributed in an overall S-shaped trend.
The multiple hydrogen main flow channels 7 divided from the hydrogen inlet main flow holes 3 are respectively divided into multiple wavy hydrogen branch flow channels 8 after passing through a section of flow field, the hydrogen branch flow channels 8 are combined into multiple hydrogen main flow channels 7 after passing through the whole flow field, and the multiple hydrogen main flow channels 7 are converged at the hydrogen outlet main flow holes 4 after passing through a section of flow field.
Sealing grooves 9 are arranged among the fluid main flow holes, between the fluid main flow holes and the hydrogen main flow groove and on the periphery of the hydrogen flow guide polar plate.
The connecting part of the hydrogen main runner 7 and the hydrogen inlet and outlet main flow holes 3 and 4 is provided with a titanium plate bridge seal 10, and hydrogen flows through the titanium plate bridge seal.
And the diagonal positions of the hydrogen flow guide polar plate are respectively provided with a positioning hole 11.
The number of the hydrogen main flow grooves is 5, the number of the grooves is 0.5 multiplied by 1.0mm, the number of the grooves is 13, and the groove depth multiplied by the groove width of each zone hydrogen flow groove is 0.5 multiplied by 1.0 mm.
Example 2
The fuel cell stack of example 1 is a fuel cell hydrogen guiding plate suitable for normal pressure hydrogen operation, and the size is 200 × 200 × 1.5mm, while example 2 is a fuel cell hydrogen guiding plate suitable for low pressure hydrogen operation, and the size is 200 × 200 × 1.5mm, and the other designs are the same as those of example 1, except that: the depth of the hydrogen flow grooves multiplied by the width of the grooves is 0.3 multiplied by 0.8mm, the number of the main flow grooves is 4, and the number of the branch flow grooves is 20; the flow resistance encountered by the hydrogen entering from the inlet of the baffle plate was greater than in example 1, so the hydrogen operating pressure was about 0.5 atmospheres (relative pressure).
Example 3
The hydrogen guide polar plate adopted in the fuel cell suitable for the operation of the medium and low pressure hydrogen is the same as the requirement of the embodiment 2, the depth of the groove is continuously reduced to 0.2mm, the width and the number of the grooves are the same as theembodiment 2, and the hydrogen operation pressure is increased to 1 atmosphere (relative pressure).
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a fuel cell hydrogen water conservancy diversion polar plate that is fit for ordinary pressure or low pressure operation, this hydrogen water conservancy diversion polar plate is square board, and it includes air inlet mainstream hole, air outlet mainstream hole, hydrogen inlet mainstream hole, hydrogen outlet mainstream hole, cooling water inlet mainstream hole, cooling water outlet mainstream hole, each fluid is advanced, is gone out mainstream pore opposite angle and is set up, its characterized in that, hydrogen advance, be equipped with many hydrogen mainstream groove and many hydrogen flow channels between the mainstream hole of giving vent to anger, this many hydrogen flow channels are branched by many hydrogen mainstream groove and come out, many hydrogen mainstream groove and many hydrogen flow channels constitute the water conservancy diversion field totality be S-shaped and move towards the distribution.
2. The fuel cell hydrogen guide plate suitable for normal pressure or low pressure operation according to claim 1, wherein the hydrogen main flow channels branched from the hydrogen inlet main flow holes are respectively branched into a plurality of wavy hydrogen branch flow channels after passing through a section of the flow field, the hydrogen branch flow channels are merged into a plurality of hydrogen main flow channels after passing through the whole flow field, and the hydrogen main flow channels are merged at the hydrogen outlet main flow holes after passing through a section of the flow field.
3. The fuel cell hydrogen guiding plate suitable for normal pressure or low pressure operation according to claim 1, wherein sealing grooves are arranged between the fluid main flow holes, between the fluid main flow holes and the hydrogen main flow groove or the hydrogen branch flow groove, and on the periphery of the hydrogen guiding plate.
4. The fuel cell hydrogen guiding polar plate suitable for normal pressure or low pressure operation according to claim 1, wherein the connection part of the hydrogen main flow channel and the hydrogen inlet and outlet main flow holes is provided with a titanium plate bridge seal, and hydrogen flows through the titanium plate bridge seal.
5. The fuel cell hydrogen guiding plate suitable for normal pressure or low pressure operation as claimed in claim 1, wherein the hydrogen guiding plate is provided with a positioning hole at each of opposite corners.
6. The air guide plate for the fuel cell suitable for the normal pressure or low pressure operation of claim 1, wherein the main hydrogen flow channel has a channel depth x channel width of 0.1-0.8 x 0.2-2.0 mm, the number of channels is 4-20, the branch hydrogen flow channel has a channel depth x channel width of 0.1-0.8 x 0.2-2.0 mm, and the number of channels is 4-20.
7. A fuel cell air deflector plate suitable for normal or low pressure operation as claimed in claim 1, wherein said hydrogen flow channels are corrugated to facilitate the diffusion of hydrogen to the electrodes.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNU2005200416973U CN2796117Y (en) | 2005-05-20 | 2005-05-20 | Fuel cell hydrogen flow guide polar plate suitable for constanst voltage or low voltage operation |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNU2005200416973U CN2796117Y (en) | 2005-05-20 | 2005-05-20 | Fuel cell hydrogen flow guide polar plate suitable for constanst voltage or low voltage operation |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN2796117Y true CN2796117Y (en) | 2006-07-12 |
Family
ID=36813864
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNU2005200416973U Expired - Fee Related CN2796117Y (en) | 2005-05-20 | 2005-05-20 | Fuel cell hydrogen flow guide polar plate suitable for constanst voltage or low voltage operation |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN2796117Y (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112993308A (en) * | 2019-12-14 | 2021-06-18 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Gradient snakelike flow field structure |
-
2005
- 2005-05-20 CN CNU2005200416973U patent/CN2796117Y/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112993308A (en) * | 2019-12-14 | 2021-06-18 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Gradient snakelike flow field structure |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN1194436C (en) | Improved fuel cell | |
| CN1866592A (en) | Combined type flow guide polar plate suitable for normal pressure or low pressure fuel cell | |
| CN1469502A (en) | Integrated fuel cell | |
| CN1581554A (en) | Fuel cell capable of improving operation life | |
| CN1198352C (en) | Fuel battery with higher output power | |
| CN2796117Y (en) | Fuel cell hydrogen flow guide polar plate suitable for constanst voltage or low voltage operation | |
| CN2796119Y (en) | Combined flow guide dipolar plate suitable for constant voltage or low voltage fuel cell | |
| CN2554809Y (en) | Integral fuel cell | |
| CN2829110Y (en) | Energy-saving fuel battery stack with hydrogen supplier | |
| CN2796118Y (en) | Fuel cell air flow guide polar plate suitable for constant voltage or low voltage operation | |
| CN2484648Y (en) | Guider plate of fuel cells | |
| CN1180500C (en) | Fuel cell capable of utilizing hydrogen and oxidant fully | |
| CN1508898A (en) | Guide polar plate capable of increnasing operation stability of fuel cell | |
| CN1231988C (en) | Deionizing system for fuel battery | |
| CN2476106Y (en) | Improved fuel battery | |
| CN2796120Y (en) | Fuel cell of higher operation stability | |
| CN2588554Y (en) | Carrent leading polar board structure for fuel battery | |
| CN2672882Y (en) | Stacking fuel cell on guide flow polar plate operated at low voltage or constant voltage | |
| CN1303716C (en) | Fuel cell with high output voltage | |
| CN1635657A (en) | A double fuel cell power system capable of parallel working | |
| CN1194435C (en) | Fuel cell adopting natural air as oxidant | |
| CN1866590A (en) | Fuel cell hydrogen flow guide polar plate suitable for operating under normal pressure or low pressure | |
| CN2554806Y (en) | High-efficient anti-corrosion compound flow collection mother board for fuel cell | |
| CN2543216Y (en) | Fuel cell capable of realizig multiplication of output voltage | |
| CN2674658Y (en) | Dual-fuel cell power system capable of parallelly operating |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C17 | Cessation of patent right | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20060712 Termination date: 20100520 |