CN2780995Y - Driving engine of rack gear mechanism - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a transmission type engine of a rack gear mechanism. The utility model has the structure that four cylinders are divided into two groups, wherein each group is formed from two cylinders which are arranged together side by side; the cylinders of one group respectively face to the cylinders of the other group one by one; one main piston is installed in each cylinder, and the pistons which are arranged in the relative cylinders are respectively fixedly connected with both ends of each of two connecting rods in a backward direction; one group is connected with the other group by a connecting cylinder; the two connecting rods are parallel, and tooth surfaces of racks which are arranged on the connecting rods face each other, the two racks are respectively arranged on both sides and are meshed with a whole-direction gear which is installed on a transmission shaft, and thus, a linking mechanism is formed. The utility model adopts a rack gear transmission mechanism, which means the pressure of fuel gas, which acts on the main piston in a power stroke, does not need to be broken down, but almost equivalent pressure is transferred along the direction of the connecting rods to the whole-direction gear in order to drive an output shaft to output and to do work, and driving force which is from the fuel gas can be utilized greatly in any other stroke. Thus, conversion from heat energy to mechanical energy in the engine becomes direct and full, and the mechanical efficiency of the engine is improved greatly.

Description

Pinion-and-rack driving type engine

Technical field

The utility model relates to a kind of Conversion of energy and mechanical transmissioning technology, is specifically related to a kind of reciprocating piston type internal combustion motor of rack and pinion mechanism transmission.

Background technique

The front-end driven of most widely used conventional engine generally adopts connecting rod in the world today.The function of this mechanism is: in expansion space stroke, change the heat energy of fuel combustion the mechanical energy of reciprocating motion of the pistons into, change rotatablely moving of bent axle again into, and realize power output; In other strokes, again rotatablely moving of bent axle changed into the to-and-fro motion of piston, realize ventilation and compression.

In the expansion space stroke of this motor, combustion gas will can form the power that drives crankshaft rotating through twice decomposition to the pressure of piston head, and interim component perpendicular to the work done direction is pressed on each movable surface of contact and produces frictional resistance.On each displacement point of piston, drive the arm of force and constantly change, finally be delivered to power that bent axle makes its rotation all less than in addition much smaller than the pressure of combustion gas to piston head.This situation can make the power character of motor and Economy be subjected to serious restriction, also makes movement system comparatively harsh to the requirement of cooling and lubricating condition simultaneously.In compression stroke, also there is similar situation to exist, but than being light.

In any stroke of this engine operational cycle, the load that each parts bore all is constantly to be smooth change not.Wiggly connecting rod can produce piston and cylinder wall and respectively rotate change impacts power between surface of contact under the effect of power, this power can be brought uneven friction and bump between each surface of contact, gross distortion that can cause parts and damage of a specified duration, thereby make the performance of motor and life-span be subjected to bigger influence, this situation is particularly serious in work done and compression stroke.

In sum, connecting rod is to influence the bottleneck that motor is given full play to its Conversion of energy performance.

The model utility content

The technical problems to be solved in the utility model is to provide the pinion-and-rack driving type engine of a kind of power character and better economy.

The technological scheme that the utility model is taked is:

A kind of pinion-and-rack driving type engine, comprise: 1#～4# cylinder, 1#～4# main piston, 1#～4# sub-piston, 1#～2# connecting rod, 1#～2# tooth bar, whole to gear, connect cylinder, adopt 1# cylinder and 2# cylinder and 3# cylinder and the opposed in twos structure of 4# cylinder, connect by being connected cylinder between 1# cylinder and the 2# cylinder, the 3# cylinder also connects by being connected cylinder with the 4# cylinder, a main piston is housed in each cylinder, the main piston inboard is provided with the diameter sub-piston little than main piston, sub-piston in 1# cylinder and the 2# cylinder is relative, and by having the 1# connecting rod connection of 1# tooth bar, sub-piston in 3# cylinder and the 4# cylinder is relative, and by having the 2# connecting rod connection of 2# tooth bar, the 1# tooth bar, the flank of tooth of 2# tooth bar is corresponding, described corresponding 1# tooth bar, be equipped with whole between the 2# tooth bar to gear, whole to gear and 1# tooth bar, the 2# tooth bar meshes respectively, formative gear, the double rack double-action mechanism.

Described connection cylinder is provided with respectively and the corresponding dashpot of sub-piston, on having toothed portion and be connected cylinder, sub-piston, connecting rod rod end do not constitute damping mechanism with the corresponding dashpot of sub-piston, have the connecting rod guide hole that passes, also prevents its rotation for connecting rod on the dashpot of described connection cylinder, having between toothed portion and the connecting rod guide hole of connecting rod leaves the gap, in the piston running, after sub-piston enters this dashpot, the connecting rod rod end does not have toothed portion also makes the sealing of connecting rod guide hole, forms enclosed space thereby make between sub-piston and the dashpot.

Described corresponding sub-piston center and main piston are eccentric to be provided with tooth bar reticule and main piston central lines.

Described 1# cylinder and 4# cylinder are structure as a whole, and described 2# cylinder and 3# cylinder are structure as a whole.

Described cylinder wall is provided with water jacket.

Described whole to gear, has output shaft, ratchet mechanism, the gear wheel body, be oppositely arranged first compound gear and second compound gear on the output shaft, first, two compound gears, one side has the circular cone tooth, the flank of tooth is relative, its inwall matches with output shaft by the ratchet mechanism of symmetry respectively, first, between two compound gears cone gear is housed, cone gear is respectively with first, two compound gears are meshed, gear wheel body one end coaxial with output shaft links to each other with first compound gear, between the other end inwall and the second compound gear outer rim stationary cylinder is housed, being mutually rolls cooperates.

Described ratchet mechanism has first and second ratchet for first and second compound gear inwall, and the output shaft outer rim has the groove of placing with first and second ratchet, and the spring sheet that supports ratchet is housed in the groove, and first and second ratchet matches with first and second ratchet respectively.

Described stationary cylinder links to each other with the disk that cone gear is installed by fixing pin, the disk outer rim has blind hole, the rotatingshaft of cone gear places in the blind hole, block the blind hole opening end by plunger, the rotatingshaft two ends cooperate by ball respectively, and the disk side has for the cone gear hole that moving axis rotates that rotates.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

1, the motor of the present utility model pressure that adopts rack and-pinion mechanism to mean that in expansion space stroke combustion gas acts on main piston need not to decompose, but almost equivalent passing to along the connecting rod direction wholely goes to drive output shaft output work done to gear.In other any stroke, also all can farthest be utilized from the driving force of combustion gas.This becomes directly and fully from heat energy to mechanical transformation of energy in the motor with regard to making, thereby has improved the mechanical efficiency of motor significantly.

2, the utility model is because of piston and connecting rod, tooth bar and whole force direction between gear is single and size variation is steady, piston face each point stress equalization, so avoided the generation of harmful load that each parts bore in the motor described in the background technique effectively, to the mechanical deterioration that alleviates each parts, the working life that prolongs motor big benefit all being arranged, and can obviously reduce maintenance of machine and maintenance cost.

3, be born so far from the reciprocating piston type internal combustion motor, excessive variation does not all take place in its structure and working principle, application area of the present utility model ought be very extensive, and bigger effect is played in the solution of significant problem such as the energy that the application meeting of believing it faces us and environment.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the utility model main body structural representation sketch (mechanism and the system that do not have essential distinction with conventional engines do not draw).

Fig. 2 is whole to the gear structure schematic representation among Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is the A-A sectional view of Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is the B-B sectional view of Fig. 2.

Fig. 5 is the C-C sectional view of Fig. 2.

Embodiment

As shown in Figure 1, the utility model is by cylinder head 1, water jacket 3, whole to gear 8, connect cylinder 9, ring-like Oil passage 11, machine oil spray orifice 12, ventilative spill port 13, output shaft 14, valve 15,1# cylinder 2,1# main piston 4,1# sub-piston 5,1# connecting rod 6,1# tooth bar 7,1# dashpot 10,1# connecting rod guide hole 16,2# tooth bar 17,2# connecting rod 18,2# cylinder 19,2# main piston 25,2# sub-piston 26,2# dashpot 30,2# connecting rod guide hole 29,3# cylinder 20,3# main piston 23,3# sub-piston 24,3# dashpot 32,3# connecting rod guide hole 31,4# cylinder 21,4# main piston 27,4# sub-piston 28,4# dashpot 34,4# connecting rod guide hole 33, locating stud 22 formations such as grade.

The utility model adopts 1# cylinder 2 and 2# cylinder 19 and 3# cylinder 20 and the opposed in twos structure of 4# cylinder 21, connect by being connected cylinder 9 between 1# cylinder 2 and the 2# cylinder 19,3# cylinder 20 also connects by being connected cylinder with 4# cylinder 21, cylinder wall is provided with water jacket 3, cylinder head 1 is equipped with in the 1# cylinder 2 and 4# cylinder 21 outer ends of integrative-structure, cylinder head also is equipped with in the 2# cylinder 19 and 3# cylinder 20 outer ends of integrative-structure, have valve 15 on the cylinder head 1, a main piston is housed in each cylinder, the main piston inboard is provided with the diameter sub-piston little than main piston, sub-piston 5 in 1# cylinder 2 and the 2# cylinder 19,26 is relative, and 1# connecting rod 7 connections by having 1# tooth bar 6, sub-piston 24 in 3# cylinder 20 and the 4# cylinder 21,28 is relative, and 2# connecting rod 18 connections by having 2# tooth bar 17, corresponding sub-piston center and main piston are eccentric to be provided with, tooth bar reticule and main piston central lines, 1# tooth bar 6, the flank of tooth of 2# tooth bar 17 is corresponding, described corresponding 1# tooth bar 6, be equipped with whole between the 2# tooth bar 17 to gear 8, whole to gear 8 and 1# tooth bar 6,2# tooth bar 17 meshes respectively, formative gear, the double rack double-action mechanism.The dashpot that can cooperate with sub-piston at work on each sub-piston, connecting rod rod end do not have toothed portion and be connected cylinder constitutes damping mechanism, have the 1#～4# connecting rod guide hole 16,29,31,33 that supplies connecting rod 7 and connecting rod 18 to pass on the 1# of described connection cylinder 9～4# dashpot 10,30,32,34, having between toothed portion and the connecting rod guide hole of connecting rod 7 and connecting rod 18 leaves the gap, in the piston running, after sub-piston enters dashpot, the connecting rod rod end does not have toothed portion also makes the sealing of connecting rod guide hole, forms enclosed space thereby make between sub-piston and the dashpot.Have ring-like Oil passage 11, machine oil spray orifice 12, ventilative spill port 13 on the connection cylinder 9, connecting rod is fixedlyed connected by locating stud 22 with sub-piston.

Whole is the directed output gear of bi-directional drive to gear 8, the directed output gear of bi-directional drive is claimant's a patented technology, the patent No. is ZL03212913.0, it can realize higher level's device with just or anti-both direction when carry out driving output terminal all rotate by fixed-direction, the practicable adaptivity of associated components is switched in this process, need not other external member and executes intervention.The directed output gear of bi-directional drive has in all kinds of machinery more widely to be used, can be made as multiple moving runner spare according to the difference setting of wheel body, as gear, roller, sprocket wheel etc., corresponding higher level's actuator can be gear, tooth bar, driving belt, chain etc., then adopts the gear wheel body in the utility model.

Shown in Fig. 2～5, whole constitute by screw 801, first ratchet 802, first ratchet 803, spring sheet 804, output shaft 14, first compound gear 806, bolt 807, cone gear 808, fixing pin 809, disk 810, second compound gear 811, stationary cylinder 812, gear wheel body 813, second ratchet 814, second ratchet 815, ball bearing 816, ball 817, plunger 818, rotatingshaft 819 etc. to gear 8.Be oppositely arranged first compound gear 806 and second compound gear 811 on the output shaft 14, output shaft 14 and first, two compound gears 806, rolling bearing 816 is housed respectively between 811, first, two compound gears 806,811 1 sides have the circular cone tooth, the flank of tooth is relative, first, two compound gears 806,811 inwalls have first, two ratchets 802,814, output shaft 14 outer rims have places and first, two ratchets 803,815 groove, the spring sheet 804 that supports ratchet is housed in the groove, first, two ratchets 802,814 respectively with first, two ratchets 803,815 match, first, two ratchets 803,815 quantity are respectively 2 in the same way, first, two compound gears 806, cone gear 808 is housed between 811, cone gear 808 is respectively with first, two compound gears 806,811 are meshed, cone gear 808 quantity be 3 uniform; Gear wheel body 813 one ends coaxial with output shaft 14 link to each other with first compound gear 806, between the other end inwall and second compound gear, 811 outer rims stationary cylinder 812 is housed, being mutually rolls cooperates, stationary cylinder 812 links to each other with the disk 810 that cone gear 808 is installed by fixing pin 809, disk 810 outer rims have blind hole 820, the rotatingshaft 819 of cone gear 808 places in the blind hole 820, block the blind hole opening end by plunger 818, plunger 818 and blind hole 820 opening ends are by being threaded, rotatingshaft 819 two ends cooperate by ball 817 respectively, and disk 810 sides have the hole of swaying for cone gear 808.As shown in Figure 2, have Oil passage 821 on the stationary cylinder 812, Oil passage 821 passes between plunger 818 and the rotatingshaft 819.

Whole two first and second compound gears 806,811 that have circular cone tooth and ratchet to gear 8 act on output shaft 14 by first and second ratchet 803,815 respectively, this two gear is meshed with the cone gear 808 that the fixed position is arranged in both sides, during bi-directional drive, they alternately act on output shaft in the same way, make its directed rotation.

When higher level's driving clockwise rotates gear wheel body 813, gear wheel body 813 drives first compound gear 806 by fixing bolt 807 turns clockwise output shaft 14 under the effect of the ratchet 802 and first ratchet 803, and the idle running counterclockwise under the transmission of cone gear 808 of second compound gear 811.

When higher level's driving rotated counterclockwise gear wheel body 813, first compound gear 806 dallied counterclockwise around output shaft 14, and the drive by its ratchet and ratchet under the transmission of cone gear 808 of second compound gear 811 turns clockwise output shaft.

If make ratchet and ratchet all with figure in reverse, then output shaft 14 is promptly done being rotated counterclockwise of orientation under bi-directional drive.

The utility model principle is as follows:

One, rack and pinion mechanism

This mechanism by the connecting rod of piston, band tooth bar, whole form to gear and output shaft etc., it changes the linear reciprocating motion of piston into output shaft rotatablely moving and outputting power.

Motor of the present utility model is preferably formed a working cell by four cylinders.With four cylinder four stroke engine is example, and its structural type is: four cylinders are divided into two groups, and two cylinders are arranged to put side by side and become one group together.One group cylinder is right always with the cylinder one of another group respectively, a main piston is housed in each cylinder, piston in the phase countercylinder is dorsad with the two ends of connecting rod respectively fixedlys connected, connect to connect cylinder between two groups, two connecting rod is parallel and the tooth bar flank of tooth on it is relative, two tooth bars respectively at both sides be contained in transmission shaft on whole be meshed to gear, form double-action mechanism.Each piston inboard is provided with sub-piston, the dashpot that cooperates with sub-piston on sub-piston, connecting rod rod end do not have toothed portion and be connected cylinder constitutes damping mechanism, in the piston running, after sub-piston enters dashpot, air in the dashpot is closed, and the air of sealing can stop piston head and cylinder head to bump against and can provide auxiliary power for the next line journey.

During engine operation, under the promotion of gaseous-pressure, during side piston-link motion, can drive opposite side connecting rod and piston reverses direction motion to gear tooth by whole.Along with the to-and-fro motion of piston-connecting rod, double sided rack can produce whole round torque to gear tooth, this torque through whole to gear whole form backward permanent to the output torque, to the work mechanism work done.

Two, starting system

The starting system of motor of the present utility model is made up of actuating motor, gear train and supporting oily circuit fixture, under the drive of actuating motor, the torque that gear train output comes and goes in whole to gear, thereby drivening rod and piston are made back and forth movement, finish engine start work.

Three, lubrication system

Motor of the present utility model is provided with oil duct in housing and some fixed components, have the machine oil spray orifice in necessary position.Oil pump promotes machine oil and circulates in oil duct, and high-pressure oil sprays through spray orifice, each motion surface of contact is implemented lubricated.

The same with conventional engines, the work cycle of each cylinder of the utility model motor (four-journey) also comprises air inlet, compression, work done, four strokes of exhaust, (as table 1) rotated in the continual circulation between four cylinders of each stroke, thereby motor is turned round continuously.

During starting, the starting system drivening rod is made once complete round trip (the listed work of binomial before finishing in the table 1).

Risen by the third column in the table, starting system quits work, and power is provided by each cylinder expansion space stroke, and motor enters normal operating condition.

Each cylinder job order table of table 1 four cylinder four-stroke engines

Air inlet	Compression	Work done	Exhaust
				The 1# cylinder
The 2# cylinder	The 1# cylinder
				The 3# cylinder	The 2# cylinder	The 1# cylinder
The 4# cylinder	The 3# cylinder	The 2# cylinder	The 1# cylinder
				The 1# cylinder	The 4# cylinder	The 3# cylinder	The 2# cylinder
The 2# cylinder	The 1# cylinder	The 4# cylinder	The 3# cylinder
				The 3# cylinder	The 2# cylinder	The 1# cylinder	The 4# cylinder
The 4# cylinder	The 3# cylinder	The 2# cylinder	The 1# cylinder
							

Annotate: "  " is for repeating a last circulation in the table.

The more than explanation of being done for the major technique feature that is different from conventional engines with regard to motor of the present utility model, as other supporting with it associated mechanisms and system all with this difference of conventional engines unrooted, and be current techique, can repeat no more here according to the structural type concrete configuration of motor.

Claims (8)

1, a kind of pinion-and-rack driving type engine, it is characterized in that comprising: 1#～4# cylinder (2,19,20,21), 1#～4# main piston (4,25,23,27), 1#～4# sub-piston (5,26,24,28), 1#～2# connecting rod (6,18), 1#～2# tooth bar (7,17), whole to gear (8), connect cylinder (9), adopt 1# cylinder (2) and 2# cylinder (19) and 3# cylinder (20) and the opposed in twos structure of 4# cylinder (21), connect by being connected cylinder (9) between 1# cylinder (2) and the 2# cylinder (19), 3# cylinder (20) also connects by being connected cylinder with 4# cylinder (21), a main piston is housed in each cylinder, the main piston inboard is provided with the diameter sub-piston little than main piston, sub-piston in 1# cylinder (2) and the 2# cylinder (19) is relative, and by having 1# connecting rod (7) connection of 1# tooth bar (6), sub-piston in 3# cylinder (20) and the 4# cylinder (21) is relative, and by having 2# connecting rod (18) connection of 2# tooth bar (17), 1# tooth bar (6), the flank of tooth of 2# tooth bar (17) is corresponding, described corresponding 1# tooth bar (6), be equipped with whole between the 2# tooth bar (17) to gear (8), whole to gear (8) and 1# tooth bar (6), 2# tooth bar (17) meshes respectively, formative gear, the double rack double-action mechanism.

2, according to the described pinion-and-rack driving type engine of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described connection cylinder is provided with respectively and the corresponding dashpot of sub-piston, sub-piston, on having toothed portion and be connected cylinder, the connecting rod rod end do not constitute damping mechanism with the corresponding dashpot of sub-piston, have the connecting rod guide hole that passes for connecting rod on the dashpot of described connection cylinder, having between toothed portion and the connecting rod guide hole of connecting rod leaves the gap, in the piston running, after sub-piston enters this dashpot, the connecting rod rod end does not have toothed portion also makes the sealing of connecting rod guide hole, forms enclosed space thereby make between sub-piston and the dashpot.

3, according to the described pinion-and-rack driving type engine of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described corresponding sub-piston center and main piston are eccentric to be provided with tooth bar reticule and main piston central lines.

4, according to the described pinion-and-rack driving type engine of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described 1# cylinder (2) is structure as a whole with 4# cylinder (21), and described 2# cylinder (19) is structure as a whole with 3# cylinder (20).

5, according to the described pinion-and-rack driving type engine of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described cylinder wall is provided with water jacket.

6, according to the described pinion-and-rack driving type engine of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described whole to gear, has output shaft, ratchet mechanism, the gear wheel body, be oppositely arranged first compound gear (806) and second compound gear (811) on the output shaft (14), first, two compound gears (806,811) side has the circular cone tooth, the flank of tooth is relative, its inwall matches with output shaft (14) by the ratchet mechanism of symmetry respectively, first, two compound gears (806, cone gear (808) is housed 811), cone gear (808) is respectively with first, two compound gears (806,811) be meshed, gear wheel body (813) one ends coaxial with output shaft (14) link to each other with first compound gear (806), between the other end inwall and second compound gear (811) outer rim stationary cylinder (812) is housed, being mutually rolls cooperates.

7, according to the described pinion-and-rack driving type engine of claim 6, it is characterized in that: described ratchet mechanism has first and second ratchet (802,814) for first and second compound gear (806,811) inwall, output shaft (14) outer rim has the groove of placing with first and second ratchet (803,815), the spring sheet (804) that supports ratchet is housed in the groove, and first and second ratchet (802,814) matches with first and second ratchet (803,815) respectively.

8, according to the described pinion-and-rack driving type engine of claim 6, it is characterized in that: described stationary cylinder (812) links to each other with the disk (810) that cone gear (808) is installed by fixing pin (809), disk (810) outer rim has blind hole (820), the rotatingshaft (819) of cone gear (808) places in the blind hole (820), block the blind hole opening end by plunger (818), rotatingshaft (819) two ends cooperate by ball (817) respectively, and disk (810) side has for cone gear (808) hole that moving axis (819) rotates that rotates.

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