CN2779056Y - Linear electromagnetic well pumping unit - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses an oil pumping machine driven by a linear motor, particularly a linear electromagnetic oil pumping machine which comprises a linear motor, a machine frame 2, a composite directive wheel 3, two steel cables, a rope hanger 5, a balancing directive wheel 6, a balancing weight 7 and a base 9, wherein the 3 and the 6 are respectively arranged on both ends of an upper cross beam of the T-shaped 2, and rotating shafts of the 3 and the 6 are respectively along a horizontal direction. One end of the first steel cable 4-1 is connected with one end of the second steel cable 4-2 and is fixed on the 5. The other end of the 4-1 bypasses an outer circle wheel body of the 3 and is fixed on a mover of the linear motor. The other end of the 4-2 bypasses an outer circle wheel body of the 6 and is fixed on the 7. The lower end of the 2 is fixed on the 9. A stator of the linear motor is fixed on an upright post of the machine frame 2. The central line of the stator is along the vertical direction. The 5 is fixed at the upper end of an oil pumping rod. When the mover of the linear motor moves from top to bottom in a reciprocating mode, oil is pumped. The utility model has the advantages of simple structure, high efficiency, low energy consumption, long stroke, small inertia, strong overload capacity and good flexibility.

Description

Linear electromagnetic pumping unit

Technical field:

The utility model relates to the oil pumper that a kind of linear electric motors drive.

Background technology:

At present, the energy consumption of oil pumper is occupied quite great proportion in cost for oil production.Therefore, the energy-saving and cost-reducing of pumping production system is the energy-conservation emphasis of oil exploitation process.The composition of present most widely used conventional beam-pumping unit oil extraction system as shown in Figure 1, oil extraction system mainly is made up of three parts: above ground portion---beam pumping unit, form by motor 11, reduction box 12 and quadric chain 13 (comprising crank, connecting rod, crossbeam, walking beam), horse head and polished rod eye etc.; Under ground portion---oil well pump 17 is suspended on the lower end of oil pipe 15 in the sleeve pipe 16; Mid portion---the sucker rod 14 of contact ground and under ground portion is made up of the sucker rod and the box cupling of one or more diameters.The basic functional principle of beam pumping unit is that electric energy is converted to rotatablely moving of motor, utilizes quadric chain to change the straight reciprocating motion of suspension point into again after reducer slows down.Because the architectural feature of itself, determine it to exist counterbalance effect poor, the clean torque ripple of crank axle is big, there is negative torque, load factor is low, inefficiency, shortcoming such as " low load with strong power " and energy consumption height, mainly show as the shortcoming of following four aspects: one, the energy consumption height: motor power (output) and transmission loss are big: generally speaking, turning motor in power output when working under (60%-100%) rated power condition, its efficient approaches rated efficiency, yet, because the load variations of motor of oil extractor is very violent and frequent, in each stroke of oil pumper, twice instantaneous power maximum and twice instantaneous power minimum all will appear in the power output of motor, its instantaneous power maximum may surpass rated power, and minimum is generally negative power, it is not only power output not of motor, drag by oil pumper on the contrary and generate electricity, thus the variation of output power of motor head and shoulders above the scope of (60%--100%) rated power.Two, low load with strong power: in order to adapt to the condition of work that load variations is big, motional inertia is big, the beam pumping unit in the actual production is operated in " low load with strong power " state of low power factor, poor efficiency, high energy consumption throughout the year.Three, be difficult to change stroke.After the conventional beam-pumping unit stroke increases, its appearance and size and gross weight will increase considerably, and this is because the design feature of beam pumping unit self determines.Four, inertial load is excessive: the quadric chain of conventional beam-pumping unit makes that the horse head characteristics of motion is similar simple harmonic motion, speed when its maximum speed and minimum speed and uniform motion differs bigger, so acceleration is also much bigger than uniform motion, cause inertial load big, make the oil pumper bearing load excessive, shortened oil pumper application life.

The utility model content:

The utility model provides a kind of linear electromagnetic pumping unit, to overcome traditional oil pumper energy consumption height, " low load with strong power ", to be difficult to change stroke and the big defective of inertial load.The technical solution of the utility model is: it comprises linear electric motors, frame 2, compound direction wheel 3, two wire rope, polished rod eye 5, stable steering wheel 6, weight equalizer 7 and base 9, compound direction wheel 3 and balance directive wheel 6 are separately positioned on the two ends of top rail 2-1 of "T"-shaped frame 2, the axis of rotation of compound direction wheel 3 and balance directive wheel 6 all is a horizontal direction, the end of the first wire rope 4-1 connects the end of the second wire rope 4-2 and is fixed on the polished rod eye 5, the other end of the first wire rope 4-1 is walked around the cylindrical wheel body of compound direction wheel 3 and is fixed on the mover 1-1 of linear electric motors, the other end of the second wire rope 4-2 is walked around the cylindrical wheel body of stable steering wheel 6 and is fixed on the weight equalizer 7, the lower end of frame 2 is fixed on the base 9, the stator 1-2 of linear electric motors is fixed on the column of frame 2, and the center line of stator 1-2 is a vertical.When oil pumper of the present utility model was worked, polished rod eye 5 was fixed on the upper end of sucker rod 10, when the electromagnetic force promotion mover 1-1 of linear electric motors pumps, finished oil pumping work.When sucker rod 10 is upstroke, load is that sucker rod 10 weight add fluid column load, and overall balance weight (weight equalizer 7 adds the weight of mover 1-1, gross weight can be set to sucker rod 10 weight and add 1/2nd fluid column load) be the descending acting of freely falling body, the descending pulling force of linear motor rotor 1-1 this moment has only 1/2nd fluid column load; When sucker rod 10 was down stroke, rod weight was the descending acting of freely falling body, and the up thrust of linear motor rotor this moment still is 1/2nd fluid column load.Thereby make in the upper and lower stroke of motor exert oneself equal substantially.Oil pumper of the present utility model is to adopt the high thrust linear electric motors directly to drive sucker rod to make the oil pumper that pumps, compare with conventional beam-pumping unit have simple in structure, good balance effect, operate steadily, system effectiveness height, good energy-conserving effect, can satisfy oil production technology automatically control requirement and adapt to characteristics such as bad working environment, be particularly suitable for deep-well, heavy oil wells, find time to control uses such as oil well, for new way has been opened up in the manufacturing of heavy oil pumper.The utility model has the advantages that: (1) is simple in structure: adopt linear electric motors directly to drive sucker rod, need not the reducer and the quadric chain of beam pumping unit.(2) efficient height, power consumption are low: linear electric motors directly are converted to straight reciprocating motion with electric energy, and driving-chain is short, has reduced the energy loss in the mechanical transmission course, has improved transmission efficiency.(3) long stroke: owing to do not use quadric chain, overcome the shortcoming that the reduction box moment of torsion increased when beam pumping unit increased stroke, only need increase frame and get final product, oil pumper appearance and size and gross weight value added are little, therefore, are applicable to long stroke.(4) inertia is little: the characteristics of motion of linear electromagnetic pumping unit has the short time acceleration and deceleration motion except that last bottom dead centre, and the most of the time is a uniform motion, and inertial load is descended significantly, and the oil pumper performance is greatly improved.(5) overload capacity is strong: because DC linear electric motor has very high overload capacity, to the requirement of high thrust, therefore need not " low load with strong power " in the time of can solving startup.(6) flexible good: owing to adopt linear electric motors to drive, transmission link is few, the characteristics that system had be easy to control.The stroke of oil pumper and jig frequency can real time alterings, and can adjust the characteristics of motion of sucker rod according to concrete operating mode.

Description of drawings:

Fig. 1 is existing beam pumping unit oil extraction system structural representation, and Fig. 2 is a structural representation of the present utility model, and Fig. 3 is the structural representation of embodiment three, and Fig. 4 is that the A of Fig. 2 is to view.

The specific embodiment:

The specific embodiment one: specify present embodiment below in conjunction with Fig. 2.Present embodiment is by linear electric motors, frame 2, compound direction wheel 3, two wire rope, polished rod eye 5, stable steering wheel 6, weight equalizer 7, base 9 is formed, compound direction wheel 3 and balance directive wheel 6 are separately positioned on the two ends of top rail 2-1 of "T"-shaped frame 2, the axis of rotation of compound direction wheel 3 and balance directive wheel 6 all is a horizontal direction, the end of the first wire rope 4-1 connects the end of the second wire rope 4-2 and is fixed on the polished rod eye 5, the other end of the first wire rope 4-1 is walked around the cylindrical wheel body of compound direction wheel 3 and is fixed on the mover 1-1 of linear electric motors, the other end of the second wire rope 4-2 is walked around the cylindrical wheel body of stable steering wheel 6 and is fixed on the weight equalizer 7, the lower end of frame 2 is fixed on the base 9, the stator 1-2 of linear electric motors is fixed on the column of frame 2, and the center line of stator 1-2 is a vertical.The thrust of linear electric motors is less than the weight of the mover 1-1 of linear electric motors.Because electromagnetic push is even in the time of can the mover of linear electric motors being moved up and down by weight equalizer 7, thereby can select the less linear electric motors of thrust for use, save electric energy and electromagnetic material.

The specific embodiment two: specify present embodiment below in conjunction with Fig. 2.The difference of present embodiment and embodiment one is: linear electric motors are selected multi-phase permanent linear synchronous motor, polyphase induction linear electric motors, heterogeneous switching magnetic-resistance linear electric motors or polyphase induction minor linear electric motors for use.

The specific embodiment three: specify present embodiment below in conjunction with Fig. 3.The difference of present embodiment and embodiment one is: it also comprises control circuit 21, on-off circuit 23 and several position sensors 22, all position sensors 22 are evenly arranged on the inner surface of stator 1-2 along the short transverse of the stator 1-2 of linear electric motors, the signal output part of all position sensors 22 is connected on the input of control circuit 21, the output of control circuit 21 is connected on the control end of on-off circuit 23, the input of on-off circuit 23 connects the output of the power supply 1-3 of linear electric motors, and the output of on-off circuit 23 is connected on the supply terminals 1-4 of stator 1-2 of linear electric motors.Control circuit 21 is a core with DSP or microprocessor, and it can receive the signal from each position sensor 22, speed and the stroke of the mover 1-1 of decision linear electric motors, and then the jig frequency and the stroke of control oil well oil-pumping roofbolt.Position sensor 22 is Hall elements.

The specific embodiment four: specify present embodiment below in conjunction with Fig. 4.The difference of present embodiment and embodiment one is: it also comprises translation base 8 and guide rail 24, guide rail 24 is fixed on the upper surface of base 9, the upper surface of translation base 8 is fixed on the bottom of frame 2, and the soffit of translation base 8 is arranged on the guide rail 24 and can moves along the length direction of guide rail 24.So be provided with, can adjust frame 2 positions easily, thereby adjust polished rod eye 5 suspension point positions and well head centering.

Claims (5)

1, linear electromagnetic pumping unit, it is characterized in that it comprises linear electric motors, frame (2), compound direction wheel (3), two wire rope, polished rod eye (5), stable steering wheel (6), weight equalizer (7) and base (9), compound direction wheel (3) and balance directive wheel (6) are separately positioned on the two ends of top rail (2-1) of "T"-shaped frame (2), the axis of rotation of compound direction wheel (3) and balance directive wheel (6) all is a horizontal direction, one end of first wire rope (4-1) connects an end of second wire rope (4-2) and is fixed on the polished rod eye (5), the other end of first wire rope (4-1) is walked around the cylindrical wheel body of compound direction wheel (3) and is fixed on the mover (1-1) of linear electric motors, the other end of second wire rope (4-2) is walked around the cylindrical wheel body of stable steering wheel (6) and is fixed on the weight equalizer (7), the lower end of frame 2 is fixed on the base (9), the stator of linear electric motors (1-2) is fixed on the column of frame (2), and the center line of stator (1-2) is a vertical.

2, linear electromagnetic pumping unit according to claim 1 is characterized in that the weight of the thrust of linear electric motors less than the mover (1-1) of linear electric motors.

3, linear electromagnetic pumping unit according to claim 1 is characterized in that linear electric motors select multi-phase permanent linear synchronous motor, polyphase induction linear electric motors, heterogeneous switching magnetic-resistance linear electric motors or polyphase induction minor linear electric motors for use.

4, linear electromagnetic pumping unit according to claim 1, it is characterized in that it also comprises control circuit (21), on-off circuit (23) and several position sensors (22), all position sensors (22) are evenly arranged on the inner surface of stator (1-2) along the short transverse of the stator (1-2) of linear electric motors, the signal output part of all position sensors (22) is connected on the input of control circuit (21), the output of control circuit (21) is connected on the control end of on-off circuit (23), the input of on-off circuit (23) connects the output of the power supply (1-3) of linear electric motors, and the output of on-off circuit (23) is connected on the supply terminals (1-4) of stator (1-2) of linear electric motors.

5, linear electromagnetic pumping unit according to claim 1, it is characterized in that it also comprises translation base (8) and guide rail (24), guide rail (24) is fixed on the upper surface of base (9), the upper surface of translation base (8) is fixed on the bottom of frame (2), and the soffit of translation base (8) is arranged on the guide rail (24).

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