CN2777551Y - Simulating tester for multi factor united effect of Electrostatic dynamic potential - Google Patents

Simulating tester for multi factor united effect of Electrostatic dynamic potential Download PDF

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CN2777551Y
CN2777551Y CN 200520056017 CN200520056017U CN2777551Y CN 2777551 Y CN2777551 Y CN 2777551Y CN 200520056017 CN200520056017 CN 200520056017 CN 200520056017 U CN200520056017 U CN 200520056017U CN 2777551 Y CN2777551 Y CN 2777551Y
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electrostatic
friction
electrostatic dynamic
frame
dynamic potential
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常天海
刘明翔
梁添
尹俊勋
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South China University of Technology SCUT
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Abstract

本实用新型提供一种静电动态电位的多因素联合效应模拟试验装置,由模拟室、数据采集及处理系统相互连接组成,模拟室包括旋转摩擦盘、静止摩擦盘、测温探头、测湿探头、升降控制装置、驱动电机,旋转摩擦盘与静止摩擦盘相对安装,且与驱动电机连接,静止摩擦盘通过施力托盘与升降控制装置连接,数据采集及处理系统包括静电动态电位测量探头、主机、计算机,静电动态电位测量探头分别与主机、计算机依次相互连接。本装置结构完善,功能多,真实性强,信号处理能力强,可广泛应用于危险货物的贮存搬运作业过程或铁路、公路、轮船等运输过程,成本低廉,具有很强的应用价值。

Figure 200520056017

The utility model provides a multi-factor joint effect simulation test device for electrostatic dynamic potential, which is composed of a simulation room, a data acquisition and processing system connected to each other, and the simulation room includes a rotating friction disc, a static friction disc, a temperature measuring probe, a humidity measuring probe, The lifting control device, the driving motor, the rotating friction disc and the stationary friction disc are installed opposite to each other, and are connected to the driving motor. The static friction disc is connected to the lifting control device through the force tray. The data acquisition and processing system includes an electrostatic dynamic potential measuring probe, a host, The computer and the electrostatic dynamic potential measuring probe are respectively connected to the host computer and the computer in sequence. The device has perfect structure, multiple functions, strong authenticity, and strong signal processing ability, and can be widely used in the storage and handling of dangerous goods or the transportation process of railways, highways, ships, etc., with low cost and strong application value.

Figure 200520056017

Description

说明书 一种静电动态电位的多因素联合效应模拟试验装置Instructions A multi-factor joint effect simulation test device for electrostatic dynamic potential

                          技术领域Technical field

本实用新型涉及静电测试技术领域,具体是指一种静电动态电位测量装置。The utility model relates to the technical field of electrostatic testing, in particular to an electrostatic dynamic potential measuring device.

                          背景技术 Background technique

静电放电(electrostatic discharge,简称ESD)是指带电体周围的场强超过周围介质的绝缘击穿场强时,因介质产生电离而使带电体上的静电荷部分或全部消失的现象。其产生的内因取决于物质的导电特性,体电阻率位于1011~1015Ω.cm范围内的物质最容易产生静电;外因则是多种多样,如物体间的摩擦、电场感应、介质极化、带电微粒附着等等。Electrostatic discharge (ESD for short) refers to the phenomenon that when the field strength around the charged body exceeds the insulation breakdown field strength of the surrounding medium, the electrostatic charge on the charged body partially or completely disappears due to the ionization of the medium. The internal cause depends on the conductive properties of the material. The material with volume resistivity in the range of 10 11 ~ 10 15 Ω.cm is most likely to generate static electricity; the external cause is various, such as friction between objects, electric field induction, dielectric pole Chemicalization, charged particle attachment, etc.

ESD造成的故障和危害通称静电灾害。与常规电能量相比,静电能量比较小,往往被人们所忽视,但在静电放电过程中,瞬态大电流集中注入,易引起火灾、爆炸、人体电击等事故。自20世纪中期以来,随着工业生产的高速发展以及高分子材料的迅速推广应用,ESD灾害日益严重,逐渐成为火工、化工、石油、粉末加工、燃气等行业引起火灾、爆炸等事故的主要诱发因素之一,也是亚麻、化纤等纺织行业加工过程中的质量及安全事故隐患之一,更是造成人体电击危害的重要原因之一。在微电子技术领域,由于ESD危害每年损失上百亿美元;在弹药、火工品及易燃易爆气体、粉尘存在的“静电危险场所”,因ESD危害造成许多燃烧、爆炸等恶性事故;在航天、航空方面,ESD危害曾使机毁人亡、火箭发射失败、卫星发生故障。因此,静电灾害防护研究是各个行业面临的重点安全技术之一。The faults and hazards caused by ESD are commonly known as electrostatic disasters. Compared with conventional electric energy, electrostatic energy is relatively small and is often ignored by people. However, in the process of electrostatic discharge, transient large current is injected concentratedly, which may easily cause accidents such as fire, explosion, and electric shock to the human body. Since the middle of the 20th century, with the rapid development of industrial production and the rapid promotion and application of polymer materials, ESD disasters have become increasingly serious, and have gradually become the main cause of fire, explosion and other accidents in industries such as pyrotechnics, chemicals, petroleum, powder processing, and gas. One of the predisposing factors is also one of the hidden dangers of quality and safety accidents in the processing of flax, chemical fiber and other textile industries, and it is also one of the important reasons for causing human electric shock hazards. In the field of microelectronics technology, tens of billions of dollars are lost every year due to ESD hazards; in "static dangerous places" where ammunition, explosives, flammable and explosive gases, and dust exist, many vicious accidents such as combustion and explosion are caused by ESD hazards; In aerospace and aviation, ESD hazards have caused aircraft crashes, rocket launch failures, and satellite failures. Therefore, research on electrostatic disaster protection is one of the key safety technologies faced by various industries.

静电灾害防护研究即静电安全工程学包括静电起/放电机理、静电作用机理、ESD模型、静电测试技术、静电防护设计等方面。其中静电测试技术地位特殊,它承担着探测“危险静电源”与评价材料静电性能的任务,无论是静电机理研究还是静电防护设计都依赖于它。换句话说,静电测试是研究和实施静电防护工程的技术基础,直接制约着静电防护理论与技术的发展。Research on electrostatic disaster protection, that is, electrostatic safety engineering, includes static electricity generation/discharge mechanism, electrostatic interaction mechanism, ESD model, electrostatic testing technology, electrostatic protection design, etc. Among them, electrostatic testing technology has a special status. It undertakes the task of detecting "dangerous electrostatic sources" and evaluating the electrostatic properties of materials. Both electrostatic mechanism research and electrostatic protection design rely on it. In other words, electrostatic testing is the technical basis for the research and implementation of electrostatic protection engineering, which directly restricts the development of electrostatic protection theory and technology.

静电测试的对象包括电位、电量、电容、电阻率、泄漏电阻、电荷衰减时间等参数。其中,对于静电防护措施的效能检验以及静电事故分析来说,最重要、最直观的判断依据就是静电电位的高低。因此,静电电压表的研制一直是静电测试的主攻方向。目前,根据工作方式来分,静电电压表分为接触式和非接触式两种;根据信号特性来分,静电电压表又可分为静电静态电位和静电动态电位两种。The objects of electrostatic testing include parameters such as potential, electricity, capacitance, resistivity, leakage resistance, and charge decay time. Among them, for the effectiveness test of electrostatic protection measures and the analysis of electrostatic accidents, the most important and intuitive basis for judgment is the level of electrostatic potential. Therefore, the development of electrostatic voltmeter has always been the main direction of electrostatic testing. At present, according to the working mode, electrostatic voltmeters are divided into contact type and non-contact type; according to the signal characteristics, electrostatic voltmeters can be divided into electrostatic static potential and electrostatic dynamic potential.

接触式就是使被测物体与静电电压表直接接触,利用等电位原理进行测量。该类仪器仅适用于静电导体带电电位的测量,对于更容易产生静电的绝缘体则无能为力,其代表性产品为Q-V系列静电电压表。非接触式就是不与被测物体接触,运用静电感应或空气电离的原理,间接测量带电体的静电电位。该类仪器适用于测量导体、绝缘体及人体等的静电电位。根据工作原理的不同,该类仪表分为直接感应式、交流调制式和空气电离式等三类。与接触式测量相比,非接触测量结果受仪表输入电容、输入电阻的影响较小,但受测试距离、带电体几何尺寸的影响较大。The contact type is to make the measured object directly contact with the electrostatic voltmeter, and use the equipotential principle to measure. This type of instrument is only suitable for the measurement of the charged potential of static conductors, and it is powerless for insulators that are more likely to generate static electricity. Its representative product is the Q-V series electrostatic voltmeter. The non-contact type is not in contact with the measured object, and uses the principle of electrostatic induction or air ionization to indirectly measure the electrostatic potential of the charged object. This type of instrument is suitable for measuring the electrostatic potential of conductors, insulators and human bodies. According to different working principles, this type of instrument is divided into three categories: direct induction type, AC modulation type and air ionization type. Compared with contact measurement, non-contact measurement results are less affected by the input capacitance and input resistance of the meter, but are more affected by the test distance and the geometric size of the charged body.

在现代静电安全工程中,静电灾害概率的大小,不仅决定于危险静电源的静态电位的高低,而且与静电的动态电位更为关联。在危险货物搬运、堆码、车辆运输等作业过程中,静电的动态电位尤其关键,必须把其峰值电位控制在安全电位以下。因此,研制静电动态电位测试设备,准确测量不同环境条件下危险静电源的动态电位值,对于制定静电灾害的防护技术措施和进行静电安全管理工作是至关重要的。In modern electrostatic safety engineering, the probability of electrostatic disasters is not only determined by the static potential of dangerous static sources, but also more related to the dynamic potential of static electricity. In the process of dangerous goods handling, stacking, vehicle transportation and other operations, the dynamic potential of static electricity is particularly critical, and its peak potential must be controlled below the safe potential. Therefore, it is very important to develop electrostatic dynamic potential testing equipment and accurately measure the dynamic potential value of dangerous static sources under different environmental conditions for formulating protective technical measures for electrostatic disasters and carrying out electrostatic safety management.

目前国内已有的静电电压表中,绝大部分的电位传递函数都是频率的函数,对于不同频率的信号,其电位衰减比例不同,在实际测试中存在频率失真,难以用于动态测试。例如,Q-V系列静电电压表采用光标指示,阻尼大,光标稳定需要一定的时间,不能用于动态测试。真正能够用于静电动态电位的仪器只有两种,一种是石家庄军械工程学院的刘尚合院士1988年主持研制的ZPD-1静电动态电位测试仪,另一种是北京市劳动保护科学研究所的黄久生博士2003年主持研制的EST405静电动态计算机监测报警系统。ZPD-1静电动态电位测试仪采用刘尚合院士提出的“信号自屏蔽-电荷耦合”测试原理,能够用表头显示整个测试过程中被测电位信号的最大绝对值,便于确定静电源的动态特性及其危险性。但该仪器测试信号的衰减常数在107s数量级,对一般的测试而言,此衰减对测试结果造成的影响可以忽略,但对长时间的监测仍有可能引起较大的测试误差。因此,该仪器不宜用作监测仪表。EST405静电动态计算机监测报警系统,采用阻容分压原理测量静电电位,由静电检测探头和报警器组成,可以监测重要部门进出人员、货物的静电。但在许多静电隐患较大的危险物品作业过程,应用ZPD-1和EST405还存在缺陷。例如,在危险货物的人工搬运作业过程中,及其在铁路、公路、轮船等运输途中,由于各种振动、摩擦,静电容易积累到危险高位,时有运输车辆途中自燃事故的报道便是佐证,上述作业过程中静电积累到多高,极性如何,由于成本与技术实施的限制,目前尚无法实现全程实时监测;此外,无论是ZPD-1,还是EST405都是对现场进行被动实时测量,不能对某一危险工况作出预先警示。At present, most of the potential transfer functions of existing domestic electrostatic voltmeters are functions of frequency. For signals of different frequencies, the potential attenuation ratios are different. In actual testing, there is frequency distortion, which is difficult to use in dynamic testing. For example, the QV series electrostatic voltmeter adopts cursor indication, the damping is large, and it takes a certain time for the cursor to stabilize, so it cannot be used for dynamic testing. There are only two kinds of instruments that can really be used for electrostatic dynamic potential. One is the ZPD-1 electrostatic dynamic potential tester developed by Academician Liu Shanghe of Shijiazhuang Ordnance Engineering College in 1988, and the other is Huang Huang of the Beijing Institute of Labor Protection Science. Dr. Jiusheng presided over the development of EST405 electrostatic dynamic computer monitoring and alarm system in 2003. ZPD-1 Electrostatic Dynamic Potential Tester adopts the test principle of "signal self-shielding-charge coupling" proposed by Academician Liu Shanghe, and can use the meter to display the maximum absolute value of the measured potential signal during the entire test process, which is convenient for determining the dynamic characteristics of the electrostatic source and its danger. However, the attenuation constant of the test signal of the instrument is on the order of 10 7 s. For general tests, the impact of this attenuation on the test results can be ignored, but it may still cause large test errors for long-term monitoring. Therefore, the instrument is not suitable for use as a monitoring instrument. EST405 electrostatic dynamic computer monitoring and alarm system, adopts the principle of resistance-capacitance partial pressure to measure electrostatic potential, is composed of static detection probes and alarms, and can monitor the static electricity of people and goods entering and leaving important departments. However, there are still defects in the application of ZPD-1 and EST405 in the operation process of many dangerous goods with large electrostatic hidden dangers. For example, during the manual handling of dangerous goods, and during the transportation of railways, highways, ships, etc., due to various vibrations and friction, static electricity is easy to accumulate to a dangerous high level, and there are reports of spontaneous combustion accidents on the way of transportation vehicles. , How high is the static electricity accumulated in the above operation process, what is the polarity, due to the limitation of cost and technical implementation, it is still impossible to realize the real-time monitoring of the whole process; in addition, both ZPD-1 and EST405 are passive real-time measurements on the site. No advance warning of a hazardous situation can be given.

                          发明内容Contents of Invention

本实用新型的目的就是为了克服现有技术的缺点和问题,提供一种能够对仓库、油轮、铁路/公路运输领域中无法实时全程检测的作业过程(如易燃、易爆类危险物品的运输、搬运、堆码等),实现真实模拟,并能够连续、实时地记录、显示这些作业过程中积累的静电动态电位的大小、极性及动态波形的静电动态电位的多因素联合效应模拟试验装置。The purpose of this utility model is to overcome the shortcomings and problems of the prior art, and provide a kind of operation process (such as the transportation of flammable and explosive dangerous goods) that cannot be detected in real time in the field of warehouses, oil tankers, and railway/highway transportation. , handling, stacking, etc.), to achieve real simulation, and to continuously and real-time record and display the multi-factor joint effect simulation test device of the electrostatic dynamic potential accumulated in the process of these operations, the size, polarity and dynamic waveform of the electrostatic dynamic potential .

本实用新型通过下述技术方案实现:所述静电动态电位的多因素联合效应模拟试验装置由模拟室、数据采集及处理系统相互连接组成,所述模拟室包括工作室、机座和机架,所述工作室安装在机座与机架之间,其顶部安装有机械手,内底面设有测温探头和加热管,内侧面设有吸湿盒和测湿探头;所述机座上安装有变频电机、机座控制器,所述机座控制器分别与测温探头、加热管、吸湿盒、测湿探头、变频电机电控连接,所述变频电机通过旋转轴与安装于工作室底部的旋转摩擦盘相连接,所述旋转摩擦盘上方相对安装有静止摩擦盘,静止摩擦盘通过施力轴与施力托盘下端固定连接,所述施力托盘内放置施力砝码,且施力托盘上端与安装在所述机架上的升降控制装置固定连接;所述数据采集及处理系统包括静电动态电位测量探头、主机、计算机,所述静电动态电位测量探头分别安装在施力轴和所述机械手上,且与主机、计算机依次相互连接。The utility model is realized through the following technical scheme: the multi-factor joint effect simulation test device of the electrostatic dynamic potential is composed of a simulation room, a data acquisition and processing system connected to each other, and the simulation room includes a working room, a machine base and a frame, The working room is installed between the base and the frame, with a manipulator installed on the top, a temperature measuring probe and a heating pipe on the inner bottom, and a moisture absorption box and a humidity measuring probe on the inner side; a frequency conversion device is installed on the base. motor, base controller, the base controller is electrically connected with the temperature measuring probe, heating pipe, moisture absorption box, humidity measuring probe, and frequency conversion motor respectively, and the frequency conversion motor is connected with the rotating shaft installed at the bottom of the working room through the rotating shaft The friction discs are connected, and a static friction disc is installed opposite to the top of the rotating friction disc. The static friction disc is fixedly connected with the lower end of the force application tray through the force application shaft. The force application weight is placed in the force application tray, and the upper end of the force application tray It is fixedly connected with the lifting control device installed on the frame; the data acquisition and processing system includes an electrostatic dynamic potential measurement probe, a host computer, and a computer, and the electrostatic dynamic potential measurement probe is installed on the force-applying shaft and the manipulator respectively. , and connected to the host computer and computer in turn.

为更好地实施本实用新型,所述旋转摩擦盘的形状为圆盘形,所述静止摩擦盘的形状为开口形、条形、三角形、三叶形等圆盘形以外的任意一种,所述摩擦材料的形状分别与各个旋转摩擦盘、静止摩擦盘的形状对应。In order to better implement the utility model, the shape of the rotating friction disc is disc-shaped, and the shape of the static friction disc is any one other than disc shapes such as open shape, strip shape, triangle shape and trefoil shape, The shape of the friction material corresponds to the shape of each rotating friction disc and the stationary friction disc respectively.

所述升降控制装置包括托盘上端滑轮、钢绳、机架滑轮组、蜗杆、摇柄,所述施力托盘上下端通过长螺栓与托盘上端滑轮的滑轮座相连接,钢绳一端与机架连接,其另一端通过托盘上端滑轮、机架滑轮组与所述蜗杆连接,蜗杆安装在所述机座后部,所述摇柄安装在蜗杆的端部。The lifting control device includes a pulley at the upper end of the tray, a steel rope, a frame pulley block, a worm, and a rocker. The upper and lower ends of the force-applying tray are connected to the pulley seat of the upper pulley of the tray through long bolts, and one end of the steel rope is connected to the frame. Its other end is connected with described worm through pallet upper pulley, frame pulley block, and worm is installed in the described support rear portion, and described rocking handle is installed in the end of worm.

所述升降控制装置的提升距离是0~200mm,各所述静电动态电位测量探头在垂直、水平方向的信号采样位置调整范围均为0~100mm。The lifting distance of the lifting control device is 0-200 mm, and the adjustment range of the signal sampling position of each electrostatic dynamic potential measuring probe in the vertical and horizontal directions is 0-100 mm.

所述变频电机的转速范围是0.1~522rpm,所述施力砝码的重量范围是10~200kg。The rotational speed range of the variable frequency motor is 0.1-522rpm, and the weight range of the applying weight is 10-200kg.

所述工作室的温度控制范围是20~60℃,湿度控制范围是20%~90%。The temperature control range of the working room is 20-60°C, and the humidity control range is 20%-90%.

所述静电动态电位的多因素联合效应模拟试验装置的模拟试验方法包括:The simulation test method of the multi-factor joint effect simulation test device of described electrostatic dynamic potential comprises:

(1)具体分析需要评估的危险作业工况,确定静电动态电位关联参数的设定值,包括摩擦材料、同时存在的摩擦数量、摩擦力、速度、湿度、温度;(1) Specifically analyze the dangerous operating conditions that need to be evaluated, and determine the set values of the parameters related to the electrostatic dynamic potential, including friction materials, the number of frictions that exist at the same time, friction, speed, humidity, and temperature;

(2)根据步骤(1)确定的所述摩擦材料、摩擦数量,将相应所述摩擦材料分别固定于各个所述旋转摩擦盘和静止摩擦盘上,且所述旋转摩擦盘的形状为圆盘形,静止摩擦盘的形状为开口形、条形、三角形、三叶形等圆盘形以外的任意一种,所述摩擦材料的形状分别与各个旋转摩擦盘、静止摩擦盘的形状对应;(2) According to the friction material and friction quantity determined in step (1), fix the corresponding friction material on each of the rotating friction discs and stationary friction discs respectively, and the shape of the rotating friction discs is a disc The shape of the static friction disc is any one other than the disc shape such as open shape, strip shape, triangle shape, trilobal shape, etc., and the shape of the friction material corresponds to the shape of each rotating friction disc and static friction disc respectively;

(3)调整所述升降控制装置、各静止摩擦盘,并根据步骤(1)确定的摩擦力设定值,将所需数量的施力砝码放置于所述施力托盘内,使每组所述摩擦材料紧密接触,所述施力砝码的重量范围是10~200kg;(3) Adjust the lifting control device and each static friction disc, and according to the set value of the friction force determined in step (1), place the required number of force application weights in the force application tray, so that each group The friction material is in close contact, and the weight range of the applying weight is 10-200kg;

(4)将所述静电动态电位测量探头与主机、计算机依次连接好,并通过探头夹在各个静止摩擦盘上侧的施力轴上分别安装所述静电动态电位测量探头,且各静电动态电位测量探头位于相应的旋转摩擦盘固定的摩擦材料的上表面,设定各静电动态电位测量探头在垂直、水平方向的信号采样位置,其调整范围均为0~100mm,同时通过探头夹将另两个静电动态电位测量探头反向安装在所述机械手上;(4) Connect the static dynamic potential measuring probes with the host computer and the computer in sequence, and install the static dynamic potential measuring probes respectively on the force-applying shafts on the upper sides of each static friction disc through the probes, and each static dynamic potential The measuring probe is located on the upper surface of the friction material fixed by the corresponding rotating friction disc. Set the signal sampling position of each electrostatic dynamic potential measuring probe in the vertical and horizontal directions. The adjustment range is 0-100mm. An electrostatic dynamic potential measuring probe is reversely installed on the manipulator;

(5)根据步骤(1)确定的温度、湿度设定值,通过控制所述机座控制器,使所述测温探头、测湿探头的示值达到所述设定值,所述工作室温度控制范围是20~60℃,湿度控制范围是20%~90%;(5) According to the temperature and humidity setting values determined in step (1), by controlling the base controller, the indications of the temperature measuring probe and the humidity measuring probe reach the setting value, and the working chamber The temperature control range is 20-60°C, and the humidity control range is 20%-90%;

(6)根据步骤(1)确定的速度设定值,通过控制所述机座控制器,在0.1~522rpm范围之间设定所述变频电机转速,开启所述变频电机;(6) According to the speed setting value determined in step (1), by controlling the base controller, the speed of the variable frequency motor is set within the range of 0.1 to 522rpm, and the variable frequency motor is turned on;

(7)通过控制所述主机、计算机,开启各所述静电动态电位测量探头,跟踪测量各所述摩擦材料的静电动态电位的大小、极性与动态波形,同时通过控制所述机座控制器,保持所述变频电机、旋转摩擦盘旋转持续5秒~10分钟;(7) By controlling the host computer and the computer, each of the electrostatic dynamic potential measuring probes is turned on, and the size, polarity and dynamic waveform of the electrostatic dynamic potential of each of the friction materials are tracked and measured, and at the same time, by controlling the base controller , keeping the frequency conversion motor and the rotating friction disc rotating for 5 seconds to 10 minutes;

(8)停止所述变频电机、旋转摩擦盘,同时迅速摇动所述蜗杆端部的摇柄,使两端分别固定在所述蜗杆、机架上的钢绳,通过所述机架滑轮组、托盘上端滑轮,带动所述升降控制装置连接的两组施力托盘迅速升起,其提升距离是0~200mm,实现相应2组所述摩擦材料迅速分离;(8) Stop the frequency conversion motor and the rotating friction disc, and simultaneously shake the rocking handle at the end of the worm, so that the two ends are respectively fixed on the worm and the steel rope on the frame, and pass through the pulley block of the frame, the pallet The upper pulley drives the two sets of force-applying trays connected to the lifting control device to rise rapidly, and the lifting distance is 0-200mm, so as to realize the rapid separation of the corresponding two sets of friction materials;

(9)调整所述机械手使2个所述静电动态电位测量探头分别位于步骤(8)所述分离后摩擦材料的上、下表面,且其在垂直、水平方向的信号采样位置调整范围均为0~100mm,分别对2组摩擦材料分离后各自表面所带的静电电位的大小、极性进行测量;(9) Adjust the manipulator so that the two electrostatic dynamic potential measuring probes are respectively located on the upper and lower surfaces of the separated friction material in step (8), and the adjustment range of the signal sampling position in the vertical and horizontal directions is 0 ~ 100mm, respectively measure the size and polarity of the electrostatic potential on the surface of the two groups of friction materials after separation;

(10)通过所述计算机对上述各测量值进行保存、分析、处理,计算静电动态电位的多因素联合效应模拟试验结果。(10) Save, analyze and process the above-mentioned measured values by the computer, and calculate the multi-factor joint effect simulation test results of the electrostatic dynamic potential.

本实用新型与现有技术相比,具有如下优点与有益效果:Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

(1)结构完善,功能多。相对现有的静电动态电位测试仪器(ZPD-1和EST405),本静电动态电位的多因素联合效应模拟试验装置增加了一个模拟室,使结构更为完善,同时显著拓展了EST405现有的测量功能,既保留了EST405的被动实时测量特点,又能够真实地模拟那些无法实时全程检测的作业过程,可连续、实时地记录、显示这些作业过程中积累的的静电动态电位的大小、极性及动态波形,并可进行静电产生机理的分析和静电序列的验证与修正,更为重要的是可以预先评估静电隐患严重而又无法实时测量的作业工况,有利于作业前针对性地做好静电防护措施;(1) Perfect structure and many functions. Compared with the existing electrostatic dynamic potential test instruments (ZPD-1 and EST405), this multi-factor joint effect simulation test device for electrostatic dynamic potential adds a simulation room to make the structure more perfect, and at the same time significantly expands the existing measurement of EST405 Function, not only retains the passive real-time measurement characteristics of EST405, but also can truly simulate the operation process that cannot be detected in real time, and can continuously and real-time record and display the magnitude, polarity and Dynamic waveform, and can analyze the mechanism of static electricity and verify and correct the static electricity sequence. More importantly, it can pre-evaluate the operating conditions with serious electrostatic hidden dangers and cannot be measured in real time, which is conducive to targeted static electricity before operation. Protective measures;

(2)真实性强。分析表明,在需要模拟试验的领域中,危险货物的搬运作业过程同时出现的摩擦种类最多,其中最易产生静电动态电位的摩擦有四种:搬运工具与地坪之间、搬运工具与货物之间、搬运工具与货车之间、搬运工具与人体之间的摩擦等,通过本实用新型静电动态电位的多因素联合效应模拟试验装置,能够同时模拟四种摩擦,且湿度、温度、摩擦力等参数可宽量程调节,以便模拟出最恶劣的作业情况。(2) Strong authenticity. The analysis shows that in the fields that require simulation tests, the most types of friction occur simultaneously during the handling of dangerous goods, among which there are four types of friction that are most likely to generate electrostatic dynamic potentials: between the handling tool and the floor, between the handling tool and the cargo The friction between the transportation tool and the truck, between the transportation tool and the human body, etc., through the multi-factor joint effect simulation test device of the electrostatic dynamic potential of the utility model, can simulate four kinds of friction at the same time, and the humidity, temperature, friction force, etc. Parameters can be adjusted over a wide range to simulate the worst operating conditions.

(3)信号处理能力强。本模拟试验装置所述数据采集及处理系统可以通过静电动态电位测量探头、主机、计算机,实现各组摩擦材料表面静电动态电位的实时跟踪测量,并通过计算机比较直观地显示被测对象的静电动态电位的大小、极性与动态波形。(3) Strong signal processing ability. The data acquisition and processing system described in this simulation test device can realize the real-time tracking measurement of the electrostatic dynamic potential on the surface of each group of friction materials through the static dynamic potential measurement probe, the host computer, and the computer, and display the static dynamic potential of the measured object more intuitively through the computer. The magnitude, polarity and dynamic waveform of the potential.

(4)应用范围广。本实用新型可广泛应用于许多静电隐患较大的作业工况,如危险货物的贮存搬运作业过程或铁路、公路、轮船等运输过程,且本模拟试验装置成本低廉,具有很强的应用价值。(4) Wide range of applications. The utility model can be widely used in many operating conditions with high hidden dangers of static electricity, such as the storage and handling of dangerous goods or the transportation process of railways, highways, ships, etc., and the simulation test device is low in cost and has strong application value.

                          附图说明Description of drawings

图1是本实用新型静电动态电位的多因素联合效应模拟试验装置结构示意图;Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the multi-factor joint effect simulation test device of the utility model electrostatic dynamic potential;

图2是图1所示旋转摩擦盘、静止摩擦盘的形状示意图;Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the shape of the rotating friction disc and the stationary friction disc shown in Fig. 1;

图3是图1所示模拟室的左视图;Fig. 3 is the left side view of the simulation chamber shown in Fig. 1;

图4是图1所示模拟室的俯视图;Fig. 4 is the plan view of simulation room shown in Fig. 1;

图5是图1所示静电动态电位测量探头安装结构示意图;Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the electrostatic dynamic potential measuring probe shown in Fig. 1;

图6是图5所示A-A、B-B向局部视图。Fig. 6 is a partial view of A-A and B-B shown in Fig. 5 .

                        具体实施方式 Detailed ways

下面结合实施例,对本实用新型作进一步地详细说明,但本实用新型的实施方式不限于此。The utility model will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the examples, but the implementation of the utility model is not limited thereto.

实施例Example

图1给出了本静电动态电位的多因素联合效应模拟试验装置的结构示意,如图1所示,本装置包括模拟室1、数据采集及处理系统,数据采集及处理系统由静电动态电位测量探头2、主机3、计算机4依次连接组成。Fig. 1 has provided the structural representation of the multi-factor joint effect simulation test device of this electrostatic dynamic potential, as shown in Fig. The probe 2, the host computer 3 and the computer 4 are sequentially connected to form.

模拟室包括工作室5、机座6和机架7,工作室5安装在机座6与机架7之间,其顶部安装有机械手8,内底面设有测温探头9和加热管10,内侧面设有吸湿盒11和测湿探头12;机座6上安装有变频电机13、机座控制器14,机座控制器14分别与测温探头9、加热管10、吸湿盒11、测湿探头12、变频电机13电控连接,通过机座控制器14的控制,工作室5的温度控制范围是20~60℃,湿度控制范围是20%~90%,变频电机13的转速范围是0.1~522rpm,变频电机13通过4个旋转轴15与安装于工作室5底部的4个旋转摩擦盘16相连接,旋转摩擦盘16上方相对安装有4个静止摩擦盘17,摩擦材料18分别固定在静止摩擦盘17、旋转摩擦盘16上。如图2所示,旋转摩擦盘16的形状为圆盘形a,静止摩擦盘17的形状为圆盘形a以外的任意一种,可以是条形b、开口形c、三角形d、三叶形e等,摩擦材料18的形状分别与各个旋转摩擦盘16、静止摩擦盘17的形状对应。各静止摩擦盘17通过施力轴19与施力托盘20下端固定连接,四个施力托盘20内放置施力砝码21,各施力托盘20上的施力砝码21的重量范围分别是10~200kg。The simulation room includes a working room 5, a frame 6 and a frame 7, the working room 5 is installed between the frame 6 and the frame 7, a manipulator 8 is installed on the top, and a temperature measuring probe 9 and a heating pipe 10 are arranged on the inner bottom surface. The inner surface is provided with a moisture absorption box 11 and a moisture measuring probe 12; a frequency conversion motor 13 and a base controller 14 are installed on the base 6, and the base controller 14 is connected with the temperature measuring probe 9, the heating tube 10, the moisture absorption box 11, and the measuring probe respectively. The wet probe 12 and the variable frequency motor 13 are connected electrically. Through the control of the machine base controller 14, the temperature control range of the studio 5 is 20-60°C, the humidity control range is 20%-90%, and the speed range of the variable frequency motor 13 is 0.1~522rpm, the variable frequency motor 13 is connected with the 4 rotating friction discs 16 installed at the bottom of the studio 5 through 4 rotating shafts 15, and 4 stationary friction discs 17 are installed opposite to the rotating friction discs 16, and the friction materials 18 are respectively fixed On the stationary friction disc 17 and the rotating friction disc 16. As shown in Figure 2, the shape of the rotating friction disc 16 is disc-shaped a, and the shape of the stationary friction disc 17 is any one other than disc-shaped a, which can be strip-shaped b, open-shaped c, triangle d, three-lobed The shapes of the friction material 18 correspond to the shapes of the rotating friction discs 16 and the stationary friction discs 17 respectively. Each static friction disc 17 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the force application tray 20 through the force application shaft 19, and force application weights 21 are placed in the four force application trays 20, and the weight ranges of the force application weights 21 on each force application tray 20 are respectively 10~200kg.

施力托盘20上端与升降控制装置固定连接,如图1、3、4所示,升降控制装置安装在工作室5外上方的机架7上,包括托盘上端滑轮22、钢绳23、机架滑轮组24、蜗杆25、摇柄26,施力托盘20上下端通过长螺栓27与托盘上端滑轮22的滑轮座相连接,钢绳23一端与机架7连接,其另一端通过托盘上端滑轮22、机架滑轮组24与蜗杆25连接,蜗杆25安装在机座6后部,摇柄26安装在蜗杆25的端部,升降控制装置的提升距离是0~200mm。The upper end of the force application tray 20 is fixedly connected with the lifting control device, as shown in Figures 1, 3, and 4, the lifting control device is installed on the frame 7 outside the working room 5, including the upper end of the pallet pulley 22, steel rope 23, frame Pulley block 24, worm screw 25, rocking handle 26, the upper and lower ends of applying force tray 20 are connected with the pulley seat of tray upper end pulley 22 by long bolt 27, steel rope 23 one ends are connected with frame 7, and its other end passes tray upper end pulley 22, Frame pulley block 24 is connected with worm screw 25, and worm screw 25 is installed in support 6 rear portions, and rocking handle 26 is installed in the end of worm screw 25, and the lifting distance of lifting control device is 0~200mm.

如图5、6所示,机械手8安装在工作室5内顶部,位于与升降控制装置相连的两施力托盘20之间,3个静电动态电位测量探头2-1分别通过探头夹27安装在3个静止摩擦盘17上侧的施力轴15上,且该3个静电动态电位测量探头2-1均位于各旋转摩擦盘16固定的摩擦材料18的上表面,各静电动态电位测量探头2-1在垂直、水平方向的信号采样位置调整范围均为0~100mm;另2个静电动态电位测量探头2-2通过探头夹28反向安装在机械手8上,测量时,该2个静电动态电位测量探头2-2分别位于相应的旋转摩擦盘16、静止摩擦盘17固定的摩擦材料18的上、下表面,且其在垂直、水平方向的信号采样位置调整范围均为0~100mm。As shown in Figures 5 and 6, the manipulator 8 is installed on the top of the working room 5, between the two force application trays 20 connected to the lifting control device, and the three electrostatic dynamic potential measurement probes 2-1 are respectively installed on the On the force application shaft 15 on the upper side of the three static friction discs 17, and the three electrostatic dynamic potential measurement probes 2-1 are all located on the upper surface of the fixed friction material 18 of each rotating friction disc 16, each electrostatic dynamic potential measurement probe 2 -1 The adjustment range of the signal sampling position in the vertical and horizontal directions is 0-100mm; the other two electrostatic dynamic potential measurement probes 2-2 are reversely installed on the manipulator 8 through the probe clip 28. When measuring, the two electrostatic dynamic potential The potential measurement probes 2-2 are respectively located on the upper and lower surfaces of the fixed friction material 18 of the corresponding rotating friction disc 16 and stationary friction disc 17, and the adjustment ranges of signal sampling positions in the vertical and horizontal directions are both 0-100 mm.

本静电动态电位的多因素联合效应模拟试验装置的模拟试验工作过程如下:The simulation test working process of the multi-factor joint effect simulation test device of this electrostatic dynamic potential is as follows:

(1)具体分析需要评估的危险作业工况,确定静电动态电位关联参数的设定值,包括摩擦材料、同时存在的摩擦数量、摩擦力、速度、湿度、温度;(1) Specifically analyze the dangerous operating conditions that need to be evaluated, and determine the set values of the parameters related to the electrostatic dynamic potential, including friction materials, the number of frictions that exist at the same time, friction, speed, humidity, and temperature;

(2)根据步骤(1)确定的摩擦材料、摩擦数量,将相应4组摩擦材料18分别固定于4个旋转摩擦盘16和静止摩擦盘17上,且旋转摩擦盘16的形状为圆盘形,静止摩擦盘17的形状为条形b、开口形c、三角形d、三叶形e,4组摩擦材料18的形状分别与4个旋转摩擦盘16、4个静止摩擦盘17的形状对应;(2) According to the friction material and friction quantity determined in step (1), the corresponding four groups of friction materials 18 are respectively fixed on the four rotating friction discs 16 and the stationary friction discs 17, and the shape of the rotating friction discs 16 is disc-shaped , the shape of the static friction disc 17 is a bar shape b, an open shape c, a triangle d, and a three-leaf shape e, and the shapes of the four groups of friction materials 18 correspond to the shapes of the four rotating friction discs 16 and the four static friction discs 17 respectively;

(3)调整升降控制装置、各静止摩擦盘17,并根据步骤(1)确定的摩擦力设定值,将所需数量的施力砝码21放置于施力托盘20内,使每组摩擦材料紧18密接触,施力砝码21的重量范围是10~200kg;(3) Adjust the lifting control device, each static friction disc 17, and according to the set value of the friction force determined in step (1), place the required number of force application weights 21 in the force application tray 20, so that each group of friction The materials are in close contact with each other, and the weight range of the force weight 21 is 10-200kg;

(4)将5静电动态电位测量探头2与主机3、计算机4依次连接好,并通过探头夹27在3个静止摩擦盘17上侧的施力轴15上分别安装静电动态电位测量探头2-1,且各静电动态电位测量探头2-1位于相应的旋转摩擦盘固定的摩擦材料18的上表面,设定各静电动态电位测量探头2-1在垂直、水平方向的信号采样位置,其调整范围均为0~100mm,同时通过探头夹28将另2个静电动态电位测量探头2-2反向安装在机械手8上;(4) 5 electrostatic dynamic potential measuring probes 2 are connected with the host computer 3 and the computer 4 in turn, and the electrostatic dynamic potential measuring probes 2- 1, and each electrostatic dynamic potential measurement probe 2-1 is located on the upper surface of the friction material 18 fixed by the corresponding rotating friction disc, and the signal sampling position of each electrostatic dynamic potential measurement probe 2-1 in the vertical and horizontal directions is set, and its adjustment The ranges are 0-100mm, and at the same time, the other two electrostatic dynamic potential measurement probes 2-2 are reversely installed on the manipulator 8 through the probe clip 28;

(5)根据步骤(1)确定的温度、湿度设定值,通过控制机座控制器14,使测温探头9、测湿探头12的示值达到设定值,工作室5的温度控制范围是20~60℃,湿度控制范围是20%~90%;(5) According to the temperature and humidity setting values determined in step (1), by controlling the base controller 14, the indications of the temperature measuring probe 9 and the humidity measuring probe 12 reach the setting value, and the temperature control range of the working room 5 It is 20~60℃, and the humidity control range is 20%~90%;

(6)根据步骤(1)确定的速度设定值,通过控制机座控制器14,在0.1~522rpm范围之间设定变频电机13转速,开启变频电机13;(6) According to the speed setting value determined in step (1), by controlling the machine base controller 14, the variable frequency motor 13 speed is set between 0.1~522rpm, and the variable frequency motor 13 is turned on;

(7)通过控制主机3、计算机4,开启各静电动态电位测量探头2,跟踪测量各摩擦材料18的静电动态电位的大小、极性与动态波形,同时通过控制机座控制器14,保持变频电机13、旋转摩擦盘16旋转持续5秒~10分钟;(7) By controlling the host computer 3 and the computer 4, each static dynamic potential measuring probe 2 is opened, and the size, polarity and dynamic waveform of the static dynamic potential of each friction material 18 are tracked and measured, and the frequency conversion is maintained by controlling the base controller 14 simultaneously. The motor 13 and the rotating friction disc 16 rotate continuously for 5 seconds to 10 minutes;

(8)停止变频电机13、旋转摩擦盘16,同时迅速摇动蜗杆25端部的摇柄26,使两端分别固定在蜗杆25、机架7上的钢绳23,通过机架滑轮组24、托盘上端滑轮22,带动升降控制装置连接的两组施力托盘20迅速升起,其提升距离是0~200mm,实现相应两组旋转摩擦盘16、静止摩擦盘17固定的摩擦材料18迅速分离;(8) Stop the frequency conversion motor 13, the rotating friction disc 16, and shake the rocking handle 26 at the end of the worm screw 25 rapidly at the same time, so that the two ends are respectively fixed on the steel rope 23 on the worm screw 25 and the frame 7, and pass through the frame pulley block 24, the tray The upper pulley 22 drives the two groups of force-applying trays 20 connected to the lifting control device to rise rapidly, and the lifting distance is 0-200 mm, so that the corresponding two groups of rotating friction discs 16 and stationary friction discs 17 are quickly separated from the fixed friction material 18;

(9)调整机械手8使2个静电动态电位测量探头2-2分别位于步骤(8)所述分离后摩擦材料18的上、下表面,且其在垂直、水平方向的信号采样位置调整范围均为0~100mm,分别对两组摩擦材料18分离后各自表面所带的静电电位的大小、极性进行测量;(9) Adjust the manipulator 8 so that the two electrostatic dynamic potential measuring probes 2-2 are respectively located on the upper and lower surfaces of the friction material 18 after the separation described in step (8), and the signal sampling position adjustment ranges in the vertical and horizontal directions are uniform. 0 to 100mm, respectively measure the magnitude and polarity of the electrostatic potentials on the surfaces of the two groups of friction materials 18 after they are separated;

(10)通过计算机对上述各测量值进行保存、分析、处理,计算静电动态电位的多因素联合效应模拟试验结果。(10) Save, analyze and process the above-mentioned measured values by computer, and calculate the multi-factor joint effect simulation test results of electrostatic dynamic potential.

如上,即可较好地实现本实用新型。As above, the utility model can be better realized.

Claims (5)

1, a kind of multifactor combination effect analog experiment apparatus of electrostatic dynamic current potential, it is characterized in that: it is interconnected by simulating chamber, data acquisition and disposal system forms, described simulating chamber comprises operating room, support and frame, described operating room is installed between support and the frame, its top is equipped with mechanical arm, inner bottom surface is provided with temperature probe and heating tube, and medial surface is provided with moisture absorption box and hygrometric probe; Variable-frequency motor, support controller are installed on the described support, described support controller is connected with temperature probe, heating tube, moisture absorption box, hygrometric probe, variable-frequency motor respectively, described variable-frequency motor is connected with the spin friction dish that is installed on the bottom, operating room by turning axle, described spin friction dish top is equipped with the friction of rest dish relatively, the friction of rest dish is fixedlyed connected with application of force pallet lower end by application of force axle, place application of force counterweight in the described application of force pallet, and fixedly connected with the apparatus for controlling of lifting on being installed in described frame in application of force pallet upper end; Described data acquisition and disposal system comprise electrostatic dynamic current potential measuring sonde, main frame, computing machine, and described electrostatic dynamic current potential measuring sonde is installed in respectively on application of force axle and the described mechanical arm, and interconnects successively with main frame, computing machine.
2, according to the multifactor combination effect analog experiment apparatus of the described a kind of electrostatic dynamic current potential of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described spin friction dish be shaped as disc, described friction of rest dish be shaped as non-disc, comprise opening shape, bar shaped, triangle, trilobal, the shape of described friction material is corresponding with the shape of each spin friction dish, friction of rest dish respectively.
3, according to the multifactor combination effect analog experiment apparatus of the described a kind of electrostatic dynamic current potential of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described apparatus for controlling of lifting comprises head sheave on the pallet, steel cable, frame, frame pulley blocks, worm screw, rocking handle, described application of force pallet upper and lower side is connected by the pulley base of head sheave on thru-bolt and the pallet, steel cable one end is connected with frame, its other end is connected with described worm screw by head sheave, frame pulley blocks on the pallet, worm screw is installed in described support rear portion, and described rocking handle is installed in the end of worm screw.
4, according to the multifactor combination effect analog experiment apparatus of the described a kind of electrostatic dynamic current potential of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the range of lift of described apparatus for controlling of lifting is 0~200mm, and each described electrostatic dynamic current potential measuring sonde is 0~100mm in signal sampling position adjustment range vertical, horizontal direction.
5, according to the multifactor combination effect analog experiment apparatus of the described a kind of electrostatic dynamic current potential of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the temperature controlling range of described operating room is 20~60 ℃, and the humidity range of control is 20%~90%.
CN 200520056017 2005-03-23 2005-03-23 Simulating tester for multi factor united effect of Electrostatic dynamic potential Expired - Lifetime CN2777551Y (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN100335907C (en) * 2005-03-23 2007-09-05 华南理工大学 Multiple factor combination effect analog experiment apparatus for static electricity dynamic potentials
CN101206230B (en) * 2007-12-12 2011-06-22 山东省纺织科学研究院 Carpet electrostatic tester
CN102636679A (en) * 2012-04-16 2012-08-15 深圳市新纶科技股份有限公司 Automatic test apparatus for friction voltage

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN100335907C (en) * 2005-03-23 2007-09-05 华南理工大学 Multiple factor combination effect analog experiment apparatus for static electricity dynamic potentials
CN101206230B (en) * 2007-12-12 2011-06-22 山东省纺织科学研究院 Carpet electrostatic tester
CN102636679A (en) * 2012-04-16 2012-08-15 深圳市新纶科技股份有限公司 Automatic test apparatus for friction voltage

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