CN2716377Y - Shape memory alloy and rubber composite support with horizontal polydirectional vibration-proof and vertical drawing-prevention function - Google Patents
Shape memory alloy and rubber composite support with horizontal polydirectional vibration-proof and vertical drawing-prevention function Download PDFInfo
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- CN2716377Y CN2716377Y CN 200420050456 CN200420050456U CN2716377Y CN 2716377 Y CN2716377 Y CN 2716377Y CN 200420050456 CN200420050456 CN 200420050456 CN 200420050456 U CN200420050456 U CN 200420050456U CN 2716377 Y CN2716377 Y CN 2716377Y
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a shape memory alloy and rubber composite support with horizontal polydirectional vibration-proof and vertical drawing-prevention function, which belongs to the field of shock absorption. The utility model comprises an upper connecting steel plate (7), a lower connecting steel plate (8), a stacked rubber cushion (3) which is adhered between the upper connecting steel plate (7) and the lower connecting steel plate (8), and shape memory alloy fibers (6) which are arranged symmetrically around the stacked rubber cushion (3). The utility model is characterized in that a locating block (10) with a smooth hole is connected around the lower part of the upper connecting steel plate (7); a regulating valve (9) which is used for installing and prestressing the shape memory alloy fibers (6) is connected with the locating block (10). The regulating valve (9) comprises a pulling ring (13) which is penetrated by the shape memory alloy fibers (6), a screw (14) which passes through the smooth hole of the locating block (10) and a screw nut (15) which is fixed on the screw (14). The screw nut (15) is regulated to make the regulating valve (9) move in a horizontal direction in the smooth hole of the locating block (10), in order to realize prestressing the shape memory alloy fibers (6). The lower connecting steel plate (8) is provided with a press plate (11) which is used for fixing the shape memory alloy fibers (6) at the position corresponding to the locating block (10). The utility model has horizontal polydirectional vibration-proof and vertical drawing-prevention ability.
Description
1. technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of marmem-rubber combined bearing with the multidirectional shock insulation of level, vertically pulling-resistant ability, belongs to building structure damping control field.
2. background technology
In the damping control field of building structure, be a kind of comparatively ripe Passive Control technology by using rubber earthquake isolation support relief features seismic response.The isolator that is most widely used in engineering shock insulation field at present is General Purpose Rubber bearing and lead core rubber support.The block rubber vertical rigidity is little though the General Purpose Rubber bearing has overcome, shortcoming such as poor stability under the horizontal loads, but because the little power consumption of the damping of rubber own is not enough, the bigger bearing unstability that causes of shock insulation layer distortion can cause owing to can obtain damping effect preferably so it must be used just with other damper.This support style of lead core rubber support mainly utilizes the power consumption of plumbous shear extrusion flow mechanism, and energy dissipation capacity is stronger, and bigger damping force can be provided, and has damping effect preferably.But can't recover self original shape after the lead for retractable pencil plastic strain, thereby greatly reduce the automatic recovery ability of this type neoprene bearing.Above-mentioned deficiency has become the principal contradiction that hinders architectural vibration-insulation further to promote.Therefore, the more superior novel bearing of development performance becomes the development priority of present stage various countries' seismic isolation technology.
Marmem (Shape Memory Alloy is abbreviated as SMA) is a kind of new function material and intellectual material.Compare with common material, it has characteristics such as unique shape memory effect, superelastic effect.Utilize the energy-dissipating device of super elastic shape memory alloy effect design to have durability and corrosion resistance and good, the operating period limit for length allows advantages such as large deformation and distortion can recover.Based on the performance of above-mentioned excellence, experts and scholars begun with marmem be used to build, the development of the novel shock isolating pedestal of bridge.
" University Of Tianjin's journal ", in November, 2002, the 35th volume " the high building structure intelligent shock-isolation of applying shape memory alloy " (document 1 is called in letter in this paper summary of the invention and the description of drawings) proposed the compound normal stack rubber vibration isolation cushion of a kind of shape-memory alloy wire mixing earthquake isolating equipment.This device adopts the marmem drag-line of ordinary rectangular neoprene bearing in two pairs of intersections of four sides difference symmetric arrangement, and they are in normal temperature martensitic state and normal temperature austenitic state respectively.Marmem drag-line two ends are individually fixed on the outer connection steel plate of neoprene bearing, in addition, attemperating unit are housed also on the drag-line.The compound normal stack neoprene bearing of this kind marmem is installed on the substrate of building structure, if meet with strong geological process, utilize the hyperelastic deformation of austenitic state marmem drag-line, the elastic-plastic deformation of martensitic state marmem drag-line and the shearing lag return distortion dissipation earthquake motion energy of rubber, reduce the distortion of shock insulation layer.After vibration finished, if there is permanent set in bearing, the temperature of the martensitic state marmem drag-line that can raise utilized its shape memory effect that structure is resetted.The temperature of attempting to change martensitic state marmem drag-line in the vibration processes is adjusted the horizontal rigidity and the damping of bearing, to adapt to the stochastic behaviour of geological process.This mixing earthquake isolating equipment weak point is: the marmem drag-line does not apply prestretched, and a pair of in the vibration processes in two of the bearing side arrangement pairs of drag-lines will be lost the power consumption effect because of the pressurized flexing, can not improve the vertically pulling-resistant performance of bearing simultaneously; Because the two ends of drag-line are fixed on four sides of neoprene bearing, little thereby the less energy intensive of the hyperelastic deformation of marmem and can only play certain power consumption effect to the earthquake motion of two orthogonal directions of horizontal plane, but, be not enough to guarantee that any horizontal direction geological process undersetting all can produce isolating affection preferably to top-out to the earthquake motion energy dissipation capacity deficiency of other horizontal direction; The reaction speed of marmem is slower during heating and cooling, takes longlyer, and hysteresis effect is obvious, therefore above-mentioned utilize shape memory effect carry out building structure in real time half active control strategies of control be difficult in engineering, implement.
" world's earthquake engineering " in December, 2003, the 19th volume the 4th phase " design of the rubber combined bearing of SMA-and isolation property " (document 2 is called in letter in this paper summary of the invention and the description of drawings) has proposed a kind of marmem-rubber combined bearing from the angle of passive shock insulation.It is by two blocks of connection steel plates, two groups of shape-memory alloy wire and laminated rubber bearings that intersect are formed up and down.Two groups of shape-memory alloy wires all are in the normal temperature austenitic state.Shape-memory alloy wire is connected with the steel plate that is bonded in the rubber pad two ends after prestretched.Under geological process, laminated rubber bearing is brought into play its shock insulation function, and when two-layered steel plates produced relative horizontal movement up and down, two groups of shape-memory alloy wire co-operation of intersecting were by they hysteretic energy ability earthquake energy under hyperelastic deformation.Because the effect of shape-memory alloy wire, can overcome that the displacement of General Purpose Rubber bearing shock insulation layer is excessive, occur deficiency such as permanent set after the shake of lead core rubber support lead for retractable pencil.Yet shape-memory alloy wire is symmetrically fixed on the both sides of rubber pad in the above-mentioned bearing, and the super-elasticity dilatation of shape-memory alloy wire is very little under the geological process, causes super-elasticity damping hysteretic energy scarce capacity; This bearing can only be given full play to the super-elasticity damping energy dissipation at the horizontal earthquake excitation that is parallel to plane, shape-memory alloy wire place and do in order to reach comparatively ideal isolating affection, power consumption effect to the seismic stimulation of other horizontal direction is very weak, and is therefore relatively poor to the compliance of horizontal earthquake action input direction.
3. summary of the invention
The purpose of this utility model is in order to overcome the deficiency of General Purpose Rubber bearing, lead core rubber support and marmem-rubber combined bearing in the prior art, to have proposed a kind of marmem-rubber combined bearing with the multidirectional shock insulation of level, vertically pulling-resistant ability.
Technical solutions of the utility model are seen Fig. 3, it include connect steel plate 7, lower link steel plate 8, be adhered to the laminated rubber bearing 3 that connects between steel plate 7 and the lower link steel plate 8, laminated rubber bearing 3 shape-memory alloy wire 6 of cross-shaped symmetric arrangement all around, be characterised in that: connect the locating piece 10 that has smooth hole according to known technology around below the last connection steel plate 7, the control valve 9 that is used for the installation of shape-memory alloy wire 6 and prestretched and locating piece 10 are connected according to known technology; Control valve 9 comprises the draw ring 13 that is used to pass shape-memory alloy wire 6, pass the screw rod 14 of locating piece 10 smooth holes, be contained in the nut 15 on the screw rod 14, adjust nut 15 and make control valve 9 along continuous straight runs translation in locating piece 10 realize the prestretched of shape-memory alloy wire 6; Connect down above the steel plate 8 around establish according to known technology with locating piece 10 correspondence positions and to be used for fixing shape-memory alloy wire 6 pressing plate 11 with holes.
Above-mentioned below last connection steel plate 7 around weld or rivet locating piece with holes 10, according to known technology, on connect steel plate 7 and be circle or rectangle, locating piece 10 is distributed on the four direction, on when connecting steel plate 7 for rectangle locating piece 10 be distributed on four jiaos.
Above-mentioned on lower link steel plate 8 position of locating piece 10 correspondences establish the pressing plate 11 that is used for fixing shape-memory alloy wire 6 according to known technology, lower link steel plate 8 punching backs are connected with pressing plate 11 by screw 12, shape-memory alloy wire 6 is placed between pressing plate 11 and the lower link steel plate 8, but screws screw 12 solid shape memory alloy wires 6.
Last lower link steel plate based on the marmem-rubber combined bearing of above technical scheme has circular hole, rely on other parts of bolt and building to be connected, it generally be installed between building substrate and the ground or building roof system and lower support structure between.Its course of work is: under the severe earthquake action of any horizontal input direction, be arranged on lower link steel plate occurred level relative motion on the marmem-rubber combined bearing between two parts of building, dilatation takes place and slides in the draw ring at control valve simultaneously in the shape-memory alloy wire of process prestretched under their drive.Because the shape-memory alloy wire metallographic structure is an austenitic state, have superelastic properties under operating temperature, when adding unloading, two groups of stressed shape-memory alloy wires of while can provide the super-elasticity damping, under the cooperation of rubber shearing lag return, consume the earthquake motion energy.Because when the relative motion of any horizontal direction takes place in the lower link steel plate on marmem-rubber combined bearing, the shape-memory alloy wire that four sides of laminated rubber bearing are arranged all can slide in the draw ring of control valve, so the utility model has bigger dilatation in the super elastic shape memory alloy scope, so just make and the utlity model has proper flexibility and stronger energy dissipation capacity, subdued top-out structural earthquake acceleration responsive thereby both can effectively isolate, the relative displacement of building shock insulation layer can be controlled in the suitable scope again by the geological process of arbitrary horizontal direction input.In addition, vertical tension state may appear in the multi-component earthquake excitation undersetting, after in the General Purpose Rubber bearing, arranging shape-memory alloy wire according to technical solutions of the utility model, make the utility model in the multidirectional shock insulation of realization level, also have vertically pulling-resistant ability preferably, guaranteed more reliably in the globality of shaking multidimensional ground motion comprehensive function undersetting doughtily.
In sum, compared with prior art, the utility model has adopted the control valve of realizing the shape-memory alloy wire prestretched, cavity of draw ring makes shape-memory alloy wire to be free to slide on it, shape-memory alloy wire has bigger dilatation in one-dimensional shear stress, thereby utilized the superelastic effect of marmem fully, earthquake motion to any horizontal direction input all has the good isolation effect, therefore energy dissipation capacity is stronger, has realized the unification of isolation property and fade performance better; The construction measure that shape-memory alloy wire is installed all is not provided in document 1 and the document 2, do not provide the construction measure of implementing the shape-memory alloy wire prestretched in the document 2 yet, and the utility model provides clear and definite construction measure at the installation and the prestretched of shape-memory alloy wire, is convenient to personnel operation; The utlity model has vertically pulling-resistant ability preferably, guaranteed to shake doughtily under the comprehensive function of multidimensional ground motion the globality of self.
Description of drawings
The marmem that Fig. 1, document 1 provide-rubber combined bearing illustraton of model;
The marmem that Fig. 2, document 2 provide-rubber combined bearing illustraton of model;
Fig. 3, the utility model marmem-rubber combined bearing graphics;
The pressing plate and the shape-memory alloy wire vertical view at one jiao of place of lower link steel plate in Fig. 4 (a), the utility model marmem-rubber combined bearing;
In Fig. 4 (b), the utility model marmem-rubber combined bearing on the lower link steel plate with another block pressur plate and the shape-memory alloy wire vertical view of position shown in Fig. 4 (a) on same diagonal;
Control valve illustraton of model in Fig. 5, the utility model marmem-rubber combined bearing;
Fig. 6, the utility model marmem-rubber combined bearing performance test gained are replied force-displacement curve;
Among the figure: 1, austenitic state marmem drag-line, 2, martensitic state marmem drag-line, 3, laminated rubber bearing, 4, connect steel plate outward, 5, connect steel plate, 6, shape-memory alloy wire, 7, connect steel plate on, 8, the lower link steel plate, 9, control valve, 10, locating piece, 11, pressing plate, 12, screw, 13, draw ring, 14, screw rod, 15, nut.
The specific embodiment:
Enforcement of the present utility model adopts existing processing and mounting technology to make according to Fig. 3.Before the use, one group of shape-memory alloy wire 6 is passed in the draw ring 13 that connects two control valves 9 on steel plate 7 any one diagonal, connect two block pressur plates 11 of steel plate 8 diagonals down with these group shape-memory alloy wire 6 clampings with these two control valves, 9 oblique belows, again control valve 9 is inserted in the locating piece 10, another group shape-memory alloy wire adopts identical method to install, and promptly two groups of shape-memory alloy wires are cross-shaped in bearing four sides.Because the silk material only can bear pulling force, for avoiding shape-memory alloy wire 6 that the pressurized flexing takes place in vibration processes, therefore also must carry out prestretched after shape-memory alloy wire 6 installs, guarantee that shape-memory alloy wire 6 always is in tension state in the course of the work it.For this reason, the screw rod 14 on control valve is equipped with nut 15, adjust nut 15 make control valve 9 in locating piece 10 in the horizontal direction translation can realize the prestretched of shape-memory alloy wire 6.In order to give full play to the superelastic properties of marmem, recommend to be stretched to the half value of the maximum stretching strain of shape memory alloy wire material, i.e. the pre-stretching strain of silk material is in the mid point of super-elasticity platform.
In the utility model, the shape-memory alloy wire diameter of selecting for use is set by known technology, each parameter in the present embodiment is as follows: diameter is the NiTi alloy silk of 1.0mm, and chemical composition is Ti-51at%Ni, carries out the processing of memory alloy material according to the common process technology.The phase transition temperature of material under the parent phase state is as shown in table 1.Consider the operating temperature of shape memory alloy material in civil engineering structure, the characteristic temperature A of selected material
f=-5 ℃, so just can guarantee that material is in austenitic state in most cases, give full play to its superelastic properties, under other environment temperature, the shape memory alloy wire material that can select the relevant work temperature is in austenitic state to guarantee material.Marmem in the performance test-rubber combined bearing is of a size of: rubber pad diameter 150mm, height 46mm; Last lower link steel plate 300 * 300 * 10mm; Control valve length overall 63mm, screw diameter 14mm, draw ring internal diameter 10mm; Pressing plate 30 * 30 * 2mm; Screw diameter 5mm.It is 6% that shape-memory alloy wire designs maximum stretching strain, and the prestretched strain is 3%.
Marmem-rubber combined bearing is carried out pseudo-its static performance experimental test, experimental rig comprises jack, actuator and displacement meter, obtain having the marmem-rubber combined bearing of same size and identical elastomeric material and General Purpose Rubber bearing under 4 tons of vertical dead loads, horizontal loading frequency 0.5Hz condition restoring force-displacement hysteresis loop comparison diagram as shown in Figure 6.
Because the displacement-area size of restoring force curve institute envelope of bearing has reflected the size of its energy that can dissipate, area is big more, and the energy of dissipation is many more.The envelope area of marmem in the comparison diagram 6-rubber combined bearing hysteresis loop illustrates that obviously greater than the envelope area of General Purpose Rubber bearing hysteresis loop energy dissipation capacity of the present utility model is better than the General Purpose Rubber bearing based on prior art.
Table 1:NiTi memory alloy material characteristic temperature
| Characteristic temperature | M f | M s | A s | A f |
| Temperature value (℃) | -64 | -40 | -29 | -5 |
Claims (3)
1, the multidirectional shock insulation of level, vertically pulling-resistant marmem-rubber combined bearing, it includes and connects steel plate (7), lower link steel plate (8), be adhered to the laminated rubber bearing (3) that connects between steel plate (7) and the lower link steel plate (8), laminated rubber bearing (3) is the shape-memory alloy wire of cross-shaped symmetric arrangement (6) all around, be characterised in that: around last connection steel plate (7) below, connect the locating piece (10) that has smooth hole, be used for the installation of shape-memory alloy wire (6) and the control valve (9) of prestretched and be connected according to known technology with locating piece (10) according to known technology; Control valve (9) comprises the draw ring (13) that is used to pass shape-memory alloy wire (6), pass the screw rod (14) of locating piece (10) smooth hole, be contained in the nut (15) on the screw rod (14), adjust nut (15) and make control valve (9) along continuous straight runs translation in locating piece (10) realize the prestretched of shape-memory alloy wire (6); Connect down steel plate (8) top around establish according to known technology with locating piece (10) correspondence position and to be used for fixing shape-memory alloy wire (6) pressing plate (11) with holes.
2, the multidirectional shock insulation of level according to claim 1, vertically pulling-resistant marmem-rubber combined bearing, wherein around last connection steel plate (7) below, welding or riveting locating piece with holes (10), according to known technology, last connection steel plate (7) is circle or rectangle, locating piece (10) is distributed on the four direction, on connect steel plate (7) locating piece (10) when the rectangle and be distributed on four jiaos.
3, the multidirectional shock insulation of level according to claim 1, vertically pulling-resistant marmem-rubber combined bearing, wherein go up the corresponding position of locating piece (10) and establish the pressing plate (11) that is used for fixing shape-memory alloy wire (6) according to known technology at lower link steel plate (8), lower link steel plate (8) punching back is connected with pressing plate (11) by screw (12), shape-memory alloy wire (6) is placed between pressing plate (11) and the lower link steel plate (8), screws screw (12) but solid shape memory alloy wire (6).
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| CN101806097A (en) * | 2010-03-22 | 2010-08-18 | 北京工业大学 | Tensile prestress rubber earthquake isolation support |
| CN101575882B (en) * | 2009-05-05 | 2010-09-29 | 大连理工大学 | Mixed type shape memory alloy multi-dimensional vibration isolator |
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