CN2708324Y

CN2708324Y - Carrier wave type prepaying electric energy meter

Info

Publication number: CN2708324Y
Application number: CN 200420041591
Authority: CN
Inventors: 齐长远
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2004-03-01
Filing date: 2004-03-01
Publication date: 2005-07-06
Anticipated expiration: 2014-03-01

Abstract

The utility model relates to a carrier wave type prepaying electric energy meter that is not only solve the electric energy remote meter reading and charging, but also fundamentally avoid the external attack, protect the meter reading and charging of the bought electricity data information. The electric energy meter is composed of the bought electricity data store circuit, the original sample-taking metering circuit and the meter display. The bought electricity data store circuit which is composed of the power line carrier circuit, the control circuit and the RAM (EEPROM, FRAM). The bought electricity data of users is send to the user electric energy meter through the power line carrier. After the user electric energy meter power line carrier circuit received the data, it stores the data in the prescribed form to the bought data store circuit and send the confirmation information to the meter reading sold electricity computer to check through the power line carrier at the same time. The utility model has reasonable structure, easy installation, it is used for the electric energy metering, the control and the prepaying executive system, making the electric power distribution, using, metering and charging in the fully transparent computer supervision and control, and preventing the undesired line loss happen such as electric larceny, electrical leakage, etc.

Description

The carrier system prepayment meter

Technical field

The utility model belongs to electric energy metrical, control and toll administration technology; particularly be that information channel is carried out the centralized automatic meter-reading charge with the power line carrier; on each user's electric energy meter, realize pre paid functionality, reach the prepayment meter that electrical data signal breath safety and decentralised control management are purchased in protection.

Background technology

The metering of electric energy and charge, most at present still employing are powered to enter the mouth each user electric energy meter are installed, and full-time meter reading personnel regularly checks meter to the doorstep, and each user pays the fees to the cash desk more then.This electric energy meter makes the custom power arrearage of many power supply enterprises or infrastructure management company more and more owing to there is not effective surveillance and control measure to pay clearly the electricity charge, even must not cut off the power supply without large tracts of land and supervise electricity payment, has directly influenced people's life and social stability.

Problem for the electric energy meter difficult charge, Chinese patent ZL 01261220.0 " single-phase intelligent card electric energy meter " and Chinese patent ZL 02223241.9 " digital-code type prepayment meter " have proposed both to have solved in advance and have collected charges for electricity, and improve the electric energy meter scheme of privacy degrees again.These two parts of patented technologies all are by the single-chip microcomputer in IC-card or the keyboard user to be purchased electrical information to carry out the intellectuality encryption, the user of input is purchased electrical data signal breath carry out intellectuality and understand by being installed on single-chip microcomputer in the electric energy meter again, reach with this and improve the user and purchase the purpose that electrical data signal ceases safe coefficient.Because these two kinds of schemes still exist IC-card or the such data input window open to the user of keyboard, so just increased the degree that prevents extraneous malicious attack, and can not fundamentally avoid outside world, there is not the information feedback passage allow to check meter the sale of electricity computing machine often to check user's electricity consumption and purchase electric data yet.Therefore, still there are bigger security breaches in user's data message of purchasing electricity charge.

Summary of the invention

Goal of the invention of the present utility model aims to provide a kind of rational in infrastructure, intelligent, can thoroughly solve electric energy counting cost by gas meter problem, can fundamentally avoid outside world again, and the protection electricity consumption is checked meter and purchased the carrier system prepayment meter of electric charge data information security.

The technical scheme that the utility model proposed is to solve like this: the carrier signal of coming from line of electric force L, N enters the power line carrier module by signal coupling circuit; The break-make control signal input control module that carrier module obtains by signal demodulation, interpretation exclusive disjunction is implemented break-make control by relay power output contact to the phase line LO for user's power supply; The user that carrier module receives from carrier signal purchases electric data, all be transferred to data storage circuitry from the user power utilization data that collect of sampling metering module preserves; User power utilization data and the next alarm condition information of carrier module that meter degree display receives the sampling metering module are shown; Power module provides each functional module required power supply; Carrier module receives the order of checking meter when maybe needing to return confirmation from carrier signal, just read the user and purchase electric data or meter reading data in real time from data storage circuitry, sends on line of electric force L, the N by signal coupling circuit through after the carrier modulation.

On user's electric energy meter, install a power line carrier module, control module and one additional by non-volatile RAM (EEPROM, FRAM) device is formed purchases electric data storage circuitry, with carrier system prepayment meters of composition such as the original sampling metering module of ammeter, meter degree displays.User's the electric data of purchasing send by the carrier system prepayment meter of power line carrier to the user; After user's electric energy meter carrier module is received this order, one-chip computer interpretation immediately in the module, store into and purchase electric data storage circuitry purchasing the form of electric data, will receive that simultaneously the affirmation information of purchasing electric data passes the sale of electricity computing machine of checking meter back by power line carrier with regulation.User's electric energy meter carrier module is received when the user purchases electric data, except carrying out password authentification, parity check sum frame data and checking, also will beam back the sale of electricity computing machine of checking meter to these data and check affirmation.Because these data are repeatedly to purchase the summation of electric data, so the storing value that user's electric energy meter is purchased in the electric data storage circuitry should be consistent with the transmission value of the sale of electricity computing machine of checking meter.After the sale of electricity computing machine of checking meter had sent the electric data of purchasing of user, if can not receive return message, return data of perhaps receiving and transmission value were different, thought that then this time communication makes mistakes, and just can retransmit automatically; If continuous several times is still made mistakes, illustrate that communication channel is temporarily obstructed, just can this time transmission value suspense on the hard disk of computing machine, cross one or two hour operator and operate transmission once more, till sending successfully.This has just guaranteed that the user purchases electric data and can not leak and send out or wrong sending out.

The utility model is compared with existing known technology, has the following advantages:

1, the pre-payment type electric energy meter is thoroughly stopped the advantage of subscriber arrearage, also has carrier system electric energy meter load analysis and Control to the family, and running status is the advantage of monitoring in real time.Both the difficulty of checking meter can be solved, this two large problems of difficult charge can be solved again.

2, the user purchases electrical data signal breath by totally-enclosed, and the open window of prepayment meters such as IC-card formula has been removed in the voltage Power Line Carrier Channel transmission of good confidentiality, and the protection pre-payment is purchased electrical data signal breath safety, makes it not be subjected to any malicious attack and changes.

3, the user purchase that electrical data signal breath is kept at user's electric energy meter simultaneously and the sale of electricity computing machine of checking meter on, when any one equipment was subjected to damaging in the system, the user purchased electric data and still can recover on 100% ground.User's dispute of having avoided prepayment meters such as IC-card formula very easily to take place even take place once in a while, also obtains the science evidence obtaining easily.

4, when electricity price and other electricity consumption policies need be adjusted, can be in time carry out corresponding regulation and control according to new electrovalence policy (as time-of-use tariffs, rich withered electricity price) etc. by the sale of electricity computing machine of checking meter, fast and reliable can not cause the situation that influences social stability and take place.

5, use known prepayment meters such as IC-card formula, each user actual power consumption in this month can't be known by management of power use department, also just can't adjust of that month electricity charge number from the actual withdrawal of user.If because of improper electricity consumption (as stealing, electric leakage etc.) produces bigger " line loss " rate, just may cause huge " line loss " electricity charge accumulation.The utility model can in time be found and be taken measures owing to can make a copy of calculating of that month " line loss " in real time accurately, and the massive losses of avoiding being difficult to remedy takes place.

6, the utility model has not only solved known technology " power line carrier electrical energy meter " in the deficiency that solves aspect " difficult charge ", and has stopped that " prepayment meters " such as known technology IC-card formulas is vulnerable, the information security leak of " legal " stealing.Can make distribution of electrical power, use, metering and charge all place the supervision of computing machine and Guaranteed, make power supply enterprise or infrastructure management company thoroughly remove the heavy burden of the long-term arrearage of power consumer, a large amount of arrearages, for the recovery of electric system huge investment provides effective technical means." prepayment meters " such as " power line carrier electrical energy meter " of implementation cost of the present utility model and known technology, IC-cards is suitable substantially, performance and function have been turned over and but can have been kept price constant, so ratio of performance to price height, application risk is little, and comprehensive benefit is good.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the utility model structural representation theory diagram;

Fig. 2 is the signal coupling circuit schematic diagram of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is the circuit theory diagrams of the carrier module of Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is another circuit theory diagrams of the carrier module of Fig. 1;

Fig. 5 is the another circuit theory diagrams of the carrier module of Fig. 1;

Fig. 6 is the circuit theory diagrams of alarm condition demonstration in the control module of Fig. 1 and the meter degree display;

Fig. 7 is the data storage circuitry and the electric energy metrical pulse input circuit schematic diagram of the carrier module of Fig. 1;

Fig. 8 is the circuit theory diagrams that the data storage circuitry of Fig. 1 is made up of ferroelectric memory;

Fig. 9 is the circuit theory diagrams that the data storage circuitry of Fig. 1 is made up of one-chip computer serial communication interface and ferroelectric memory.

Figure 10 is that the data storage circuitry of Fig. 1 is by one-chip computer I ²The circuit theory diagrams that C bus interface and ferroelectric memory are formed.

Embodiment

Accompanying drawing is the utility model embodiment.

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the utility model embodiment is described further:

With reference to the theory of constitution block diagram that Figure 1 shows that " carrier system prepayment meter ".The carrier signal of coming from line of electric force L, N enters power line carrier module 2 by signal coupling circuit 1; The break-make control signal input control module 3 that carrier module 2 obtains by signal demodulation, interpretation exclusive disjunction is implemented break-make control by relay power output contact to the phase line LO for user's power supply; The user that carrier module 2 receives from carrier signal purchases electric data, all be transferred to data storage circuitry 4 from the user power utilization data that collect of sampling metering module 6 preserves; Meter degree display 5 receives the user power utilization data of sampling metering module 6 and the alarm condition information of carrier module 2 is shown; Power module 7 provides each functional module required power supply; Carrier module 2 receives from carrier signal calls read command together when maybe needing to return confirmation, just reads the user and purchase electric data or meter reading data in real time from data storage circuitry 4, sends on line of electric force L, the N by signal coupling circuit 1 through after the carrier modulation.

Wherein, carrier module 2 is that core devices is formed by one-chip computer and special-purpose spread spectrum communication integrated circuit; Data storage circuitry 4 is made up of non-volatile RAM (EEPROM or FRAM) device; Meter degree display 5 can be made up of gear register and LED light, can be that core devices is formed by LED charactron or LCD charactron also; Sampling metering module 6 can be that core devices is formed by special-purpose electric energy meter chips such as AD7755, BL0932 or CS5460.

Fig. 2 represents the circuit theory diagrams of signal coupling circuit 1 among embodiment of the utility model.Carrier signal by line of electric force L, N input enters impedance transformer T and diode D1 by coupling capacitance C1, is coupled to IN by resistance R 1, capacitor C 3, C2 and inductance L 1, diode D2, D3 then.The output signal that enters by OUT, through triode Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4 and capacitor C 5, C6, resistance R 2, R3, the power amplifier of compositions such as diode D4, D5, D6, D7 amplify the back and are coupled to impedance transformer T by inductance L 2, capacitor C 4, are coupled to line of electric force L, N output by capacitor C 1 again.

Fig. 3 represents the circuit theory diagrams of carrier module 2 among embodiment of the utility model.Signal coupling circuit 1 is by the carrier signal of IN input, through U1 (MC3361), resistance R 4, R11, capacitor C 14, C8 and BF1 mixing after capacitor C 7 is coupled to triode Q5, resistance R 5, R6, R7 high frequency amplifies, be coupled into special-purpose spread spectrum communication integrated circuit U2 (PL2000A) demodulation through capacitor C 9 again, the digital signal that demodulates is sent into one-chip computer MCU and is discerned calculation process.The user that one-chip computer MCU need send purchases electric data or real-time meter reading data outputs to special-purpose spread spectrum communication integrated circuit U2 modulation equally, delivers to signalk coupling loop joint 1 through OUT.Capacitor C 10, C11, C12, C13, C15, C16, C17, C18, C19 among the figure, resistance R 8, R9, R10, R12 and crystal X1, X2 are the peripheral circuit element of U2.

Fig. 4 represents the circuit theory diagrams of carrier module 2 among another embodiment of the utility model.Signal coupling circuit 1 is by the carrier signal of IN input, through triode Q6, resistance R 13, R14, R15, R16, capacitor C 20 high frequencies amplify the back and are coupled into special-purpose spread spectrum communication integrated circuit U3 (PL2000B) demodulation by capacitor C 21, and the digital signal that demodulates is sent into one-chip computer MCU and discerned calculation process.The user that one-chip computer MCU need send purchases electric data or real-time meter reading data outputs to special-purpose spread spectrum communication integrated circuit U3 modulation equally, delivers to signal coupling circuit 1 through OUT.Resistance R 17, R18, R19, R20, R21 among the figure, capacitor C 22, C24, C25, C26 and BF2 are the peripheral circuit element of U3.Crystal X3,23 of capacitor C are the clock circuit peripheral cell of MCU.

Fig. 5 represents the circuit theory diagrams of carrier module 2 among another embodiment of the utility model.Signal coupling circuit 1 is by the carrier signal of IN input, through triode Q7, resistance R 22, R23, R27, R28, capacitor C 27 high frequencies amplify the back and are coupled into special-purpose spread spectrum communication integrated circuit U4 (PL2101) demodulation by capacitor C 28, and the digital signal that demodulates is sent into one-chip computer MCU and discerned calculation process.The user that one-chip computer MCU need send purchases electric data or real-time meter reading data outputs to special-purpose spread spectrum communication integrated circuit U4 modulation equally, delivers to signal coupling circuit 1 through OUT.Resistance R 24, R2 5, R26, R29, R30 and crystal X4 among the figure, capacitor C 29, C30, C31, C34, C35, C36 and BF2 are the peripheral circuit element of U4.The real time clock circuit peripheral cell that crystal X5, capacitor C 32, C33, battery BAT then contain for U4 is convenient to realize multiple rate prepayment meter design.

Fig. 6 is the circuit theory diagrams that alarm condition shows in control module 3 and the meter degree display 5.Relay K J action is deciphered, latched and drive to control signal by P3.x output through U5 (BH3024) and resistance R 35, R36, R31.Resistance R 32, R33, R34 and light emitting diode D8 have formed a three-state (bright, flicker, dark) display.

Fig. 7 is the pulse input circuit schematic diagram that data storage circuitry 4 and sampling metering module 6 arrive carrier module 2.Data storage circuitry 4 is made up of U7 (X25045), resistance R 38.Sampling metering module 6 is made up of U6 and resistance R 37 to the pulse input circuit of carrier module 2, and metrical pulse is imported by CF0, CF1.

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of being made of data storage circuitry 4 ferroelectric memory U8 (FM25040) and resistance R 39.Capacitor C 39, C40, crystal X7 form the clock circuit of one-chip computer MCU among the figure.

Fig. 9 is the schematic diagram of the data storage circuitry 4 of use one-chip computer serial communication interface RXD, TXD and ferroelectric memory U8 formation.

Figure 10 is for using one-chip computer I ²The C bus interface, the schematic diagram of the data storage circuitry of forming with ferroelectric memory U9 (FM24C04) and resistance R 40, R41 4.

One-chip computer MCU can be a MCS-51 series, also can be PIC series or other any a one-chip computer.Also can form by digital signal processor DSP.Intelligent treatment programs such as above-mentioned communication computing and control all are solidificated in the program storage of microcontroller system MCU.

In sum, selecting a kind of in the special-purpose electric energy meter chips such as AD7755, BL0932, BL0955 or CS5460 for use, is that core devices is formed sampling metering module 6 with it; Selecting for use the gear register to add a kind of in LED light, LED charactron or the LCD charactron, is core devices and in conjunction with alarm condition display part circuit composition degree display 5 among Fig. 6 in it; Select for use a kind of scheme among Fig. 7, Fig. 8, Fig. 9 or Figure 10 to form data storage circuitry 4; Form control module 3 according to Fig. 6 circuit; Select for use a kind of scheme among Fig. 3, Fig. 4 or Fig. 5 to form carrier module 2; Form signal coupling circuit 1 according to the circuit that Fig. 2 represents; Select a kind of in digital signal processor DSP or any a one-chip computers such as MCS-51 series, PIC series for use, form the MCU in the carrier module [2], Intelligent treatment programs such as above-mentioned communication computing and control all are solidificated in the program storage of MCU.Above-mentioned each module, circuit and power module 7 according to shown in Figure 1 be assembled on the printed circuit board or thick film circuit in, and be assembled in the watchcase through verification, have good luck promptly to accuse and finish.

The carrier system prepayment meter according to traditional electric energy epiphase with method insert each user porch that powers.Carrier module is gathered the increment information of user power utilization in real time, and every increase 1KWh just and purchase electric data relatively and calculate remaining sum; Reduce to below the setting value when purchasing electric data remaining sum, carrier module sends sound, light warning and prompting and purchases electric data remaining sum; When purchasing electric data remaining sum and reduce to 0, the outage of carrier module operational relay; When the user hands over money to purchase electricity once more, repeat said process, carrier module detects purchased electric data remaining sum greater than 0 o'clock, the operational relay energising.

Claims

1, a kind of carrier system prepayment meter is characterized in that entering power line carrier module [2] from the carrier signal that line of electric force [L, N] comes by signal coupling circuit [1]; The break-make control signal input control module [3] that carrier module [2] obtains by signal demodulation, interpretation exclusive disjunction is implemented break-make control by relay power output contact to the phase line LO for user's power supply; The user that carrier module [2] receives from carrier signal purchases electric data, all be transferred to data storage circuitry [4] from the user power utilization data that collect of sampling metering module [6] preserves; Meter degree display [5] receives the next user power utilization data of sampling metering module [6] and the next alarm condition information of carrier module [2] is shown; Power module [7] provides each functional module power supply; Carrier module [2] receives the order of checking meter when maybe needing to return confirmation from carrier signal, just from data storage circuitry [4], read the user and purchase electric data or real-time meter reading data, send on the line of electric force [L, N] by signal coupling circuit [1] through after the carrier modulation.

2, carrier system prepayment meter according to claim 1 is characterized in that the electric data of purchasing of user are to send to the carrier module [2] of user's electric energy meter by the carrier signal that line of electric force [L, N] comes; After user's electric energy meter carrier module [2] receives that this purchases electrical data signal breath, one-chip computer interpretation immediately in the module, store into when purchasing electric data storage circuitry [4] purchasing the form of electric data, will receive that the affirmation information of purchasing electric data passes the sale of electricity computing machine of checking meter back by line of electric force [L, N] carrier wave and check with regulation.

3, carrier system prepayment meter according to claim 1 is characterized in that said user purchases electric data for repeatedly purchasing the summation of electric data, and the storing value that user's electric energy meter is purchased in the electric data storage circuitry [4] is consistent with the transmission value of the sale of electricity computing machine of checking meter; After the sale of electricity computing machine of checking meter had sent the electric data of purchasing of user, if can not receive return message, return data of perhaps receiving and transmission value were different, thought that then this time communication makes mistakes, and just can retransmit automatically till sending successfully.

4, carrier system prepayment meter according to claim 1 is characterized in that said power line carrier module [2] is made up of for core devices the special-purpose spread spectrum communication integrated circuit of power line carrier [PL2000A] or [PL2000B] or [PL2101].

5, carrier system prepayment meter according to claim 1, it is characterized in that said control module [3] by one decipher, latch, drive integrated circult [BH3024] and three resistance [R35, R36, R31] and a magnetic latching relay [KJ] form; One end of resistance [R35, R36] connects two control output ends [P3.x] respectively, and the other end is then received A, the B end of [BH3024].Resistance [R31] and [QA] and [QB] end of receiving [BH3024] after the control coil of magnetic latching relay [KJ] is in parallel.

6, carrier system prepayment meter according to claim 1, it is characterized in that in the said meter degree display [5], the alarm condition display circuit by [LED] pilot lamp and three resistance form that three-state is bright, flicker, dark display, the anode of [LED] pilot lamp connects respectively+5V and two resistance, the other end of two resistance connects two control output ends of single-chip microcomputer respectively, the negative electrode of [LED] pilot lamp connects another resistance, and the other end of this resistance is connected to one of two control output ends of single-chip microcomputer.

7, carrier system prepayment meter according to claim 1 is characterized in that the said electric data storage circuitry [4] of purchasing is made up of [EEPROM] device.

8, carrier system prepayment meter according to claim 1 is characterized in that the said electric data storage circuitry [4] of purchasing is made up of ferroelectric memory [FRAM] device.

9, carrier system prepayment meter according to claim 1 is characterized in that the said electric data storage circuitry [4] of purchasing is to use ferroelectric memory [FM25040] to form.

10, carrier system prepayment meter according to claim 1 is characterized in that said [I2C] bus interface that electric data storage circuitry [4] is to use microcontroller system of purchasing, and forms with ferroelectric memory [FM24C04].