CN2677377Y - Biological gasification furnace - Google Patents
Biological gasification furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN2677377Y CN2677377Y CN 200420024372 CN200420024372U CN2677377Y CN 2677377 Y CN2677377 Y CN 2677377Y CN 200420024372 CN200420024372 CN 200420024372 CN 200420024372 U CN200420024372 U CN 200420024372U CN 2677377 Y CN2677377 Y CN 2677377Y
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Abstract
The utility model relates to an energy equipment of a biomass/coal mixed gasification furnace of simple arts, and the gasification furnace can produce rich gas without tar product. The gasification furnace takes biomass and coals as the raw materials for gasification. A fluidized gasification furnace works discontinuously by air supply burning and steam supply gasification. At the period of the air supply burning, coals and air are supplied into the gasification furnace, so that the coals in the gasification furnace can be burnt under a fluidized state, and can output heats; at the period of the steam supply gasification, steam and biomass are supplied into the gasification furnace, so that a high-temperature carbon layer can produce a water gas reaction under the fluidized state, and the biomass can produce the reactions of dry-distillation, pyrolysis and gasification, and the produced rich gas can enter into a gas purification system after cooling and dedusting processings. The utility model outstands the advantages that biomass has higher volatile components and fewer fixed carbons, and is easy to be dry-distilled and pyrolyzed by high temperature; whereas coals have higher fixed carbons and higher ash fusion point, and is easy to be burnt into a high-temperature material layer. Rich gas without tar can be produced by the organic fusion of biomass and coals.
Description
Affiliated technical field
The utility model relates to energy device, refers in particular to a kind of biomass gasifying furnace that changes into high performance fuel gas that biomass and coal are mixed.
Background technology
Biomass energy is a kind of extensive existence, the energy that utilizes of people widely, biomass and coal facies ratio, and energy density is low, and ash oontent is few, the volatile phenol content height, importantly macromolecule carbon oxyhydroxide deposits yields is many, and promptly tar output is many.Produce tar content as gasifying stalk and reach 20g/NM
3Therefore, the mobile temperature field that reaches of gas-solid all needs to rearrange in the feed mechanism of conventional vapourizing furnace and the bed.All the sand material of certain particle size is inserted in the stove as domestic biomass fluidized bed gasification furnace, be heated to 700 ℃～800 ℃, form stable bed, then biomass are joined in the stove, and mix with the sand material, under this state, bubbling air, make biomass under this temperature, generate the low heat value air gas that contains tar, then tar separation is just obtained clean low-heat value gas.USDOE organization development recently the two device fluidized-bed gasification furnaces of a kind of biomass, biomass are mixed with hot sand in pyrolytic gasification stove and are finished pyrolysis, the output high heating value gas, carbon containing flying dust and sand are mixed into the heating that sand is finished in the roasting kiln burning simultaneously, and hot sand returns and finishes circulation in the pyrolytic gasification stove.The method of the two devices of this biomass of the U.S. has improved the calorific value of coal gas, also has tar to handle problems but increased in the complicacy of operation and the production process.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this utility model provides a kind of no tar and produces, and technology is simple, can produce the biomass and the coal blended biomass gasifying furnace of high heating value gas.
The purpose of this utility model is achieved in that
Device is divided into fluidized-bed gasification furnace body (1), flue gas system, coal gas system, air feed system, vapor system, wherein fluidized-bed gasification furnace body (1) top is the garden tubular, the bottom is a back taper, body of heater is the steel plate structure of refractory liner, the body of heater bottom is sequentially with air distribution plate (20) and air compartment (21), blast inlet (22), ash-valve (17), fluidized-bed gasification furnace body (1) is provided with the feed bin (5,6) of two band screw feed mechanisms, and coal bunker (5) is located at body of heater reverse taper bottom; Biomass silo (6) is located at body of heater reverse taper top, and this feed bin top is provided with the agitator (18) that prevents that biological material from putting up a bridge, stopping up; The body of heater middle part is provided with 4 overfire air jets (19), around the uniform body of heater, be sequentially with the inertial separator (2) of the heat pipe of band longitudinal fin on the upper of furnace body outlet of still, vapor superheater (3) and cyclonic separator (4), and inertial separator (2) is provided with steam generator simultaneously, inertial separator (2) lower end links to each other with fluidized-bed gasification furnace body (1) through tremie pipe (23), the top outlet of cyclonic separator (4) is through reversing valve (15-1), (15-2) link to each other with flue gas system with coal gas system, flue gas system is by heat-pipe air preheater (11), sack cleaner (12), chimney (13) order is formed; Coal gas system is linked to each other and is formed by washing tower (9), gas holder (10) order; The air feed system of vapourizing furnace (1) is linked to each other and is formed by air passageways, air reversing valve (16-2) order of roots blower (14), heat-pipe air preheater (11); Vapor system by with the vaporizer of inertial separator (2), the buffering gas bag (24) that incinerator (7) links to each other respectively, link to each other vapor superheater (3), steam reversing valve (16-1) of order forms again.
Biomass silo (6) can be located at furnace roof for the high biomass of moisture in addition, lay the through body of heater extension mouth of tremie pipe with holes in order to drying along inner furnace wall.
Its working process is:
At first the feed coal of 0-10mm is sent in the fluidized-bed gasification furnace body (1) by self-conveyor feed (5) from feed bin, at the air feed combustion phases, air is sent into heat-pipe air preheater (11) by roots blower (14) and is entered air compartment (21) through air reversing valve (16-2), enter vapourizing furnace (1) through air distribution plate (20), coal is burnt under fluidized state, bed temperature raises rapidly, at this moment be located at the air that the nozzle (19) in the stove sprays, carbon containing flying dust and the inflammable gas carried secretly are further burnt, at this moment 950 ℃～1000 ℃ the high-temperature flue gas of Chan Shenging is separated part carbon containing flying dust after tremie pipe (23) returns in the fluidized-bed gasification furnace body (1) rekindles through the inertial separator (2) of band vaporizer by outlet of still, first dust separating flue gas enters cyclonic separator (4) through vapor superheater (3), flue-gas temperature after the separation is reduced to 400 ℃, enter heat-pipe air preheater (11) with preheating of air to 250 ℃ through flue gas reversing valve (15-2), and enter sack cleaner (12) behind the flue gas cool-down to 200 ℃, make the dustiness in the flue gas reach emission standard, enter atmosphere through chimney (13) again; Carbon containing dust under cyclonic separator (4) separates is sent into further after-flame in the incinerator (7); Send into buffering gas bag (24) by the water vapour of inertial separator (2) and incinerator (7) generation and do vaporized chemical and outer confession for vapourizing furnace (1); (actual temp is decided according to the ash fusion point of coal) stops air feed when bed temperature is raised to 950 ℃-1000 ℃, vapourizing furnace (1) enters for the steam gasifying stage, air reversing valve this moment (16-2) is closed, steam reversing valve (16-1) is opened, flue gas reversing valve (15-2) cuts out, coal gas reversing valve (15-1) is opened, at this moment from the next superheated vapo(u)r of vapor superheater (3) transmission, enter air compartment (21) through steam reversing valve (16-1) and enter vapourizing furnace (1) through air distribution plate (20), water-gas reaction takes place in the high temperature carbon-coating in the vapourizing furnace (coal and biomass coke) fluidized gasification under the effect of water vapour; Meanwhile, begin through self-conveyor feed in combustion phases latter stage or gasifying stage, the biomass that add, under high temperature reduction atmosphere more than 950 ℃, carry out the reaction of destructive distillation pyrolytic gasification, the water-gas that pyrolysis coal gas that biomass produce and coke layer generate is mixed into high heating value gas, inertial separator (2) through the band vaporizer, vapor superheater (3), cyclonic separator (4) cooling dedusting is after coal gas reversing valve (15-1) enters gas cleaning system, sending into gas holder (10) after washing tower (9) washing uses for the user, and the carbon containing dust under being separated by inertial separator (2) rekindles in tremie pipe (23) returns vapourizing furnace (1) and gasifies; Carbon containing dust under cyclonic separator (4) separates is sent to incinerator (7) burning and produces water vapour; Water-gas reaction and the reaction of destructive distillation pyrolytic gasification are strong endothermic reactions, and along with the carrying out of reaction, material layer temperature descends gradually, and when furnace temperature dropped to 900 ℃, steam reversing valve (16-1) and coal gas reversing valve (15-1) were closed; Air reversing valve (16-2) and flue gas reversing valve (15-2) are opened, vapourizing furnace (1) enters the air feed combustion phases again, the vapourizing furnace air feed burns and supplies steam gasification alternately back and forth carrying out work like this, with biomass and coal is the raw material production high heating value gas, all setting is carried out automatically according to temperature in the conversion of all valves, the lime-ash of vapourizing furnace is discharged through residual cake valve (17), and lime-ash send incinerator (7) further to burnout.
Reinforced mode also can adopt at the air feed combustion phases with for the steam gasifying stage, adds coal and biomass simultaneously.
The utility model compared with prior art has following outstanding advantage.
(1) biomass and coal mixing gasifying, no matter from physicals and gasification performance, two kinds of materials all have complementarity.Particularly adopt the advantage of having given prominence to two kinds of materials behind burning of fluidized-bed air feed and the confession steam gasification technology, biomass volatile matter height, fixed carbon is few, be easy to the high temperature carbonization pyrolysis, and coal fixed carbon height, the ash fusion point height is easy to burning and forms high warm material layer, the two organically merges the fuel gas that can produce the high heating value that does not contain tar, and its using value is very high.
2. feedstock production is simple, the source is abundant: coal can use 0～10mm hard coal, sub-bituminous coal, meager coal, long-flame coal, brown coal etc., and coal distributes extensively in China, reserves are abundant, and biomass do not need go-no-go, easy to process, large in number and widely distributed, but energy density is low, is difficult for extensive concentrating and uses, this invention suits to set up source of the gas factory in the cities and towns, center, both solve biomass and effectively utilized, can improve the ecological environment again, improved resident's quality of life.
3. caloric power of gas meets national town gas standard.Coal gas is easy to be incorporated into the power networks, kitchen range are easy to stdn.
4. production and supply of the present utility model are reliable and secure, because the biomass supply is subjected to season, climatic influences bigger.It is unbalance supply and demand to occur, because the utility model is biomass and coal mixing gasifying, biomass and coal are gone into the ratio of stove and can be adjusted at any time, with the supply of adapted biomass.
5. whole process of production, all automated operations.Carry out the conversion in two stages by temperature, simple to operate, gas composition is stable.
Elaborate below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a working process synoptic diagram of the present utility model
The structural representation of the embodiment 1 of Fig. 2 fluidized-bed gasification furnace body of the present utility model
The structural representation of the embodiment 2 of Fig. 3 fluidized-bed gasification furnace body of the present utility model
1 fluidized gasification furnace body, 2 inertia separators, 3 vapor superheaters, 4 cyclone separators 5 are with the coal bunker 6 of the screw feed mechanism biomass silo 7 incinerators 8 incinerator coal bunkers 9 scrubbing towers 10 gas holders 11 heat-pipe air preheaters 12 sack cleaners 13 chimneys 14 roots blower 15-1 coal gas reversal valve 15-2 fume reversing valve 16-1 steam reversal valve 16-2 air reversing valves 17 ash-valves 18 agitators 19 nozzles 20 air distribution plates 21 air compartments 22 air inlets 23 tremie pipes 24 buffering gas bags with screw feed mechanism
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, device is divided into fluidized-bed gasification furnace body (1), flue gas system, coal gas system, air feed system, vapor system, wherein fluidized-bed gasification furnace body (1) top is the garden tubular, the bottom is a back taper, body of heater is the steel plate structure of refractory liner, the body of heater bottom is sequentially with air distribution plate (20) and air compartment (21), blast inlet (22), ash-valve (17), and vapourizing furnace (1) is provided with the feed bins (5,6) of two band screw feed mechanisms, and coal bunker (5) is located at body of heater reverse taper bottom; Biomass silo (6) is located at body of heater reverse taper top, and this feed bin top is provided with the agitator (18) that prevents that biological material from putting up a bridge, stopping up; The body of heater middle part is provided with 4 overfire air jets (19), around the uniform body of heater, be sequentially with the inertial separator (2) of the heat pipe of band longitudinal fin on the upper of furnace body outlet of still, vapor superheater (3) and cyclonic separator (4), and inertial separator (2) is provided with steam generator simultaneously, inertial separator (2) lower end links to each other with fluidized-bed gasification furnace body (1) through tremie pipe (23), the top outlet of cyclonic separator (4) is through reversing valve (15-1), (15-2) link to each other with flue gas system with coal gas system, flue gas system is by heat-pipe air preheater (11), sack cleaner (12), chimney (13) order is formed; Coal gas system is linked to each other and is formed by washing tower (9), gas holder (10) order; The air feed system of vapourizing furnace (1) is linked to each other and is formed by air passageways, air reversing valve (16-2) order of roots blower (14), heat-pipe air preheater (11); Vapor system by with the vaporizer of inertial separator (2), the buffering gas bag (24) that incinerator (7) links to each other respectively, link to each other vapor superheater (3), steam reversing valve (16-1) of order forms again.
As shown in Figure 3, the biomass high for moisture can be located at furnace roof with biomass silo (6), lay the through body of heater extension mouth of tremie pipe with holes in order to drying along inner furnace wall.
Concrete working process is as follows:
Fluidized-bed gasification furnace adopts the discontinuous operation method, and whole process is divided into the air feed burning and gasifies two stages for steam.With wood chip or rice husk is gasified raw material, granularity＜10mm does not need go-no-go, fragmentation, and the fine coal of 0～10mm is respectively charged in feed bin (6), (5), feed coal is sent in the vapourizing furnace (1) by self-conveyor feed from the coal bunker (5) of band screw feed mechanism, at the air process heat pipe preheater (11) of air feed combustion phases from roots blower (14), air reversing valve (16-2), enter vapourizing furnace (1) by air compartment (21) through air distribution plate (20), the coal of vapourizing furnace (1) is burnt under fluidized state, and bed temperature raises rapidly.At this moment be located at the air that the overfire air jet (19) in the stove sprays, flying dust and inflammable gas are further burnt, at this moment 950 ℃ of high-temperature flue gas of Chan Shenging by outlet of still through inertial separator (2), carbon containing dust separation with 60% is after tremie pipe (23) cooling dedusting is returned in the stove rekindles, first dust separating flue gas is through vapor superheater (3), cyclonic separator (4), the carbon containing dust under separating is sent into incinerator (7) and is further burnouted.The flue gas that temperature is reduced to after separating below 400 ℃ enters into air preheater (11) through flue gas reversing valve (15-2), with preheating of air to 250 ℃, enter sack cleaner (12) behind the flue gas cool-down to 200 ℃, make the dustiness in the flue gas reach emission standard after chimney (13) enters atmosphere.The water vapour that inertial separator (2) and incinerator (7) produce is sent into buffering gas bag (24), does vaporized chemical and outer the confession for vapourizing furnace.(actual temp when the bed temperature of vapourizing furnace is raised to 950 ℃～1000 ℃, ash fusion point according to coal is set), stop air feed, vapourizing furnace enters for the steam gasifying stage, air reversing valve (16-2) is closed, steam reversing valve (16-1) is opened, meanwhile flue gas reversing valve (15-2) cuts out, coal gas reversing valve (15-1) is opened, at this moment from 350 ℃ of superheated vapo(u)rs of vapor superheater (3) through steam reversing valve (16-1), enter air compartment (21) by blast inlet (22) and enter vapourizing furnace through air distribution plate (20), water-gas reaction takes place in the high temperature carbon-coating in the vapourizing furnace (coal and biomass coke) fluidized gasification under the water vapour effect; Meanwhile, in combustion phases latter stage or gasifying stage initial stage, the biomass in biomass silo (6) the adding stove of band screw feed mechanism under high temperature reduction atmosphere more than 950 ℃, are carried out the reaction of destructive distillation pyrolytic gasification.The water-gas that pyrolysis coal gas that biomass produce and coke layer generate is mixed into high heating value gas and enters coal gas system through inertial separator (2), vapor superheater (3), cyclonic separator (4), coal gas reversing valve (15-1), after washing tower (9) washing, send into gas holder (10), use for the user.Carbon containing dust under being separated by inertial separator (2) rekindles in tremie pipe (23) returns vapourizing furnace (1) and gasifies.Carbon containing dust under cyclonic separator (4) separates is sent to incinerator (7) burning and produces water vapour.Water-gas reaction and the reaction of destructive distillation pyrolysis gasification are strong endothermic reactions, and along with the carrying out of reaction, material layer temperature descends gradually, and temperature drops to 900 ℃ in stove, because the speed of gasification reaction and coke tar cracking reaction is slowed down.At this moment, steam reversing valve (16-1) and coal gas reversing valve (15-1) are closed; Air reversing valve (16-2) and flue gas reversing valve (15-2) are opened, and vapourizing furnace (1) enters the air feed combustion phases again.The vapourizing furnace air feed burns and alternately back and forth carries out work for the steam gasifying stage like this, is the raw material production high heating value gas with biomass and coal.All setting is carried out automatically according to temperature in the conversion of all valves.Operation is very easy.The lime-ash of vapourizing furnace is discharged through residual cake valve 17.The lime-ash discharge capacity is few, carbon content is low, generally no longer utilizes, and can send incinerator further to burnout.
The typical gas composition of vapourizing furnace is: H
250～55%, CO:15～20%, CO
210～12%, CH
49～18%, CHnHm 1.5～2.5%, O
2＜0.4%, N
23～5%.
Coal gas low heat value: 12.6MJ～16.6MJ/Nm
3
Above-mentioned embodiment only is used to illustrate technical solutions of the utility model, and is not limited.
Claims (2)
1. biomass gasifying furnace, it is characterized in that device is divided into fluidized-bed gasification furnace (1), flue gas system, coal gas system, air feed system, vapor system, wherein fluidized-bed gasification furnace (1) top is the garden tubular, the bottom is a back taper, body of heater is the steel plate structure of refractory liner, the body of heater bottom is sequentially with air distribution plate (20) and air compartment (21), blast inlet (22), ash-valve (17), vapourizing furnace (1) is provided with the feed bin (5,6) of two band screw feed mechanisms, and coal bunker (5) is located at body of heater reverse taper bottom; Biomass silo (6) is located at body of heater reverse taper top, and this feed bin top is provided with the agitator (18) that prevents that biological material from putting up a bridge, stopping up; The body of heater middle part is provided with 4 overfire air jets (19), around the uniform body of heater, be sequentially with the inertial separator (2) of the heat pipe of band longitudinal fin on the upper of furnace body outlet of still, vapor superheater (3) and cyclonic separator (4), and inertial separator (2) is provided with steam generator simultaneously, inertial separator (2) lower end links to each other with fluidized-bed gasification furnace (1) through tremie pipe (23), the top outlet of cyclonic separator (4) is through reversing valve (15-1), (15-2) link to each other with flue gas system with coal gas system, flue gas system is by heat-pipe air preheater (11), sack cleaner (12), chimney (13) order is formed; Coal gas system is linked to each other and is formed by washing tower (9), gas holder (10) order; The air feed system of vapourizing furnace (1) is linked to each other and is formed by air passageways, air reversing valve (16-2) order of roots blower (14), heat-pipe air preheater (11); Vapor system by with the vaporizer of inertial separator (2), the buffering gas bag (24) that incinerator (7) links to each other respectively, link to each other vapor superheater (3), steam reversing valve (16-1) of order forms again.
2. biomass gasifying furnace according to claim 1 is characterized in that for the high biomass of moisture biomass silo (6) being located at furnace roof, lays the through body of heater extension mouth of tremie pipe with holes in order to drying along inner furnace wall.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200420024372 CN2677377Y (en) | 2004-01-18 | 2004-01-18 | Biological gasification furnace |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200420024372 CN2677377Y (en) | 2004-01-18 | 2004-01-18 | Biological gasification furnace |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN2677377Y true CN2677377Y (en) | 2005-02-09 |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2008014645A1 (en) * | 2006-07-24 | 2008-02-07 | Yuzhi Wang | An environment protection and energy source recovery type waste treatment equipment |
| CN100410352C (en) * | 2006-04-21 | 2008-08-13 | 江苏大学 | Process and equipment for co-gasification of biomass and coal |
| CN101475814A (en) * | 2009-01-20 | 2009-07-08 | 广州市宇联机电有限公司 | Multi-directional air distribution fixed bed biomass gasification stoves |
| CN101581451B (en) * | 2008-05-12 | 2011-11-09 | 华北电力大学 | Heat processing technology and heat processing device for realizing near-zero discharge of domestic garbage |
| CN102277201A (en) * | 2011-07-05 | 2011-12-14 | 舒克孝 | Method for preparing water gas by intermittent gasification of pulverized coal |
| CN101251265B (en) * | 2008-02-27 | 2012-07-11 | 广州市宇联机电有限公司 | Biomass gasification stoves with multiple feed inlet |
| CN102679381A (en) * | 2012-05-30 | 2012-09-19 | 郭丰亮 | Biomass burner fire outlet with dedusting device |
| CN102703122A (en) * | 2012-05-29 | 2012-10-03 | 山东长泰机械制造有限公司 | Biomass gasification unit |
-
2004
- 2004-01-18 CN CN 200420024372 patent/CN2677377Y/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100410352C (en) * | 2006-04-21 | 2008-08-13 | 江苏大学 | Process and equipment for co-gasification of biomass and coal |
| WO2008014645A1 (en) * | 2006-07-24 | 2008-02-07 | Yuzhi Wang | An environment protection and energy source recovery type waste treatment equipment |
| CN101251265B (en) * | 2008-02-27 | 2012-07-11 | 广州市宇联机电有限公司 | Biomass gasification stoves with multiple feed inlet |
| CN101581451B (en) * | 2008-05-12 | 2011-11-09 | 华北电力大学 | Heat processing technology and heat processing device for realizing near-zero discharge of domestic garbage |
| CN101475814A (en) * | 2009-01-20 | 2009-07-08 | 广州市宇联机电有限公司 | Multi-directional air distribution fixed bed biomass gasification stoves |
| CN101475814B (en) * | 2009-01-20 | 2013-11-06 | 广州市宇联机电有限公司 | Multi-directional air distribution fixed bed biomass gasification stoves |
| CN102277201A (en) * | 2011-07-05 | 2011-12-14 | 舒克孝 | Method for preparing water gas by intermittent gasification of pulverized coal |
| CN102703122A (en) * | 2012-05-29 | 2012-10-03 | 山东长泰机械制造有限公司 | Biomass gasification unit |
| CN102679381A (en) * | 2012-05-30 | 2012-09-19 | 郭丰亮 | Biomass burner fire outlet with dedusting device |
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