CN2663986Y - An intelligent type monitoring device for train wheel assembly operating state - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses an intelligent monitoring device for train wheel assembly operating state, which comprises a plurality of sensors arranged at each measuring point of a wheel pair and a data collection system. The utility model is connected in series with a train state monitoring and fault diagnosis core by a separation type CAN type bus, thereby realizing the network monitoring and fault diagnosis for operating state of train. The proposal of supply power by common cable and building data platform by CAN field bus solves the problem of weak anti-interference capability and bad working reliability of the prior system. The utility model has the advantages of a reasonable structure, intelligent measurement, high operation reliability, strong anti-vibration and anti-interference capability and high converting precision, therefore, the bus type network intelligent sensor art and device is fit for online monitoring, fault diagnosis, signal extraction and data collection and transmission for state of wheel pair in bad working conditions and complex interference signal for train.

Description

A kind of intelligent monitoring device that is used for Train Wheel to running status

Technical field

The utility model relates to a kind of railroad train intelligent monitoring device, particularly Train Wheel is carried out the intelligent monitoring device of networked monitoring and fault diagnosis to running status.

Background technology

Existing Train Wheel is in the condition monitoring and failure diagnosis system, comprise and use several sensors and data acquisition unit that Train Wheel is carried out monitoring and fault diagnosis to state, generally speaking, the transmission range between sensor and the data acquisition unit is far away, often surpasses several meters even reach tens meters.And the train operation environment is generally all poor, and motor, consumers such as fairing can produce strong electromagnetic interference (EMI), the high frequency electric source line also has the power frequency of 50Hz to be disturbed, common ground impedance between measuring system and each element circuit also can produce serious disturbance, above-mentioned interference source all can produce bigger interference to electronic apparatus system, if between right sensor of Train Wheel and data acquisition unit, adopt long line transmission of analogue signal, then no matter be the bipolar voltage signal, current signal, frequency signal after the voltage-frequency conversion, still the simulating signal after photoelectricity is isolated, all be subjected to the interference of external electromagnetic ripple easily, and because transmission line is long, the loss on the circuit is then inevitable; So just be difficult to guarantee to transmit precision.In addition, Train Wheel has a plurality of data collection points to supervisory system itself, as being example with the DF4B diesel locomotive, it has two bogies, 4 wheels are right, generally need 32 measurement points, because the collection point is many, frequency acquisition is higher, and system requires high especially to the accuracy of data transmission, the real-time of alert data, if all sensors is directly received the monitoring and fault diagnosis of a upper state and is responsible on the main frame of data storage and record, can be difficult to meet the requirements of effect, and the complex structure of system, cost are also higher.Therefore, how to make the right sensor signal of Train Wheel can carry out long-distance transmissions accurately and reliably, the railroad train running status is carried out the on-line intelligence network monitor in realization and fault diagnosis is a urgent problem in the development of modern railways technology high-speed.

Summary of the invention

At above-mentioned situation, the purpose of this utility model is to provide that a kind of antijamming capability is strong, conversion accuracy is high, information extraction is reliable and stable, can carries out the intelligent monitoring device of online networked monitoring and fault diagnosis to Train Wheel to running status.

For solving above-mentioned task, a kind of intelligent monitoring device that is used for Train Wheel to running status of the present utility model, comprise several sensors, data acquisition system (DAS) and the CAN of isolated form controller local area network (Controller Area Network) bus, wherein, sensor is separately positioned on each right measuring point of wheel, be connected with data acquisition system (DAS), and be connected in series in train status monitoring and fault diagnosis main frame and realize that Train Wheel is carried out networking to running status monitors and fault diagnosis by isolated form CAN bus.

In order to extract information such as each right vibration of wheel in the train operation state, impact, temperature, speed effectively and accurately, its further step is: sensor CH ₁, CH ₂, CH ₃, CH ₄, CH ₅, CH ₆Be arranged on wheel right wheel hub, wheel shaft place, sensor CH ₇Be arranged on the gear case place, sensor CH ₈Be arranged on the motor place.Sensor is vibration and temperature integrated transducer, two kinds of this sensor component voltage output type sensor and current-output type sensors, voltage output type sensor is made up of shearing-type piezoelectric acceleration sensor YDP, digital temperature sensor IC2, integrated single supply instrument amplifier IC1 and resistance capacitance, and the current-output type sensor then is made up of piezoelectric acceleration sensor YDP, digital temperature sensor IC2, integrated single supply instrument amplifier IC1, amplifier IC3 and resistance capacitance.

In order effectively to extract the multiple information of Train Wheel to running status, make data acquisition system (DAS) possess the ability of the multiple useful signal of overall treatment, its measure of further taking is the following multiple circuit of integrated use and functional module and connection: data acquisition system (DAS) comprises the channel selection circuit of being made up of the multi-channel data selector of multiway analog switch, complex logic programming device CPLD realization; Combined type differential input current/voltage conversion circuit of forming by amplifier IC6 and resistance; Select and the program control filtering circuit by the coupling scheme that 0.5Hz Hi-pass filter, numerical control universal filter IC9, virtual earth generator IC11, analog switch and complex logic programming device CPLD form; Select circuit by the integration that amplifier IC22, analog switch IC21 and resistance capacitance are formed; The envelope demodulation circuit of forming by amplifier IC12, analog switch IC8, diode and resistance capacitance; By the oval low-pass filter IC13 in 8 rank, analog switch IC14, IC15, anti-aliasing filtering and anti-resonance circuit that amplifier IC12A and resistance capacitance are formed; By amplifier IC16, IC17, IC22A and resistance, analog switch IC18, the auto-scaling that embedded A/D converter of central processor CPU and CPLD form amplifies and the A/D change-over circuit; By P8XC591 single-chip microcomputer, CPLD, RAM, E ²CPU and peripheral circuit thereof that ROM forms.

In order to realize common cable network power supply, isolated form CAN bus is by the embedded bus controller IC2 of CPU, CAN bus transceiver IC1, and high speed photo coupling IC19, IC20, diode D1, D2 and resistance capacitance are formed.

The utility model is owing to adopted three wide voltages inputs to isolate network power supply that effective inhibition that DC-DC microswitch power modules supply with numerical portion, simulation part, communications portion respectively disturbs and realized the scheme that the CAN fieldbus of the electrical isolation between transceiver and the controller is built data platform with high-speed photoelectric coupler, problems such as functional reliability difference have been solved a little less than the existing system antijamming capability.Make it to have characteristics such as rational in infrastructure, intelligent measure, operational reliability height, antivibration antijamming capability are strong, conversion accuracy height; Be applicable to network bus intelligent sensing technology and the device of the wheel of train work under bad environment, undesired signal complexity to state on_line monitoring and fault diagnosis and signal extraction, data acquisition and transmission.

The present invention is further detailed explanation below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the utility model structure and principle schematic.

Fig. 2 is the utility model sensor circuit schematic diagram.

Fig. 3 is the utility model channel selection circuit block diagram.

Fig. 4 is the utility model current/voltage-converted circuit theory diagrams.

Fig. 5 is that the utility model coupling scheme are selected and the program control filtering circuit block diagram.

Fig. 6 is that the utility model integration is selected circuit theory diagrams.

Fig. 7 is the utility model envelope demodulation circuit schematic diagram.

Fig. 8 is the utility model anti-aliasing filtering and anti-resonance circuit theory diagrams.

Fig. 9 is the utility model auto-scaling amplifying circuit schematic diagram.

Figure 10 is the utility model CAN field-bus interface and power circuit principle figure

Embodiment

Referring to accompanying drawing, a kind of intelligent monitoring device that is used for Train Wheel to running status of the present utility model, comprise several sensors, data acquisition system (DAS) and isolated form CAN bus, wherein, sensor is separately positioned on each right measuring point of wheel, be connected with data acquisition system (DAS), and be connected in series in train status monitoring and fault diagnosis main frame and realize that Train Wheel is carried out networking to running status monitors and fault diagnosis by isolated form CAN bus.

By accompanying drawing as seen, is example with Bearing of Railway Locomotive Wheel Set to the monitoring system of running status, hardware mainly contains sensor and data acquisition system (DAS) two parts, and isolated form CAN bus and other monitoring devices and locomotive state monitoring and fault diagnosis main frame are connected in series and form a locomotive running state monitoring network.This monitoring network is converted to digital signal to be unit with simulating signal is concentrated on the spot with wheel nearby, carries out data transmission by isolated form CAN bus; Hardware components mainly comprises sensor, channel selection circuit, current/voltage-converted circuit, coupling scheme selection circuit, program control filtering circuit, integration selection circuit, envelope demodulation circuit, anti-aliasing filtering and anti-resonance circuit, auto-scaling amplifying circuit, complex logic programming device CPLD, microprocessor CPU, dynamic memor RAM, electro erasible programmable memory E ²ROM, the CAN of controller local area network interface circuit and power circuit and peripheral circuit etc.

Eight sensor CH1～CH8 among Fig. 1 are installed in each right measurement point of wheel respectively, wherein sensor CH1, CH2 measuring wheel are to the running status of two bearings, rim and treads etc., sensor CH3, CH4 measure the duty of two bearings of motor, rotor, stator etc., sensor CH5, CH6 measure the duty of two axle hung bearings, the state of sensor CH7 prototype gear case, sensor CH8 are used to measure the spark of direct current generator or measure the working current of alternating current generator and the axial vibration of motor; Sensor CH1～CH7 is the vibration temperature integrated transducer, and sensor CH8 selects model, kind as required.

Fig. 2 is the utility model sensor circuit schematic diagram.Wherein, Fig. 2 (a) is voltage output type vibration temperature integrated transducer circuit theory diagrams, and Fig. 2 (b) is current-output type vibration temperature integrated transducer circuit theory diagrams.Piezoelectric sensor is one of main sensors that is used for ergometry, acceleration, impact, vibration, and it can have voltage and two kinds of outputs of electric charge, and its follow-up amplifying circuit correspondingly is divided into voltage amplification and electric charge amplifies two kinds.Train Wheel to monitoring running state and fault diagnosis system in, special construction because of this system, distance between sensor and the data acquisition unit often surpasses several meters even reach tens meters, cause the transmission line of its simulating signal longer, the transmission of long transmission line like this, there is the droop loss on the circuit inevitably, is difficult to guarantee to transmit precision; Simultaneously, transmission is interfered easily, and laser propagation effect is undesirable, and system can not be worked reliably; Therefore, how making the right sensor signal of Train Wheel carry out long-distance transmissions accurately and reliably, is a practical problems of being badly in need of solution really.Thus, the utility model adopts the voltage amplification mode that amplifying circuit is placed sensor internal, so being connected between piezoelectric element and the amplifying circuit is extremely short, therefore, Fig. 2 (a) is a voltage output type vibration temperature integrated transducer, because the mode that adopts voltage signal to transmit, be subjected to the interference of external electromagnetic ripple easily, and long because of transmission line, exist the droop loss on the circuit inevitably, so just be difficult to guarantee to transmit precision; So only be used for the use down of short distance, noiseless environment.Fig. 2 (b) is a current-output type vibration temperature integrated transducer, because the mode that adopts current signal to transmit be not vulnerable to the interference of external electromagnetic ripple, and the loss on the circuit is little, is applicable to the monitoring of Train Wheel to state.

Above-mentioned two kinds of sensors all adopt the transmission of four-core shielding line, are 0.1～199.9m/s by measurement range ²Shearing-type piezoelectric acceleration sensor YDP, IC1:AD620, measurement range is that-55 ℃～+ 125 ℃ digital temperature sensor IC2:DS18B20 and resistance, electric capacity are formed.The current-output type sensor of Fig. 2 (b) particularly, pick up the measuring point temperature signal by digital temperature sensor IC2:DS18B20, directly be converted to digital signal DQ transmission, vibration signal is picked up by shearing-type piezoelectric acceleration sensor YDP, IC1:AD620 mixes another amplifier IC3:AD705 and two resistance R 1 again, R2 can make an accurate current source, amplifier IC3 cushions to keep good CMR the IC1 reference edge, the output voltage of IC1 appears at the R2 two ends, R2 becomes electric current with voltage transitions, and this electric current is exactly the electric current of measuring-signal after deducting the input bias current of amplifier.

Fig. 3 is the utility model channel selection circuit block diagram.Data acquisition is core of the present utility model, and it is made up of sensor input interface and channel selection circuit, current/voltage-converted circuit, coupling scheme selection circuit, program control filtering circuit, integration selection circuit, envelope demodulation circuit, anti-aliasing filtering and anti-resonance circuit, auto-scaling amplification and A/D change-over circuit, CPU and peripheral circuit, CAN interface circuit and power circuit etc.Sensor input interface and channel selection circuit are as shown in drawings, the multi-channel data selector of being realized by plug connector, multiway analog switch and complex logic programming device CPLD constitutes, wherein the multiway analog switch analog vibration signal that is used to switch required sensor output send the current/voltage-converted circuit, and multi-channel data selector is used to select the temperature signal of respective sensor directly to send CPU sampling.

Fig. 4 is the utility model current/voltage-converted circuit theory diagrams.Shown in accompanying drawing, this circuit adopts special differential input current voltage transitions mode, constitute by three amplifier IC6C, IC6D, IC6A and resistance, under the control of CPLD, select whether to drop into, to adapt to electric current, two kinds of input modes of voltage by alternative analog switch DYA; Adopted the balanced, symmetrical structure, two single-ended input current voltage conversion circuit IC6C and R6, IC6D and R5 are together in series relatively, two inverting inputs are respectively as the positive and negative terminal of the differential input of oscillating current signal CHX, two output terminals join with the positive-negative input end of subtracter IC6A respectively, the in-phase end of amplifier IC6C and IC6D is connected together and connects with reference to ground, makes them can obtain the injection bias current from ground; Subtracter IC6A can make the differential mode voltage of IC6C, IC6D output amplify, and passes the common mode voltage of coming (comprising interference on the lead-in wire and the imbalance of IC6C, IC6D) from IC6C, IC6D and is inhibited.Under the situation of circuit symmetrical, make R5=R6=R _f, R9=R10=R _j, R7=R8=R _q, the open-loop voltage gain A of amplifier IC6C, IC6D _V01=A _V02=A _V0, the output voltage V in the accompanying drawing ₀With the relation of tested electric current can be by following relationship description: V ₀₁=-R _fI _i, V ₀₂=R _fI _i, V ₀=(V ₀₂-V ₀₁) R _q/ R _j=2I _iR _fR _q/ R _j, the electric current and voltage gain A of circuit _Vi=2R _fR _q/ R _j, input impedance R _i=2R _f/ A _V0In the formula, A _V0＞＞1, R _i＜＜1, transfer resistance R _fValue be electric current and voltage gain, be exactly that its input impedance is little to the basic demand of current-to-voltage converting circuit, to reduce influence to the measured signal source; Low like this input impedance and the gain of high electric current and voltage are favourable to conversion.In order to improve the sensitivity of conversion, strengthen the transfer resistance R in the current-to-voltage converting circuit _fBe necessary; But in traditional current-to-voltage converting circuit, this will cause the imbalance of circuit to increase, and antijamming capability descends; And in this differential input current voltage conversion circuit, imbalance and interference have been suppressed effectively, therefore strengthen transfer resistance R _fBe feasible.As seen, differential input current voltage conversion circuit of the present utility model has high-gain, high precision, low input impedance, low imbalance and anti-interference characteristics such as strong.

Fig. 5 is that the utility model coupling scheme are selected and the program control filtering circuit module figure.As shown in the figure, coupling scheme have interchange, two kinds of direct currents optional, and the 0.5Hz Hi-pass filter that constitutes through amplifier and resistance capacitance during AC coupling directly is communicated with during DC coupling, selects 1 analog switch IC21 to select by 2.The program control filtering circuit selects 1 analog switch IC10, CPLD and resistance capacitance to form by virtual earth generator IC11, the two second order universal switch electric capacity active filter IC9,4 of numerical control, and switched capacitor active filter IC9 has models such as MAX260, MAX261, MAX262 to select; Can realize under the control of central processor CPU and complex programmable logic device (CPLD) that various bands are logical, low pass, high pass, trap and all-pass wave filtering configuration, centre frequency f _o(0.4Hz～57KHz, 64 grades adjustable), quality factor q (128 grades adjustable) are at flex point place decay 5%, rate of decay 24dB/oct; The utility model selects 1 analog switch IC10 series connection to constitute a quadravalence universal switch electric capacity active filter by 4 two second order filters in the IC9, the envelope demodulation circuit of also utilizing two second order filters in the IC9 and back is used for the impact signal of reliable extraction monitoring component to realize program control electric resonance demodulation.It is to be used for the vibration and shock signal that the reliable extraction unit under test is distributed in each frequency range that this wave filter is set, and accurately suppresses and the irrelevant undesired signal of analysis.

Fig. 6 is that the utility model integration is selected circuit theory diagrams.Shown in accompanying drawing, it is speed rate over time that this integration is selected parameter such as frequency f that circuit relates to according to vibration, displacement s, speed v, acceleration alpha and acceleration, and speed is the displacement Changing Pattern of rate over time, so have:

Therefore, what no matter relate to is displacement, speed, or acceleration, and the form and the cycle of its vibration always remain unchanged, 90 ° of phase angles of the leading displacement of speed, and the leading 90 ° of phase angles of speed of acceleration.The utility model after integration is selected circuit, can adopt peak value S by the vibration acceleration signal of sensor extraction measurand _{The peak}, V _{The peak}, A _{The peak}As the characteristic quantity of describing magnitude of vibrations.Integration selects circuit to be made of two integral elements and analog switch, and 90 ° of phase angles of each integral element hysteresis select an analog switch and resistance capacitance to form by amplifier IC22, three.

Fig. 7 is the utility model envelope demodulation circuit schematic diagram.This circuit comprises envelope detection and low-pass filtering two parts; Envelope detection circuit is by amplifier IC12B, IC12C, and diode D4, D5 and resistance capacitance are formed, and its output voltage equals the absolute value of input voltage, i.e. V ₀=| V _i|; Low-pass filtering is a baud Butterworth second order active low-pass filter, is made up of amplifier IC12D and resistance capacitance, makes R20=R21=R, then cutoff frequency $f=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}\mathrm{\πR}{C}_{18}}=\frac{1}{2\sqrt{2}\mathrm{\πR}{C}_{19}},$ Rate of decay 12dB/oct; 2 select 1 analog switch to be used to switch the input of envelope demodulation circuit or withdraw from.The utility model utilizes two second-order bandpass filters in the IC9 to cooperate with envelope demodulation circuit, both can realize depending on the resonance and demodulation of a certain mechanical component, also can realize depending on the program control resonance and demodulation of electric resonance, help extracting complex structure, the right failure message of Train Wheel that undesired signal is numerous and diverse.

Fig. 8 is the utility model anti-aliasing filtering and anti-resonance circuit theory diagrams.This circuit is mainly by oval low-pass filter IC13 in 8 rank and programmable analog low-pass filter thereof, the alternative analog switch, and amplifier and resistance capacitance are formed.According to the requirement of Train Wheel to signal content, the cutoff frequency scope of anti alias filter is controlled at 10Hz～20kHz; In order to improve the frequency resolution of signal, the bandwidth that requires anti alias filter is variable; By 1,2,4,5 times of principle of taking advantage of, the 20kHz frequency range is divided into many grades of different bandwidths handles, circuit is complicated, gear shift is inconvenient if the general simulation low-pass filter of employing can make, volume is big, usefulness does not sound feasible.So selecting the oval low-pass filter IC13:MAX293 of 8 rank switching capacities to make anti alias filter, the utility model uses, 8 rank low-pass filters are suitable for making anti alias filter in theory, decay to the 160dB/10 frequency multiplication behind its cutoff frequency, as cutoff frequency is 1kHz, then arrive the 1.5kHz place, signal attenuation 80dB, near desirable low-pass filter, this is that characteristics by oval filtering are determined.But there is " resonance " phenomenon in this wave filter, promptly has the peak value of narrow bandpass shape at the frequency place of sample frequency and integral multiple thereof, and it has has highly met or exceeded the maximal value of front amplitude versus frequency characte flat; Be somebody's turn to do " high frequency interference " for elimination, after the MAX293 circuit, connect simulation low-pass filter; Yet no matter connecing step low-pass still is the quadravalence low-pass analog filter, its output still exists is somebody's turn to do " interference ", and amplitude does not have any reducing (there is not this phenomenon in simulation low-pass filter); Its reason occurs on the switching capacity with sampling element, remove " resonance ", needs the scope of restriction input signal, makes it less than sample frequency, and sample frequency and above high-frequency signal thereof are effectively excluded.Integrated switched capacitor wave filter MAX293 volume is little, exponent number is high, the decay edge is steep, it is very convenient to change passband width, therefore purposes is very extensive, the occasion that particularly measurement requirement is had different bandwidth in Train Wheel, its shortcoming is that itself has switching noise, especially has above-mentioned " resonance " phenomenon; Therefore in use, take measures necessary according to different requirements.The utility model utilizes aforesaid programmable filter IC9 that frequency input signal is controlled under the sample frequency, with independently operational amplifier and resistance, electric capacity constitute the second-order low-pass filter that cutoff frequency is 20KHz in the IC13:MAX293 chip, in order to leach the switching frequency of IC9, the different cutoff frequencys of MAX293 change sampling frequency signal fc by central processor CPU by complicated programmable logic device CPLD and obtain, behind the MAX293 wave filter, be connected to eight sections programmable analog low-pass filters that constitute by amplifier, analog switch and resistance capacitance.As the simulation low-pass filter of MAX293 in the accompanying drawing and front and back thereof together, form passband anti alias filter able to programme, eliminate " resonance " phenomenon with the low-pass filter able to programme before the MAX293 wave filter, second-order low-pass filter with the back is eliminated the caused noise of sampling frequency signal fc, and they can will foreclose corresponding to fc and above signal harmonic thereof.

Fig. 9 is that the utility model auto-scaling amplifies and A/D change-over circuit schematic diagram.This auto-scaling amplifies and the A/D change-over circuit comprises amplifier IC16, IC17, IC22A:TLC274 and resistance, 8 select 1 analog switch IC18:MAX4051 and extensive programmable integrated circuit IC3:ISP1032E, and 10 high-speed a/d converters including of microprocessor IC2.This circuit expands to 14 with 10 high-speed a/d conversions, the precision resistance of 8 equivalences is divided into 8 grades with 0～5V reference voltage, every grade of scope is 0.625V, 8 taps meet IC18:MAX4051 respectively, eight select 8 input ends of an analog switch and 7 input ends of operational amplifier IC16, IC17, IC18 channel selecting control end C, B, A are controlled according to the level of 7 output terminals of operational amplifier IC16, IC17 by extensive programmable integrated circuit IC3 respectively, the amplifier of IC17 constitutes follower, and IC22A constitutes accurate differential amplifier (Av=8).In order to satisfy the requirement of Train Wheel, only be that 10 single-chip microcomputer IC2:P87C591 can't finish by the A/D that embeds, and external high-resolution A/D not only makes cost obviously increase, and can make interface circuit more complicated the signal processing applications intermediate-resolution; Therefore, the utility model is by CPLD hardware Direct Sampling and improve the frequency of sampling, thereby 10 A/D in the IC2 sheet are brought up to 14.In order to reduce cost, improve the cost performance of single-chip microcomputer, 8 single-chip microcomputer P87C591 that select for use Philips company to release in this circuit derive from from 80C51 microcontroller family, it has adopted powerful 80C51 instruction set and has successfully comprised the PeliCAN function of Philips semiconductor SJA1000 CAN controller, complete static kernel provides the battery saving mode of expansion, vibration can stop and recovering and can obliterated data, and improved 1:1 internal clocking pre-divider is realized the 500ns instruction cycle when 12MHz external clock speed; This single-chip microcomputer includes 6 tunnel 10 high-speed a/ds, it is expanded to 14 after, the cost performance of scm application system is obviously promoted, and has also that price is low, encapsulation is little, adopt CMOS technology, the OTP type is arranged, expansion easily.Circuit theory after the expansion as shown in drawings, suppose that input voltage Vi is 3V, the digital quantity that 7 amplifiers output to CPLD is 0001111, output to IC18 channel selecting control end C through CPLD decoding, B, the digital quantity of A is 100, make IC18:MAX4051 output 2.5V, this voltage is followed through the IC17A amplifier, carrying out difference through IC22A again amplifies, adjust the resistance of R58～R60, making enlargement factor is 8, records amplifier IC22A output Vo=8 * (Vi-2.5)=8 * (3-2.5)=4.0V, selects the AD0 passage of CPU to carry out the A/D conversion, the result is 1100110010,13 A/D transformation results that Here it is low 10; Gear 100 is high 3 (being read in fixing address by the P0 mouth by CPU) of 13 A/D conversions, is exactly the result 1001100110010 of 13 A/D conversions altogether; Realize that 14 A/D conversion is 2 13 A/D by CPU and converts, because CPU carries out A/D conversion shortest times 25 μ s 1 time under the 12MHz oscillation frequency, 2 times A/D changes 50 μ s, satisfy the requirement of bandwidth 20KHz, so not only improved the resolution of A/D conversion, but also reduced random disturbance and the influence of impulse disturbances effectively measuring.

Figure 10 is the utility model CAN field-bus interface and power circuit principle figure.Shown in figure, isolated form CAN fieldbus is by the embedded bus controller IC2 of CPU, CAN bus transceiver IC1, and high speed photo coupling IC19, IC20, diode D1, D2 and resistance capacitance are formed; Has common cable network power supply function.CAN (Controller Area Network) is a controller local area network, is a kind of total digitalization, the two-way fieldbus of advocating peace more; CAN bus of the present utility model is 4 line systems cable power supply modes altogether, and signal wire adopts high-speed photoelectric coupler to isolate.Accompanying drawing is CAN field-bus interface and power circuit principle figure, and the CAN interface circuit is made of the built-in CAN communication controler of IC2, CAN bus transceiver IC1 and high-speed photoelectric coupler IC19, IC20; Meet the ISO11898 standard fully, bus transfer rate reaches as high as 1Mbit/s, transmission range can reach 10Km farthest, electromagnetic radiation (EME) is very low, the differential receiver of wide common mode range can anti-electromagnetic interference (EMI), at least can connect 110 nodes on the bus, be in not that the transceiver of power-up state is equivalent to zero load, have bus and wake (long-range) function up.In order to strengthen the antijamming capability of this sensor groups, isolate bus transceiver IC1 and communication controler IC2 by high-speed photoelectric coupler, realized the electrical isolation of each node on the bus; Two power supply POWER2 and POWER3 that optocoupler part is adopted must isolate fully, otherwise, adopt optocoupler also just to lose meaning; Though this has increased the complexity of node, but improved the stability and the security of node; Certain safety and interference protection measure have also been adopted in the interface section of IC1 and CAN bus, and two little electric capacity in parallel (C6, C7) between CANH and CANL and the ground can play the high frequency interference on the filtering bus and the ability of certain anti-electromagnetic radiation; Between two CAN bus incoming ends and ground respectively reversal connection a protection diode (D1, D2), when the CAN bus has higher negative voltage, can play certain overvoltage protection effect by the short circuit of diode.The utility model adopts cable network power supply technology altogether, (isolation voltage 〉=1000VDC) the single output type DC of voltage stabilizing-DC microswitch power module, diode D3, capacitor C 1, C5 form power unit by three wide voltage input isolation, diode D3 is used to prevent error-polarity connection, three isolated form DC-DC microswitch power modules are supplied with the power supply of numerical portion, simulation part and communications portion respectively, can effectively suppress to disturb the stability and the security that have improved node.

In conjunction with the accompanying drawings, Train Wheel of the present utility model is to integrate multisensor many reference amounts data fusion, signal condition, intelligent data acquisition, on-scene communication network to the intelligent monitoring device of running status, adopts cable network power supply altogether.Monitoring device is under the control of CPU and CPLD embedded software, after finishing current/voltage-converted, coupling, program control filtering, integration, envelope demodulation, anti-aliasing filtering, auto-scaling amplification etc. that each sensor is picked up information and handling, carry out D/A switch and transformation result is kept among the dynamic memor RAM, CPU is spread out of measurement data when upper condition monitoring and fault diagnosis main frame needs by the CAN fieldbus; When bus was idle, circuit had measured value and keeps automatically, the function that time-delay enters holding state automatically.CAN fieldbus employing high-speed photoelectric coupler is realized the electrical isolation between transceiver and the controller, protects internal circuit reliably, avoids external disturbance.Multiple components and parts, circuit and useful signal handling procedures such as monitoring device integrated use current/voltage-converted of the present utility model, coupling, program control filtering, integration, envelope demodulation, anti-aliasing filtering, auto-scaling amplification, can extract the status information such as vibration, impact, temperature, speed of equipment under test, very suitable to the comprehensive accurate diagnosis that carries out many reference amounts, many standards, as aspect fault diagnosis, to have uniqueness at the equipment condition monitoring that solves under the occasions such as complex structure, work under bad environment, undesired signal be numerous and diverse effect.

Claims (5)

1, a kind of intelligent monitoring device that is used for Train Wheel to running status, comprise several sensors, data acquisition system (DAS) and isolated form CAN bus, it is characterized in that: described sensor is separately positioned on each right measuring point of wheel, be connected with data acquisition system (DAS), and be connected in series in train status monitoring and fault diagnosis main frame and realize that Train Wheel is carried out networking to running status monitors and fault diagnosis by isolated form CAN bus.

2, monitoring device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described sensor CH ₁, CH ₂, CH ₃, CH ₄, CH ₅, CH ₆Be arranged on wheel right wheel hub, wheel shaft place, described sensor CH ₇Be arranged on the gear case place, described sensor CH ₈Be arranged on the motor place.

3, monitoring device according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: described sensor is the vibration temperature integrated transducer, this sensor component voltage output type sensor and current-output type sensor, described voltage output type sensor is made up of shearing-type piezoelectric acceleration sensor YDP, digital temperature sensor IC2, integrated single supply instrument amplifier IC1 and resistance capacitance, and described current-output type sensor is made up of piezoelectric acceleration sensor YDP, digital temperature sensor IC2, integrated single supply instrument amplifier IC1, amplifier IC3 and resistance capacitance.

4, monitoring device according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: described data acquisition system (DAS) comprises the channel selection circuit that the multi-channel data selector realized by multiway analog switch, complex logic programming device CPLD constitutes; Combined type differential input current/the voltage conversion circuit that constitutes by amplifier IC6 and resistance; Select and the program control filtering circuit by the coupling scheme that 0.5Hz Hi-pass filter, numerical control universal filter IC9, virtual earth generator IC11, analog switch and complex logic programming device CPLD constitute; Select circuit by the integration that amplifier IC22, analog switch IC21 and resistance capacitance constitute; The envelope demodulation circuit that constitutes by amplifier IC12, analog switch IC8, diode and resistance capacitance; By the oval low-pass filter IC13 in 8 rank, analog switch IC14, IC15, anti-aliasing filtering and anti-resonance circuit that amplifier IC12A and resistance capacitance constitute; By amplifier IC16, IC17, IC22A and resistance, analog switch IC18, the auto-scaling that embedded A/D converter of CPU and CPLD constitute amplifies and the A/D change-over circuit; By P8XC591 single-chip microcomputer, CPLD, RAM, E ²CPU and peripheral circuit thereof that ROM constitutes.

5, monitoring device according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: described isolated form CAN bus is by the embedded bus controller IC2 of CPU, CAN bus transceiver IC1, and high speed photo coupling IC19, IC20, diode D1, D2 and resistance capacitance constitute; Has common cable network power supply function.

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