CN2609275Y

CN2609275Y - Intelligent electricity-saving controller

Info

Publication number: CN2609275Y
Application number: CN 03227324
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张森林
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2003-04-03
Filing date: 2003-04-03
Publication date: 2004-03-31
Anticipated expiration: 2013-04-03

Abstract

The utility model relates to a smart electricity saving control device for starting up and operate a motor. A power switch(1), an overcurrent protection component(2), a control component(4) and a motor(5) are connected in series; an input end of a regulated rectifying power(6) is connected to an output end of the power switch(1); while an output end of the regulated rectifying power(6) is connected to the power input of a working control machine(7); an inference of the working control machine(7) indicating signal output end is connected to an interference of the control component(4) signal control input end; a signal input end of the working control machine(7) is connected to a signal input end of a passive measure component(9); an adjusting component(8) is paralleled connected to the power input end and the signal output end of the working control machine(7); an power output end of the adjusting component(8) is connected to the power input end of the passive measure component(9); the cathode of the passive measure component(9) is connected to the ground; an added kit(10) of the passive measure component(9) is positioned at a machine device component(11); the passive measure component(9) is positioned a corresponding position of the added kit(10). By adopting the device, 20 to 50 percent power is saved on the basis of the original matching power.

Description

The intelligent energy-saving control device

Technical field

The utility model relates to a kind of electric energy-saving control appliance, a kind of intelligent energy-saving control device that is used for motor start-up, parking and operation of saying so exactly.

Background technology

As everyone knows, when motor dragged the motion of various plant equipment, in order to guarantee the reliable operation of plant equipment, electronic function had the rated load of enough torque driving machinery equipment.Just be equipped with the design power of the rated power of motor during design, generally got 1.2～1.7 times coefficient of safety greater than plant equipment.When motor is worked like this, on supporting, be wasted, when motor start-up, also will increase the startup power consumption simultaneously with regard to some power.

Know that again when some high power motor driving machinery equipment were done the low speed reciprocating motion, impulse stroke was to drag operation at full capacity, backhaul is that light load drags motion.Motor just has most of power not utilize when backhaul like this, makes circuit be inductive load, and reactive loss increases.For example, the pumping unit of well in each oil field (being called the machine of kowtowing again) adopts high power motor and decelerator to drive oil pumper with the oil in the per minute reciprocating motion pumpingh well several times.Motor drags oil pumper with oil pumping at full capacity during impulse stroke, relies on the balance weight iron on the machine of kowtowing to produce the slow return of inertia force drive oil pumper during backhaul.Therefore, motor is the underloading load exercise when backhaul, and the circuit reactive loss is sharply increased.

Also have, plant equipment such as some mines, the motor match power is very big, and the plant equipment speed of service is very low, and the time of operating at full capacity is short, and idle stroke or underloading duration of load application are very long, and the match power major part of motor is not played a role.According to above-mentioned factor feature, under the prerequisite that does not influence the original design match power of motor and original plant equipment transmission efficiency, in motor driving machinery equipment running process, load when key is the work of observing and controlling plant equipment exactly, adopt effective energy saver control electric power from the aspects such as startup, parking and operation of motor, make motor both driving machinery equipment normally move, reach effective purpose of energy saving again.

Known electricity-saving control device, what adopt in recent years is the device of intelligent electric machine control module formula, and it is by air switch, intelligent electric machine control module, and single-chip microcomputer, overcurrent, overvoltage and open-phase protection element are formed.Air switch is introduced power supply, plays the effect of connection and disjunction power supply.The annexation of its device is: the output of air switch and the input that inserts the intelligent electric machine control module after overflow protecting element is connected again; the output of intelligent electric machine control module is connected with the stator winding terminals of motor, and over-voltage protection element is connected in parallel on the input and the output of intelligent electric machine control module.Single-chip microcomputer is connected by the signaling interface of interface with the intelligent electric machine control module; the start key of operation single-chip microcomputer during work; the phase shift that utilizes the program singal that is provided with to go to control thyristor in the intelligent electric machine control module triggers; regulate the electric power of input motor; thereby realize various soft starts, soft stop and the operation of motor, reduced motor when starting high-power big electric current to the impact of electrical network with played high-power heavy duty and protect because of the soft stop of avoiding damage of components that stops suddenly.Motor is in operation, and makes signal source by the power (hereinafter to be referred as main supplier) that single-chip microcomputer is gathered in the intelligent electric machine control module, can carry out overcurrent, and overvoltage, protection overheated and phase shortage show.This device has certain energy-conserving action when the motor soft start, but single-chip microcomputer adopts main supplier to control the operation of motor, and its energy-saving effect fails obviously to embody.

Known again a kind of electricity-saving control device that adopts frequency conversion type, its annexation is identical with the device of above intelligent electric machine control module formula, but replaces the intelligent electric machine control module with the three phase rectifier inverter, cancels over-voltage protection element simultaneously.During work, at first by the thyristor of three-phase rectifier the alternating current of three-phase 50Hz is become direct current, utilize thyristor in the inverter to be reduced into the three-phase alternating current of voltage and frequency adjustable again, the stator winding of sending into motor makes it operation.Provide frequency variation signal to go to control the size of voltage and frequency in the motor stator winding by main supplier, this process does not reflect plant equipment running load (hereinafter to be referred as the passive side's) actual condition.Adopt the electricity-saving control device of frequency conversion type, being used in to be in resistive load circuit and the load of constant voltage constant temperature has certain economize on electricity effect, is that it has little effect on the perceptual load circuit but be used in.

In sum, no matter motor driving machinery equipment is to be resistive load circuit, still moves in being perceptual load circuit, so long as adopt power supply master supplier to control the motor operation, does not all almost have energy-conservation effect.

Summary of the invention

The technical problems to be solved in the utility model is, overcomes above the deficiencies in the prior art, and a kind of intelligent energy-saving control device that can reach motor start-up, energy-conservation optimum efficiency in service is provided.

Technical solution of the present utility model is: a kind of intelligent energy-saving control device with following structure is provided; comprise mains switch, overflow protecting element, control element, rectifying voltage regulator, industrial computer, it also comprises adjusts element, passive observing and controlling element and accessory kit.Mains switch connect successively overflow protecting element, control element are connected with motor again.The input of rectifying voltage regulator is connected in parallel on the output of mains switch, and the output of rectifying voltage regulator is connected with the power input of adjusting element with the power input of industrial computer respectively.The power input of passive observing and controlling element is connected with the power output end of adjusting element, the negative pole end ground connection of passive observing and controlling element, and the signal output part of passive observing and controlling element is connected with the signal input part of industrial computer.The command signal output interface of industrial computer is connected with the signal controlling input end interface of control element.Accessory kit is located on the member of plant equipment, passive observing and controlling element be installed in the corresponding position of accessory kit on.

Control element adopts intelligent electric machine control module and over-voltage protection element in the control device of intelligent electric machine control module formula.Over-voltage protection element is connected in parallel on input, the output two ends of intelligent electric machine control module; In the electricity-saving control device of frequency conversion type, control element adopts the three phase rectifier inverter.

Make passive observing and controlling element employing mistor in the gyration in plant equipment, accessory kit adopts Hall element, and the member of plant equipment adopts rotating shaft.In plant equipment was reciprocating, passive observing and controlling element adopted photoelectric tube, and accessory kit adopts reflective mirror, and the member of plant equipment adopts ram.

During work, operation industrial computer start key makes motor driving machinery equipment carry out soft start or soft stop by the program singal of setting.Motor enters when operation, utilizes the motion of plant equipment and the acting in conjunction of passive observing and controlling element and accessory kit, and it is that pulse signal about 0.5V inputs to industrial computer that the real-time speed of plant equipment load variations is become amplitude.Handle by the time difference that industrial computer carries out between the pulse signal, processing is become command signal pass to control element, regulate the electric power that inputs to motor automatically by control element.

After adopting above structure, the intelligent energy-saving control device that the utility model adopts the passive side to control motor start-up, operation and parking is compared with the control device that the main supplier of the employing of prior art controls motor start-up, operation and parking, has following remarkable advantage and beneficial effect.

Motor drags various plant equipment, no matter be to be resistive load circuit, still in being perceptual load circuit, move, the real-time observing and controlling of utilization passive side load and the intellectuality of industrial computer are to the auto-control of motor, tackle unnecessary reactive loss, the operating necessary electric power of only given motor has motor to economize on electricity 20%～50% optimum efficiency on the basis of original match power.This device convenient operation and control, working service is easy, and passive observing and controlling element cost is low, multiple functional, and fault is few, long service life.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the block diagram of the utility model intelligent energy-saving control device (adopting the intelligent control module formula).

Fig. 2 is the circuit theory diagrams of the utility model intelligent energy-saving control device (adopting the intelligent control module formula).

Fig. 3 is the block diagram of the utility model intelligent energy-saving control device (employing frequency conversion type).

Fig. 4 is the circuit theory diagrams of the utility model intelligent energy-saving control device (employing frequency conversion type).

1. mains switches shown in the figure; 2. overflow protecting element; 3. over-voltage protection element; 4. control element; 5. motor; 6. rectifying voltage regulator; 7. industrial computer; 8. adjustment element; 9. passive observing and controlling element; 10. accessory kit; 11. the member of plant equipment; 12. thyristor; 14. resistance; 15. capacitor; 16. potentiometer; 17. diode; 18. resistance; 19. resistance; 20. three-phase rectifier; 21. inverter.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments utility model is described in further detail.

With reference to Fig. 1; intelligent energy-saving control device of the present utility model (adopting the intelligent control module formula); comprise a mains switch 1 (as adopting DW series automatic switch); can be with power connection and disjunction, when motor 5 work, play to circuit transship, the automatic protective effect of short circuit, under-voltage, the phase failure.The output of mains switch 1 is connected with the input of overflow protecting element 2; overflow protecting element 2 (as adopting RSO series fast acting fuse) transships to circuit and the protection of short circuit; the output of overflow protecting element 2 is connected with the input of control element 4; the output of control element 4 be connected with motor 5 (the MSJ series intelligent electric machine control module that control element 4 can adopt Shandong Zibo city milky way development company to produce); make it produce the operation that motor 5 is regulated in phase shift according to command signal; over-voltage protection element 3 is connected in parallel on the input and output two ends of control module 4; play and prevent because of the protective effect of overtension to control element 4 damages; rectifying voltage regulator 6 adopts transformer step-down and electronic component regulator rectifier circuit; its input is connected in parallel on the output of mains switch 1; (full name is an industrial control computer for the output of rectifying voltage regulator 6 and industrial computer 7; comprise single-chip microcomputer) power input be connected, for industrial computer 7 provides constant low-voltage DC.Adjust element 8 and be connected in parallel between the power input and signal input part of industrial computer 7, be used for regulating the amplitude that inputs to industrial computer 7 pulse signals.The power input "+" of passive observing and controlling element 9 is drawn from adjust element 8, negative pole end "-" ground connection of passive observing and controlling element 9, and the signal output part of passive observing and controlling element 9 is connected with the signal input part of industrial computer 7.Its effect is to produce the stationary magnetic field and the pulse signal that the variation of the accessory kit 10 installed on the member 11 of plant equipment produces is flowed to industrial computer 7, and passive observing and controlling element 9 is installed in and is located on the corresponding position of the accessory kit 10 of making signal source on the member 11 of plant equipment.The command signal output interface of industrial computer 7 is connected with the signal controlling input end interface of control element 4, industrial computer 7 with the pulse signal that receives after treatment, output instruction signal removes to operate control element 4 and carries out action.

In order to understand the operation principle of this intelligent energy-saving control device (adopting the intelligent control module formula) better, provided the concrete annexation of each components and parts among Fig. 2.The passive observing and controlling element 9 of present embodiment adopts mistor, the accessory kit 10 of passive observing and controlling element then adopts Hall element, the member 11 of plant equipment adopts power output shaft, and Hall element 10 is installed on the power output shaft 11, and mistor 9 is contained on the correspondence position of Hall element 10.The minus earth of mistor 9, its anodal series connection resistance 18 (its resistance is 50～150 Ω), the A point that is connected on the output of rectifying voltage regulator 6 is again gone up (need only the employing rotating shaft in the following frequency conversion type device, then this section content is identical).Resistance 18 is to make mistor 9 that certain voltage and current be arranged, and can produce constant the action of a magnetic field.During work, the rotating shaft 11 of motor 5 driving machinery equipment also drives Hall element 10 rotations.Hall element 10 whenever turns around and will cut magnetic field in the mistor 9, and making the changes of magnetic field in the mistor 9 and producing its amplitude is electromagnetic pulse signal about 0.5V.By mistor 9 signal is exported to the comparison process that industrial computer 7 carries out the time difference between the pulse signal, because the load of plant equipment is big, the rotating speed of power output shaft 11 is low, and then the burst length spacing is long, otherwise time interval is short.Mistor 9 and Hall element that present embodiment adopts are INTD-25 type (each motor depot or accessory factory all produce).The adjustment element 8 of present embodiment is by potentiometer 16 (its resistance 0～2K Ω), diode 17 (for the amplitude limit low power tube) and resistance 19 (its resistance is about 200-600 Ω) series connection, the other end of potentiometer 16 is connected on the B point of connecting line of the output of rectifying voltage regulator 6 and resistance 18, and the other end of resistance 19 is connected on the C point of connecting line of the signal output part of mistor 9 and industrial computer 7 signal input parts.This circuit is used for regulating the amplitude of input industrial computer 7 pulse signals.In order to prevent in the main power supply road to damage thyristor 12 in the control element 4 because of overtension; the input of control element 4 and the output over-voltage protection element 3 that is connected in parallel, over-voltage protection element 3 is composed in series by resistance 14 (its resistance is 2～40 Ω) and capacitor 15 (its capacitance is 0.2～2.5 μ F).Can also (its value be 710V～1000V) compose in parallel by piezo-resistance.

If plant equipment is reciprocating, 10 of the passive observing and controlling element 9 of present embodiment and accessory kits are made up of photoelectric tube and reflective mirror that (Shanghai is thought rich mechanical electric Co., Ltd and produced, model specification is JCG-1865R2PO/DY), the member 11 of plant equipment is meant reciprocating ram.Reflective mirror 10 is installed in ram 11 sides, and photoelectric tube 9 is installed on the correspondence position of reflective mirror 10, and the circuit of photoelectric tube 9 connects with the circuit of mistor identical.During work, the ram 11 of plant equipment is reciprocating, toward covering photosignal in photoelectric tube 9 and the reflective mirror 10 with multiple commutation moment, making in the photoelectric tube 9 and producing an amplitude is photoelectric pulse signal about 0.5V, these signals are exported to industrial computer 7 and are carried out between the pulse signal change process of time difference with load variations, and pass through industrial computer 7 output instruction signals and give control element 4, remove to regulate automatically the electric power of input motor 5, to reach operating economize on electricity (as long as adopt ram, then this section content is identical in the following frequency conversion type device).

In order to understand the utilization of this intelligent energy-saving control device in the frequency conversion type electricity-saving control device, Fig. 3 is the block diagram of the utility model intelligent energy-saving control device (employing frequency conversion type).The control element 4 of present embodiment refers to the three phase rectifier inverter.The circuit of three phase rectifier inverter 4 connects identical with the circuit of above employing intelligent object formula control device, and different is to have removed over-voltage protection element 3.

In order to understand the operation principle of this intelligent energy-saving control device in the electricity-saving control device of frequency conversion type better, Fig. 4 has provided the concrete annexation of each components and parts.Its three phase rectifier inverter 4 is made up of three-phase rectifier 20 (model specification of producing as Shandong Zibo city milky way development company is a MSJ series) and inverter 21 (model specification of producing as Shandong Zibo city milky way development company is a MSJ series).The input of three-phase rectifier 20 is connected with the output of overflow protecting element 2, the positive pole of three-phase rectifier 20 and cathode output end respectively be connected corresponding of positive pole of inverter 21 with negative input.The output of inverter 21 is connected with motor 5.The command signal input end interface that the command signal input of three-phase rectifier 20 is connected the command signal output interface of industrial computer 7 and inverter 21 links to each other on the D point of wiring.The connection of other components and parts is identical with intelligent electric machine control module formula device.During work, by the thyristor 12 of three-phase rectifier 20 AC rectification of three-phase 50HZ is become direct current, the thyristor 12 through inverter 21 becomes three-phase alternating current to flow to motor 5 work dc inverter again.Become in the process of alternating current at dc inverter, give three phase rectifier inverter 4 by industrial computer 7 output instruction signals, inverter 21 is regulated automatically by command signal and is inputed to the voltage of motor 5 and the variation of frequency size, motor 5 is in operation reaches purpose of energy saving.

The working method of this intelligent energy-saving control device (comprising two kinds of intelligent control module formula and frequency conversion types) is as follows:

Power turn-on switch 1 energized, and deliver to the input of rectifying voltage regulator 6 and the input that process overflow protecting element 2 is delivered to control element 4.Through the step-down rectifier and the pressure stabilization function of rectifying voltage regulator 6, and output constant DC supply industrial computer 7 is made power supply.Giving mistor 9 (or photoelectric tube) simultaneously and adjusting element 8 provides necessary power supply, makes mistor 9 (or photoelectric tube) produce constant magnetic field (or light source).During work, handle the start key of industrial computer 7, industrial computer 7 is exported to control element 4 according to the start-up routine command signal of setting, and press soft starting mode actuating motor 5, realizes energy-conservation in the startup.When motor 5 enters operation, rely on the power output shaft 11 (or ram) of plant equipment to drive Hall element 10 rotations, make the moving circle of Hall element 10 revolutions (or the ram of plant equipment move back and forth cover the reflective mirror light source once), making mistor 9 (or photoelectric tube) produce an amplitude is that electromagnetic pulse signal about 0.5V is exported to industrial computer 7.Cause the variation of speed according to load variations by industrial computer 7, make the change transitions of time difference between the pulse signal become that (the big pulse electrical signal of promptly loading is long at interval, motor electric power need increase, otherwise the need minimizing) command signal passes to control element 4, remove to regulate automatically power supply and export to the electric power (or regulating voltage and the frequency size that the three phase rectifier inverter is exported to motor automatically) of motor 5, thereby reach purpose of energy saving through control element 4.

Claims

1, a kind of intelligent energy-saving control device, comprise: mains switch (1), overflow protecting element (2), control element (4), rectifying voltage regulator (6) and industrial computer (7) is characterized in that: it also comprises the accessory kit (10) of adjusting element (8), passive observing and controlling element (9) and making signal source; Described mains switch (1) connect successively overflow protecting element (2), control element (4), be connected with motor (5) again; The input of rectifying voltage regulator (6) is connected in parallel on the output of mains switch (1), and the output of rectifying voltage regulator (6) is connected with the power input of adjusting element (8) with the power input of industrial computer (7) respectively; The power input (+) of passive observing and controlling element (9) is connected with the power output end of adjusting element (8), negative pole end (-) ground connection of passive observing and controlling element (9), and the signal output part of passive observing and controlling element (9) is connected with the signal input part of industrial computer (7); Adjusting the adjustment voltage output end of element (8) and the signal input part of industrial computer (7) is connected in parallel; The command signal output interface of industrial computer (7) is connected with the signal controlling input end interface of control element (4); Accessory kit (10) is located on the member (11) of plant equipment, passive observing and controlling element (9) be installed in the corresponding position of accessory kit (10) on.

2, intelligent energy-saving control device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described control element (4) refers to the intelligent electric machine control module in intelligent electric machine control module formula device; Also comprise over-voltage protection element (3) in the described intelligent control module formula device, it is connected in parallel on input, the output two ends of intelligent electric machine control module (4).

3, intelligent energy-saving control device as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that: described over-voltage protection element (3) is in series by resistance (14) and capacitor (15).

4, intelligent energy-saving control device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described control element (4) refers to the three phase rectifier inverter in the frequency conversion type electricity-saving control device.

5, intelligent energy-saving control device as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that: described three phase rectifier inverter (4) is connected with inverter (21) by three-phase rectifier (20) and forms.

6, intelligent energy-saving control device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described adjustment element (8) is connected in series by potentiometer (16), diode (17) and resistance (19), the output of the other end of potentiometer (16) and rectifying voltage regulator (6) is connected in parallel, and the signal input part of the other end of resistance (19) and industrial computer (7) is connected in parallel; One end of one end of resistance (18) and potentiometer (16) is connected in parallel, and the other end of resistance (18) is connected with power input (+) utmost point of passive observing and controlling element (9).

7, intelligent energy-saving control device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described passive observing and controlling element (9) refers to mistor; Described accessory kit (10) refers to Hall element; The member of described plant equipment (11) refers to rotating shaft.

8, intelligent energy-saving control device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described passive observing and controlling element (9) refers to photoelectric tube; Described accessory kit (10) refers to reflective mirror; The member of described plant equipment (11) refers to ram.