CN2601754Y - Fruit-grading device controlled in synchronization controlled by single chip processor - Google Patents
Fruit-grading device controlled in synchronization controlled by single chip processor Download PDFInfo
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- CN2601754Y CN2601754Y CN 03228528 CN03228528U CN2601754Y CN 2601754 Y CN2601754 Y CN 2601754Y CN 03228528 CN03228528 CN 03228528 CN 03228528 U CN03228528 U CN 03228528U CN 2601754 Y CN2601754 Y CN 2601754Y
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- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
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- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims description 21
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- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000009659 non-destructive testing Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000013256 coordination polymer Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 210000002615 epidermis Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000282414 Homo sapiens Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000006399 behavior Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a fruit grading machine using a single-chip computer to control synchronously. The conveying appliance and grading device of the machine comprise two sprockets and chains surrounded on the sprockets. The motive power of the machine is inputted from outside to the grading device, and then is delivered to the conveying appliance by the grading device synchronously. A code device is arranged on the conveying appliance and is connected with an image acquisition card in the computer through a conductor. A light source camber is arranged above the conveying appliance and a camera is arranged in the light source camber and is connected with the image acquisition card through a cable. The computer is connected with a synchronization tracking device through a parallel port and the synchronization tracking device is connected with a machine grading setup arranged on the grading device through a conductor. A discharging port is arranged under the grading device and is corresponding to the machine grading setup. Software in the computer can process fruit image in grades and real-time control the movement of the machine grading setup through the synchronization tracking device according to the processing result. The utility model enables automatic grading of the synchronization tracking device according to the external characteristics of fruit such as the fruit size, the epidemic color, the surface defect, the fruit shape, and the surface flatness and so on and the inspection process is a nondestructive testing.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of fruit grading machine that adopts single-chip microcomputer to carry out Synchronization Control.
Background technology
At present, the processing horizontal in postpartum of China's fruit is also very low, and the nulliparity post processing is just directly gone on the market behind most of fruit picking, has influenced the commodity value of fruit.Also there are some fruit to be judged by artificial and naked eyes identification according to the integrality of its maturity, blemish, carpopodium and the classification of classification indexs such as size, weight, thereby the classification of fruit has bigger subjectivity, efficient is quite low, has greatly hindered the development of Chinese national economy and the raising of farmers' income.Existing fruit grading equipment mainly is by one or two indexs such as the weight of fruit and sizes, the former adopts modes such as sieve aperture, cylinder gap to carry out, the latter mainly is the equipment that utilizes electronic scale, dynamic balance support to carry out classification, this kind equipment can't classification to the fruit that has blemish, fruit shape uniqueness, and has in the classification process deficiency such as easy damaged fruit surface.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this utility model provides a kind of machine that utilizes synchronous follow-up device to follow the tracks of synchronously to realize automatic classification, and testing process is the fruit grading machine that the employing single-chip microcomputer of Non-Destructive Testing carries out Synchronization Control.
The technical solution of the utility model is as follows: comprise encoder, conveying device, lighting box, video camera, computer, image pick-up card, synchronous follow-up device, mechanical classification mechanism, grading plant, discharging opening, fruit grading software.1) conveying device and grading plant are formed by two sprocket wheels and two chains that are looped around on the sprocket wheel, and power is input on the grading plant by the outside, synchronously is delivered on the conveying device by grading plant again; 2) encoder is installed on the conveying device, links to each other with image pick-up card in being installed in computer by lead; 3) lighting box is installed in the conveying device top; The position for video camera links to each other with image pick-up card by cable in lighting box; 4) computer links to each other with synchronous follow-up device by LPT, and synchronous follow-up device links to each other with mechanical classification mechanism; 5) discharging opening is installed in the grading plant below, and corresponding with mechanical classification mechanism; In computer-internal, be provided with the fruit grading software of handling fruit image.
The fruit grading software of installing on computers can carry out the classification processing to fruit image, and, make fruit carry out automatic classification by surfaces such as fruit size, epidermis color, blemish, fruit shape, surface flatnesses according to the action of result real time control machine tool grading control mechanism.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are: can utilize synchronous follow-up device to follow the tracks of synchronously by surfaces such as fruit size, epidermis color, blemish, fruit shape, surface flatnesses and realize automatic classification, and testing process is Non-Destructive Testing.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural principle block diagram of the present utility model;
Fig. 2 is the grading plant schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is that fruit image is handled and the classification process schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 is the synchronous follow-up device circuit diagram;
Fig. 5 is synchronous follow-up device internal data structure figure;
Fig. 6 is the operating position schematic diagram that mechanical classification mechanism closes the door;
Fig. 7 is the operating position schematic diagram that mechanical classification mechanism opens the door.
The specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, it comprises encoder 1, conveying device 2, lighting box 3, video camera 4, computer 5, image pick-up card 6, synchronous follow-up device 7, mechanical classification mechanism 8, grading plant 9, discharging opening 10, fruit grading software 11; Conveying device 2 and grading plant 9 are formed by two sprocket wheels and two chains that are looped around on the sprocket wheel, and power is input on the grading plant 9 by the outside, synchronously is delivered on the conveying device 2 by grading plant 9 again; Encoder 1 is installed on the conveying device, links to each other with image pick-up card 6 in being installed in computer by lead; Lighting box 3 is installed in the conveying device top; Video camera 4 is positioned at lighting box, links to each other with image pick-up card 6 by cable; Computer 5 links to each other with synchronous follow-up device 7 by LPT, and synchronous follow-up device 7 links to each other with mechanical classification mechanism 8 on being installed in grading plant 9; Discharging opening 10 is installed in grading plant 9 belows, and corresponding with classification mechanism 8; In computer 5 inside, be provided with the fruit grading software 11 of handling fruit image.
The fruit grading software that is installed on the computer 5 can carry out the classification processing to fruit image, and, make fruit carry out automatic classification by surfaces such as fruit size, epidermis color, blemish, fruit shape, surface flatnesses according to the action of result real time control machine tool classification mechanism.
Shown in Fig. 2 a, Fig. 2 b, grading plant 9 is by sprocket wheel 9.1, hopper 9.2, and guide rail 9.3, guide plate 9.5, chain 9.6 is formed; Guide rail 9.3 segmentations are installed on the grading plant 9, and hopper 9.2 is installed on the chain 9.6, and the sliding axle 9.4 of hopper 9.2 can be free to slide on guide rail 9.3, and the breach of guide rail 9.3 is filled up by mechanical classification mechanism 8, and guide plate 9.5 is installed in mechanical classification mechanism 8 belows.
As Fig. 6, shown in Figure 7, mechanical classification mechanism 8 is by ledger-plate 8.1, cutting blade 8.2, little axle 8.3, driving lever 8.4, stator 8.5, stator winding I8.6, stator winding II8.7, spacer pin I8.8, rotating shaft 8.9, spacer pin II8.10, rotor 8.11; Cutting blade 8.2 is installed in ledger-plate 8.1 by little axle 8.3, can rotate around little axle 8.3, stator 8.5 is installed on the ledger-plate 8.1, rotor 8.11 is installed on the stator 8.5 by rotating shaft 8.9, rotor 8.11 can 8.9 rotate around the shaft, and driving lever 8.4 is fixed on rotating shaft 8.9, can 8.9 rotate around the shaft with rotor 8.11, stator winding I8.6 and stator winding II8.7 are fixed on the stator 8.5, and spacer pin I8.8 and spacer pin II8.10 are fixed on the stator.
As shown in Figure 4, synchronous follow-up device 7 is by Chip Microcomputer A 1, decoder A21, A22, darlington transistor array A31, A32; Synchronization pulse is produced by encoder 1, is attempted by the INTO pin of Chip Microcomputer A 1, the P1.6 of Chip Microcomputer A 1, and P1.7, P3.7 pin are connected on the LPT of computer; The P1.0 of Chip Microcomputer A 1, P1.1, the P1.2 pin is connected on the A of decoder A21 respectively, B, on the C pin, the P1.3 of Chip Microcomputer A 1, P1.4, the P1.5 pin is connected on the A of decoder A22 respectively, and B is on the C pin, the Y0 of decoder A21 ~ Y6 pin is connected on respectively on the 1-7 pin of darlington transistor array A31, the 10-16 pin of darlington transistor array A31 is connected on the stator winding I8.6 of a component level mechanism 8 respectively, and the Y0 of decoder A22~Y6 pin is connected on respectively on the 1-7 pin of darlington transistor array A32, and the 10-16 pin of darlington transistor array A31 is connected on the stator winding II8.7 of a component level mechanism 8 respectively.
During work, fruit is transported in the lighting box 3 by conveying device 2, gathers image for video camera 4, and in conveying device 2 motion processes, encoder 1 produces synchronizing signal CP, and this signal outputs to image pick-up card 6 and synchronous follow-up device 7 respectively.Be transported to the triggering signal of the synchronizing signal CP of image pick-up card as computer 5 collection images, the synchronizing signal CP that is transported to synchronous follow-up device 7 makes that then as the clock signal of synchronous follow-up device 7 data in the synchronous follow-up device 7 are corresponding with the fruit position.
When fruit moves to certain position, encoder 1 produces synchronizing signal and triggers video camera 4 by image pick-up card 6 and begins sampling, and the signal of collection passes through coaxial cable input picture capture card 6, and then imports computer 5 into, carry out a series of processing by computer 5, the process of processing is seen Fig. 3.Handle in the process of images at computer 5, conveying device 2 continues to move ahead, and does not hold at it fruit is transferred on the grading plant 9.
Synchronous follow-up device 7 produces synchronizing signal CP according to encoder 1 and finishes synchronous working.Relevant internal data structure is opened up a slice memory space in Chip Microcomputer A 1 inside as shown in Figure 5, and by 1,2,3 ... order number respectively.Suppose by the classification requirement, fruit should be divided into 7 grades, identify with A, B, C, D, E, F, G respectively, the pairing memory unit numbering of each rank is respectively NA, NB, NC, ND, NE, NF, NG, the corresponding respectively corresponding mechanical classification mechanism 8 of the numbering of memory cell, these memory cells, and the length of corresponding classification outlet is arrived in corresponding fruit image collection point respectively, if, then use the H mark when front hopper is that sky maybe can't be judged.When the sliding axle 9.4 of hopper 9.2 moved to S point (Fig. 7), encoder 1 produced negative saltus step, and synchronizing signal CP becomes 0 level by 1 level, sends interrupt requests to Chip Microcomputer A 1.After the Chip Microcomputer A 1 response interrupt requests, at first the data among the memory NG are judged, if the data in this memory cell are G, then send instruction, make pin P1.0, P1.1 and P1.2 all are 1 level, the Y6 of decoder A21 transfers high level to, and No. 10 pins of darlington transistor array A31 become low level, with the stator winding I8.7 energising of the corresponding mechanical classification of grade 7 mechanism 8, mechanical classification mechanism 8 stators, 8.5 internal magnetic fields change, promote rotor 8.11 and be rotated counterclockwise, drive dead man 8.4 and rotate counterclockwise, cutting blade 8.2 loses support, under the gravity effect, turn clockwise, the breach of guide rail 9.3 is opened, and the fruit hopper slides along ledger-plate, when arriving to a certain degree, the upset of hopper makes fruit from wherein rolling out, and carries out discharging opening 10 along guide plate 9.5.Chip Microcomputer A 1 is opened as respectively the data of previous memory cell being moved to a back unit from the NG-1 memory cell then, when operation proceeds to the NF unit, repeats the operation of front, up to being operated to memory cell 2.Chip Microcomputer A 1 is from pin P1.6 afterwards, and P1.7, P3.7 read in the level data of current fruit.Closing by Chip Microcomputer A 1 time-delay of classification door finished, after the breach of guide rail 9.3 is opened, classification mechanism controller 8 triggers, at X point shown in Figure 7, Chip Microcomputer A 1 is controlled pin P1.3, P1.4 respectively, the level of P1.5, the stator winding II8.6 of mechanical classification mechanism 8 is switched on respectively, change the internal magnetic field of mechanical classification mechanism 8 stators 8.5, the breach of opening in the operation in front seals again.
The processing procedure of 5 pairs of fruit images of computer as shown in Figure 3, fruit is through behind the IMAQ, carry out image rectification again, through a series of image conversion, can carry out a series of individual events such as size detection, SHAPE DETECTION, color detection, defects detection, surface flatness detects, obtain each individual event testing result, these results are as the value parameter input of diversity module.Form grading criterion together by fruit grading national standard and fruit database, user's man-machine interface, before machine works, deposit diversity module in as parameter, diversity module is carried out classification according to the detected fruit external behavior of previous step parameter to fruit, classification results forms the grading control signal, the action of this control signal control fruit grading mechanism makes fruit carry out corresponding discharging opening 10.
The classification process of diversity module is: according to grading criterion, the every index of the fruit of different stage can be represented by a concrete numerical value, diversity module detects the data that obtain according to each detection module to current fruit, compare respectively with desired values at different levels, can obtain every index which rank respectively, get the rank that one-level minimum in these indexs should belong to as current fruit.For example, a certain fruit has 3 indexs all to be in 1 grade, only has an index to be in 2 grades, and then this fruit belongs in 2 grades.
Claims (4)
1. fruit grading machine that adopts single-chip microcomputer to carry out Synchronization Control, it is characterized in that: it comprises encoder (1), conveying device (2), lighting box (3), video camera (4), computer (5), image pick-up card (6), synchronous follow-up device (7), mechanical classification mechanism (8), grading plant (9), discharging opening (10), fruit grading software (11);
1) conveying device (2) and grading plant (9) are formed by two sprocket wheels (9.1) and two chains (9.6) that are looped around on the sprocket wheel, and power is input on the grading plant (9) by the outside, synchronously is delivered on the conveying device (2) by grading plant (9) again;
2) encoder (1) is installed on the conveying device (2), by lead be installed in computer in the image pick-up card (6) of (5) link to each other;
3) lighting box (3) is installed in conveying device (2) top; Video camera (4) is positioned at lighting box (3), links to each other with image pick-up card (6) by cable;
4) computer (5) links to each other with synchronous follow-up device (7) by LPT, and synchronous follow-up device (7) links to each other with mechanical classification mechanism (8) by lead;
5) discharging opening (10) is installed in grading plant (9) below, and corresponding with mechanical classification mechanism (8);
6), be provided with the fruit grading software (11) of handling fruit image in computer (5) inside.
2. employing single-chip microcomputer according to claim 1 carries out the fruit grading machine of Synchronization Control, it is characterized in that said grading plant (9) comprises sprocket wheel (9.1), hopper (9.2), guide rail (9.3), guide plate (9.5), chain (9.6); Guide rail (9.3) segmentation is installed on the grading plant (9), hopper (9.2) is installed on the chain (9.6), the sliding axle (9.4) of hopper (9.2) can be free to slide on guide rail (9.3), classification mechanism (8) is filled up the breach of guide rail (9.3), and guide plate (9.5) is installed in mechanical classification mechanism (8) below.
3. employing single-chip microcomputer according to claim 1 carries out the fruit grading machine of Synchronization Control, it is characterized in that: it comprises ledger-plate (8.1) said mechanical classification mechanism (8), cutting blade (8.2), little axle (8.3), driving lever (8.4), stator (8.5), stator winding I (8.6), stator winding II (8.7), spacer pin I (8.8), rotating shaft (8.9), spacer pin II (8.10), rotor (8.11); Cutting blade (8.2) is installed on the ledger-plate (8.1) by little axle (8.3), can rotate around little axle (8.3), stator (8.5) is installed on the ledger-plate (8.1), rotor (8.10) is installed on the stator (8.5) by rotating shaft (8.9), rotor (8.11) (8.9) around the shaft rotates, driving lever (8.4) is fixed in the rotating shaft (8.9), can be with rotor (8.1 1) (8.9) rotation around the shaft, stator winding I (8.6) and stator winding II (8.7) are fixed on the stator (8.5), and spacer pin I (8.8) and spacer pin II (8.10) are fixed on the stator (8.5).
4. employing single-chip microcomputer according to claim 1 carries out the fruit grading machine of Synchronization Control, it is characterized in that: it comprises single-chip microcomputer (A1) said synchronous follow-up device (7), decoder (A21, A22), darlington transistor array (A31, A32); Synchronization pulse is produced by encoder (1), is attempted by the INTO pin of single-chip microcomputer (A1), and (P1.6, P1.7, P3.7) pin of single-chip microcomputer (A1) is connected on the LPT of computer; (the P1.0 of single-chip microcomputer (A1), P1.1, P1.2) pin is connected on the (A of decoder (A21) respectively, B, C) on the pin, (the P1.3 of single-chip microcomputer (A1), P1.4P1.5) pin is connected on the (A of decoder (A22) respectively, B, C) on the pin, decoder (A21) (Y0~Y6) pin is connected on respectively on (1-7) pin of darlington transistor array (A31), (10-16) pin of darlington transistor array (A31) is connected on the stator winding I (8.6) of one group of mechanical classification mechanism (8) respectively, decoder (A22) (Y0~Y6) pin is connected on respectively on (1-7) pin of darlington transistor array (A32), and (10-16) pin of darlington transistor array (A31) is connected on the corresponding stator winding II of same group of mechanical classification mechanism (8) (8.7) respectively.
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Cited By (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN100449301C (en) * | 2006-03-24 | 2009-01-07 | 浙江大学 | Method and apparatus for non-destructive testing of fruit internal quality based on optical properties |
CN101234381B (en) * | 2008-03-07 | 2011-09-07 | 天津市华核科技有限公司 | Granular material sorting classifying method based on visual sense recognition |
CN102259096A (en) * | 2011-07-19 | 2011-11-30 | 中机美诺科技股份有限公司 | Image recognition based device for external damage detection and grading of potatoes |
CN102288288A (en) * | 2011-08-27 | 2011-12-21 | 南昌航空大学 | Spatial multi-point transient light intense signal acquisition method based on electronic shutter |
CN102426057A (en) * | 2011-08-27 | 2012-04-25 | 南昌航空大学 | Space multipoint instantaneous light intensity signal acquisition method based on Darlington type phototransistors |
CN101279320B (en) * | 2008-04-09 | 2012-08-22 | 杭州行地集团有限公司 | Self-adapting high-speed sorting mechanism for sorting fruits |
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CN104525508A (en) * | 2014-12-23 | 2015-04-22 | 安徽科鸣三维科技有限公司 | Machine vision degraded product discharge system |
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CN107243461A (en) * | 2017-05-12 | 2017-10-13 | 宁波大红鹰学院 | A kind of self-grading device |
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- 2003-01-20 CN CN 03228528 patent/CN2601754Y/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN100449301C (en) * | 2006-03-24 | 2009-01-07 | 浙江大学 | Method and apparatus for non-destructive testing of fruit internal quality based on optical properties |
CN101234381B (en) * | 2008-03-07 | 2011-09-07 | 天津市华核科技有限公司 | Granular material sorting classifying method based on visual sense recognition |
CN101279320B (en) * | 2008-04-09 | 2012-08-22 | 杭州行地集团有限公司 | Self-adapting high-speed sorting mechanism for sorting fruits |
CN102259096A (en) * | 2011-07-19 | 2011-11-30 | 中机美诺科技股份有限公司 | Image recognition based device for external damage detection and grading of potatoes |
CN102288288A (en) * | 2011-08-27 | 2011-12-21 | 南昌航空大学 | Spatial multi-point transient light intense signal acquisition method based on electronic shutter |
CN102426057A (en) * | 2011-08-27 | 2012-04-25 | 南昌航空大学 | Space multipoint instantaneous light intensity signal acquisition method based on Darlington type phototransistors |
CN102426057B (en) * | 2011-08-27 | 2013-07-10 | 南昌航空大学 | Space multipoint instantaneous light intensity signal acquisition method based on Darlington type phototransistors |
CN102288288B (en) * | 2011-08-27 | 2013-09-25 | 南昌航空大学 | Spatial multi-point transient light intense signal acquisition method based on electronic shutter |
CN103196835A (en) * | 2013-04-10 | 2013-07-10 | 浙江大学 | Target tracking device for internal quality detection process of agricultural products |
CN104525508A (en) * | 2014-12-23 | 2015-04-22 | 安徽科鸣三维科技有限公司 | Machine vision degraded product discharge system |
CN106238340A (en) * | 2016-08-05 | 2016-12-21 | 河南科技大学 | A kind of Bulbus Allii Cepae intelligence sorting unit |
CN107243461A (en) * | 2017-05-12 | 2017-10-13 | 宁波大红鹰学院 | A kind of self-grading device |
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