CN2593068Y - Refuse burning aftertreatment apparatus - Google Patents

Refuse burning aftertreatment apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
CN2593068Y
CN2593068Y CN 03227944 CN03227944U CN2593068Y CN 2593068 Y CN2593068 Y CN 2593068Y CN 03227944 CN03227944 CN 03227944 CN 03227944 U CN03227944 U CN 03227944U CN 2593068 Y CN2593068 Y CN 2593068Y
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China
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pit
ash
absorbent
temperature reactor
water
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Expired - Fee Related
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CN 03227944
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Chinese (zh)
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陈德珍
刘会友
张鹤声
梅洪生
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Tongji University
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Tongji University
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  • Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

The utility model relates to a refuse-burning after-treating apparatus, particularly an after-treating apparatus which combines fume purification and ash treatment so as to eliminate environmental pollution caused by burning refuse. The existing refuse-burning after-treating apparatuses has no comprehensive consideration of the fume purification and the ash treatment and has the problems of high-temperature corrosion of the heating surfaces of waste heat boilers, high toxicity of products of fly ash and fume purifying reaction, high treating expenses, etc. The utility model is composed of a fume purifying device and an ash treating device. At the fume purifying part, a high-temperature reactor is tightly connected with the heating surface of the water-cooling wall of a burning boiler, and meanwhile, the high-temperature reactor is connected with a fresh absorbent and an absorbent recovering feeder, and the rear end of the high-temperature reactor is connected with a high-temperature dust remover; a slag falling pipe on the lower end of the burning boiler is immersed in a slag discharging pit which is connected with an oxidation pond through a slag discharging mechanism and a belt conveyer with a magnetic sorting function. The slag discharging pit is also connected with a slag discharging and water storing tank through a pipeline. Slag discharging water in a liquid distributing tank flows to the slag discharging and water storing tank by a pipeline valve. The utility model has the advantages of economy and simplicity, and can be used for the reformation of a new burning boiler and the existing burning boiler.

Description

A kind of waste incineration after-treatment device
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of waste incineration after-treatment device, especially a kind ofly directly links to each other with the waste incineration furnace body, gas cleaning and incineration residue are handled is combined to eliminate incineration ashes to the pollution of environment and reduce the waste incineration after-treatment device of the operating cost of whole refuse burning system.
Background technology
The waste incineration after-treatment device is meant in refuse burning system in order to eliminate incineration ashes to the pollution of environment and the gas cleaning and the lime-ash treating apparatus that are provided with.At present, there are some problems like this in the burning after-treatment device of practical application in the engineering: (1) consideration that seldom processing of gas cleaning and incineration residue combined, the gas cleaning parts often are installed in the later low temperature flue section of back-end surfaces, flue gas is in the waste heat boiler heating surface temperature-fall period like this, toxic organic compound bioxin (PCDD/PCDF) can generate (Stieglitz and Vogg on the flying dust surface by de novo mechanism, Chemosphere Vol.16, No.8/9 1987), make the flying dust collected in the dust-precipitator and purified product owing to contain bioxin, the toxicity height must separate processing with dregs of incinerator (end ash discharge); After dregs of incinerator enters out pit simultaneously, only use water cooling, the heavy metal that contains in the slag is not taked any treatment measures.(2) gas cleaning parts another shortcoming of being placed in low-temperature zone is that the sour gas that carries in the flue gas also causes high temperature corrosion to the heating surface of waste heat boiler as mentioned above.(3) except that the flue gas purifying part with the incinerator furnace body directly links to each other, lime-ash processing section and incinerator break away from, the waste heat of slag and flying dust self does not obtain utilization.(4) the outer flying dust disposal costs of stove is very expensive, for example needs about RMB1000 unit/ton in the security landfill expense that China adopts at present.Though waste incineration slag also is not divided into dangerous solid useless at present, but owing to wherein contain certain density heavy metal, all there are strict regulation and restriction in many countries to its recycling, from the angle of safe handling, should be before reclaim using with slag in contained heavy metal separate or curing.And only being provided with slag, the existing after-treatment device that links to each other with the waste incineration furnace body accepts parts and output mechanism, slag is not taked any stabilization processes measure, if outside stove, set up the slag stabilizing treatment apparatus, will increase the overall operation expense of CIU again.
At present incineration treatment of garbage technology mainly is the present situation of burning post processing expense costliness, both at home and abroad all at development rubbish elder generation gasification gas making, the modified waste incineration mode that the back adopts gasification gas high-temp combustion that ash melting is solidified, as patent of invention " innoxious sealing refuse gasification reducing and smelting incinerator " (publication number: 2481979, on March 13rd, 2002) and patent " Cyclonic gasifying, incinerating and melting furnace " (publication number: 1349068 open day:, open day: on May 15th, 2002) all be based on this technology, though this technology has realized the shortcoming that combine and overcome existing burning after-treatment system of post processing with the incinerator body, but this technology both had been not suitable for the transformation of the present conventional incinerator that is moving, need auxiliary fuel again, also need to be provided with gasification, two bodies of heater of fusion make the incinerator system structure complicated, complicated operation and the clean recovery heat from rubbish reduce.
On the other hand, the spent acid and the byproduct ferrous sulfate (green vitriol) of China's sulfuric acid method titanium pigment production up to the present still do not have safe and reliable outlet, major part still is discharged into rivers,lakes and seas, not only polluted environment but also wasted valuable resource, production causes huge pressure to these two kinds useless byproduct pollution on the environments to sulfate process titanium dioxide.Spent acid contains 16~18% FeSO 4Utilize titanium white waste acid and byproduct ferrous sulfate to detoxify to cinder from refuse incineration.According to patent WO 98/08628, ferrous oxidation generate in the ferric process can immobilized particles attitude waste material in contained various heavy, but this patent needs complicated treating apparatus to implement, and there is defective in the processing to contained heavy metal chromium (Cr) in the waste material, fail with after-treatment device that the incinerator body links to each other in obtain to use.
Prior art does not still have the burning after-treatment device that a kind of improvement with gas cleaning and incineration residue combines, also effectively utilizes titanium white waste acid and green vitriol.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this utility model provides the waste incineration after-treatment device of the good and treatment of wastes with processes of wastes against one another of a kind of treatment effect.
The technical solution of the utility model is: a kind of waste incineration after-treatment device, and handle two parts by gas cleaning and lime-ash and form.The gas cleaning part is connected with the flue of incinerator outlet; Lime-ash processing section and incinerator slag dropping tube link.In the gas cleaning part, high-temperature reactor and fresh absorbent dispenser and reclaim the absorbent carrier pipe and join, the reactor rear end links to each other with hot precipitator, separates with flue gas with the flying dust that will carry in solid reaction product and the flue gas.The gas vent of hot precipitator is connected with waste heat boiler, and ash hole goes out pit by cinder conveyer structure and incinerator and communicates; Connect the low-temp reaction device behind the waste heat boiler, the low-temp reaction device links to each other with the fresh absorbent dispenser, and its exhanst gas outlet connects the filter bag dust-precipitator; The powder that low-temp reaction device bottom and filter bag dust-precipitator are collected leads to high-temperature reactor by pneumatic carrier, is to reclaim the absorbent carrier pipe.High-temperature reactor, fresh absorbent feeder, hot precipitator, low-temp reaction device, filter bag dust-precipitator and recovery absorbent carrier pipe are formed the gas cleaning part.The slag dropping tube of incinerator lower end immerses in the pit, and the water logging of slagging tap when lime-ash is handled there is not lime-ash.Go out pit and carry connection transfer pit (oxidation pond) by the belt of tapping mechanism, band magnetic separation.Going out pit also is connected with the water storage tank of slagging tap by pipeline.Titanium white waste acid or copperas solution conduct that other is provided with liquid pool configuration reasonable concentration go out pulp water, flow to the water storage tank of slagging tap by pipeline valve.Go out pit, transfer pit (oxidation pond), the water storage tank of slagging tap, liquid pool and continuous conveying mechanism and pipeline valve thereof and form the lime-ash processing section.Above-mentioned gas cleaning part and lime-ash processing section combine and constitute the waste incineration after-treatment device.
High-temperature reactor is " U " type pipe in the above-mentioned treating apparatus, and smoke inlet and outlet are provided with the interface channel of absorbent feed pipe respectively at two ports of " U " type pipe in " U " type pipe smoke inlet one side.
In the connection of above-mentioned each parts of waste incineration after-treatment device, the carrier pipe that the recovery absorbent leads to high-temperature reactor can be connected with flue or the compressed air hose after the supercharging, utilizes flue gas or compressed air as pumped (conveying) medium; The feeder that fresh absorbent is led to high-temperature reactor connects with compressed air hose, with compressed air as pumped (conveying) medium, be installed in the startup and the flow size of the HCl concentration detector control fresh absorbent feeder of high temperature and low-temp reaction device outlet, with HCl in the flue gas and Cl 2Gas is reduced to the level that requires.
Arrange the radiant type water-cooling wall in the incinerator, flue-gas temperature is dropped in 600~800 ℃ of scopes just enter high-temperature reactor.
The slag dropping tube of incinerator is immersed in out going out in the pulp water of pit, for the wet type of routine is slagged tap, but the more conventional water-cooled of volume that goes out pit quench pit at least should be big by 1/3, to guarantee the time of staying of lime-ash.The ash discharging hole of high-temperature reactor and waste heat boiler leads to pit by the cinder conveyer structure, and is provided with strong water-circulating pump near the ash hole of pit and stirs and form negative pressure and avoid flying dust etc. to fly upward being discharged to out.Going out pit top is provided with fluid level controller control and slags tap water storage tank to the valve opening and closing that goes out on the pit pipeline; Go out pit and also be provided with overfall, overfall is provided with filter screen, and overflow flows to transfer pit (oxidation pond) by trench or pipeline, with the lime-ash oxidation.
The lace conveyer leads to the transfer pit after going out pit and being provided with conventional deslagging device, and belt conveyor top is provided with the magnetic force screening installation, to remove iron sheet in the lime-ash etc.
Transfer pit (oxidation pond) is divided into two ponds, and belt conveyor is communicated with two ponds by the grey slag bucket that switches door is arranged, when Dang Yichi carries out oxidation operation, lime-ash is admitted in another pond, oxidation operation finishes, and change in two ponds, and the incineration plant of no transfer pit gets final product going out to establish two holes near the pit in addition.That should establish lime-ash in the transfer pit stirs rabbling mechanism as being with the small-sized turning mixer of compressed air jet pipe, is beneficial to the catalytic oxidation of lime-ash and oxygen.In order to collect the pulp water that goes out that the wet lime-ash that do not evaporate takes out of, connect lime-ash filtrate well at transfer pit low level place, the outlet of leading to lime-ash filtrate well is provided with switch.Whether with monitoring in the oxidizing process of lime-ash pH value suitable, when pH is lower than setting value, drop into a certain amount of lime to the transfer pit if establishing the pH watch-dog in the lime-ash filtrate well.Liquid in the filtrate well with in the flue gas and after lead to foul water system.
Connection, installation between above-mentioned each parts, those skilled in the art can conveniently implement according to the utility model content.
In conjunction with device of the present utility model, the waste incineration last handling process is as follows:
1. after the high-temperature flue gas of incinerator cools in the 600-800 ℃ of scope by the radiation heat release, enter high-temperature reactor, reclaim the absorbent dispenser simultaneously and inwardly be dropped in the low-temperature zone absorbent of partial reaction, absorb acidic gas in flue gas; When the concentration of sour gas in the flue gas such as HCl when normal concentration is above, start the fresh absorbent feeder, further reduce acidic gas concentration, absorbent can be Na 2CO 3Or NaHCO 3, more economical is the soda modified lime, conventional lime is then because at high temperature corresponding HCl equilibrium concentration is too high and inapplicable.2. flue gas enters hot precipitator after going out high-temperature reactor, flying dust is separated with flue gas with solid reaction product, flue gas after the cleaning enters waste heat boiler, 3. adopt conventional low-temp reaction device and filter bag dust-precipitator behind the waste heat boiler, the low-temp reaction device adopts dry cleaning and adds spray humidification and improves reaction efficiency, compare with the half dry type mode, the dry cleaning of band humidification is operated in engineering reality and is controlled more simple, also more reliable.4. reacted absorbent adopts strength to deliver to high-temperature reactor, and the absorbent of partial reaction at high temperature improves activity because decomposition reaction takes place, has improved the utilization ratio of absorbent.5. the flying dust collected of hot precipitator and gas cleaning product are sent into incinerator by ash discharging hole and cinder conveyer structure and are gone out pit, handle with slag, simultaneously at liquid pool preparation titanium white waste acid and byproduct copperas solution, replace pulp water, introduce pit from hopper by pipeline valve, utilize in the alkalescence of lime-ash and the acidity of titanium white waste acid and ferrous sulfate, utilize the heavy metal in the ferrous sulfate stabilized ash contained in titanium white waste acid and the green vitriol simultaneously.6. lime-ash/go out slag-water slurry in going out pit through 0.5~1 hour the Cr VI of anaerobism agitation phase to contain in the stabilized ash, 7. lime-ash enters belt conveyor by deslagging device after stablizing chromium, enters the oxidation of transfer pit to stablize other heavy metal remove material such as iron sheet through the magnetic force sorting unit of belt conveyor top after; When 8. lime-ash draws to an end with the air catalytic oxidation by stirring stirring in the transfer pit, open filtrate (liquid and flow into the filtrate well, detect pH value of filtrate, when the pH value is lower than 9 by lime-ash filtrate, should drop into a certain amount of lime in the transfer pit, filtrate is through the discharging of in the flue gas and back.
Compared with prior art, the utility model device is simple, and installation, enforcement conveniently can be applied to the transformation of existing incinerator, makes easy realization of treatment process and treatment effect very good.The utility model device unites two into one gas cleaning and lime-ash processing, has both administered environment, has reduced again and has controlled useless cost, has a good application prospect.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the utility model device schematic diagram.
The 1st, incinerator, the 2nd, slag dropping tube, the 3rd, radiation heating-surface, the 4th, high-temperature reactor, the 5th, HCl concentration detector, the 6th, hot precipitator; The 7th, waste heat boiler, the 8th, low-temp reaction device, the 9th, filter bag dust-precipitator, the 10th, absorbent warehouse, the 11st, absorbent charging gear, the 12nd, compressed air, the 13rd, water injector, the 14th, the cinder conveyer structure, the 15th, go out pit, the 16th, agitator, the 17th, tapping mechanism, the 18th, belt conveyor, the 19th, magnetic force sorting, the 20th, transfer pit (oxidation pond), the 21st, agitator, the 22nd, the slag bucket of band change-over gate, the 23rd, grab bucket, 24 lime-ash filtrate wells, the 25th, pH value supervising device, the 26th, delivery pipe, the 27th, go out the excessive pipe of pulp water, the 28th, water level controller, the 29th, the water storage tank of slagging tap, the 30th, liquid pool, the 31st, titanium white waste acid; The 32nd, the byproduct green vitriol; The 33rd, water for industrial use, the 34th, reclaim the absorbent carrier pipe, the 35th, flue gas air blast, the 36th, compression flue gas pipeline.
Fig. 2 is a kind of high-temperature reactor schematic diagram.
The 37th, gas approach; The 38th, exhanst gas outlet; The 39th, the absorbent shower nozzle
The specific embodiment
In conjunction with processing procedure, the specific implementation process of narration the utility model device is as follows:
600-800 ℃ the high-temperature flue gas of discharging from the incinerator water wall surface enters high-temperature reactor 4, reactor 4 can be flue reactor or circulating fluid bed reactor, a kind of flue reactor simple in structure as shown in Figure 2, the shower nozzle 39 of absorbent is a wear-resistant steel pipe.Hot precipitator 6 can be a multicyclone, and reactor 4 and deduster 6 are equipped with heat-insulation layer.Deduster 6 can also play the effect of auxiliary reactor except that having the function of collecting flying dust and product.The flying dust that deduster 6 is collected and solid reaction product connect that vertical ash tube leads to out pit 15 by stainless steel conveying worm or belt conveyor 14 and slag is handled together after by unloading valve.Ash tube is a common steel tube, and ash must be through cooling in advance when adopting the defeated ash of belt conveyor, and the flying dust collected of waste heat boiler is also delivered to out pit and handled together simultaneously.Be made into out pulp water by titanium white waste acid 31 and byproduct green vitriol 32, liquid pool 30, hopper 29 are the containers that are made of plastics, and size is relevant with the capacity of incinerator.29 of liquid pool 30 and hoppers are connected with valve by plastic conduit, and are incorporated into out pit 15 by plastic conduit and valve.Go out pit 15 and be built into by cement, bigger by 1/3 than conventional capacity, tapping mechanism 17 is conventionally form such as Martin's mucking machine.Go out a water circulating pump 16 is set in the pit 15 and implement to stir, there is filter the water circulating pump water sucking mouth.Defeated lime-ash mechanism 18 is a belt conveyor, and has magnetic separation device 19.Transfer pit 20 is oxidation pond, is cement structures, is divided into two districts, and one district admits lime-ash, two districts all can realize the turning stirring during district oxidation, respectively establishes small-sized turning mixer 21 as two districts, or public one of two districts.Wet lime-ash becomes maroon with the air catalytic oxidation, and the filtrate of the slag that does not evaporate flows in the filtrate well 24 by liquid level difference, and filtrate well 24 is a cement structures, communicates with two districts of transfer pit 20 simultaneously, and filtrate is gone into well head and is equipped with gate.PH supervising device 25 in the filtrate well 24 is commercially available standardized product, and discharging tube 26 is carbon steel pipe or stainless steel tube.After a collection of wet lime-ash enters the transfer pit, start agitator 21 and stir stirring, wet lime-ash is fully contacted with oxygen, oxidization time is generally more than 1 hour; For accelerated oxidation, can adopt installing compressed air spout on mixer 21.
Cold precipitator 8 is set behind waste heat boiler is conventional smoke eliminator, adopt dry cleaning and spray humidification, compare with half dry type, this form is more simple and reliable.Dust arrester installation 9 is modal filter bag dust-precipitator, and the gas cleaning product and the unreacted absorbent of collection are delivered to high-temperature reactor 4 by carrier pipe 34, and carrier pipe 34 is a steel pipe, and interior employing flue gas or air are as pumped (conveying) medium.
Certainly, the utility model is not limited to foregoing description, and for example agitator 16 also can adopt the frame anchor agitator except that adopting water-circulating pump, and reclaiming absorbent carrier pipe 34 can also replace with other cinder conveyer structure such as conveying worm.

Claims (7)

1. waste incineration after-treatment device, handling two parts by gas cleaning and lime-ash forms, what it is characterized in that the connection of incinerator outlet (3) back is high-temperature reactor (4), high-temperature reactor (4) joins with fresh absorbent dispenser (11), connect carrier pipe (34) simultaneously from the recovery absorbent of low-temp reaction device (8) and filter bag dust-precipitator (9), high-temperature reactor (4) rear end and hot precipitator (6) link, the gas vent of hot precipitator (6) and waste heat boiler (7) link, it behind the waste heat boiler (7) conventional low-temp reaction device (8), low-temp reaction device (8) links with fresh absorbent dispenser (11) and water injector (13), be filter bag dust-precipitator (9) thereafter, the powder that collect reactor (8) and dust-precipitator (9) bottom is to reclaim its carrier pipe of absorbent (34) to communicate with high-temperature reactor (4), the ash hole of hot precipitator (6) goes out pit (15) by cinder conveyer structure (14) and incinerator and connects, the slag dropping tube (2) of incinerator (1) lower end with go out pit (15) and communicate, go out pit (15) by tapping mechanism (17), belt conveyor (18) connects transfer pit (20), going out pit also connects with the water storage tank of slagging tap (29) by pipeline, other has the titanium white waste acid of liquid pool (30) configuration reasonable concentration or the conduct of green vitriol solution to go out pulp water, and pipeline valve connects slag tap water storage tank (29) and liquid pool (30).
2. waste incineration after-treatment device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that high-temperature reactor is " U " type pipe, smoke inlet (37), exhanst gas outlet (38) are in " U " type pipe two-port, and absorbent feed pipe (11) and recovery absorbent carrier pipe (34) are in " U " type pipe one side.
3. waste incineration after-treatment device according to claim 1 is characterized in that reclaiming absorbent carrier pipe (34) and connects supercharging flue (36) or compressed air hose (12), and fresh absorbent dispenser (11) connects compressed air hose (12).
4. waste incineration after-treatment device according to claim 1 is characterized in that the preceding incinerator of high-temperature reactor (4) has water wall surface.
5. waste incineration after-treatment device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that agitator (16) is arranged in the pit (15), fluid level controller (28) is controlled the valve opening and closing on the water lines of slagging tap in addition, the overflow outlet that goes out pit (15) has filter screen, and overflow is fed in the transfer pit (20) by trench or pipeline.
6. waste incineration after-treatment device according to claim 1 is characterized in that pit (15) by the logical transfer pit (20) of conventional deslagging device (17) back lace conveyer (18), has magnetic force screening installation (19) on the belt conveyor (18).
7. waste incineration after-treatment device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that transfer pit (20) is two parts, belt conveyor (18) all can communicate with two parts by switching mechanism (22), every part is all stirred and is stirred facility (21), and transfer pit (20) low level place connects lime-ash filtrate well (24) by switch.
CN 03227944 2003-01-03 2003-01-03 Refuse burning aftertreatment apparatus Expired - Fee Related CN2593068Y (en)

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CN 03227944 CN2593068Y (en) 2003-01-03 2003-01-03 Refuse burning aftertreatment apparatus

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106958827A (en) * 2017-05-22 2017-07-18 洛阳昊海工贸有限公司 A kind of dangerous waste incinerator slag total system
CN114713592A (en) * 2022-03-31 2022-07-08 天津华能杨柳青热电有限责任公司 Device and method for preparing mineral wool by utilizing waste ash of waste incineration power plant
CN117889440A (en) * 2024-02-26 2024-04-16 中国科学院力学研究所 Household garbage incineration power generation system utilizing high-temperature steam parameters and transformation method

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106958827A (en) * 2017-05-22 2017-07-18 洛阳昊海工贸有限公司 A kind of dangerous waste incinerator slag total system
CN114713592A (en) * 2022-03-31 2022-07-08 天津华能杨柳青热电有限责任公司 Device and method for preparing mineral wool by utilizing waste ash of waste incineration power plant
CN117889440A (en) * 2024-02-26 2024-04-16 中国科学院力学研究所 Household garbage incineration power generation system utilizing high-temperature steam parameters and transformation method

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