CN2575317Y - Light bulb through-flow type small hydroelectric power generator set - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a fuel constant temperature low burning control system for a diesel locomotive, which is the improvement of a fuel system of the existing diesel. The utility model has main measures that a fuel constant temperature control valve is arranged in order to automatically control the degree of preheating; a flow chart of a preheating system is reformed so that the returning fuel of a safety valve and fuel for the operation of the diesel both are preheated; a fuel temperature meter is arranged in order to monitor the temperature of the fuel, and the angle between a fuel returning pipe opening and a fuel sucking pipe opening is regulated so as to reinforce the preheating of a fuel tank. The system has the advantages of safety, small investment, small reforming quantity, no extra maintenance, no extra maintenance workload, etc., and the cost of maintenance is not increased.

Description

Internal combustion locomotive fuel oil constant temperature low fever control system

Technical field

The utility model relates to a kind of diesel fuel system, is specially adapted to the internal combustion locomotive fuel control system of constant temperature low fever diesel oil.

Background technique

The internal combustion locomotive diesel consumption is very big, and expense is very high, for reducing cost, has proposed in the winter time by selecting for use the way than a usually low label diesel oil to reduce locomotive operation cost techniques scheme.

General internal combustion locomotive requires to choose different performance with seasonal variations, the fuel oil of the different trades mark, according to local physical environment temperature conditions, under the situation of not taking any special technique safeguard, the normal diesel oil that adopts a certain label, generally: No. 0 Diesel oil is suitable for the lowest temperature more than 4 ℃,-No. 10 Diesel oils are suitable for more than the lowest temperature-5 ℃,-No. 20 Diesel oils are fit to more than the lowest temperature-14 ℃,-No. 35 Diesel oils are suitable for more than the lowest temperature-29 ℃, and-No. 50 Diesel oils are suitable for more than the lowest temperature-44 ℃.So-called low fever is meant after taking certain safeguard, adopts the diesel oil than low No. one or No. two of common label.Be known as than common label low and be low fever No. 1, be known as than common label low two and be low fever No. 2; Because the price of high grade diesel oil is higher than low-grade price, its price difference is the cost of saving.Therefore implement low burning technology, can reduce the unit price of used diesel oil, reach the purpose that reduces production costs.

For many years, cold area has been taked various fuel Heating measures on internal combustion locomotive, as: various electric tracing thermal insulation devices, fuel tank install hot-water line (heating installation) etc. additional; Consider from the locomotive operation angle,, still have fire safety evaluating hidden danger, and investment is big, to install workload additional big, also can increase energy consumption, increases additional maintenance and maintenance work amount and cost though the electric tracing thermal insulation device has been taked multiple anti-explosion safety measure; And install hot-water line additional or claim the scheme of heating installation at fuel tank in conjunction with locomotive overhaul, it is big to install workload additional, and investment is big, the transformation cycle is long, does not carry out the control of the highest fuel oil temperature at present, in case and the fuel tank water lines leak and enter fuel tank, can not in time find, find that the back maintenance process is also very difficult.As: just design Heater hose in the ND4 type locomotive fuel tank, dailyly can't carry out running repairs maintenance at all, during fault, can only excise processing.

Some internal combustion locomotive has designed the fuel-firing preheating function, in cold season, when needing heated fuel oil, unlatching is the stop valve on the diesel engine outlet water lines from the diesel engine high-temperature cooling water system, diesel engine high-temperature cooling water without cooling is introduced oil preheater, adopt the mode of profit heat exchange, the fuel oil that flows through oil preheater is carried out preheating.But, the oil preheater of types such as DF4 series, DF8B, DF11 is installed in fuel oil pressure-limit valve branch road, the fuel oil that can only the preheating diesel engine overflows to fuel oil pressure-limit valve branch road intermediate fuel oil pressure-limit valve, to the safety valve branch road with enter the fuel oil of diesel engine work, can't preheating; And the recirculating oil quantity of fuel oil pressure limiting branch road is influenced by diesel engine work, reduces gradually when loading from low to high, even is zero, (as: DF4 is 0 when reaching 12-13 position handle); The effect of fuel-firing preheating is influenced by diesel engine work also just, and when loading from low to high, pre-heat effect reduces gradually, when reaching certain load, loses pre-heat effect.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of this utility model is the shortcoming that overcomes prior art, makes improvements, and provides a kind of internal combustion locomotive of diesel oil that uses to carry out the oil-fired system that the constant temperature low fever controls, and can use the diesel oil lower than common label northerly winter.

The technical solution of the utility model is achieved in that a kind of oil-fired system of using constant temperature low fever controlling combustion engine car, be formed by connecting by fuel tank, fuel preliminary filter, stop valve, transfer pump, check valve, secondary filter, pressure-limit valve, safety valve, oil preheater and pipeline, its special way is:

(1), oil preheater is arranged on the place, fuel manifold road behind the fuel transfer pump;

(2), fuel preliminary filter is arranged on after the oil preheater;

(3), the return flow oil pipe in the fuel tank make "

" shape or "

" shape;

(4), the fuel oil temperature meter is set in fuel tank;

(5), the temperature transducer setting value of warm cooling water is 74-82 ℃;

(6), the fuel oil thermostatic control valve is installed on the oil circuit of oil preheater import.

The utility model compared with prior art has the following advantages:

Safe and reliable, investment is little, the retrofit work amount is few, does not increase additional maintenance and maintenance work amount, does not increase maintenance cost etc.; Because what utilize is high-temperature cooling water, not only energy free consumption can also reduce the auxiliary power consumption of hydrostatic cooling system simultaneously.Simultaneously, after adding the oil bunkering thermostatic control valve, realize the restriction of the hot temperature of fuel oil maximum prefetch, guaranteed application safety.Behind the fuel oil thermostatic control valve, realize the restriction of the hot temperature of fuel oil maximum prefetch, guaranteed application safety.The fuel oil thermostatic control valve can also be controlled at optimum range to fuel oil temperature in other seasons, improves the Economy of diesel engine.

Description of drawings:

Fig. 1 is the utility model structural representation.

Fig. 2 is existing diesel fuel system flow chart.

Fig. 3 is a fuel flow path schematic representation of the present utility model.

Fig. 4 is fuel sucking pipe and the return line structure schematic representation in the fuel tank.

Among the figure:

1. fuel tank 2. oil preheaters 3. safety valves 4. check valves 5. fuel transfer pumps

6. fuel preliminary filter 7. stop valves 8. sump oil casees 9. diesel engine pressure-limit valves

10. pressure gauge 11.I driver's cab intermediate fuel oil pressure gauge before the fuel oil essence is filtered

12.II driver's intermediate fuel oil pressure gauge 13. secondary fuel oil filters 14. thermostatic control valves

15. fuel oil temperature meter 16. fuel sucking pipes 17. return tubes

Embodiment: describe the utility model most preferred embodiment in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing: 1, the improvement of locomotive oil-fired system flow process

At first, the branch road of oil preheater 2 after by original pressure-limit valve 9 changed to the place, fuel manifold road behind the fuel transfer pump 5, cold area can consider to install additional more on this basis an oil preheater 2, perhaps utilize former mounting point, reequip the preheater that pre-thermal characteristics is more excellent, simultaneously for preventing the low fuel preliminary filter 6 that stops up of fuel tank 1 fuel oil temperature, preferably fuel preliminary filter 6 is changed to (referring to accompanying drawing 3) after the oil preheater 2, in the former design of homemade each type locomotive, 2 of oil preheaters carry out preheating to the strile-back fuel oil of fuel tank 1 branch road of fuel oil pressure-limit valve 9, the fuel oil of the remaining fuel tank 1 that strile-backs when unique effect is the work of preheating diesel engine, its pre-heat effect is influenced by diesel engine work, when loading from low to high, diesel engine uses diesel oil to increase gradually, and pressure-limit valve 9 branch road oil returns reduce gradually, so pre-heat effect reduces gradually, when reaching certain load when above (as 13 of DF4A type locomotive main handles), even pressure-limit valve 9 not oil returns, pre-heat effect lost.By improving, can carry out preheating equally to the oil return of safety valve 3, under any load condition, can bring into play the pre-heat effect of oil preheater 2 like this, but also can be for the fuel oil that enters diesel engine work further preheating again.The position of oil preheater 2 must be installed at after the fuel transfer pump 5, fuel pressures when diesel engine is worked like this in the oil preheater 2 are higher than cooling water pressure, in case fault, fuel oil can only be scurried in the water, observe discovery in time and processing by the water tank water meter, avoid cooling water to scurry in the fuel oil, cause adverse consequences.

The fuel oil that flows through preheater 2 before the improvement is pressure-limit valve 9 flows in the table; The fuel oil that flows through preheater 2 after the improvement is the total discharge in the table:

Table 1: fuel flow test chart

Test locomotive: DF4-436

Relation in the above-mentioned fuel flow test chart between each flow, analyze theoretically, also can draw same conclusion, with the DF4 type locomotive is example: the index of relevant oil-fired system is as follows in " dong feng 4 internal combustion locomotive shed repair rules ": when the fuel pump rotating speed is 1350r/min (open machine before by storage battery power supply 96V time), outlet pressure is 0.35Mpa; When the fuel pump rotating speed is 1450r/min (open behind the machine by auxiliary generator power supply 110V time), outlet pressure is 0.50Mpa, the cracking pressure of fuel oil safety valve 3 is 0.25 ± 0.015Mpa, relatively these indexs and consider the resistance factor of secondary fuel oil filter 13 are carried out theory analysis and can be drawn the variation relation between each flow in the above-mentioned fuel flow test chart equally.2, the improvement of fuel tank return tube 17

Fuel tank 1 return tube 17 of type locomotives such as DF4 series, DF8B, DF11 is " J " word shape, in the former design, 17 mouthfuls of straight inlet ports of return tube to fuel sucking pipe 16, and fuel sucking pipe also has expanding to a certain degree to be the horn mouth shape for 16 mouthfuls, like this, the deep fat that returns is directly siphoned away by fuel sucking pipe 16, and 1 effect of preheating fuel tank is very limited; Adjust the relative angle between 16 mouthfuls of the fuel tank oil return mouth of pipe 17 and the fuel sucking pipes, as change into " " shape or " " form, and note avoiding the oil suction tube, can part or all of heating oil stream in fuel tank 1, mix like this, thereby add the effect of strong pre-heating fuel tank 1 fuel oil greatly with fuel tank 1 cold fuel oil; Too dirty for preventing fuel tank 1, can be 17 mouthfuls of return tubes towards oblique upper, as shown in Figure 4.3, adjust the high-temperature cooling water heat responsive element

In the winter protection phase, the high-temperature cooling water heat responsive element is changed into 74-82 ℃ by 66-74 ℃, in being lower than 88 ℃ of permissible ranges, improve the operating temperature of high temperature cooling fan as far as possible, thereby can enter former cause 66-74 ℃ cooling water oil preheater 2 and carry out heat exchange with fuel oil, change 74-82 ℃ cooling water into and enter oil preheater 2 and carry out heat exchange, strengthen heat exchange action, strengthen the ability of pre-heating oil once more with fuel oil.4, install fuel oil temperature table 15 additional

Can install the demonstration that fuel oil temperature table 15 is realized fuel oil temperature, at-once monitor fuel oil temperature situation of change additional in oil-fired system; In conjunction with machine oil, cooling water temperature, again according to the diesel oil trade mark that uses, comprehensive brake locomotive is beaten the temperature requirement of temperature for machine oil, cooling water, diesel oil winter.As when using No. 0 diesel oil, when the regulation fuel oil temperature drops to 10 ℃, beat temperature, requiring 20 ℃ winter with cooling water, to beat Wen Buhui icing the same, as long as possess enough heated fuel oil abilities, can fuel oil temperature be controlled at more than 10 ℃ by beating temperature fully in the winter time.5, add oil bunkering thermostatic control valve 14

We know that fuel oil flash-point index is considered as the safety index of oil plant usually, and fuel oil is overheated, Security is reduced, and fuel oil can make the fuel oil unstability rise than heat, is easy to generate sludge, in general the use, fuel oil temperature will hang down 10 ℃ at least than flash temperature, could guarantee the Security of utilization.If effect is not limited to fuel-firing preheating, just there is fuel oil temperature to surpass the possibility of safety range, particularly, be easy to surpass safety range by the fuel oil in the return tube 17 between the fuel tank 1 after the oil preheater preheating.Simultaneously, also should consider the stability of oil and the Economy of burning.Fuel oil temperature surpasses safety range when preventing the winter preheating, or summer do not close that factor such as oil preheater 2 water route valves causes the excessive preheating of fuel oil and the safety range that surpasses fuel oil, guarantee the Security and the stability of fuel oil, except that can artificially adjusting oil preheater 2 water route valves, preferably adding oil bunkering thermostatic control valve 14 controls automatically, especially the DF4D type locomotive because its profit temperature is higher than about 10 ℃ of other types, more should consider to avoid the excessive preheating of fuel oil; Work out desirable fuel oil thermostatically control scope, should take all factors into consideration Security, stability and the Economy of fuel oil, because domestic present shortage is to the research of the stability and the Economy of fuel oil, this programme is used for reference the thermostatically control scope of ND5 type locomotive, is set at 20-30 ℃.The action principle of fuel oil thermostatic control valve 14 and the thermostatic control valve of hydrostatic pressure system are similar, it is exactly temperature controlled three-way valve, when fuel oil temperature is lower than prescribe a time limit under the thermostatic element (as 20 ℃), fuel oil all carries out preheating by oil preheater 2, temperature is higher than (as: 30 ℃) fuel oil of prescribing a time limit on the thermostatic element all by fuel pipe in parallel, fuel oil does not carry out preheating, temperature is on thermostatic element, (as: 20-30 ℃) fuel oil part is carried out preheating by oil preheater 2 in limited time down, part is not carried out preheating by the fuel pipe of parallel connection, and fuel oil temperature is controlled at about 30 ℃.Add the requirement that not only can satisfy the highest fuel-firing preheating temperature of restriction during low fever's diesel oil in winter behind the oil bunkering thermostatic control valve 14, also can be in other season of cold area or the effect of playing suitable preheating diesel oil the whole year of non-cold area, setting by the thermostatic element working value, control the fuel oil temperature that enters diesel engine work more accurately and remain on optimum range, thereby can improve the Economy of diesel engine.

Claims (1)

1, a kind of internal combustion locomotive fuel oil constant temperature low fever control system, be formed by connecting by fuel tank, oil preheater, safety valve, check valve, fuel transfer pump, fuel preliminary filter, stop valve, sump oil case, pressure-limit valve, secondary fuel oil filter, thermostatic valve, thermometer and pipeline, it is characterized in that:

(1), oil preheater is arranged on the place, fuel manifold road behind the fuel transfer pump;

(2), fuel preliminary filter is arranged on after the oil preheater;

(3), the return flow oil pipe in the fuel tank is made Shape or

Shape;

(4), the fuel oil temperature meter is set in fuel tank;

(5), the temperature transducer setting value of warm cooling water is 74-82 ℃;

(6), the fuel oil thermostatic control valve is installed on the oil circuit of oil preheater import.

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