CN2571530Y - Laser blast wave technology based quick mould mfg. device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a mould machining device for small batch productions of parts, such as automobile covering parts, etc., which is especially suitable for directly making into stretching moulds and bending moulds by making use of thick sheet metals. The device is composed of a laser generator, a light guiding system, a punching head, a workpiece fixture system and a control system, the laser generator is connected with the punching head through the light guiding system, the control system respectively controls the laser generator, the punching head and the workpiece fixture system, wherein, the light guiding system comprises a multi-shaft system composed of a light guiding pipe, a total reflecting mirror, a focusing mirror, a reflecting mirror for a movable holder and a spherical joint head which are connected with the laser generator and the punching head, the workpiece fixture system comprises a workpiece, a workpiece fixture and a workbench which cover an energy converting body, and the control system is composed of a laser displacement probe, a controller, a computer and a laser controller. The utility model has the advantages of precise and controllable laser parameter, good repeatability and easy realization of automatic productions. The utility model can carry out large sheet complicated forming to make complicated steel sheet moulds, and can also carry out local fine quantitative precise forming.

Description

A kind of rapid die-manufacturing device based on laser shock wave technology

Affiliated technical field

The utility model relates to mould processing device, refers in particular to a kind of device of the quickly manufacturing mould based on laser shock wave technology, is specially adapted to utilize the thick sheet metal material directly to make Drawing Die and bending die, is used for the small lot batch manufacture of parts such as automobile panel.

Background technology

Extensively adopt mould to come converted products in the mechanical industry, make with Mould Machining as 80% parts are arranged on the automobile approximately.In the whole cycle of " design of vehicle design → mould and debugging → operation ", mould design and manufacturing account for for 2/3 time, and the manufacturing cost of mould is very expensive, and the manufacturing cycle is also longer, become the restraining factors of vehicle body remodeling and new product development.How to realize that molding quickly and accurately is the key that shortens new product development cycle.At present, common rapid die-manufacturing method has: utilize the exemplar system of turning over, direct numerical control processing and the steel plate mould etc. of the manufacturing of RPM technology several.Exemplar with the manufacturing of RPM technology turns over molding jig, because the dimensional accuracy of exemplar and the demoulding shrinkage factor of mold materials cause mould and die accuracy not high, and the die life of low-melting alloy are shorter; The direct numerical control processing mold is that the three-dimensional mould figure that utilizes CAD to draw generates numerical control program, directly finishes by polishing after the CNC milling machine milling, and be a kind of method that extensively adopts at present, its deficiency is that allowance is bigger, waste of material is more; The steel plate mould is directly to adopt suitable method combination by metal blank and be formed by connecting.Two kinds of methods are arranged at present: the one, the usefulness laser cutting sheet metal addition method that people such as the middle river prestige hero of Tokyo Univ Japan propose is made mould, and obtains patent of invention " Manufacture of press blanking die by laser cutting " (patent No. JP55165239).Its three-dimensional CAD figure with mould carries out hierarchy slicing and becomes the two-dimensional section shape, the laser cutting cross section profile, and multi-layered sheet stack assembling, connection obtain required mould solid geometry shape then.This method is to approach die face with straight line (small stair), also need remove step for this reason and create into the face finishing step.Because the thin slice sheet thickness can not be too big, cause thin slice quantity more, and the connection difficulty between the thin slice is higher, thereby mold integral intensity is lower, the profile precision is not high.Another kind method is that the die face shape is divided into several zonules, approach die face with the facet sheet, the facet sheet is connected into an integral body, form die face with the grinder buffing weld seam then by welding method, and in suitable position increase support, to improve rigidity.This method is because quantity, welding and the polishing of little curved surface and the factors such as distortion that cause thus bring considerable influence also for the profile precision of mould, so only be used for the not high part forming of precision.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of this utility model is to be provided for the device that the steel plate mould is made fast, it can directly form high strength structure plate, and at high hardness and the compressive residual stress of molded surface generation, and can obtain higher size, form accuracy and surface roughness.

Realize that being characterized as by laser instrument generator, light-conducting system, impact head, workpiece clamp system, control system of device of this purpose form, laser generator connects the impact head through light-conducting system, and control system is controlled laser generator respectively, impacted head, workpiece clamp system.Wherein light-conducting system by light pipe, total reflective mirror, focus lamp, move a seat speculum, spherical joint head and form and connect a laser generator and a multiple axes system that impacts, workpiece clamp system comprises workpiece, work piece holder, the workbench that covers energy transfer medium, and control system is made up of laser displacement probe, controller, computer, laser controller.The axle that connects the laser-impact head by move a seat speculum, the spherical joint head is formed, and be provided with the laser displacement probe and link to each other with controller.

The course of work of this device is as follows:

(1) according to the size shape of processing parts, unfolding calculation blank dimension, the laser cutting plate is to required blank shape, and is clamped on the anchor clamps of numerical control table, NC table;

(2) according to part shape and the material property that is used for the steel plate mould, optimize technological parameter and track that laser head is walked that laser blast wave is shaped, establishment NC procedure;

(3) cover energy transfer medium at surface of the work, use high energy pulse laser-impact power conversion surface, make energy-absorbing layer vaporization, ionization, the blast of formation plasma, produce the high-amplitude shock wave, with this deformation force as the material Plastic Forming.By changing pulsed laser energy, pulse width, pulse shape and laser beam mode, can obtain the plastic deformation force of different time and spatial distribution;

(4) according to the laser technical parameters of optimizing such as the pulse number of pulse energy, spot size and the laser-impact track and the zone of action, impact by multi-axis numerical control system control carrying out in an orderly manner pointwise, the stress application pulse realizes accurate partial plastic forming of plate or monolithic molding;

(5) by on-line measuring device, measure the deflection and the error of plate in the plate shock wave forming process, regulate the defocusing amount and the impact direction of laser-impact head by control system, and pulsed laser energy, to realize that plate slightly is washed into shape and fine-punching formation;

(6) deburring and suitably reinforcing formation steel plate mould.

The utility model is owing to adopt laser blast wave as the plastic force source that makes the steel plate mould, thereby it is the contactless shaping of no mould, is particularly suitable for the car panel die manufacturing of local reverse pull and stretch and bulging; Because adopt the optics and the fiber device of light beam leaded light and beam split, and multi-shaft interlocked workbench, so it can realize horizontal impact and impact along normal direction that promptly 3 D stereo impacts.Because laser parameter is accurately controlled, so good reproducibility, easily realize automated production; Because laser spot size can focus to micron dimension to Centimeter Level, be shaped so can carry out the complexity of big plate, can carry out local fine quantitative Accurate Shaping again.The minimum controllable deflection 0.035mm that the pulse shock wave is shaped, maximum controllable deforming amount reaches several mm, and can adjust laser spot size according to the radius of curvature of part, Commonly Used Size is Φ 2～Φ 10mm, thereby the steel plate die size of formed thereby has bigger adjustable range, has bigger flexibility; Adaptability is strong, the surface quality before the steel formability is required to be lower than conventional Sheet Metal Forming Technology, and make the roughness of profiled surface improve 1～2 grade; Because laser blast wave forms hardened layer and high-amplitude residual compressive stress at material surface, therefore improved the stability of sheet forming spare, almost there is not resilience, also be that the steel plate mould has higher precision.The surface quality of drip molding improves simultaneously, reduces as surface roughness, and hardness raising, grain refinement, workpiece anti-fatigue performance and anti-stress corrosion performance significantly improve, and can save follow-up manufacturing procedure and surface treatment procedure.

Description of drawings

The utility model is described in further detail below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.

Fig. 1 is the device schematic diagram of making according to the quick steel plate mould based on laser shock wave technology that the utility model proposes.

Fig. 2 is according to the steel plate mould laser blast wave shaping principle schematic that the utility model proposes.1. laser instrument generator 2. laser beams 3. light pipes 4. total reflective mirrors 5. move a speculum 6. and move a speculum 7. spherical joint heads 8. impact 9. work piece holders, 10. workpiece, 11. laser displacement probes, 12. workbench, 13. digital control system controllers, 14. computers, 15. laser controllers, 16. energy transfer mediums, 17. plasma

The specific embodiment

Describe the details and the working condition of the concrete device that the utility model proposes in detail below in conjunction with Fig. 1.

This device comprises a laser instrument generator (1) and light-conducting system, impacts head (8), workpiece clamp system, control system.Light-conducting system comprises light pipe (3), total reflective mirror (4), spherical joint head (7), moves seat speculum (5,6) etc., workpiece clamp system comprises workpiece (10), the work piece holder (9) of workbench (12), surface coverage energy transfer medium (16), and control system is made up of computer (14), digital control system controller (13), laser displacement probe (11).

The laser instrument produce power is the laser pulse of 8～80 nanoseconds in 10～100 Jiao Er, duration, and the facular model of laser beam (2) can be various modes such as basic mode, multimode, and it is regulated and control by laser controller (15).The laser beam that is produced by laser instrument (1) impacts on the workpiece (10) by impacting head (8) through light-conducting system.Impacting head (8) can rotate around spherical joint head (7), and focus lamp is arranged in it, impacts head and workpiece distance by regulating, and can change spot size.This device can realize that three are moved and impact the rotation of head around the joint, thereby realizes five-axle linkage, and workpiece (10) is carried out the solid forming operation.

As shown in Figure 2, laser beam (2) through light-conducting system output sends from impacting head (8), act on the energy transfer medium (16) that sticks on the workpiece, after energy transfer medium (16) absorbs superlaser, vaporization rapidly, ionization form plasma (17), plasma (17) continues to absorb laser energy, form detonation wave, generation is to the high-amplitude shock wave of metal blank workpiece (10) internal communication, because of its surge pressure is far longer than the dynamic yield strength of metal blank, make metal blank produce deflection h.Workpiece (10) is fixed on the work piece holder (9), and work piece holder (9) is fixed on the workbench (12) again.Digital control system is sent numerical control instruction control workbench (12) and is impacted head (8) and make multiaxial motion, rectilinear motion or rotation, thereby the three-dimensional stereo forming of realization steel plate mould.

Claims (3)

1. rapid die-manufacturing device based on laser shock wave technology, comprise control system, workpiece clamp system, it is characterized in that connecting impact head (8) by laser generator (1) through light-conducting system forms impact unit, control system is controlled laser generator (1) respectively, is impacted head (8), a workpiece clamp system.

2. a kind of rapid die-manufacturing device according to claim 1 based on laser shock wave technology, the axle that it is characterized in that connecting the laser-impact head by move a seat speculum (5,6), spherical joint head (7) is formed.

3. a kind of rapid die-manufacturing device based on laser shock wave technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that being provided with laser displacement probe (11) and is connected to form on-line measuring device with laser controller (5).

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