CN2514538Y - Automatic power servo unit for solar battery - Google Patents
Automatic power servo unit for solar battery Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN2514538Y CN2514538Y CN 01252415 CN01252415U CN2514538Y CN 2514538 Y CN2514538 Y CN 2514538Y CN 01252415 CN01252415 CN 01252415 CN 01252415 U CN01252415 U CN 01252415U CN 2514538 Y CN2514538 Y CN 2514538Y
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- circuit
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- solar cell
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a solar cell automatic power servo device. A power conversion circuit transforms the direct current output by the solar cell into a finite voltage to supply power to loads under the control of a pulse-wide modulation PWM circuit. The current of a loading return circuit is sampled, the fall of the loading current identifies that the current finely adjusts the duty cycle of a power transformer through a voltage adjustment circuit and the PWM circuit when the loading current falls, thereby ensuring that the power transformer always works at the maximum power output point of the solar cell. The utility model is characterized in that the circuit control has no quantity operation, the processing procedures are less, the circuit errors have no influences to the control results, and the control is accurate and fine, additionally the circuit structure is simple and the cost is low.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to solar cell, and the solar cell automatic control equipment of electric energy particularly can automatically be provided to load with maximum power under various illumination, temperature conditions.
Technical background
At present, the mankind utilize the research of aspect very active to solar energy, and especially technology reaches its maturity aspect solar cell, and application also more and more widely.Be in the electric power system of the energy with the solar cell, conventional power circuit is because of being with fixed voltage, current work, and the actual power utilance is not high.Some solar cell power tracking circuit are also arranged in the prior art, and they are operated in fixing magnitude of voltage and are aided with temperature or illuminance compensation.Yet under different illumination and temperature conditions, solar cell optimal discharge voltage is indefinite, and above Circuits System can't be carried out fine compensation, tracking.
The disclosed a kind of power-supply device of known Chinese patent publication number CN1171650A, its operation principle is to detect the output voltage and the electric current of solar cell, and this voltage and current value multiplied each other in described multiplier obtain output power value, and output switch circuit is carried out a series of adjustment by described maximum power point detection device, in order to follow the tracks of maximum power point (mpp).But processing of circuit links such as described electric current, voltage detecting circuit, multiplier and maximum power checkout gear are too much, and the trueness error of each link circuit will have influence on final result to a great extent, cause the skew of real work point and maximum power point (mpp).Because described power-supply device circuit structure is too complicated, application cost is higher in addition.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved in the utility model is: provide that a kind of data processing link is few, circuit structure is simple, cost is low, under different light, temperature conditions, always can accurately work in maximum power point, thereby improve the solar cell automated power servomechanism installation of the utilance of solar cell.
The utility model solves the problems of the technologies described above the technical scheme that is adopted: its input is connected with solar cell, and it comprises the power inverter that the direct current of solar cell output is transformed into the voltage that is fit to the load use; Be connected on the load of power inverter output; Power inverter is carried out the pwm circuit of pulse width control; The voltage sampling regulating circuit that solar cell output services voltage is taken a sample and operating voltage range is tentatively regulated; The voltage-regulating circuit that solar cell output services voltage is accurately adjusted; The load current sample circuit that the loop current of load is taken a sample; Described load current is carried out the time difference relatively to produce the load current decline judging circuit of load current falling pulse signal.
The utility model solar cell automated power servomechanism installation, allow solar cell earlier with certain fixed voltage work, then according to the operating voltage of output loop electric current micromatic setting, when the output loop electric current is maximum, the power maximum that device obtains from solar cell, this moment, corresponding operating voltage was the optimum operating voltage under precondition, and consequently under various illumination, temperature conditions, solar cell is always operating at maximum power point (mpp).
The variation tendency that the utility model just rises or descends output load current in described electric current time difference comparator is differentiated, thereby the height to operating voltage carries out fine adjustment, all the time there is not the computing of physical quantity numerical value aspect, therefore the precision of each circuit part can reach very high control precision to the not influence of final result of control.In addition, the utility model circuit structure is simple, cost is low.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the circuit structure diagram of the utility model embodiment
Fig. 2 is the structure chart of the described load current decline of Fig. 1 judging circuit 6 and voltage-regulating circuit 5
Fig. 3 is the utility model embodiment workflow diagram
Fig. 4 is the working timing figure of load current decline judging circuit among the embodiment
Fig. 5 is the output characteristic curve of solar cell
Fig. 6 is the output I/V curve of solar cell under the different condition
Specific embodiments
The circuit structure diagram of the utility model embodiment as shown in Figure 1, its input is connected with solar cell 1, and output is connected with accumulator load 7, and it comprises the direct voltage V with solar cell 1 output
InChange into and be fit to the output voltage V that load is used
OutPower inverter 2; Power inverter 2 is carried out the pwm circuit 3 of pulse width modulation controlled; By the resistance R that is serially connected in accumulator load 7 output loops
oThe load current sample circuit 8 that constitutes; The sampling current that load current sample circuit 8 is produced amplifies, handles, and produces the load current decline judging circuit 6 of a load current falling pulse signal when load current descends; Can by load current descend judging circuit 6 output load current falling pulse signal triggering and can be to adjusting capacitor C
3Discharge and recharge operation accurately, be used for accurately controlling the voltage-regulating circuit 5 of the output pulse width of pulse width modulator PWM3; Voltage control signal is provided for pwm circuit 3, and definite solar cell 1 output services voltage range by potentiometer W and resistance R
1The voltage sampling regulating circuit of forming 4.Power inverter 2 outputs are connected with load 7.
Power inverter 2 is by being serially connected in the switch element T, the outputting inductance L that are subjected to pwm circuit 3 outputs control between solar cell 1 and the outputting inductance L, being connected on output voltage V
OutThe output capacitance C of end
2, switching diode D constitutes.Power inverter 2 under the control of pwm circuit 3, the direct voltage V that solar cell 1 is produced
InConvert the direct voltage V that is fit to accumulator load 7 to
Out, accumulators load 7 chargings.Capacitor C
1, C
2Be respectively input, output filter capacitor.
As shown in Figure 2 load current decline judging circuit 6 and voltage-regulating circuit 5, load current decline judging circuit 6 comprises: the load current signal I that load current sample circuit 8 is provided
iAmplify by amplifier U
1The sampling current amplifier of forming 9; Will be through analog switch SW
1Be kept at C
4On previous time current signal and instant current signal constantly compare by amplifier U
2The electric current time difference comparator of forming 10; Through analog switch SW
2Constantly the load current dropping signal of electric current time difference comparator 10 outputs is carried out shaping when in sight and export a load current falling pulse signal by amplifier U
3The electric current falling pulse of forming forms circuit 11; Clocking S
1, S
2Control analog switch SW
1, SW
2, form the circuit 11 clock road 12 of sequential working on request to cooperate electric current time difference comparator 10 and electric current falling pulse.
Voltage-regulating circuit 5 comprises: can be by the descend flip-flop circuit 13 of the load current falling pulse signal triggering that judging circuit 6 exported of load current; Positive output end Q by flip-flop circuit 13 controls, gives at the high level state of Q and adjust capacitor C
3The charging constant-current source 14 of charging; By the reversed-phase output Q control of flip-flop circuit 13, give the adjustment capacitor C at the high level state of Q
3The discharge constant-current source 15 of discharge.
The utility model embodiment is with the output voltage V of solar cell 1
InThrough a power inverter 2 of forming by the switching power circuit of routine, convert the output voltage V that is suitable for accumulator load 7 chargings to
OutAccumulators load 7 chargings, so the output voltage V of solar cell 1
InOutput voltage V with power inverter 2
OutBetween, there is following numerical relation:
V
out＝V
in*D
D represents the duty ratio of power inverter 2 work, the i.e. ratio of the pulsewidth TON of the output control signal of pwm circuit 3 and work period T in the formula.
Because the terminal voltage at accumulator load 7 two ends is the output voltage V of power inverter 2
OutSo relative fixed is the output voltage V of solar cell 1
InTo change with the variation of duty ratio D.Therefore, we can pass through to adjust the output voltage V of the duty ratio D of power inverter with solar cell 1
InBe transferred to and optimum operating voltage U
mUnanimity, in Fig. 5, this moment, the output current of solar cell 1 just in time was maximum output point P
mPairing output current I
m, at this moment solar cell 1 is operated in maximum power point P
m
As shown in Figure 6, arrow institute how is V among the figure
InFollowing range is because the output voltage V of solar cell 1
InUnder different illumination temperature conditions, change, so best output services voltage U
mAlso change.Therefore in an embodiment, be that duty ratio is accurately adjusted by pulsewidth to pwm circuit, make the output voltage V of solar cell 1
InAlways work in the optimum operating voltage point, as the u among Fig. 6
1Or u
2Or u
3, make the power output maximum of solar cell 1.
In Fig. 1, if do not consider circuit loss, the power output P of solar cell 1
In, power inverter 2 power output P
Out, output voltage V
OutAnd output loop electric current I
OutBetween following relational expression arranged:
P
in＝P
out＝V
out*I
out
Because V
OutSubstantially constant, so solar cell 1 power output P
InVariation will be directly reflected into the variation of output loop electric current, that is to say P
InIncrease I
OutAlso increase; P
InReduce I
OutAlso reduce.Therefore can pass through the output loop electric current I
OutDetection, and learn P
InVariation tendency.
In the load current decline judging circuit 6 in Fig. 2, by amplifier U
1, R
4, R
39 pairs of load circuit current sampling signals of sampling current amplifier of forming amplify, and current signal is input to comparator U
2Be kept at capacitor C with previous time
4On the previous time current signal compare, when constantly current signal is less than the previous time current signal in the time of at once, at comparator U
2Output obtain the load current dropping signal of a high level, the clock signal S that utilizes clock circuit 12 to produce
2High level connect analog switch SW when in sight constantly
2Thereby, by amplifier U
3The output that the electric current falling pulse of forming forms circuit 11 obtains a load current falling pulse signal.
As shown in Figure 4, at 0-t
1During this time, S
1The output high level, analog switch SW
1Conducting, the current signal that this moment sampling current amplifier 9 is exported is kept at capacitor C
4In; At t
1-t
2During this time, S
1Output low level, analog switch SW
1Disconnect current signal and the 0-t of this moment
1Be kept at capacitor C during this time
4In current signal together be added in amplifier U
2Two inputs compare, work as t
1-t
2Load current compares 0-t during this time
1Load current hour during this time, amplifier U
2Be output as high level; Otherwise amplifier U2 is output as low level.At t
1-t
2During this time, S
2Be output as high level, analog switch SW
2Conducting is by amplifier U
3The output level that the electric current falling pulse of forming forms circuit 11 depends on amplifier U
2Output level.As amplifier U
2When being output as high level, through amplifier U
3The load current falling pulse signal of a high level of shaping output.Therefore, only when load current descended, load current decline judging circuit 6 just can be exported a load current falling pulse signal.
In the voltage-regulating circuit 5 in Fig. 2, through the triggering of described load current falling pulse signal, the output state of flip-flop circuit 13 overturns, and that is to say, if previous time is adjusted capacitor C
3In discharge, the so instant charged state that constantly changes into; If previous time is adjusted capacitor C
3In charging, the so instant discharge condition that constantly changes into.Because can only there be a kind of stable state in 13 each moment of flip-flop circuit, so adjust capacitor C
3Each constantly can only be in a kind of operating state, or is charging, or is discharge.By to adjusting capacitor C
3The voltage at two ends carries out precision control, and passes through R
2The accurate output pulse width of adjusting pwm circuit 3 is realized the precision control to the power output of solar cell 1.
In Fig. 1, by potentiometer W and resistance R
1The voltage sampling of forming is adjusted circuit 4 and is provided a fixing duty ratio by pwm circuit 3, at this moment the output services voltage V of solar cell 1
InBe a corresponding fixed value, such as the u among Fig. 5
2, this moment, accumulator load began charging.Owing to be engraved in during voltage-regulating circuit 5 and exchange whole capacitor C
3Discharge and recharge operation, thereby adjust capacitor C
3Terminal voltage u
C3Constantly be in the process of rising or falling, corresponding with it, the output voltage V of the pulsewidth of pwm circuit 3, solar cell 1
In, the load circuit electric current I
OutAlso in process of rising or falling, the entire circuit device will carry out processing procedure such as Fig. 3, constantly carry out above-mentioned detection, triggering, adjustment, and the power output of solar cell 1 is always worked on the maximum power point.
In sum, according to the utility model solar cell automated power servomechanism installation, by the relatively-stationary load current density of voltage is taken a sample, previous electric current during certain and instant electric current are compared, can detect the variation tendency of solar cell 1 power output,, make solar cell 1 accurately be operated in maximum power point by adjusting to power inverter 2 duty ratios, be not subjected to illuminance and Temperature Influence, and circuit structure is simple, cost is low.
Claims (3)
1, a kind of solar cell automated power servomechanism installation, its input is connected with solar cell (1), output is connected with load (7), it is characterized in that: it comprises the power inverter (2) that the direct current of solar cell (1) output is transformed into the voltage that is fit to the load use, power inverter (2) is carried out the pwm circuit (3) of pulse width control, the voltage sampling regulating circuit (4) that solar cell (1) output services voltage is taken a sample and operating voltage range is tentatively regulated, the voltage-regulating circuit (5) that solar cell (1) output services voltage is accurately adjusted, the load current sample circuit (8) that the loop current of load (7) is taken a sample, described load current is carried out the time difference relatively to produce the load current decline judging circuit (6) of load current falling pulse signal; Power inverter (2) output is connected with load (7).
2, solar cell automated power servomechanism installation as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: load current decline judging circuit (6) comprising: the load current sampled signal is amplified and export sampling current amplifier (9) corresponding to the current signal of output current; Previous time current signal and instant current signal are constantly compared, when the pairing voltage of current signal is low constantly in the time of at once, produce the electric current time difference comparator (10) of a load current dropping signal; The electric current falling pulse of a load current falling pulse signal of the output of shaping constantly forms circuit (11) when in sight with the load current dropping signal; And clock signal is used to control described electric current time difference comparator (10) and the electric current falling pulse forms the clock circuit (12) that circuit (11) is worked.
3, solar cell automated power servomechanism installation as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: voltage-regulating circuit (5) comprising: under load falling pulse signal triggering, make the output level state that the flip-flop circuit (13) of upset take place: by the control of flip-flop circuit (13) output, can be to adjusting the charging constant-current source (14) of electric capacity charging when flip-flop circuit (13) first stable states; And by the control of flip-flop circuit (13) output, can be to adjusting the discharge constant-current source (15) of capacitor discharge when flip-flop circuit (13) second stable states.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 01252415 CN2514538Y (en) | 2001-11-12 | 2001-11-12 | Automatic power servo unit for solar battery |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 01252415 CN2514538Y (en) | 2001-11-12 | 2001-11-12 | Automatic power servo unit for solar battery |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN2514538Y true CN2514538Y (en) | 2002-10-02 |
Family
ID=33662134
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 01252415 Expired - Fee Related CN2514538Y (en) | 2001-11-12 | 2001-11-12 | Automatic power servo unit for solar battery |
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|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN2514538Y (en) |
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