CN2510787Y - Low-power-consumption water heater - Google Patents

Abstract

A low power water heater utilizes the conductive property and the heat expansion property of semiconductor thermal effect ceramics to produce a low power energy-saving water heater with large-current starting and low-current maintenance, which is composed by a radiator, a pipe, an upper cover, a water outlet, a lower cover, a water inlet, a pipe and others. A middle electrode and a lateral electrode are installed in the heating groove, the semiconductor thermal effect ceramics are installed between the middle electrode and the lateral electrode.

Description

The low-power consumption water heater

The utility model relates to a kind of low-power consumption water heater.It is a kind of energy-conservation electric calorifie installation.

Electric heater unit generally all adopts resistance wire to make heater element at present.Because efficient is low, power consumption is big, use cost is high, influenced the application of electric calorifie installation in wide spectrum more.

The purpose of this utility model provides a kind of low-power consumption water heater.Can be used for heating or heat other medium.It utilizes positive temperature effect, the heating initial stage, and with current state work,, transfer the little electric current maintenance stage automatically to, thereby reduce power consumption when temperature is elevated to when temperature required, realize purpose of energy saving.

The purpose of this utility model is to realize like this, the heat generating components of low-power consumption water heater is by electrode and has splash the rise semiconductor heat effect ware of effect of heat and constitute, pottery is to select for use the heat big raw material of expansion factor of splashing to make, and available raw material have clay, diatomite, zeolite, white mountain range soil, medical stone etc.Above-mentioned raw materials is added the enhancing raw material according to a certain ratio---and silica and aluminium oxide, blowing agent sintering form.At this moment pottery is a kind of porous ceramics that contains a lot of pores, and it has the characteristic that good heat is splashed and risen.Basically with various technologies and various raw material make porous ceramics all in various degree have a characteristic that being heated splashes rises, comprise that adding aerated concrete also has the characteristic that being heated splashes rises.After can selecting for use different materials to make porous ceramics according to the requirement of different temperature characterisitics, second step be to allow porous ceramics become conductive semiconductor resistor material under certain condition by insulator.General method is to sneak into a certain proportion of carbon in ceramic raw material, in order to make resistance characteristic more uniform and stable, can adopt Organic Ingredients, here select certain density multitudinous sugar juice for use, semiconductor heat effect ceramic wafer is immersed in the multitudinous sugar juice, take out then and put in the sulfuric acid solution, like this, the multitudinous sugar that is contained in uniformly in the semiconductor heat effect ceramic wafer is carbonized, and again semiconductor heat effect ceramic wafer is placed on sintering in the vacuum drying oven, makes carbon and firm the combining of semiconductor heat effect ceramic wafer.By above-mentioned steps, we have obtained a semiconductor resistor material with fuel factor, are called semiconductor heat effect pottery.This pottery can be made tubulose or tabular.Here be example explanation with tabular, semiconductor heat effect ceramic wafer is placed in the middle of the battery lead plate, and leave certain interval, this group electro-heat equipment is placed in the tank, to connecting power supply on the battery lead plate with battery lead plate.At this moment be filled water in the pore of semiconductor heat effect ceramic wafer, add the carbon that itself contains and become an electric conductor, and pore makes the surface area of semiconductor heat effect ceramic wafer enlarge thousands of times, the contact area of water and electric conductor is increased greatly, under the effect of electric current, water in the pore and the water in the gap are heated at once, and the efficiency of heating surface of this mode will be higher than the efficiency of heating surface of general resistance wire.Along with the volume of the rising semiconductor heat effect ceramic wafer of temperature is splashed gradually and is risen, pore dwindles gradually, water content in the pottery reduces, and the distance between the carbon particle in the semiconductor heat effect ceramic wafer strengthens, and so just presents resistance ascending current downward trend.When reaching design temperature, semiconductor heat effect ceramic wafer has reached the limit that rises of splashing no longer splashes and rises, and resistance value is constant, and electric current also maintains on the steady state value.When temperature decline, electric current rises, and temperature is returned on the setting value, big electric current efficiency operation when having realized startup like this, and when reaching setting value, the low-power consumption purpose of energy saving that little electric current is kept.The porous ceramics of selecting for use different materials the to make expansion factor of splashing is also different, and initial current is also different with the ratio of keeping electric current.Such as this finished product made from clay, diatomite, zeolite, current ratio can reach 3: 1, that is to say that its comparable initial current of electric current of keeping has descended 3 times.Can select for use different raw material to manufacture with requiring according to different purposes like this.Any raw material that is suitable for making pottery all can be used to make the splash semiconductor heat effect pottery of expansion factor of difference.

Owing to adopted such scheme, heat with big electric current high efficiency, reach and be transformed into little electric current automatically after the temperature of setting and keep, thereby realized the reduction power consumption, reduce use cost, increased the range of application of electric heater, provide possibility for popularizing the electricity consumption heating widely.

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and example the utility model is further specified.

Fig. 1 is an electrical schematic of the present utility model.

Fig. 2 is the example cross-section figure of the low-power consumption heater of positive temperature effect.

Among the figure 1, delivery port 2, loam cake 3, lateral electrode plate 4, central electrode plate 5, semiconductor heat effect ceramic wafer 6, heating tank 7, lower cover 8, water inlet 9, return pipe 10, water controller 11, radiator 12, outlet pipe 13, power switch 14, water.

In Fig. 1, lateral electrode plate 3, intermediate electrode plate 4 and semiconductor heat effect ceramic wafer 5 have been formed the low-power consumption water heater.

In Fig. 2, lateral electrode plate 3 is installed in heating tank 6, central electrode plate 4 is installed in the center, semiconductor heat effect ceramic wafer 5 is installed between central electrode plate and lateral electrode plate, all leave certain interval between them and can allow water pass through.There is a loam cake 2 upper end of tank 6, delivery port 1 is arranged on the loam cake 2, and delivery port 1 is connected with radiator 11 by outlet pipe 12, and the lower end of radiator 11 is connected with return pipe 9, the other end of return pipe 9 is connected with water inlet 8 on the lower cover 7, has constituted the closed circuit of a hot water.All filled with water 14 in heating tank 6 and the radiator 11, after battery lead plate 3 and 4 is connected power supply, produce electric current by water in the gap and semiconductor heat effect ceramic wafer 5 between the battery lead plate, because semiconductor heat effect ceramic wafer 5 contains pore, make the contact area of itself and water very big, can water be heated in the very short time, upwards in water inlet pipe inflow radiator 11, the cold water in the radiator 11 supplies water to tank 6 by return pipe 9 water after the heating.So circulation, along with the rising of water temperature, semiconductor heat effect ceramic wafer 5 is splashed gradually and is risen, pore dwindles, water content in the plate reduces, and the carbon particle in the plate is apart from increasing, and the resistance value of semiconductor heat effect ceramic wafer 5 increases, electric current descends, when water was heated to predetermined value, semiconductor heat effect ceramic wafer was splashed and is increased to the limit, and resistance value reaches maximum, electric current reduces, and is little electric current and keeps state.

Claims (5)

1, a kind of low-power consumption water heater, by radiator, water pipe, loam cake, delivery port, lower cover, formations such as water inlet, water pipe, it is characterized in that: target and lateral electrode are installed in heating tank, semiconductor heat effect pottery is installed between target and lateral electrode.All leave the gap between target, lateral electrode and the semiconductive ceramic.

2, low-power consumption water heater according to claim 1 is characterized in that semiconductor heat effect pottery, evenly contains a certain proportion of carbon therebetween.

3, low-power consumption water heater according to claim 1 is characterized in that: semiconductor heat effect pottery be a kind of contain pore have a heat pottery of characteristic of rising of splashing.

4, low-power consumption water heater according to claim 3 is characterized in that: the heat that semiconductor heat effect pottery the is had characteristic that rises of splashing, its expansion factor of splashing is determined by raw material, as required, the different expansion factors of splashing are selected different raw material for use, and all raw material that are suitable for making pottery can proportioning go out the splash semiconductor heat effect pottery of expansion factor of difference.

5, low-power consumption water heater according to claim 3 is characterized in that: the shape of semiconductor heat effect pottery can be made tabular and tubulose.