CN2502779Y - Closed high-pressure reaction tank - Google Patents
Closed high-pressure reaction tank Download PDFInfo
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- CN2502779Y CN2502779Y CN 01210852 CN01210852U CN2502779Y CN 2502779 Y CN2502779 Y CN 2502779Y CN 01210852 CN01210852 CN 01210852 CN 01210852 U CN01210852 U CN 01210852U CN 2502779 Y CN2502779 Y CN 2502779Y
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Abstract
A closed high pressure retort for the pretreatment of microwave chemical samples is provided, which comprises a dissolution sample cup, a sealing cover, a tank, a tank cover, a temperature measurement joint and a pressure measurement joint, etc.. The closed high pressure retort is divided into conventional type, temperature measurement type and pressure measurement type for selection and use. The utility model is characterized in that: the utility model has high withstand pressure, high airtightness and anti-corrosion to strong acid; a plurality of samples can be treated once according to the demand of the pretreatment of microwave chemical samples.
Description
The utility model relates to high-pressure bottle, particularly a kind of airtight high-pressure reaction pot that is used for the microwave chemical sample pre-treatments.
Along with development of modern science and technology, domestic emerging microwave chemical technology also emerges rapidly, and a large amount of technological achievements have been obtained, not only promoted the change of experimental chemistry and sample pre-treatments technology (as: micro-wave digestion, extraction, proteolysis and ashing etc.), and opened up research application, and as: molecule synthesis, organic synthesis and microwave are intended chemical reaction pilot scale etc.Microwave apparatus has become the important means of research chemical reaction mechanism and check and analysis sample.
Present homemade microwave chemical sample pre-treatments equipment has several to the method for airtight high-pressure reaction pot pressure measurement, a kind of is " waterline impulse " manometric method.So-called " waterline impulse " is a kind of indirect manometric method, promptly is that deionized water is injected capillary vessel, capillary vessel placed in the molten sample cup of confined reaction jar again.In the reaction, jar internal pressure is delivered on the outer pressure sensor of furnace chamber by capillary vessel and measures pressure.The shortcoming of this pressure testing method is all must clear up at every turn, gets rid of the water of last reaction, if careless manipulation may produce cross pollution, in addition, because capillary vessel intensity is limited, the maximum working pressure of this quasi-instrument has only 14atm, only can satisfy a part of user's requirement.
The pressure measurement method of another kind of product is to utilize " optical fiber distance measuring " principle, measure the compress variation that interior " elastomer " made by silicon rubber of confined reaction jar produces under the effect of molten sample cup internal pressure, again deflection is converted into the signal of telecommunication, and demonstrates concrete force value.This kind pressure testing method also belongs to " pressure measurement indirectly ", and method is simple, but its problem is that the deflection of " elastomer " and the relation of pressure are not stable linear dependence, and discreteness is very big, and the pressure measurement result is inaccurate.Its reason is: " elastomer " is made of plastics, and the quality instability, under the condition of work of high temperature, high pressure, and aging fast, easily hardening, even " be full of cracks ", therefore, its elasticity can't guarantee.Though instrument still can show pressure sometimes, can not correctly reflect the pressure in the high-pressure sealed retort.Usually can mislead the operator, even cause a jar internal pressure to transfinite and " blast ".
In a word, the pressure measxurement performance of existing procucts has problem, and does not still have and have thermometric high-pressure reaction pot, can not adapt to the needs of microwave chemical sample pre-treatments.
The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of airtight high-pressure reaction pot that is used for the microwave chemical sample pre-treatments for the existing problem that solves existing airtight high-pressure reaction pot, and the seal nipple that this retort utilizes the utility model to provide can be measured reliably to the pressure and temperature in the retort.
The purpose of this utility model is achieved in that a kind of airtight high-pressure reaction pot that microwave sample is handled that is used for, comprise molten sample cup, seal cover, outer tank body and cover, it is characterized in that said molten sample cup has rim of a cup, rim of a cup outwards becomes a chamfering, said seal cover and said molten sample cup match, the seal cover structure is: lid and sealing shirt rim surround a cavity, the taper convex mouth is arranged on the centre of lid, this taper convex mouth has the through hole cavity that goes directly, cavity top also has a horizontal air vent, this outside, hole is divided into bigger screw, compress a safety diaphragm by a bleed screw screw-in with air vent, this safety diaphragm covers this air vent, and the lid lower edge is provided with annular groove, and the joint portion of said sealing shirt rim and lid is provided with cone-shaped seal structure;
The fundamental form of said outer tank body is the cylindrical shape of hollow, and there is the through hole of logical inner chamber in its end central authorities, and tank body has embossing outward, and its jar mouth is provided with the double end external screw thread;
The double end internal thread is arranged on the internal chamber wall of said cover, and the outer surface of cover has embossing, and its center of top offers the logical inner chamber of screw, and internal chamber wall top is evenly equipped with some deflations hole;
In the end of molten sample cup and tank body, also be placed with the heelpiece of band centre bore at the end;
Two kinds of split type and monoblock types are stamped in said sealing.Split type is to be made of lid and obturating cup, and obturating cup has external screw thread and bowl end mesopore, and its afterbody has cone-shaped seal structure.Obturating cup relies on its external screw thread to be screwed into the internal thread of lid inner chamber and spiral shell when solid, and a bowl end mesopore communicates with the inner chamber of lid;
Other has a kind of seal cover, and taper convex mouth and through hole are not established in its lid top, and is provided with the top pad between seal cover and cover, and a jackscrew screws in from the spiral shell through hole, promptly constitutes the airtight high-pressure reaction pot of plain edition.
The configurable thermometric joint of this airtight high-pressure reaction pot promptly forms the airtight high-pressure reaction pot of temperature measuring type.This thermometric joint is made of the dop of airtight quartz ampoule, the double end nut that has centre bore, band centre bore and the gland of band centre bore, during use, said quartz ampoule (or coated sensor probe that resistant material is arranged) passes in the through hole of taper convex mouth that above-mentioned thermometric joint inserts seal cover in the through molten sample cup chamber, screw cover earlier, screw gland again and depress dop, make like this to clamp quartz ampoule or sensor probe, make it airtight, air tight when guaranteeing thermometric;
This airtight high-pressure reaction pot also can be equipped with pressure measuring tie-in, promptly forms the airtight high-pressure reaction pot of pressure measurement type.Said pressure measuring tie-in is connected and composed successively by double end nut, joint, crimping nut, sealing ring, clamp nut, wireway, clamp nut, sealing ring, crimping nut, joint, fittings body, pedestal and sealing gasket etc.
The utility model utilizes the seal nipple of pressure guiding pipe and particular design that the high temperature in the confined reaction jar, high pressure and severe corrosive gas are directly caused on the pressure-sensitive diaphragm of special pressure sensor, by pressure sensor the pipe internal pressure convert the signal of telecommunication to, again by
Position LED gauge outfit directly demonstrates pressure value, makes operator's energy Real Time Observation to the interior pressure of retort, and makes on its numerical value that remains on setting, and this is the air guide pressure guiding pipe impulse of the utility model technology, the direct pressure testing method of pressure sensor pressure measurement.Be characterized in: pressure measurement precision height, pressure measurement is accurate, and is reliable and stable, automatically controlled simple, easy to operate, withstand voltage height (40 more than the atmospheric pressure).
Thermometric joint by the utility model design inserts molten sample cup with temperature sensor probe and just can carry out temperature survey.
Because the use of device for pressure measurement of the present utility model and temperature measuring equipment, can in micro-wave oven, place several airtight high-pressure reaction pots symmetrically in the center, one of them is pressure measurement, another is a thermometric, other is common airtight high-pressure reaction pot, then can handle simultaneously in several identical airtight high-pressure reaction pot work, understand pressure, temperature conditions in the retort in real time at the need microwave.
The utility model is described in further detail below in conjunction with embodiment of the present utility model and accompanying drawing thereof.
Fig. 1 is the airtight high-pressure reaction pot structural representation of the utility model embodiment 1-plain edition.
Fig. 2 is the airtight high-pressure reaction pot structural representation of the utility model embodiment 2-temperature measuring type.
Fig. 3 is the airtight high-pressure reaction pot structural representation of the utility model embodiment 3-pressure measurement type.
Fig. 4 is the utility model unitary sealing cover schematic diagram.
Fig. 5 is the split type seal cover schematic diagram of the utility model.
Fig. 6 is the utility model double end nut and relevant parts connection diagram.
Among the figure:
2-cover 20-deflation hole 21-double end internal thread
22-embossing 23-screw 3-seal cover
30-cavity 31-bleed screw 311-air vent
The horizontal air vent 34-of 32-safety diaphragm 33-taper convex mouth
35-through hole 36-lid 37-annular recess
38-conical surface 381-internal thread 39-sealing shirt rim, obturating cup
The molten sample cup of mesopore 4-at the bottom of the 391-external screw thread 392-bowl
The 41-rim of a cup is along 5-heelpiece 51-centre bore
Through hole 62-embossing at the bottom of the 6-tank body 61-
63-double end external screw thread 64-jar chamber 7-jackscrew
71-top pad 8-thermometric joint 81-quartz ampoule
82-double end nut 83-dop 84-gland
821,831,841-centre bore 9-pressure measuring tie-in
901-double end nut 902-joint 903-crimping nut
904-sealing ring 905-clamp nut 906-wireway
907-clamp nut 908-sealing ring 909-crimping nut
91-joint 911-fittings body 912-pedestal
913-sealing gasket 914-pressure sensor
The basic structure of the airtight high-pressure reaction pot of the utility model comprises molten sample cup 4, seal cover 3, tank body 6, cover 2 and heelpiece 5.
Said seal cover 3 matches with said molten sample cup 4, the structure of seal cover 3 is: lid 36 and sealing shirt rim 39 surround a cavity 30, taper convex mouth 34 is arranged on the centre of lid 36, this taper convex mouth 34 has through hole 35 through cavitys 30, cavity top also has a horizontal air vent 33 to communicate with the air vent 311 of bleed screw 31, during use, between the air vent 311 of bleed screw 31 and air vent 33, isolate by safety diaphragm 32, the thickness of safety diaphragm 32 and voltage endurance capability are to select for use according to the requirement of molten sample cup 4 internal reaction pressure, break when its effect is superpressure and exit, keep safety.
The basic configuration of said tank body is the columnar structured of hollow, and there is the through hole 61 of logical inner chamber in its end central authorities, and embossing 62 is arranged outside the tank body 6, and its mouth is provided with double end external screw thread 63;
The internal chamber wall of said cover 2 is provided with double end internal thread 21, matches with the double end external screw thread 63 with tank body 6, and the outer surface of cover 2 has embossing 22, and top central authorities offer screw 23 logical inner chambers 30;
Between the end of the jar end in chamber 64 of tank body 6 and molten sample cup 4, also put a heelpiece 5, so that when molten sample cup 4 is difficult for taking out in tank body 6, available top cup instrument promotes heelpiece 5 by through hole 61 molten sample cup 4 is ejected, and heelpiece 5 centre bores 51, can utilize infrared again or other temperature measuring equipment measurement jar interior temperature, realize temperature alarming.
Said seal cover 3 has two kinds of forms, i.e. monoblock type and split type, and monoblock type repeats no more as mentioned above.
The structure of split type seal cover 3 and effect and monoblock type are basic identical, its difference is split type seal cover 3 to be divided into lid 36 and obturating cup 39 two parts, obturating cup 39 is solidly connected by internal thread 381 spiral shells of external screw thread 391 with lid 36, and the mesopore 392 of obturating cup 39 communicates with the inner chamber 30 of lid 36.
Split type advantage is that obturating cup 39 can be changed as required at any time.
All there is the pressure automatic sealing function sealing shirt rim and the bowl-type shirt rim of seal cover 3, and the pressure in the instant sample cup is big more, and it is good more to seal.
Utilize the basic structure of above-mentioned airtight high-pressure reaction pot, can constitute the closed pressure vessel of three kinds of practicalities, be i.e. the airtight high-pressure reaction pot of plain edition, the airtight high-pressure reaction pot of temperature measuring type and the airtight high-pressure reaction pot of pressure measurement type.
Figure 1 shows that the airtight high-pressure reaction pot of plain edition, it is made of cover 2, tank body 6, seal cover 3, molten sample cup 4 and heelpiece 5, and wherein taper convex mouth 34 and through hole 35 are not established in the top of seal cover 3, from screw 23, screws in to withstand on and fill up on 71 being provided with pad 71, one jackscrews 7 in top between seal cover 3 and the cover 2.
The effect of this structure is: the airtight high-pressure reaction pot of plain edition is behind sample treatment chemical reaction of end, and whole jar temperature is than higher, and it is time-consuming to cool down, if tank body 6 temperature do not drop to certain below the temperature, difficulty is opened cover 2.Had said structure just can open cover 2 easily, that is, before the heating using microwave, cover 2 needn't screw and can be held out against seal cover 3 by jackscrew 7, to guarantee the sealing of promptly interior jar of seal cover 3 and molten sample cup 4.Molten sample can unclamp jackscrew 7 with spanner under higher temperature after finishing, and the cover 2 of outwarding winding again is just than being easier to.Practical application shows: this structure operation is simple, and jar sealing can be shortened the sample time of uncapping again in can guaranteeing, has accelerated molten sample circulation effectively, has improved molten sample efficient.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the airtight high-pressure reaction pot of the utility model embodiment 2 temperature measuring types, with airtight high-pressure reaction pot and thermometric joint 8 in conjunction with and constitute.This thermometric joint 8 is by quartz ampoule 81, the double end nut 82 that has centre bore 821, the gland 84 of the dop 83 of band centre bore 831 and band centre bore 841 constitutes, during use, said quartz ampoule or the coated temperature sensor probe that resistant material arranged 81 are by the centre bore 831 of dop 83 and the centre bore 821 of double end nut 82, and the screw by cover 2 23 insert seal covers 3 taper convex mouth 34 through hole 35 and go deep in the molten sample cup 4, then gland 84 and double end nut 82 are spirally connected.This thermometric joint 8 mainly is quartz ampoule or the coated temperature sensor probe that resistant material is arranged, and makes the reactant of temperature sensor and airtight molten sample cup 4 isolated and highly airtight.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the airtight high-pressure reaction pot of the utility model embodiment 3 pressure measurement types, is combined with pressure measuring tie-in 9 by airtight high-pressure reaction pot to constitute.
This pressure measuring tie-in 9 is connected successively and is constituted by double end nut 901, joint 902, crimping nut 903, sealing ring 904, clamp nut 905, wireway 906, clamp nut 907, sealing ring 908, clamp nut 909, joint 910, fittings body 911, pedestal 912, sealing gasket 913.
The detailed structure of above-mentioned double end nut 901 connects cutaway view as shown in Figure 6 with relevant parts, does not repeat them here.Only indicate double end nut 901 here and adopt composite construction, its core body adopts the highly corrosion resistant material to make, so that acidproof and high temperature, outer nut is made by the high material of mechanical strength, to guarantee its intensity, bears high pressure.
Experiment shows, this pressure measuring tie-in can bear 40atm above high pressure, strong acid (chloroazotic acid, perchloric acid, hydrofluoric acid etc.) gas, do not leak under 250 ℃ of high temperature.
Pressure measuring tie-in 9 is connected on the airtight high-pressure reaction pot, and pressure sensor 914 is connected, the gas pressure that produces at chemical reaction under the heating using microwave in the molten sample cup 4 directly can be caused on the pressure-sensitive diaphragm of pressure sensor 914, carry out pressure measurement.
We adopt the utility model to do once experiment at micro-wave oven, with 6 airtight high-pressure reaction pots, wherein one is the airtight high-pressure reaction pot of pressure measurement type, and one is the airtight high-pressure reaction pot of temperature measuring type, and all the other four is that the airtight high-pressure reaction pot of plain edition circumference symmetry on the turntable mounting of micro-wave oven is uniform.
The pressure testing and controlling jar links to each other with the pressure sensor that is arranged on the furnace chamber top by its impulse gas operated device and gets final product pressure measurement.
With internal diameter is that the quartz ampoule of Φ 5mm inserts the airtight high-pressure reaction pot of temperature measuring type, by the thermometric joint quartz ampoule is held tightly airtightly, the Temperature probe of RTD is inserted in the quartz ampoule can carry out temperature survey then.
All be placed with the identical sample to be cleared up of equivalent in 6 retort.Pressure grew steadily after sample was cleared up in start, when pressure rises to 4Mpa, and the safety diaphragm venting release of pressure that breaks.In the time of need utilizing the airtight high-pressure reaction pot thermometric of temperature measuring type, machine is located at the temperature control shelves, for protecting inside and outside jar, with the maximum operating temperature limit at 250 ℃.During the start heating, temperature is grown steadily to 250 ℃ by room temperature, and just control is no longer risen automatically.By experiment, make the pressure and temperature measurement of this machine reach following index:
(1) pressure testing and controlling:
Maximum working pressure 40atm (4MPa)
Pressure measurement precision≤0.5%FS (0.25atm)
The pressure control stability≤± 0.5atm
Can set 8 grades of pressure and show a jar internal pressure numerical value in real time.
(2) measurement and control of temperature:
200 ℃ of maximum operating temperatures
250 ℃ of heatproofs
Temperature measurement accuracy≤± 1 ℃
Temperature control stability≤± 2 ℃
In sum, the utlity model has following advantages:
1. pressure measurement type enclosed high pressure retort and the withstand voltage height of air-guide pressure-detecting device thereof, highly airtight, anti-strong acid corruption Erosion. So the pressure measurement pressure control is stable, the precision height;
2. temperature measuring type enclosed high pressure retort and the withstand voltage height of thermometric joint thereof are highly airtight, anti-strong acid corrosion. So the measuring and controlling temp accurate stable has solved the sample pre-treatments such as micro-wave digestion, extraction, proteolysis and ashing The thermometric problem;
3. can carry out simultaneously the microwave chemical sample pre-treatments of a plurality of samples, and can obtain in the retort simultaneously The pressure and temperature data are for good basis is laid in the control of microwave chemical sample pre-treatments;
Claims (7)
1. airtight high-pressure reaction pot that is used for the microwave chemical sample pre-treatments, comprise molten sample cup, seal cover, outer tank body and cover, it is characterized in that said molten sample cup (4) has rim of a cup (41), rim of a cup (41) outwards becomes a chamfering, said seal cover (3) matches with said molten sample cup (4), the structure of seal cover is: lid (36) and sealing shirt rim (39) surround a cavity (30), taper convex mouth (34) is arranged on the centre of lid (36), this taper convex mouth (34) has through hole (35) cavity (30) that goes directly, cavity (30) top also has a horizontal air vent (33), outside, this hole (33) is divided into bigger screw, compress a safety diaphragm (32) for bleed screw (a 31) screw-in with air vent (311) and cover through hole (35), lid (36) lower edge is provided with annular groove (37), and said sealing shirt rim (39) is provided with cone-shaped seal structure (38) with the joint portion of lid (36);
The fundamental form of said outer tank body (6) is the cylindrical shape of hollow, and there is the through hole (61) of logical inner chamber in its end central authorities, and tank body (6) is outer embossing (62), and its jar mouth is provided with double end external screw thread (63);
Double end internal thread (21) is arranged on the internal chamber wall of said cover (2), and the outer surface of cover (2) has embossing (22), and top central authorities offer the logical inner chamber of screw (23), uniform some deflations hole, internal chamber wall top (20);
In the end of molten sample cup (4) and tank body (6), also be placed with the heelpiece (5) of band centre bore (51) at the end.
2. airtight high-pressure reaction pot according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, said seal cover (3) is split type, promptly be made of lid (36) and obturating cup (39), said obturating cup (39) has external screw thread (391), bowl end mesopore (392), said obturating cup (39) relies on its external screw thread (391) to be screwed into the internal thread (381) of lid (36) inner chamber (30) and spiral shell when solid, bowl end mesopore (392) communicates with the inner chamber (30) of lid (36), and in addition, the bowl end also is provided with cone-shaped seal structure.
3. airtight high-pressure reaction pot according to claim 1, it is characterized in that said seal cover (3) is a monoblock type, promptly lid (36) and obturating cup (39) form one, said sealing shirt rim (39) is the thin-walled shirt rim, and shirt rim cylindrical and inner cone modified line place dislocation.
4. according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 described airtight high-pressure reaction pots, it is characterized in that, taper convex mouth (34) and through hole (35) are not established in lid (36) top of said seal cover (3), and between seal cover (3) and cover (2), being provided with top pad (71), a jackscrew (7) screws in from screw (23).
5. according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 described airtight high-pressure reaction pots, it is characterized in that, also has thermometric joint (8), this thermometric joint (8) is by quartz ampoule (81), the double end nut (82) that has centre bore (821), the gland (84) of the dop (83) of band centre bore (831) and band centre bore (841) constitutes, during use, said quartz ampoule (81) by dop (83) the centre bore (831) and the through hole (35) of the centre bore (821) of double end nut (82) and the spiral shell through hole (23) by cover (2) the taper convex mouth (34) that inserts seal cover (3) and go deep in the molten sample cup (4), then gland (84) and double end nut (82) are spirally connected.
6. airtight high-pressure reaction pot according to claim 5 is characterized in that, said quartz ampoule (81) can change the coated temperature sensor probe that resistant material is arranged into.
7. according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 described airtight high-pressure reaction pots, it is characterized in that, also have pressure measurement gas operated device (9), this air-guide pressure-detecting device (9) is connected and composed successively by double end nut (901), joint (902), crimping nut (903), sealing ring (904), clamp nut (905), wireway (906), clamp nut (907), sealing ring (908), crimping nut (909), joint (910), fittings body (911), pedestal (912) and sealing gasket (913).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 01210852 CN2502779Y (en) | 2001-02-28 | 2001-02-28 | Closed high-pressure reaction tank |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 01210852 CN2502779Y (en) | 2001-02-28 | 2001-02-28 | Closed high-pressure reaction tank |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN2502779Y true CN2502779Y (en) | 2002-07-31 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 01210852 Expired - Fee Related CN2502779Y (en) | 2001-02-28 | 2001-02-28 | Closed high-pressure reaction tank |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN2502779Y (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1601251B (en) * | 2003-09-23 | 2010-04-28 | 上海新仪微波化学科技有限公司 | Closure part between temperature sensor and inner pot of closure slack pot, as temperature measurement device |
| CN104226197A (en) * | 2010-03-22 | 2014-12-24 | Mwt微波实验室技术股份公司 | High-pressure vessel |
| CN106018057A (en) * | 2016-08-06 | 2016-10-12 | 济南海能仪器股份有限公司 | Microwave digestion tank |
| CN106092718A (en) * | 2016-08-06 | 2016-11-09 | 济南海能仪器股份有限公司 | High-pressure digestion tank |
| CN114486080A (en) * | 2021-12-24 | 2022-05-13 | 中国空间技术研究院 | Anti-frosting universal heat flow instrument sealing test conversion tool |
-
2001
- 2001-02-28 CN CN 01210852 patent/CN2502779Y/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1601251B (en) * | 2003-09-23 | 2010-04-28 | 上海新仪微波化学科技有限公司 | Closure part between temperature sensor and inner pot of closure slack pot, as temperature measurement device |
| CN104226197A (en) * | 2010-03-22 | 2014-12-24 | Mwt微波实验室技术股份公司 | High-pressure vessel |
| CN106018057A (en) * | 2016-08-06 | 2016-10-12 | 济南海能仪器股份有限公司 | Microwave digestion tank |
| CN106092718A (en) * | 2016-08-06 | 2016-11-09 | 济南海能仪器股份有限公司 | High-pressure digestion tank |
| CN106018057B (en) * | 2016-08-06 | 2019-12-10 | 苏州新仪科学仪器有限公司 | Microwave digestion tank |
| CN106092718B (en) * | 2016-08-06 | 2019-12-20 | 苏州新仪科学仪器有限公司 | High-pressure digestion tank |
| CN114486080A (en) * | 2021-12-24 | 2022-05-13 | 中国空间技术研究院 | Anti-frosting universal heat flow instrument sealing test conversion tool |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C17 | Cessation of patent right | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20020731 |