CN111896385A - Device for multi-size coarse-grained soil conventional triaxial test and using method thereof - Google Patents
Device for multi-size coarse-grained soil conventional triaxial test and using method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111896385A CN111896385A CN202010685095.0A CN202010685095A CN111896385A CN 111896385 A CN111896385 A CN 111896385A CN 202010685095 A CN202010685095 A CN 202010685095A CN 111896385 A CN111896385 A CN 111896385A
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 69
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 47
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009738 saturating Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010835 comparative analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
- G01N3/10—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces generated by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
- G01N3/12—Pressure testing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
Abstract
The invention discloses a device for a conventional triaxial test of multi-size coarse-grained soil, which comprises a cylindrical base, wherein five bases are concentrically connected to the base from bottom to top, the five bases are cylindrical, the diameters of the five bases are sequentially reduced from bottom to top, and the base and the bases are fixed through bolts. The invention can solve the problem that the conventional large (medium) type triaxial measuring instrument cannot perform triaxial tests with different sizes at the present stage, and provides a device for the conventional triaxial test of multi-size coarse-grained soil and a using method thereof. The conventional large (medium) type triaxial test can be carried out by sleeving the pressure chamber matched with the designed chassis. This triaxial chassis device passes through size design, can be fine and current pressure chamber match to carry out the conventional (or freeze-thaw cycle) triaxial test of the different diameter samples of design, and the device easy operation, repeatedly usable, adaptability is stronger, the engineering test personnel operation of being convenient for.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of geotechnical engineering test equipment, in particular to a device for multi-size coarse-grained soil conventional triaxial test and a using method thereof.
Background
In some conventional triaxial tests, particularly in the conventional triaxial test of coarse-grained soil, the field material needs to be subjected to scaling of different-grade ingredients, and tests of samples with different sizes are often carried out according to different maximum grain sizes. When the test of samples with different sizes is carried out, the comparability of the test result is poor and the difficulty is brought to the comparative analysis of the test result due to the different measurement and control technologies and the different precision among different instruments, the different integral rigidity of the instruments and the like. On the other hand, processing multiple sets of instruments adapting to different sample sizes inevitably causes resource waste. Therefore, an apparatus which can adapt to the triaxial test of the coarse-grained soil with multiple sizes on the same apparatus is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a device for a conventional triaxial test of multi-size coarse-grained soil and a using method thereof.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a device for conventional triaxial test of many sizes coarse grained soil, includes cylindrical base, supreme first base, second base, third base, fourth base and the fifth base of being connected with from bottom to top on the base with one heart, five bases are cylindrical, and the diameter reduces from bottom to top in proper order, through the bolt fastening between base and the base, the side of base is equipped with four valves, is respectively confined pressure inlet/apopore valve, last drain hole valve, lower drain hole valve and confined pressure monitoring table valve, the confined pressure inlet/apopore valve of enclosing the pressure inlet/apopore valve connection base inside is advanced/apopore and is set up on the base right side, and 18 is kept apart from each other between all the other three valves to the axisymmetric position of base left side and confined pressure inlet/apopore valve.
The lower water outlet valve is connected with a lower water outlet inside the base, the lower water outlet is L-shaped, one end of the lower water outlet is positioned on the central axis of the base, the upper surface of the top of the base is opened, and the other end of the lower water outlet is connected with the lower water outlet valve.
The confining pressure water inlet/outlet hole is L-shaped, one end of the confining pressure water inlet/outlet hole is connected with the confining pressure water inlet/outlet hole valve, and the other end of the confining pressure water inlet/outlet hole is provided with an opening on the top of the base, namely a pressure chamber water inlet.
And a pressure chamber confining pressure port and an upper drainage pipe connecting port are formed in the position, close to the lower drainage hole valve, on the top of the base, and the upper drainage pipe connecting port is communicated with a cavity where the upper drainage hole valve is located.
And a drainage hole is formed in the center of each base, the drainage hole is connected with a lower drainage hole in the base, and the drainage holes are subjected to water stopping treatment at the adjacent positions of the bases.
The bolts of the adjacent bases are installed in a staggered mode, the bolts do not penetrate through the bases, rubber rings are arranged between the adjacent bases and at the connection positions of the bolts, and water leakage at the connection positions is prevented when the test is carried out.
The base can be dismantled the use from top to bottom in proper order to guarantee to adapt to the not unidimensional sample and test.
The device upper end is connected with the sample, and the sample upper end is connected with the sample cap, and the sample cap is opened has last drain outlet, and last drain outlet passes through drainage pipe and goes up the drain pipe connector and be connected.
The sample caps respectively have five sizes corresponding to the five bases, wherein the sample caps used by the first base and the second base are in a similar circular truncated cone shape, and the upper drainage port is arranged on the side surface; the sample caps used by other bases are all cylindrical, and the upper drainage port is arranged on the top surface.
The use method of the device for the conventional triaxial test of the multi-size coarse-grained soil comprises the following steps:
1) preparing a certain amount of required sample material, and compacting the sample material to obtain a sample;
2) sleeving and fixing a rubber film on a base of a chassis of the triaxial test and connecting the rubber film with a corresponding sensor;
3) according to GB/T50123-2019 geotechnical test method standard, sleeving the sample barrel, discharging air between the rubber film and the wall of the sample barrel, putting lower permeable stones, carrying out layered sample loading, and putting upper permeable stones after the samples are loaded; covering a corresponding sample cap and connecting an upper water outlet with an upper water outlet pipe connecting port on the chassis through a water outlet pipe;
4) bolts around the base are connected with the pressure chamber through bolts, sealing rings are sleeved at the joint of the pressure chamber and the chassis and the joint of the bolts before connection, and the sensor is well adjusted and connected to a computer;
5) opening a lower drainage hole valve, slowly saturating the sample from the bottom to the top by water through a drainage pipeline, when the upper drainage hole valve at the bottom is filled with water and no bubble is discharged, indicating that the sample is saturated, applying confining pressure to a confining pressure chamber through a confining pressure water inlet/outlet hole valve according to the requirements of GB/T50123-2019 geotechnical test method standard, and loading a pressure stress preset value by using an external pressurizing device;
6) measuring the water discharge; carrying out conventional triaxial test on the sample;
7) after the sample is finished, the fifth base is removed, and a rubber film with the diameter of 150mm and a sample cap matched with the diameter are replaced;
8) and (4) repeating the steps 1) to 7), and sequentially dismantling the bases from top to bottom for each group of tests to perform conventional triaxial tests with different sizes.
The invention can solve the problem that the conventional large (medium) type triaxial measuring instrument cannot perform triaxial tests with different sizes at the present stage, and provides a large (medium) type triaxial test device capable of performing triaxial tests with multiple sizes and a using method thereof. The conventional large (medium) type triaxial test can be carried out by sleeving the pressure chamber matched with the designed chassis. In addition, the test device can be used together with a pressure chamber disclosed in Chinese patent application CN110296889A pressure chamber for coarse-grained soil large-scale freeze-thaw cycle triaxial test to perform conventional triaxial freeze-thaw cycle tests with multiple sizes. This triaxial chassis device (operating temperature-20 ℃ to 60 ℃, maximum confining pressure 3 Mpa) through size design, can be fine with current pressure chamber match to carry out the conventional (or freeze-thaw cycle) triaxial test of the different diameter samples that design, and the device easy operation, repeatedly usable, adaptability is stronger, the engineering test personnel of being convenient for operate.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a top view of the apparatus;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of section A-A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a 150mm sample mounted on the apparatus;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a 200mm sample mounted on the apparatus;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a 250mm sample mounted on the apparatus;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a 300mm sample mounted on the apparatus;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the connection of the device in use;
FIG. 8 is a perspective view of the device;
wherein, 10, the base; 11. a first base; 12. a second base; 13. a third base; 14. a fourth base; 15. a fifth base; 21 lower drain holes; 22. a confining pressure water inlet/outlet hole valve; 23. a confining pressure opening of the pressure chamber; 24. a confining pressure monitoring meter valve; 25. a lower drain hole valve; 26. an upper drain hole valve; 27. a pressure chamber water inlet; 28. an upper drainage pipe connector; 31. a drainage hole; 32. a bolt; 41. a sample; 42. a sample cap; 421. an upper drainage port; 422. a water discharge pipeline; 43. coating a permeable stone; 44. laying permeable stones; 45. a pressure chamber; 46. a confining pressure chamber; 47. an external pressurizing device.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.
The structures, proportions, sizes, and other dimensions shown in the drawings and described in the specification are for understanding and reading the present disclosure, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure, which is defined in the claims, and are not essential to the art, and any structural modifications, changes in proportions, or adjustments in size, which do not affect the efficacy and attainment of the same are intended to fall within the scope of the present disclosure. In addition, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle" and "one" used in the present specification are for clarity of description, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and the relative relationship between the terms and the terms is not to be construed as a scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1-8, a device for multi-size coarse-grained soil conventional triaxial test comprises a cylindrical base 10, wherein a first base 11, a second base 12, a third base 13, a fourth base 14 and a fifth base 15 are concentrically connected to the base 10 from bottom to top, the five bases are all cylindrical, the diameters of the five bases are sequentially reduced from bottom to top, and the base 10 and the bases are fixed through bolts 32. Four valves are arranged on the side face of the base 10, namely a confining pressure water inlet/outlet hole valve 22, an upper water outlet hole valve 26, a lower water outlet hole valve 25 and a confining pressure monitoring meter valve 24, the confining pressure water inlet/outlet hole valve 22 is connected with a confining pressure water inlet/outlet hole inside the base 10 and is arranged on the right side of the base 10, the rest three valves are mutually spaced at 18 degrees and are in axial symmetry with the confining pressure water inlet/outlet hole valve 22 on the left side of the base 10, the lower water outlet hole valve 25 is connected with a lower water outlet hole 21 inside the base 10, the lower water outlet hole 21 is L-shaped, one end of the lower water outlet hole is located on the central axis of the base 10, the lower water outlet hole valve 25 is opened. The confining pressure water inlet/outlet hole is L-shaped, one end of the confining pressure water inlet/outlet hole is connected with the confining pressure water inlet/outlet hole valve 22, and the other end of the confining pressure water inlet/outlet hole is provided with an opening on the top of the base, namely a pressure chamber water inlet 27. The top of the base 10 is provided with a pressure chamber surrounding pressure port 23 and an upper drainage pipe connecting port 28 near the lower drainage hole valve 25, and the upper drainage pipe connecting port 28 is communicated with the cavity where the upper drainage hole valve 26 is located.
Each base has a drain hole 31 at the center, and the drain hole 31 is connected to the lower drain hole 21 inside the base 10 at the base 10. The bolts 32 of the adjacent bases are installed in a staggered mode, the bolts 32 do not penetrate through the bases, rubber rings are arranged between the adjacent bases and at the joints of the bolts 32, and water leakage at the joints is prevented when tests are conducted. The base can be dismantled the use from top to bottom in proper order to guarantee to adapt to the not unidimensional sample and test. The upper end of the device is connected with a sample, the upper end of the sample 41 is connected with a sample cap 42, the sample cap 42 is provided with an upper drainage port 421, and the upper drainage port 421 is connected with an upper drainage pipe connecting port 28 through a drainage pipe 422; the sample caps 42 have five sizes corresponding to the five bases, wherein the sample caps used by the first base 11 and the second base 12 are in a truncated cone-like shape, and the upper drainage port 421 is arranged on the side surface; other sample caps 42 for use with the base are cylindrical with an upper drain 421 disposed on the top surface.
The use method of the device for the conventional triaxial test of the multi-size coarse-grained soil comprises the following steps:
1) preparing a certain amount of required sample material, and compacting the sample material to obtain a sample 41;
2) sleeving and fixing a rubber film on the base 10 of the triaxial test chassis and connecting the rubber film with a corresponding sensor;
3) according to GB/T50123-2019 geotechnical test method standard, sleeving the sample into a sample forming barrel, discharging air between a rubber film and the wall of the sample forming barrel, putting a lower permeable stone 44, carrying out layered sample filling, and putting an upper permeable stone 43 after a sample 41 is filled; the sample cap 42 is covered, and the upper drainage port 421 is connected with the upper drainage pipe connecting port 28 on the chassis through the drainage pipe 422;
4) connecting bolts 32 around the base 10 with the pressure chamber 45 through the bolts 32, sleeving sealing rings at the joint of the pressure chamber 45 and the base 10 and the joint of the bolts 32 before connection, adjusting a sensor and connecting the sensor to a computer;
5) opening the lower drainage hole valve 25, saturating the sample 41 through the drainage pipe 422, when the upper drainage hole valve 26 at the bottom has water and no bubbles are discharged, indicating that the sample 41 is saturated, applying confining pressure to the confining pressure chamber 46 through the confining pressure water inlet/outlet hole valve 22 according to the requirements of GB/T50123 and 2019 geotechnical test method standard, and loading a pressure stress preset value by using the external pressurizing device 47;
6) measuring the water discharge; and a conventional triaxial test is performed on the sample 41;
7) after the sample is finished, the fifth base 15 is removed, and a rubber film with the diameter of 150mm and a sample cap matched with the diameter are replaced;
8) and (4) repeating the steps 1) to 7), and sequentially dismantling the bases from top to bottom for each group of tests to perform conventional triaxial tests with different sizes.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made without inventive efforts by those skilled in the art based on the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a device for conventional triaxial test of many sizes coarse grained soil, characterized by, includes cylindrical base, supreme first base, second base, third base, fourth base and the fifth base of being connected with from bottom to top on the base with one heart, the base is cylindrical, and the diameter reduces from bottom to top in proper order, through the bolt fastening between base and the base, the side of base is equipped with four valves, is respectively for confining pressure inlet/apopore valve, last drain hole valve, lower drain hole valve and confining pressure monitoring table valve, confining pressure inlet/apopore valve connection base inside confining pressure inlet/apopore and setting are on the base right side, and all the other three valves are spaced each other and are followed the base symmetric position with confining pressure inlet/apopore valve in the base left side.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the lower drain valve is connected to a lower drain hole inside the base, the lower drain hole is L-shaped, one end of the lower drain hole is located at the central axis of the base, the upper end of the lower drain hole is open at the top of the base, and the other end of the lower drain hole is connected to the lower drain valve.
3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the confining pressure inlet/outlet hole is L-shaped, one end of the confining pressure inlet/outlet hole is connected to the confining pressure inlet/outlet hole valve, and the other end of the confining pressure inlet/outlet hole is provided with an opening on the top of the base, namely a pressure chamber inlet.
4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the top of the base is provided with a pressure chamber confining pressure port and an upper drainage pipe connection port near the lower drainage valve, and the upper drainage pipe connection port is communicated with the cavity in which the upper drainage valve is located.
5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein each base has a central drain hole connected to a lower drain hole in the base, and the drain holes are sealed adjacent to the base.
6. The apparatus for multi-size coarse-grained soil conventional triaxial test as claimed in claim 1, wherein the bolts of the adjacent bases are installed in a staggered manner, the bolts do not penetrate through the bases, and rubber rings are arranged between the adjacent bases and at the bolt joints to prevent water leakage at the joints during the test.
7. The apparatus for multi-size coarse-grained soil conventional triaxial test as set forth in claim 1, wherein the base is detachable from top to bottom in sequence for use to ensure that different sizes of test samples are adapted for testing.
8. The apparatus for multi-size coarse-grained soil conventional triaxial test according to claim 1, wherein the upper end of the apparatus is connected with a test sample, the upper end of the test sample is connected with a test sample cap, the test sample cap is provided with an upper drainage port, and the upper drainage port is connected with an upper drainage pipe connecting port through a drainage pipe.
9. The apparatus for multi-size coarse-grained soil conventional triaxial test as set forth in claim 8, wherein the sample caps respectively have five sizes corresponding to five bases, wherein the sample caps used in the first and second bases have a truncated cone-like shape, and the upper drain port is provided at a side surface; the sample caps used by other bases are all cylindrical, and the upper drainage port is arranged on the top surface.
10. The method of using the apparatus for multi-size coarse-grained soil conventional triaxial test of claim 1, characterized by comprising the steps of:
1) preparing a certain amount of required sample material, and compacting the sample material to obtain a sample;
2) sleeving and fixing a rubber film on a base of a chassis of the triaxial test and connecting the rubber film with a corresponding sensor;
3) according to GB/T50123-2019 geotechnical test method standard, sleeving the sample barrel, discharging air between the rubber film and the wall of the sample barrel, putting lower permeable stones, carrying out layered sample loading, and putting upper permeable stones after the samples are loaded; covering the sample cap and connecting an upper drain hole beside the sample cap with an upper drain pipe connecting hole on the chassis;
4) bolts around the chassis are connected with the pressure chamber through bolts, sealing rings are sleeved at the joint of the pressure chamber and the chassis and the joint of the bolts before connection, and the well-adjusted sensor is connected to a computer;
5) opening a lower drainage hole valve, saturating the sample through a drainage pipeline, when the upper drainage hole valve at the bottom is filled with water and no bubble is discharged, indicating that the sample is saturated, applying confining pressure to a confining pressure chamber through a confining pressure water inlet/outlet hole valve according to the requirements of GB/T50123 and 2019 geotechnical test method standard, and loading a pressure stress preset value by using an external pressurizing device;
6) measuring the water discharge; carrying out conventional triaxial test on the sample;
7) after the sample is finished, the fifth base is removed, and a rubber film with the diameter of 150mm and a sample cap matched with the diameter are replaced;
8) and (4) repeating the steps 1) to 7), and sequentially dismantling the bases from top to bottom for each group of tests to perform conventional triaxial tests with different sizes.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010685095.0A CN111896385A (en) | 2020-07-16 | 2020-07-16 | Device for multi-size coarse-grained soil conventional triaxial test and using method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010685095.0A CN111896385A (en) | 2020-07-16 | 2020-07-16 | Device for multi-size coarse-grained soil conventional triaxial test and using method thereof |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113295505A (en) * | 2021-06-09 | 2021-08-24 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | Coarse-grained soil sampling chassis device with variable direction angle and using method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20201106 |