CN2499408Y - Multipurpose electrolytic bath device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a multipurpose electrolytic bath device, which consists of an anode drainage heating panel, a tri-functional anode chamber, an anode reactant inlet, an anode reactance outlet, a cathode drainage heating panel, a tri-functional cathode chamber, a cathode reactant inlet, a cathode reactant outlet and a film composite electrode component. The utility model achieves the three-dimensional stereo heat dissipation, has the advantages of a compact structure, small cubage and low cost, and is applicable to the water electrolysis, the hydrochloride electrolysis, the refining of crude hydrogen, and other electrolysis processes. The utility model can work under the pressure of 1-5kg/cm<2>. The utility model is particularly applicable for electrolyzing pure water to produce a high-concentration ozone.

Description

Multipurpose electrolytic cell device

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a multipurpose electrolytic cell device, which belongs to the technical field of electrochemistry.

Background

The electrolytic cell is an energy conversion device which can be supplied with electric energy from the outside and which generates electrode reaction through the electrolytic cell to convert the electric energy into chemical energy.

According to the known electrochemical technique, the electrolytic cell generally comprises a cathode, an anode, a diaphragm, an electrolyte solution and an electrolytic cell body containing the electrolyte solution (or the diaphragm can be omitted according to the type of electrolytic reaction, and the diaphragm can also divide the electrolytic cell body into a cathode reaction chamber and an anode reaction chamber).

Due to the progress of the technology, the research on the diaphragm, electrode materials and electrode catalysts in the electrolytic cell has breakthrough progress, for example, a high-performance perfluorinated sulfonic acid cation exchange membrane can replace the traditional microporous diaphragm in many electrolytic occasions, the perfluorinated cation exchange membrane can replace the electrolyte and simultaneously serve as the diaphragm, and for example, a membrane composite electrode assembly is a new technology integrating the diaphragm, the cathode (electrode) and the anode (electrode) in the traditional electrolytic cell. The negative electrode and the positive electrode on both sides of the ion exchange membrane are developed into porous catalyst structures, and replace the traditional solid electrode in some applications.

Due to the technological advances in the above-mentioned separator and electrode materials, it is possible to design and manufacture an electrolyzer apparatus suitable for various uses.

The utility model discloses an electrolysis trough suitable for various electrolytic reactions and manufacturing different products has not been seen before. The electrolytic cell device with single use, such as Chinese patent 93246255.3, 97122126.X, is improved on the basis of the common electrolytic cell device. For example, cation exchange membranes are adopted to replace electrolyte solutions and microporous diaphragms in the composition of the electrolytic cell. Patent application 97122126.X also adopts a frame of cathode chamber and anode chamber with water inlet and outlet nozzles, and a flow guide plate in the frame of cathode chamber and anode chamber to form two electrode chambers of cathode chamber and anode chamber.

The cathode and anode frames are provided with water inlets and water outlets which are symmetrical and parallel up and down. The water inlet and outlet of the cathode chamber and the anode chamber of the electrolytic cell after assembly and forming are inconvenient to install and operate when being connected with an external material (or water) inlet and outlet pipe, and in addition, when the electrolytic cell works, the external material (or water and gas) inlet and outlet pipe is connected with an upper inlet and outlet of the cathode chamber and anode chamber frame of the electrolytic cell, so that the material (or water and gas) is easy to leak and loosen when the electrolytic cell is serious. Therefore, the electrolytic cell device with the design can not work stably and under pressure.

In addition, the electrolytic bath device of the patent adopts a cathode and anode frame made of plastic materials, and has poor heat dissipation performance during working, and when a heat dissipation aluminum plate is electrically connected with a cathode and an anode chamber, a titanium metal anti-corrosion sheet and a sealing ring component are used for preventing electrochemical corrosion of the heat dissipation aluminum. Thus increasing the manufacturing cost.

Summary of the invention

In order to overcome the defects of the existing electrolytic cell, the utility model aims to provide a multipurpose electrolytic cell device with a new structure, which can work under 5-10 large pressures, effectively solves the problem that the connection between an external material (or water and gas) pipe and the material (or water and gas) inlet and outlet of the cathode chamber and the anode chamber of the electrolytic cell is loosened, improves the heat dissipation structure, reduces the manufacturing cost and improves the assembly efficiency of the electrolytic cell. The electrolytic cell device has the characteristics of compact structure, strong adaptability and the like, and can be used for various electrolytic reactions.

The technical scheme is as follows:

the principle is as follows: an electrolytic cell utilizing a cation exchange membrane composite electrode assembly can be used for the following electrolytic reactions:

1. pure water is electrolyzed to produce hydrogen and oxygen,

and (3) anode reaction:

and (3) cathode reaction:

(H produced by anodic reaction at the time of electrolysis)⁺Under the action of DC electric field, the water migrates through cation exchange membrane and enters into anode to take part in electrode reaction, which is the same as the following reaction)

And (3) total reaction:

2. production of hydrogen and ozone by electrolysis of pure water

And (3) anode reaction:

and (3) cathode reaction:

and (3) total reaction:

3. production of hydrogen and chlorine by electrolysis of hydrochloric acid

And (3) positive reaction:

and (3) cathode reaction:

and (3) total reaction:

4. crude hydrogen refining

And (3) positive reaction:

and (3) cathode reaction:

and (3) total reaction:

the specific scheme is as follows:

a multipurpose electrolytic cell device comprises an anode drainage heat radiation plate, a three-function anode chamber, a cathode drainage heat radiation plate, a three-function cathode chamber, a membrane composite electrode assembly and the like; the membrane composite electrode assembly is a whole body formed by compounding a cation exchange membrane, an anode catalytic membrane, an anode porous drainage transition plate, a cathode catalytic membrane and a cathode porous drainage transition plate, wherein the anode catalytic membrane and the anode porous drainage transition plate are sequentially arranged on one side of the cation exchange membrane, and the cathode catalytic membrane and the cathode porous drainage transition plate are sequentially arranged on the other side of the cation exchange membrane; the anode side of the membrane composite electrode assembly is sequentially provided with a three-functional anodechamber and an anode drainage heat dissipation plate which are electrically connected; a three-function cathode chamber and a cathode drainage heat dissipation plate are sequentially arranged on one side of the cathode of the membrane composite electrode assembly and are electrically connected; an anode reactant inlet and an anode reaction product outlet are arranged on the three-function anode chamber; a cathode reactant inlet and a cathode reaction product outlet are arranged on the three-functional cathode chamber; and a sealing ring is respectively arranged between the cation exchange membrane and the three-function anode chamber and between the cation exchange membrane and the three-function cathode chamber, an anode input end and a cathode input end are respectively arranged on the anode drainage heat dissipation plate and the cathode drainage heat dissipation plate, and the whole electrolytic cell is fixedly connected through a fastening screw and a fastening nut.

According to the technical scheme of the utility model, convex-concave alternate grooves are arranged in the three-function anode chamber. Convex-concave alternative grooves are arranged in the three-function cathode chamber. The three-function anode chamber and the cathode chamber are made of metal, graphite or plastic electroplating conductive materials.

The utility model has no limitation on the shape and size of the multipurpose electrolytic cell device, and can be made into electrolytic cells with cross sections of different shapes such as round, square and the like according to actual needs and application occasions.

By adopting the technical measures, the utility model realizes three-dimensional heat dissipation, and the volume and the weight of the three-dimensional heat dissipation are 1/3-1/2 of the electrolytic tanks of the same type; because the plastic frame, the gasket and the anti-corrosion sheet around the yin-yang chamber are reduced, the cost is reduced by 30 percent, and the device can normally work under 1 to 5 atmospheric pressures. The electrolytic cell device has strong adaptability. Can produce H by using electrolyzed water₂And O₂Can also be used for preparing H by electrolyzing hydrochloric acid₂And Cl₂And the crude hydrogen is taken as the raw material to prepare high-purity and high-pressure H₂Is especially suitable for preparing high-concentration (20%) and high-pressure (5 kg/m) by electrolyzing water²) The ozone of (2).

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of the present invention, fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a three-function anode chamber (the structure of the three-function cathode chamber is the same), wherein fig. 2a is a front view, fig. 2b is a cross-sectional view, fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a membrane-electrode assembly (including a sealing ring), wherein fig. 3c is a front view, and fig. 3d is a cross-sectional view.

In the figure: (1) the anode drainage heat dissipation plate, (2) a fastening screw, (3) a fastening screw, (4) an anode reactant product outlet, (5) a three-function anode chamber, (6) an anode input end, (7) an anode reaction product outlet, (8) an anode porous drainage transition plate, (9) a cathode and anode insulating pad, (10) an anode porous catalytic membrane, (11) a cation exchange membrane, (12) a cathode porous catalytic membrane, (13) a cathode porous drainage transition plate, (14) a cathode reactant inlet, (15) a cathode input end, (16) a three-function cathode chamber, (17) a cathode reaction product outlet, (18) a cathode drainage heat dissipation plate, (19) a three-function cathode chamber sealing ring, and (20) a three-function anode chamber sealing ring.

Detailed Description

A multipurpose electrolytic cell device is shown in figures 1, 2 and 3, and an anode drainage heat dissipation plate (1), a three-function anode chamber (5), a three-function anode chamber sealing ring (20), a membrane composite electrode assembly (8, 10, 11, 12 and 13), a cathode sealing ring (19), a three-function cathode chamber (16) and a cathode drainage heat dissipation plate (18) are fastened in sequence to form the electrolytic cell device. An anode reactant (pure water) enters from an anode reactant inlet (7), an anode reaction is carried out on the interface of an anode catalyst membrane (10) and a cation exchange membrane (11) through a membrane electrolytic resistor, and an anode reaction product ozone, a byproduct oxygen and the reactant (pure water) of an unreacted chamber are removed from an anode reaction product outlet (4) and are connected with an external circulation device of the electrolytic bath; meanwhile, protons (H +) transferred from the anode in reaction are subjected to reduction reaction at the interface of the cathode catalyst membrane and the cation exchange membrane, cathode reaction products (hydrogen) and water transferred from the anode are output from a cathode reaction product outlet (17) and are connected with an external circulation device of the electrolytic cell. Because the heat is generated when the pure water is electrolyzed, the heat forms a three-dimensional heat dissipation structure through the three-function cathode chamber (16), the three-function anode chamber (5) and the circulation system outside the electrolytic cell, the heat dissipation effect of the electrolytic cell is good.

The current density of the electrolytic cell device is 1.5A/cm²The total current is 24A, the temperature of the electrolytic cell drainage radiating plate is 35 ℃, and the ozone current efficiency (ozone weight percentage concentration) is as high as 20-24%.

The multipurpose electrolytic tank device of the utility model can be widely applied to the H production by electrolyzing water₂And O₂Electrolysis of hydrochloric acid to produce H₂And Cl₂By coarse H₂Preparing high-purity high-pressure H from raw material₂In particular, it is applicable to the preparation of high-concentration (20%) and high-pressure 5kg/cm by electrolyzing pure water²The ozone of (2).

Claims (4)

1. A multipurpose electrolytic cell apparatus, characterized by: the device comprises an anode drainage heat dissipation plate (1), a three-function anode chamber (5), a cathode drainage heat dissipation plate (18), a three-function cathode chamber (16) and a membrane composite electrode assembly; the membrane composite electrode assembly is a whole body formed by compounding a cation exchange membrane (11), an anode catalytic membrane (10), an anode porous drainage transition plate (8), a cathode catalytic membrane (12) and a cathode porous drainage transition plate (13), wherein one side of the cation exchange membrane (11) is sequentially provided with the anode catalytic membrane (10) and the anode porous drainage transition plate (8), and the other side is sequentially provided with the cathode catalytic membrane (12) and the cathode porous drainage transition plate (13); the anode side of the membrane composite electrode assembly is sequentially provided with a three-functional anode chamber (5) and an anode drainage heat dissipation plate (1), and the three-functional anode chamber and the anode drainage heat dissipation plate are electrically connected; a three-function cathode chamber (5) and a cathode drainage heat dissipation plate (18) are sequentially arranged on one sideof the cathode of the membrane composite electrode assembly and are electrically connected; an anode reactant inlet (7) and an anode reaction product outlet (4) are arranged on the three-function anode chamber (5); a cathode reactant inlet (14) and a cathode reaction product outlet (17) are arranged on the three-function cathode chamber (16); a sealing ring (21, 19) is respectively arranged between the cation exchange membrane (11) and the three-function anode chamber (5) and the three-function cathode chamber (16), an anode input end (6) and a cathode input end (15) are respectively arranged on the anode drainage heat dissipation plate (1) and the cathode drainage heat dissipation plate (18), and the whole electrolytic tank is fixedly connected with the fastening screw cap (2) through the fastening screw rod (3).

2. The multipurpose electrolyzer unit of claim 1 characterized in that: convex-concave grooves are arranged in the three-function anode chamber (5).

3. The multipurpose electrolyzer unit of claim 1 characterized in that: convex-concave alternative grooves are arranged in the three-function cathode chamber (16).

4. A multi-purpose electrolyzer unit in accordance with claim 2 or 3 characterized in that: the three-function anode chamber and the cathode chamber are made of metal, graphite or plastic electroplating conductive materials.

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