CN2423544Y

CN2423544Y - Electric water heater

Info

Publication number: CN2423544Y
Application number: CN 00224733
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杨成峰
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2000-04-30
Filing date: 2000-04-30
Publication date: 2001-03-14
Anticipated expiration: 2010-04-30

Abstract

The utility model relates to an electric water heater, which is characterized in that an electric heater 1 is positioned in the middle of a water heater; a circulating water pipe 2 is wound around the periphery of the electric heater 1; the periphery of the whole circulating water pipe 2 and both ends of the circulating water pipe are respectively provided with a heat insulation heat-insulating layer 3; the outer side of the insulating layer 3 is provided with a casing; a water pressure micro switch 6 is arranged on a water inlet pipe 5; a temperature control switch is arranged on a water outlet pipe 7. The water heater is provided with a main circuit and a control circuit; power supply of 220 volts or 380 volts can be adopted. The water heater has the advantages of good safety performance, high operational reliability, high heat efficiency, low energy consumption, convenient installation and convenient operation.

Description

Electric heater

The utility model relates to a kind of electric heater, specifically is a kind of electric heater that the bathroom bathing is used that is used for.

Along with growth in the living standard, people have had higher requirement to household electrical appliance at aspects such as safe, convenient, the price of using, energy consumption, health, and present two class water heaters on the market all have certain defective: the defective of electric heater is: water will be heated with certain hour before one, using, and consumption is limited.Two, volume is bigger, when the water of heating does not use up or is incubated, causes energy waste, and cost of use is higher.Three, price is than unreasonable, and the price that can satisfy the bathing requirement is higher, though and miniature hot-water device price is low relatively, because of water yield is little, use is restricted.The defective of combustion vapour water heater is: one, the accidental spillage of the gaseous contamination environment, particularly liquefied gas of burning generation constitutes certain threat to safety.Two, volume big (water heater adds the vapour jar) is installed restricted.Three, functional reliability undesirable (misfiring sometimes).Four, the thermal efficiency is lower, and needs often ventilation, uses inconvenient.

The purpose of this utility model is to overcome above defective, and a kind of electric heater is provided, and its security is good, reliable operation, and thermal efficiency height, energy consumption is low, and non-environmental-pollution is easy to install, reasonable price.

The purpose of this utility model is achieved in that this electric heater comprises electric heater and terminal plate, water pipe, shell, water inlet pipe and water outlet pipe, valve, be characterized in, electric heater is positioned in the middle of the water heater, circulating water pipe is around around the electric heater, the insulation layer is established at around the whole circulation water pipe and two ends, thermal insulation layer is outward a shell, and water inlet pipe is provided with the hydraulic pressure microswitch, and outlet pipe is provided with temp control switch; Its main circuit structure comprises, power supply respectively be in series RCCB DZL, the normally opened contact of SRE SJ (relay " SJ " also useful " JT " expression, down with) again are again by 220 volts of power supplys: resistance R ₁Serial connection indicator lamp ZX ₁After be connected in parallel on power firestreak, the zero line two-phase, some main electric heater DR also are connected in parallel on power firestreak, the zero line two-phase; Or by 380 volts of power supplys: resistance R ₁Series connection indicator lamp ZX ₁After be connected in parallel on any two-phase in the three-phase, at least 3 main electric heating tube DR Y-connection is on three phase mains.Its control circuit structure comprises: transformer B input and power supply two are in parallel, transformer B output one the be in series normally-closed contact of overheat awitch T in the temperature detect switch (TDS), the end of cut-in relay SJ, the normally opened contact QA of another hydraulic pressure switch that is in series of transformer B end output and the parallel circuit of hand switch QB normally opened contact, the other end of cut-in relay SJ.

The structure of this water heater is around improving the design of rate of heat exchange and heat exchanger effectiveness, electric heater (heating wire in the quartz ampoule) evolution of heat in very little space, skin has thermal conductivity strong, the fast metallic water pipe of conducting heat around, at also the have the capability of doing sth heat-insulation layer of high temperature of the skin of metal tube, the shell that appearance has metal or other material to make, because the heat that thermo electric material self absorbs is few, and the inner space is little, heat is passed to metal tube rapidly by electric heater, when water flows through in pipeline and since water and the contact area of tube wall be several times of the electric heater area (as pipe design become special shape as

Shape, effect is better), make the water can very fast heating when flowing through metal tube, above-mentioned structure adds outer field heat-insulation layer, when normal the use, heat exchanger effectiveness can reach 90% to more than 95%.

The advantage of this water heater is: one, safe in utilization, because electricity separation adds earth leakage protective, hydraulic pressure protection and this three pipe protection of temperature protection, under any circumstance can both guarantee safety; Two, simple in structure, cost low (than the low 20%-50% of common water heater), not power consumption of time spent, cost of use low (20 ℃ of 40 kg of water temperature risings are only needed 1 degree electricity, about 0.5 yuan of expense).Three, stable working state, if use hand switch, can operate as normal under various hydraulic pressure.Four, volume is little, and skin has heat-insulation layer, and rate of heat exchange is fast, thermal efficiency height.Five, install simply, connection water, power supply can use.This water heater is that available 220 volts of power supplys are applicable to family, and also available 380 volts of power supplys are that a kind of applicability is strong to be fit to unit, hotel or to be used for communal bathroom etc., easily the water heater of promoting.

Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the utility model is described in further detail.

Fig. 1 is this electric heater structural representation.

Fig. 2 is this electric heater user mode schematic diagram.

Fig. 3 is the temp control switch structural representation of this electric heater.

Fig. 4 connects the circuit structure diagram of 220 volts of power supplys for this electric heater.

Fig. 5 connects the circuit structure diagram of 380 volts of power supplys for this electric heater.

As shown in Figure 1, electric heater 1 adopts the electrical heating wire that is enclosed within the quartz ampoule, and (electric heater is represented with DR again in circuit, down together), the mica terminal plate 4 that 6 (or other quantity) quartz ampoule electrical heating wires leave gas port by two ends is solidified as a whole it with screw, (as shown in Figure 1 can integral body pull out, put into), mica terminal plate 4 be provided with binding post.(electric heater 1 also can adopt other structures such as electric heating sheets.) circulating water pipe 2 is lateral circular and is close to around the quartz ampoule electric heater 1, water pipe 2 preferably adopts cross section to be The special shape of shape to increase the heat-conducting area of water pipe, simply also can adopt common shape tubing as considering to process certainly.Water pipe 2 can be used metal tubes such as copper pipe, steel pipe, is insulation layer 3 (mica terminal plate one end leaves gas port) at the two ends that reach quartz ampoule electrical heating wire 1 all around around the circulating water pipe 2 around the quartz ampoule electrical heating wire 1 and can adopts materials such as perlite.It outside the insulation layer 3 shell 10 that metal (general steel plate, corrosion resistant plate), plastics etc. are made.Inlet tube and outlet tube 5,7 lays respectively at the both sides of water heater or two ends, and (as the end water inlet of a side, one of opposite side brings out water; Or the water inlet of a side one end, the other end water outlet of opposite side), water-in and water-out valve (not shown) is installed on the water inlet pipe and water outlet pipe 5,7.

As shown in Figure 2, this electric heater shape of cross section is oval, also can be rectangle, circle etc., but the best is oval.Water inlet pipe is provided with hydraulic pressure microswitch 6, the structure (concrete structure is not shown) that hydraulic pressure microswitch 6 adopts the hydraulic pressure of prior art to touch microswitch to rubber slab, rubber slab separates water and microswitch that (general water is down, switch is last), microswitch is connected in series in the control circuit that is located on the control panel 9 with lead.Outlet pipe 7 is provided with temp control switch 8 (referring to Fig. 3), its structure is as follows, raise and crooked alloy sheet 16 (can adopt the U matrix material in the starter for fluorescent to the right near outlet pipe and with temperature, its material is responsive to the temperature reflection, as long as several years temperature contrast Celsius promptly causes the alloy sheet bending), be connected as a single entity with connecting rod 12, connecting rod 12 is provided with the movable contact 11 of overheat awitch T and one and (has only a temperature regulation switch K as three phase mains ₁, and 220 volts of power supplys can be established more than two) above temperature regulation switch K ₁ Movable contact 13 and the T, the K that are located in the temperature detect switch (TDS) 8 ₁Stationary contact 17,14 be in normally off, wherein stationary contact 14 is located on the breakback contact stand 15, position, breakback contact stand 15 left and right sides is adjustable.The sound contact 11,17 of overheat awitch T also can only be arranged in the temp control switch 8, and do not have temperature regulation switch K ₁The sound contact, because of electric heater changes and that it(?) also can not need establish warm tune switch K as adopting control outlet valve water yield size to control water temperature ₁K ₂Deng (the relay SJ that the following stated increases ₁, SJ ₂Deng like this too).

As Fig. 4, shown in Figure 5, the most basic circuit structure of this electric heater is as follows, its main circuit comprises that (220 volts are fire, zero two-phase to the every phase of power supply, 380 volts for three-phase) normally opened contact of the RCCB DZL that connects respectively, SRE SJ, connect 220 volts of power supplys: resistance R more respectively in the following manner ₁Series connection indicator lamp ZX ₁, being connected in parallel on again on the live wire and zero line of power supply, the electrical heating wire DR in some quartz ampoules (can be 2,3,4 etc.) is connected in parallel on power firestreak and the zero line successively: or 380 volts of power supplys: the resistance R that parallel connection is connected in series on the two-phase in three-phase ₁With indicator lamp ZX ₁, star is connected to few 3 electrical heating wire DR on three phase mains again.Its control circuit comprises, transformer B output and power supply two be in parallel (220 volts and connect live wire, zero line, any two-phase in 380 volts the three-phase in parallel), the be in series normally closed contact end of cut-in relay SJ again of the overheat awitch T in the temperature detect switch (TDS) 8 of transformer B output one, the parallel circuit of transformer B output another be in series hydraulic pressure switch 6 and hand switch QB (be the normally opened contact QA of hydraulic pressure switch 6 be serially connected in again on this output after hand switch QB normally opened contact is in parallel), the other end of cut-in relay SJ again.By above basic circuit, this electric heater one energize is several quartz ampoule electrical heating wires and works simultaneously.Need to regulate the height of water temperature, then regulate by the size of control water yield.Be provided with temperature overheating protection switch T in the circuit, hydraulic pressure protection switch QA (in the structure of Fig. 1, being labeled as 6), earth leakage circuit-breaker ZDL, relay SJ, working station indicator ZX ₁, components and parts (hand switch generally is installed on the control panel 9) such as hand switch QB.In order to satisfy temperature automatically controlled needs, also following element and circuit can increased on the basis of above basic circuit: increase auxiliary electrical heater strip DR more than a group ₁And and supporting relay SJ ₁, resistance R ₂With indicator lamp ZX ₂Concrete annexation is 220 volts of voltages: an auxiliary electrical heater strip DR ₁Be connected in series a relay SJ ₁Normally opened contact after be connected in parallel on the live wire and zero line of main electrical heating wire DR rear end resistance R ₂With indicator lamp ZX ₂Be connected in parallel on auxiliary electrical heater strip DR after the serial connection ₁Two ends on, one group of back is also with (relay is SJ ₂, the auxiliary electrical heated filament is DR ₁, resistance is R ₃, indicator lamp is ZX ₃), or 380 volts: 3 (one group) electrical heating wire DR ₁Be connected in series the normal opened contact SJ of a relay respectively ₁After be Y-connection on three phase mains, a phase power supply be connected on another relay SJ on power supply mutually ₁With electrical heating wire DR ₁Between be parallel with resistance R ₂And indicator lamp ZX ₂, resistance R ₂With indicator lamp ZX ₂Series connection.Corresponding with above main circuit increase part, control circuit is set up at least one temperature regulation switch K ₁With relay SJ ₁, concrete annexation is as follows: temperature regulation switch K ₁Serial connection relay SJ ₁, be connected in parallel on again on the transformer output two-phase of relay SJ rear end (220 volts and 380 volts all with); If 220 volts then add following circuit again: temperature regulation switch K ₂Serial connection relay SJ ₂Be connected in parallel on K again ₁And SJ ₁On the two-phase of the transformer B output of rear end.

After connecting the control power supply; open heater inleting pipe's valve; the contact QA closure of hydraulic pressure microswitch 6; relay SJ gets electric adhesive; the conducting main circuit; power supply is through earth leakage circuit-breaker DZL; relay SJ contacting electric heater; whole circuit is in normal operating conditions, by adjusting the axial location set water temperature of breakback contact stand 15 in the temp control switch 8, when water temperature raises; the alloy sheet 16 that is contained in the temperature detect switch (TDS) on the outlet pipe 7 is crooked to the right; promote connecting rod 12 and move right, when temperature was elevated to above design temperature, alloy sheet 16 moved to 12 and makes warm tune switch K ₁, K ₂Successively disconnect indicator lamp ZX ₂, ZX ₃Extinguish, at this moment have only part electrical heating wire DR work, leaving water temperature reduces, and when water temperature dropped to design temperature, alloy sheet 16 promoted connecting rod 12 motions left, makes K ₁, K ₂In one of or both conductings, indicator lamp ZX ₂, ZX ₃Shinny, electrical heating wire DR ₁Be in the state that works on, otherwise disconnect again, to keep constant water temperature, when making conduit temperature continue to raise if any special circumstances, alloy sheet 16 promotes connecting rod 12 and moves right, disconnect up to T, the control circuit electric power disconnection, SJ disconnects, water heater quits work, will be with the closed T of hand gear before reusing, and T can not auto-closing, safe in utilization to guarantee.In the circuit also design hand switch QB arranged, when hydraulic pressure can not allow the contact QA closure (not enough for a long time as hydraulic pressure) of switch 6, water heater is not worked; at this moment there is a certain amount of water to flow out as water heater outlet; can use hand switch QB closure, water heater working, overtemperature protection simultaneously etc. can normally be protected.Also the available electron element amplifies the signal that produces by thermoinduction, controls automatically using power, regulates water temperature.

Claims

1, a kind of electric heater, comprise electric heater (1) and terminal plate (4), water pipe (2), shell (10), water inlet pipe and water outlet pipe (5,7), valve, it is characterized in that electric heater (1) is positioned in the middle of the water heater, circulating water pipe (2) around electric heater (1) all around, insulation layer (3) is established at around the whole circulation water pipe (2) and two ends, thermal insulation layer (3) is outer to be shell (10), and water inlet pipe (5) is provided with hydraulic pressure microswitch (6), and outlet pipe (7) is provided with temp control switch (8); Its main circuit structure comprises, respectively the be in series normally opened contact of RCCB DZL, SRE SJ of power supply is again by 220 volts of power supplys: resistance R ₁Serial connection indicator lamp ZX ₁, be connected in parallel on power firestreak, the zero line two-phase, some main electric heater DR are connected in parallel on power firestreak, the zero line two-phase equally; Or by 380 volts of power supplys: resistance R ₁Series connection indicator lamp ZX ₁, be connected in parallel on any two-phase in the three-phase, at least 3 main electric heater DR Y-connection is on three phase mains; Its control circuit structure comprises: transformer B input and power supply two are in parallel, transformer B output one be in series the overheat awitch T in the temperature detect switch (TDS) (8), the end of cut-in relay SJ, the normally opened contact QA of another hydraulic pressure switch that is in series (6) of transformer B end output and the parallel circuit of hand switch normally opened contact QB, the other end of cut-in relay SJ.

2, electric heater according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described main circuit also comprises 220 volts of power supplys: at least one electrical auxiliary heater DR ₁SRE SJ ₁Normally opened contact is connected in parallel on the two-phase power supply of main electric heater DR rear end resistance R again ₂Serial connection indicator lamp ZX ₂, be connected in parallel on electrical auxiliary heater DR ₁Two ends, or 380 volts of power supplys: the electrical auxiliary heater DR of at least 3 Y-connections ₁SRE SJ ₁3 normally opened contacts, be connected on the three phase mains: described control circuit comprises that also at least one is located at the temperature regulation switch K in the temperature detect switch (TDS) ₁Normally-closed contact SRE SJ ₁, be connected in parallel on the two-phase of transformer B output.

3, electric heater according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, the structure of described temp control switch (8) is, raise and can be connected as a single entity by crooked to the right alloy sheet (16) and connecting rod (12) with temperature, connecting rod (12) is provided with movable contact (11) and at least one the temperature regulation switch K of overheat awitch T ₁Movable contact (13), they are normally closed with stationary contact 17 that is located at the overheat awitch T on the switch base and the stationary contact (14) that is located on the breakback contact stand (15), breakback contact stand (15) position, the left and right sides is adjustable.

4, electric heater according to claim 3 is characterized in that the shape of cross section of described circulating water pipe (2) is

Shape.

5, electric heater according to claim 4 is characterized in that described electric heater (1) is for being enclosed within the electrical heating wire in the quartz ampoule.