CN2351747Y

CN2351747Y - Battery capacity test instrument

Info

Publication number: CN2351747Y
Application number: CN 98232256
Authority: CN
Inventors: 丁俊清; 胡是炎
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1998-12-25
Filing date: 1998-12-25
Publication date: 1999-12-01
Anticipated expiration: 2008-12-25

Abstract

The utility model relates to a storage battery capacity test instrument, which comprises a sampling electrode, a single chip microcomputer calculating circuit and a digital display circuit. The sampling circuit takes terminal voltage and discharge current signals directly from the positive and the negative electrodes of a storage battery, and a set of lines of a clamper of the sampling electrode sends the terminal voltage to the single chip microcomputer calculating circuit directly. Through a discharge control element, a resistor and the instantaneous discharge of a current sensor, the other set of lines sends the discharge current signals to the single chip microcomputer calculating circuit by an output end of the current sensor. Calculation results are displayed by a liquid crystal digital display circuit.

Description

The accumulator capacity tester

A kind of accumulator capacity tester belongs to the surveying instrument field.

How many capacity lead-acid accumulator still has at any time, is the problem that utilization and maintenance personal extremely pay close attention to.Indivedual lead-acid accumulator retained storage capacity subcritical capacity, or in battery pack, be mingled with indivedual accumulators that fall behind, can not under the igniting operating mode, export enough big power, the directly normal transportation production of influence.Its reason nothing more than following some: accumulator uses unaccelerated aging after a period of time, long discharge naturally of storage period, accumulator electric leakage, or because rhegma in the pole, the pole plate short circuit, pole plate is badly damaged, vulcanizes etc.

Reliability when improving the accumulator operation, not only need to strengthen prevention by rational care and maintenance, and need monitor the quality state of accumulator by effective technical means, particularly the technology controlling and process that actual state-of-charge the carried out operation to accumulator is very to need.Thereby when accumulator was overhauled, what stand in the breach was exactly mensuration to its capacity.The degree of discharge of the concentration of the kind of the capacity of accumulator and accumulator pole plate structure, quantity of active material, adjuvant and quantity, separator material, electrolytic solution and temperature, accumulator, the size of discharge rate etc. have direct relation.So it is very difficult will calculating its capacity from its inner structure and data in the short time, especially starts in the emergency processing such as fault and find out backward single-unit difficulty especially rapidly at locomotive.

The mensuration of accumulator capacity is had two kinds of direct method and indirect methods, and direct method is exactly with battery tension, and discharge current and time product are exactly the capacity of accumulator, obviously are unallowed in this method utilization.Indirect method is exactly by detecting accumulator prior art state (voltage, electric current, environment temperature), according to the intrinsic function relation between they and capacity, extrapolates the performance capacity of accumulator.

At present, the accumulator capacity tester that occurs on the market mostly is discharger greatly, can only the estimated capacity scope, thus judge the state of accumulator, can only blur, and can not accurately measure the capability value of accumulator.

The utility model purpose is to provide a kind of volume little, simple to operate, is easy to carry the accumulator capacity tester of intuitive display.This tester can not only be measured the performance capacity of accumulator, but also the terminal voltage of energy measurement accumulator, discharge current, accumulator internal resistance.

The technical solution of the utility model comprises sample circuit, single-chip microcomputer counting circuit and digital display circuit.Sample circuit will be delivered to the single-chip microcomputer input circuit from the signal of accumulator sampling, calculate and handle through single-chip microcomputer, the digital display circuit display result is delivered in output, it is characterized in that sample circuit is directly to get terminal voltage and discharge current signal from the accumulator positive negative electrode, voltage sample line and current sampling line parallel on the sampling electrode clamper, the voltage sampling line is directly delivered to the single-chip microcomputer input circuit with voltage signal, the current sampling line connects by discharge resistance R, the two ends of discharge control element M and current sensor L series circuit, deliver to the single-chip microcomputer input circuit from the discharge current signal that the output terminal of current sensor takes out, the discharge control element is controlled its conducting and ON time by the test control knob.

Above-mentioned accumulator capacity tester, when being used for the measurement of single-unit and single Battery pack dual-purpose, at the single-chip microcomputer input end selector switch input circuit is set, by single-chip microcomputer to single group, single-unit is selected to correct errors and is judged and show, select when correct, have signal to deliver to discharge control element tube drive circuit, decision is that single-unit or single group discharge control element are in running order.

The display circuit of above-mentioned accumulator capacity tester adopts liquid crystal display, and it comprises that liquid shows driving circuit and LCDs, and the capacity of display, terminal voltage, discharge current, internal resistance simultaneously when single-unit, single group selection mistake, shows error signal.

The following several advantages of this programme:

1, set high rate discharge electric current in the electric current more near the real work situation of accumulator, directly reflect the startup output power performance of accumulator, make the more approaching linearity of discharge curve of itself, this is that we detect and need most;

2, because the utilization computer technology can all be noted all parameters, and measured magnitude of voltage is represented the concentration of the acid of violent discharging condition average effective, current value then is the reflection on active (effectively) surface under this condition.Just can calculate the capacity of tested accumulator by pre-set programs by the parameter of these actual measurements;

3, measuring speed is fast, generally be controlled between the 80ms-150ms discharge time, makes it to destroy the concentration balance of polar board surface acid, makes its curve near actual, also guaranteeing in addition has ample time makes the concentration polarization that forms stability in the battery, makes detected value more effective.Design about 4 seconds of used time of whole measurement;

Though 4 discharge currents are big, because of the time weak point, can not influence the life-span of accumulator, do not need big heating radiator yet, it is in light weight to reach tester, the requirement that volume is little.

Below accompanying drawing is described:

Fig. 1 is a logic diagram, and sample circuit is delivered to the single-chip microcomputer counting circuit with battery tension V and discharge current I signal, and single-chip microcomputer is delivered to the digital display circuit display result with result of calculation.When single group and single-unit selection function, the selector switch amount is sent single-chip microcomputer, and judgement is corrected errors, can show rub-out signal when selecting to stagger the time, remind the operator to reselect, single-chip microcomputer output simultaneously connects discharge control element driving circuit, makes corresponding discharge control tube be in readiness for operation.

Fig. 2 is the sample circuit schematic diagram, and it is discharge resistance that B represents accumulator, R, and M is that metal-oxide-semiconductor, L are current sensors, and S is the test control knob, and V is the sampling voltage signal, and I is that sampling current signal, O are ground wires.

Fig. 3 is the single-chip microcomputer counting circuit, and U1 is single-chip microcomputer among the figure.R5 and L2 are power display circuits, and during power switch S8 on opening the tester panel, light emitting diode L2 is bright.R6, R7, S1, E1, U4:B, E2 form the reset circuit of single-chip microcomputer, also reset to U6 simultaneously.C1, C2, C3 form the oscillatory circuit of single-chip microcomputer, for single-chip microcomputer provides clock.L1, R8, P1, D1, D2 form the reference power source of single-chip microcomputer, and reference power source is provided during for single-chip simulation/digital conversion.R13, R14, R15, S3, S4, S5 are the inputs (by the control of the measurement selector switch on the panel) of switching value, make single-chip microcomputer know that present measurement state is single group or single-unit, and when the notice single-chip microcomputer begins to measure (when the testing button S5 on the panel is closed, beginning test).When the S7 of S3, MOS circuit closure, the measurement state is a single-unit.The common point P31 that tested battery is linked R1, R2 by the crocodile clip and the lead at instrument rear portion, R1, R2, R3, Z1, Z2, Z5, U5:A, U5:B, composition voltage sample, and the sampling of single-unit and single group is separately.R1, Z2, U5:B, Z5 are the voltage sampling circuits of single-unit specifically, and R2, R3, U5:A, Z1 are the voltage sampling circuits of single group.Current signal is connected to current signal I by the current sensor output terminal in the main circuit P37 point of the current sample input circuit of being made up of R4, Z6, U5:C, I pin, 68 pin, 66 pin that output is input to single-chip microcomputer respectively carry out voltage, the current value that analog/digital conversion obtains digital quantity with this three road signal.What single-chip microcomputer judge to be measured according to magnitude of voltage is single-unit or single group; and the result compared with the measurement state that obtains from switching value; if identical then continuation is measured; if difference then prompting operation person measures status error; change the measurement state up to the operator; two kinds of identical just continuation of measurement state are measured, with the protection main circuit.U2 is a latch, for U3 provides low eight bit address.U3 is the program storage unit (PSU) of single-chip microcomputer, the program of storage single-chip microcomputer.Whether the state decision of K1 adopts house dog.When 6 pin ground connection of single-chip microcomputer, system adopts house dog to increase the reliability of system.U6 is the I/0 extended chip, that receives order from single-chip microcomputer for it, show measurement result or give operator's prompting operation rub-out signal that the MOS driving circuit of forming by R9, R10, R11, R12, N1, N2 drives main circuit simultaneously, to realize turning on and off of main circuit thereby drive liquid crystal U7.

Fig. 4 is the metal-oxide-semiconductor main circuit.

Main circuit is made up of main circuit buffer circuit, main circuit driving circuit, main circuit, DC-DC transfer circuit.Wherein U9, U10 are the dc-dc conversion module.S8 is the power switch on the instrument panel.When S8 connected, crocodile clip by the instrument rear portion and lead were connected to U8, U9 to three joints of accumulator or four joints.U8 becomes stable direct current+12V to three joints of accumulator or four economize on electricity pressures, is the drive circuitry of main circuit, and the isolation of realization and accumulator electricity.U9 three joints of accumulator or four economize on electricitys press become stable direct current+12V ,-12V ,+5V, be the power supply of single chip computer measurement control system and current sensor, and the isolation of realization and accumulator and main circuit electricity.G1, G2 are the light-coupled isolation chips, receive from the signal of measuring control panel P45, P43, and opening and turn-offing of decision main circuit realizes the reliability of the isolation of circuit of measurement and control and main circuit electricity with the raising system simultaneously.R17, R18, R21, N3, N5, R19, R20, R22, N4, N6 are two cover main circuit driving circuits.R23, M1, M2 are main circuit.Wherein M1, M2 are the CMOS pipe.Two or more parallel connections are adopted in model decision according to tested accumulator, to improve the current capacity of main circuit.R23 is a current-limiting resistance, according to the model of measured accumulator decision be adopt the method for series diode or with high-power resistance as current-limiting resistance, if the method for employing series diode.Need to adopt the number of series diode according to tested accumulator model decision.If tested battery terminal is between Z4 and Z3, S7, S3 closure then can only be measured single-unit when the panel selector switch is selected single-unit, and S6, S4 closure then can only be measured single group when the panel selector switch is selected single group.S6, S7 are the test control knobs.

Embodiment of the present utility model by describing in detail in accompanying drawing and the explanation, because the capacity of present homemade CMOS pipe is not enough, can according to circumstances adopt a plurality of parallel connections, also can adopt thyristor, only needs to change correspondent control circuits and gets final product.

Claims

1, a kind of accumulator capacity tester, comprise sample circuit, single-chip microcomputer counting circuit and digital display circuit, sample circuit will be delivered to the single-chip microcomputer input circuit from the signal of accumulator sampling, calculate and handle through single-chip microcomputer, the digital display circuit display result is delivered in output, it is characterized in that sample circuit is directly to get terminal voltage and discharge current signal from the accumulator positive negative electrode, voltage sampling and current sampling line parallel on the sampling electrode clamper, the voltage sampling line is directly delivered to the single-chip microcomputer input circuit with voltage signal, the current sampling line connects by discharge resistance R, the two ends of discharge control element M and current sensor L series circuit, deliver to the single-chip microcomputer input circuit from the discharge current signal that the output terminal of current sensor takes out, the discharge control element is controlled its conducting and ON time by the test control knob.

2, accumulator capacity tester according to claim 1, when it is characterized in that being used for the measurement of single-unit and single Battery pack dual-purpose, at the single-chip microcomputer input end selector switch input circuit is set, by single-chip microcomputer to single group, the single-unit selector switch is corrected errors and is judged and show, select when correct, have signal to deliver to discharge control element driving circuit, decision is that single-unit or single group discharge control element are in running order.

3, accumulator capacity tester according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that display circuit adopts liquid crystal display, it comprises that liquid shows driving circuit and LCDs, the capacity of display, terminal voltage, discharge current, internal resistance simultaneously, when single-unit, single group selection mistake, show error signal.