CN2308049Y - Boiler with adiabatic combustion-supporting super-fire-grate and smoke secondary circulation region - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a boiler with an adiabatic combustion-supporting upper-layer grate and a smoke gas secondary circulation region, which is characterized in that an upper-layer grate is formed by the combination of an abnormal heat-resisting cast iron pipe, wedge-groove-shaped refractory bricks and wedge-strip-shaped refractory bricks; the wedge-groove-shaped refractory bricks are supported by a support plate which is welded on a boiler cavity wall; abnormal heat-resisting cast iron is pushed in from a guide pipe mouth, and enters a boiler chamber along a wedge-groove-shaped refractory brick inner cavity; the wedge-strip-shaped refractory bricks are arranged on the upper mouth surface of the wedge-groove-shaped refractory bricks, the junction surface of the wedge-strip-shaped refractory bricks and the wedge-groove-shaped refractory bricks is sealed by refractory concrete, the abnormal heat-resisting cast iron pipe is tightly wrapped inside, and a tail smoke gas secondary circulation region is formed by the combination of a smoke gas circulation chamber on the upper part of the boiler cavity and a smoke box circulation chamber on the outside of a boiler shell.

Description

Adiabatic combustion-supporting upper grate and flue gas secondary circulation boiler

The utility model belongs to the technical field of coal-burning boiler, especially relates to a kind of double-grate boiler.

Existing double-grate boiler is the improvement type of furnace of fixed grate hand-fired boiler, because of it adopts the anti-principle of burning of grate, can make carbon granules and fuel gas obtain abundant after-flame through the repeated combustion process, has the high and good outstanding advantage of smoke medicining dust-removing effect than the fixed grate boiler thermal efficiency, become the main type of furnace that small scall coal-fired boiler sale in recent years has a large capacity and a wide range, obtained development faster.

But the furnace type structure of existing double-grate boiler, the structure that its upper grate burner is adopted is water pipe furnace grate or fin water pipe furnace grate basically, the equal degree of this class fire grate is different exists following shortcoming: 1, in the water-cooled grate tube a little less than the water circulation, overheated modification occurs easily behind the tube wall incrustation and cause pipe explosion accident; 2, the fire grate fractional cold is big, and coal combustion efficient is low, and coal adaptability is relatively poor; 3, water-cooled grate perforate processing technology complexity on furnace wall, flue intensity is influenced; 4, fin and tube wall welding quality be cannot say for sure to demonstrate,prove, and lack of penetration position, poor stability are easily torn in temperature distortion.

On the other hand, the afterbody convection heating surface of existing vertical double-grate boiler, substantially be to take in flue to arrange that intensive little horizontal water tube conducts heat or arrange that in the outside smoke box of shell vertical ear type water pipe conducts heat in two kinds of the former little horizontal water tubes of structural shape a little less than the water circulation, it is bad to conduct heat, and with the passing of time operation manages interior fouling and the outer dust stratification of pipe all is difficult to effective removing, directly influence heat-transfer effect, and increased the inner flue gas of the stove circulating resistance, worsened combustion conditions.The streamline of latter's flue gas in the smoke box corridor washes away and inhomogeneous heating surface, and flue gas flow rate is lower, heat-transfer effect also a little less than, if the heating surface in the smoke box is arranged as main heat convection face, boiler thermal output be cannot say for sure to demonstrate,prove, and metal consumption is bigger, and is both uneconomical also unreasonable.

Secondly, existing double-grate boiler is poking fire when disclosing slag, and the coal seam temperature fluctuation is bigger, and combustible easily forms the carbon black material, chimney can emerge a large amount of black smokes and flying dust, serious environment pollution.

Above-mentioned many disadvantages hinders and has fettered the development of double-grate boiler, is the still unsolved for a long time technical barrier in this field.

The purpose of this utility model is at the deficiencies in the prior art, provides a kind of rational in infrastructure, thermal efficiency height, and smoke medicining dust-removing effect is good, security of operation, installation and maintenance have the boiler of adiabatic combustion-supporting upper grate and flue gas secondary circulation easily.

The utility model comprises shell, flue, upper grate, lower floor's casting furnace grate, water leg, carbonated drink chamber, the preheating combustion chamber that catches fire, hybrid combustor, burning chamber, furnace bottom ash grit chamber, smoke circulation chamber, flue top, the outside smoke box of shell volute chamber, chimney inlet seat, wherein: upper grate is by conduit, damper, special-shaped heat-resisting cast iron pipe, wedge flute profile refractory brick, spline shape refractory brick, support plate, the adiabatic combustion-supporting upper grate that supporting plate is formed.Wedge flute profile refractory brick is by the pallet supporting that is welded on the furnace wall.Abnormity heat-resisting cast iron pipe is pushed by conduit mouth, enters furnace chamber along wedge flute profile refractory brick inner chamber, and the support location is inserted by the gripper shoe that is welded on the inboard wall of furnace face in its rear end, and its front end supports the location by the pipe inner wall face.Spline shape refractory brick is contained in the last actinal surface of wedge flute profile refractory brick, and both faying face places adopt the refractory concrete sealing and special-shaped heat-resisting cast iron pipe closely is wrapped in inside, and it is whole that the three constitutes a carrying jointly.Conduit passes water leg and connects furnace wall and boiler wall, damper is arranged at the outside extended end of conduit, can introduce auxiliary air by the heat conduction mouth of pipe and enter special-shaped heat-resisting cast iron tube cavity, the bottom of special-shaped heat-resisting cast iron pipe is provided with the auxiliary air output eyelet that leads to wedge flute profile refractory brick inner chamber.The bottom of wedge flute profile refractory brick also is provided with the eyelet that leads to hybrid combustor.The special pipe that abnormity heat-resisting cast iron pipe also can adopt other heating resisting metal material to make replaces.

Upper and lower layer fire grate is positioned at burner hearth, and flue is divided into the smoke circulation chamber from top to bottom together with the upper thermal barrier smoke baffle plate, the preheating combustion chamber that catches fire, hybrid combustor three parts, be provided with the coal inlet that passes water leg at the preheating sidewall of combustion chamber that catches fire, be provided with the door that pokes fire that passes water leg at the hybrid combustor sidewall, sidewall also is provided with ash door in the furnace bottom ash grit chamber, and burning chamber and smoke box volute chamber are arranged on the shell outer wall.Pass the hybrid combustor that water leg is communicated with the flue bottom in the burning chamber bottom with smoke pipe, also pass the smoke circulation chamber that water leg is communicated with flue top at an upper portion thereof with smoke pipe.On the symmetrical direction of the sidewall of smoke circulation chamber, flue top and burning chamber's smoke mouth of pipe, pass water leg with smoke pipe and be connected with the outside smoke box of shell volute chamber.Be provided with chimney inlet seat with the symmetrical direction of the flue top smoke circulation chamber smoke mouth of pipe on the smoke box top cover.Along inboard wall of furnace circumference block one circle refractory-lined ovens lining brick is arranged in the hybrid combustor bottom.

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment shown in the drawings the utility model is elaborated, but content of the present utility model is not limited to shown in the accompanying drawing.

Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present utility model;

Fig. 2 is the A-A cutaway view among Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is that B among Fig. 1 is to view;

Fig. 4 is the C-C cutaway view among Fig. 1;

Fig. 5 is the D-D cutaway view among Fig. 1.

Smoke box housing 1, insulation material 2, deashing inspection door 3, the ear type is bent water pipe 4, the outside smoke box of shell volute chamber 5, flue gas delivery line 6, smoke baffle plate 7, ash disposal hole 8, the preheating combustion chamber 9 that catches fire, coal inlet 10, spline shape refractory brick 11, conduit 12, damper 13, special-shaped heat-resisting cast iron pipe 14, wedge flute profile refractory brick 15, supporting plate 16, slag poker 17, hybrid combustor 18, furnace lining firebrick 19, skimming door 20, cinder chamber 21, lower floor's casting furnace grate 22, ash and slag disposal door 23, refractory material 24, burning chamber's housing 25, burning chamber 26, water circulation syrinx 27, fire smoke gases outlet 28, support plate 29, flue 30, shell 31, water leg 32, smoke outlet tube 33, smoke circulation chamber, flue top 34, furnace gall head wall 35, single head is bent water pipe 36, carbonated drink chamber 37, chimney inlet seat 38, eyelet 39, bottom eyelet 40.

In the accompanying drawing illustrated embodiment, this boiler comprises shell 31, flue 30, adiabatic combustion-supporting upper grate, lower floor's casting furnace grate 22, water leg 32, carbonated drink chamber 37, the preheating combustion chamber 9 that catches fire, hybrid combustor 18, burning chamber 26, furnace bottom ash grit chamber 21, smoke circulation chamber, flue top 34, the outside smoke box of shell volute chamber 5, chimney inlet seat 38, wherein: adiabatic combustion-supporting upper grate is by special-shaped heat-resisting cast iron pipe 14, wedge-shaped slot refractory brick 15, spline shape refractory brick 11 combines.The bottom interval of wedge flute profile refractory brick 15 has eyelet 40, and by supporting plate 16 supportings that are welded on the inboard wall of furnace face.Abnormity heat-resisting cast iron pipe 14 is pushed by conduit mouth 12, enters furnace chamber along wedge flute profile refractory brick 15 inner chambers, and the supporting location is inserted by the support plate 29 that is welded on the inboard wall of furnace face in its rear end, and its front end supports the location by conduit 12 internal faces.Abnormity heat-resisting cast iron tube cavity back-end closure, front end leads to conduit mouth, is drilled with eyelet 39 at the bottom of its abdomen at interval.Spline shape refractory brick 11 is contained in the last actinal surface of wedge flute profile refractory brick 15, and both faying face places adopt the refractory concrete sealing, and special-shaped heat-resisting cast iron pipe 14 closely is wrapped in inside, and it is whole that the three constitutes a carrying jointly.Conduit 12 front ends assembling damper 13.

Preheating catch fire combustion chamber 9 end face with smoke baffle plate 7 separately with smoke circulation chamber, flue top 34, on its sidewall, be provided with the coal inlet 10 that passes water leg 32.On the sidewall of the middle part of hybrid combustor 18, offer the slag poker 17 that passes water leg 32, on the sidewall of symmetry direction, offer and pass the fire smoke gases outlet 28 that water leg 32 is communicated with burning chamber 26, along inboard wall of furnace 30 blocks one circle furnace lining firebrick 19 is arranged in the furnace chamber bottom.On cinder chamber's 21 sidewalls, be provided with skimming door 20.

In burning chamber 26, be furnished with a draining circulation syrinx 27, shell wall 31 is passed in the lower end of water circulation syrinx 27, be communicated with water leg 32, its epimere extends to the afterbody of smoke box 5, the termination is passed shell wall 31 and is communicated with carbonated drink chamber 37, offers to pass the smoke outlet tube 33 that water leg 32 is communicated with smoke circulation chamber, flue top 34 on the upper end of burning chamber 26 shell wall 31.Be laid with refractory material 24 in burning chamber's housing 25 inboards, and housing is provided with deashing cleanout door 23.

In smoke circulation chamber, flue top 34, along inboard wall of furnace circumference radial equipartition the vertical curved water pipe 36 of single head of putting stagger arrangement of two rows is arranged, the lower end of curved water pipe 36 is passed furnace wall 30 and is communicated with water leg 32, its upper end is passed furnace gall head wall 35 and is communicated with carbonated drink chamber 37, with burning chamber 26 smoke outlet tubes, 33 symmetry direction sidewalls on be provided with and pass the flue gas delivery line 6 that water leg 32 is communicated with the outside smoke box of shell volute chamber 5, leave the neutral gear of using for deashing before the two ends of flue gas delivery line 6.

In the outside smoke box of shell volute chamber 5, radial equipartition along shell outside wall surface regional area has the vertical curved water pipe 4 of ear type of putting stagger arrangement of two rows, the lower end of the curved water pipe of ear type is passed shell wall 31 and is communicated with water leg 32, the upper end is passed shell wall 31 and is communicated with carbonated drink chambers 37, derives at smoke box top cover and flue gas chimney inlet 38 is set on the symmetrical direction of the mouth of pipe 6.Smoke box housing 1 is combined by pintongs, connect with flange bolt each other, at each faying face place of smoke box and smoke box housing 1 all wrap up in fire clay with the joint place of shell wall 31 and tamp sealing with asbestos cord, it is heat insulation all to lay insulation material 2 at smoke box housing medial surface.On the smoke box housing, also be provided with deashing inspection door 3, ash disposal hole 8.

The course of work of the present utility model and principle:

Coal-fired send into preheating by coal inlet 10 and catch fire in the combustion chamber 9, ignites to normal combustion through igniting in the coal seam, the refractory brick on the adiabatic combustion-supporting upper grate be about to the heat put aside constantly towards periphery the zone send hyperthermia radiation heat and improved fire box temperature greatly.Open damper 13 this moment, and then the auxiliary air that is sucked by conduit mouth 12 obtains preheating along special-shaped heat-resisting cast iron pipe 14 abdominal cavities after by wedge flute profile refractory brick 15 bottom eyelets 40 and heats, and forms the auxiliary air jet.The fire smoke gases that the coal combustion district produces obtains quickening diffusion by upper grate pantographic runner the time, and under the auxiliary air jet suction injection of going into, obtain the speedup diffusion again by upper grate bottom eyelet 40 benefits, strengthened therefrom by the diffusion of primary air in the coal seam of coal inlet 10 inputs and flowed, impel superjacent under the good mixing of high temperature heating and primary air, to burn tempestuously, effectively strengthened the efficiency of combustion of upper grate.

By bulk lime-ash and the residual coke that the clinker area of pressing close to the upper grate face comes off, be deposited on lower floor's casting furnace grate 22 and continue to burn.Volatile matter still imperfect combustion in the coal seam then enters hybrid combustor 18 with fire smoke gases with other fuel gas and flying dust carbon granules, with the auxiliary air that sucks and be upward through the casting furnace grate ash bed by furnace bottom ash grit chamber 21 collision that liquidates, and, impel combustible and oxygen fully to be mixed by mending under the suction injection disturbance of the auxiliary air jet of going at upper grate bottom eyelet 40.In the heating of furnace chamber thermal-flame flue gas with from upper grate refractory brick, under the hyperthermia radiation heat build-up of bottom furnace lining firebrick and the scorching hot ash bed of lower floor's casting furnace grate, strong mixed combustion takes place in combustible and oxygen, and is fully burnt.The combustible that has little time to burn has on a small quantity obtained the room and time condition that continues to burn again after entering burning chamber 26 with fire smoke gases.In hybrid combustor 18, the thermal-flame flue gas transmits radiations heat energy to local flue wall.In burning chamber 26, thermal-flame flue gas parallel baffled water circulation syrinx 27 and local shell wall, discharging radiation heat and convection heat.The bulky grain flying dust is when flowing by way of hybrid combustor 18 and burning chamber 26 with flue gas, because of the effect that is turned to baffling inertia force obtains separate and subside.

High-temperature flue gas enters smoke circulation chamber, flue top 34 by burning chamber's 26 top smoke outlet tubes 33, in smoke circulation chamber, flue top 34, flue gas is indulged by two rows and is put blocking of the curved water pipe 36 of stagger arrangement, be forced to be divided into two-way, respectively along the passageway that forms between curved water pipe 36 and inboard wall of furnace face around 180 ° of rotations, coming together in flue gas at last derives the mouth of pipe 6 and enters smoke box volute chamber, shell outside 5.Tiny flying dust is subjected to centrifugal action to be thrown to the inboard wall of furnace face in the flue gas rotary course, and is combined into bulky grain is deposited on the smoke baffle plate 7 under air-flow extruding.Part is with the tiny flying dust of the curved water pipe 36 of flue gas stream transversal flow, also under the blocking of the curved water pipe of two rows, assemble sedimentation, be deposited in the lime-ash on the smoke baffle plate 7, can remove for 6 mouthfuls by the flue gas delivery line comprehensively by opening the inspection shoot door 3 on the outside smoke box of the shell volute chamber housing.High-temperature flue gas is when the curved water pipe 36 of transversal flow stagger arrangement, and that is restrained stops disturbance, thereby has improved coefficient of convective heat transfer, emits a large amount of heat convection amounts to curved festoon 36 and inboard wall of furnace.

Enter the flue gas stream of the outside smoke box of shell volute chamber 5, also be forced to be divided into two-way, respectively along the passageway that forms between shell 31 outside wall surface and smoke box housing 1 inboard around 180 ° of rotational flows, be pooled to chimney inlet 38 at last and enter atmosphere by chimney.Remaining tiny flying dust is thrown on the wall of heat-insulation layer 2 of smoke box inboard by centrifugal action in the rotation with flue gas stream, and is combined into the bulky grain lime-ash under the adhesive attraction of the extruding of air-flow and insulation wall, is deposited on the smoke box base plate.Part also obtains assembling sedimentation with the tiny flying dust of the curved water pipe 4 of the vertical amount of flue gas transversal flow two rows stagger arrangement ear type under the blocking of tube bank.The lime-ash that is deposited on the base plate can be removed by the inspection shoot door 3 and the ash disposal hole 8 of opening on the smoke box housing comprehensively.During the curved water pipe 4 of flue gas transversal flow two row ear types in smoke box, that is restrained stops disturbance, has improved coefficient of convective heat transfer, has strengthened the convection heat transfer' heat-transfer by convection effect of flue gas to curved festoon 4 and shell 31 outside wall surface.

The curved water pipe of arranging in curved water pipe 36 of the single head of arranging in water circulation syrinx of in burning chamber 26, arranging 27 and the smoke circulation chamber, flue top 34 and the outside smoke box of the shell volute chamber 54 of ear type, be the water-circulating pipe bundle of zones of different in the boiler, increased pot interior each regional water circulation pressure reduction height, the corresponding pot interior water circulating speed that improved has effectively strengthened the heat-transfer effect of carbonated drink in the boiler.

Compared with prior art, the utlity model has following outstanding advantage:

1, overcome technology prejudice, in double-grate boiler, abolished and use the upper strata water-cooled grate, thoroughly eradicated All adverse effects of bringing of existing water-cooled grate, design provides new thought to double-grate boiler;

2, adiabatic combustion-supporting upper grate has higher efficiency of combustion, can not do bigger increase at grate area In the situation, obtain bigger boiler output, realize the optimum efficiency of " arcola is exerted oneself greatly "; Simultaneously, by In the heating surface design fume side is had in stronger heat-transfer effect and the pot and formed good Water circulation hydrodynamics, pot Furnace body has higher heat transfer efficiency, can save steel and reduce cost, and has obvious economic benefit;

3, adiabatic combustion-supporting upper grate can cause higher burner hearth heating-up temperature and polyoxy to mix condition, energy Impel combustible fully to mix with oxygen in burner hearth, active combustion burns fast, effectively prevents the product of black smoke Give birth to, greatly reduce heat loss due to unburned gas and heat loss due to combustibles in refuse, smoke eliminating energy-saving effect Significantly;

The outside smoke box of smoke circulation chamber, flue top of 4, being adopted and shell volute chamber combination form, can make tiny flying dust when flowing through the afterbody convection heating surface with flue gas, obtain the effective separate and subside of secondary, thereby greatly reduce the dust concentration that enters atmosphere, have good dedusting in stove effect;

5, can effectively avoid boiler to produce obvious black smoke when slag is adjusted combustion conditions and flying dust pollutes poking fire to disclose, under variable working condition, still can guarantee good smoke medicining dust-removing effect, guarantee that boiler uses in the high area of environmental requirement condition, significant to the protection environment;

6, adiabatic combustion-supporting upper grate has effectively improved the coal seam burning condition that catches fire, and coal adaptability is better, and convenient maintenance and replacement, does not influence strength of pressure parts of boiler, can guarantee that boiler is lasting, safety, operation economically.

Claims (6)

1, combustion-supporting upper grate of a kind of thermal insulation and flue gas secondary circulation boiler, comprise shell (31), flue (30), adiabatic combustion-supporting upper grate, lower floor's casting furnace grate (22), water leg (32), carbonated drink chamber (37), the preheating combustion chamber (9) that catches fire, hybrid combustor (18), burning chamber (26), furnace bottom ash grit chamber (21), smoke circulation chamber, flue top (34), the outside smoke box volute chamber (5) of shell, chimney inlet seat (38), it is characterized in that the special pipe (14) that adiabatic combustion-supporting upper grate can be made by special-shaped heat-resisting cast iron pipe or other heating resisting metal material, wedge flute profile refractory brick (15), spline shape refractory brick (11) combines, special-shaped heat-resisting cast iron tube cavity back-end closure, front end leads to conduit mouth, be drilled with eyelet (39) at interval at the bottom of the abdomen of special-shaped heat-resisting cast iron pipe, have the eyelet (40) that leads to hybrid combustor (18) at the bottom interval of wedge flute profile refractory brick (15), wedge flute profile refractory brick (15) is by supporting plate (16) supporting that is welded on the inboard wall of furnace face.

2, boiler according to claim 1, it is characterized in that special-shaped heat-resisting cast iron pipe (14) is pushed by conduit (12) mouth, enter furnace chamber along wedge flute profile refractory brick (15) inner chamber, the support location is inserted by the support plate (29) that is welded on the inboard wall of furnace face in its rear end, its front end supports the location by conduit (12) internal face, spline shape refractory brick (11) is contained in the last actinal surface of wedge flute profile refractory brick (15), both faying face places adopt the refractory concrete sealing, and special-shaped heat-resisting cast iron pipe (14) closely is wrapped in inside, it is whole that the three constitutes a carrying jointly.

3, boiler according to claim 1 is characterized in that conduit (12) front end is equipped with damper (13), preheating catch fire combustion chamber (9) end face with smoke baffle plate (7) separately with smoke circulation chamber, flue top (34).

4, boiler according to claim 1, it is characterized in that smoke circulation chamber, flue top (34), along inboard wall of furnace circumference radial equipartition the vertical curved water pipe (36) of single head of putting stagger arrangement of two rows is arranged, the lower end of curved water pipe (36) is passed furnace wall (30) and is communicated with water leg (32), its upper end is passed furnace gall head wall (35) and is communicated with carbonated drink chamber (37), with burning chamber (26) smoke outlet tube (33) symmetry direction sidewall on be provided with and pass the flue gas delivery line (6) that water leg (32) is communicated with the outside smoke box volute chamber of shell (5), before the two ends of flue gas delivery line (6), leave the neutral gear of using for deashing.

5, boiler according to claim 1, it is characterized in that in burning chamber (26), being furnished with a draining circulation syrinx (27), shell wall (31) is passed in the lower end of water circulation syrinx (27), be communicated with water leg (32), its epimere extends to the afterbody of smoke box (5), the termination is passed shell wall (31) and is communicated with carbonated drink chamber (37), offers to pass the smoke outlet tube (33) that water leg (32) is communicated with smoke circulation chamber, flue top (34) on the upper end of burning chamber (26) shell wall (31).

6, according to claim 1,2,3,4,5 described boilers, it is characterized in that in the outside smoke box volute chamber (5) of shell, radial equipartition along shell (31) outside wall surface regional area has the vertical curved water pipe (4) of ear type of putting stagger arrangement of two rows, the ear type is bent the lower end of water pipe (4) and is passed shell wall (31) connection water leg (32), the upper end is passed shell wall (31) and is communicated with carbonated drink chamber (37), derives at smoke box top cover and flue gas chimney inlet (38) is set on the symmetrical direction of the mouth of pipe (6).

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