CN2293901Y - Ring shape intelligent antenna array for radio communication system - Google Patents
Ring shape intelligent antenna array for radio communication system Download PDFInfo
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- CN2293901Y CN2293901Y CN 97202038 CN97202038U CN2293901Y CN 2293901 Y CN2293901 Y CN 2293901Y CN 97202038 CN97202038 CN 97202038 CN 97202038 U CN97202038 U CN 97202038U CN 2293901 Y CN2293901 Y CN 2293901Y
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Abstract
The utility model relates to an annular intelligent antenna array, which is used for the base station equipment of wireless communication systems below 4 GHZ. The utility model has a practical radio-frequency structure, and is formed by that N (N >2) identical antenna elements arranged on a supporting surface with annular clearance. When the antenna elements are right cylinders, the supporting surface is a plane surface, and the right cylinders are erected with an annular shape, and are distributed on the plane surface at intervals to form an annular dipole array; when the antenna element are microstrips, the supporting plane is a stereo annular surface, and the microstrips are longitudinally stuck to the stereo annular surface in parallel to form an annular microstrip antenna array. The distance L between the centers of the antenna element can not exceed the half of the highest-frequency electromagnetic wave length of a working band.
Description
The utility model relates to a kind of antenna array, relates to a kind of ring-shaped intelligent antenna array or rather.
Since the nineties, in the wireless communication field of the following communications band of 4GHZ, the research and development intelligent antenna technology is an important process that improves the wireless access system performance.The basic conception of smart antenna is in radio communication base station that comprises cell mobile communication systems, trunked communication system, wireless user loop system and other wireless access systems or main website equipment, use many cover radio receiving-transmitting units and many antennas, by in baseband circuit, use the modern digital information processing technology, use certain algorithm that spatial spectrum is analyzed, so that the signal of each transmitting-receiving branch road is handled, reach the purpose that makes this base station or main website antenna beam figuration.This antenna beam figuration is concerning frequency division multiple access (FDMA) system, and its target is to provide a wave beam for each carrier frequency simultaneously; Concerning time division multiple access (TDMA) system, its target is to provide a wave beam for each time slot; Concerning code division multiple access (CDMA) system, then be to provide a wave beam for each code channel simultaneously.The effect of wave beam forming comprises concentrated energy, reaches farther transmission range; Eliminate or the minimizing interference, improve signal interference ratio (Eb/Io) and power system capacity, and optimum efficiency then is to take into account the latter when concentrating energy.
Up to now, according to the knowledge of the applicant, only there is the applicant to propose a kind of technology that makes smart antenna reach practicability (referring to the applicant's patent of invention: " code division multi-address radio communication system "), thereby also do not have other people to propose radio-frequency structure for wireless communication system realization smart antenna with smart antenna.
The purpose of this utility model provides a kind of radio-frequency structure of ring-shaped intelligent antenna array of annular the intelligent radio battle array, particularly a kind of practicability that is used for wireless communication system.
The ring-shaped intelligent antenna array that is used for wireless communication system of the present utility model is characterized in that:
Described ring-shaped intelligent antenna array be by identical antenna element more than two circularize uniformly-spaced or unequal interval be arranged on the supporting surface and constitute.
Described antenna element is a right cylinder, and described supporting surface is a plane, and described right cylinder is upright circlewise and be distributed on this plane looping element antenna battle array.
Described antenna element is little band, and described supporting surface is a three-dimensional ring face, and described little band parallel longitudinal posts on this three-dimensional ring face, the looping microstrip antenna array.
Described antenna element spacing L is less than or equal to the electromagnetic wavelength λ of 1/2 working band highest frequency.
Described annular array comprises circle, oblateness, rule or irregular polygon.
Radio-frequency structure below in conjunction with two class smart antennas further specifies technology of the present utility model.
Fig. 1. ring type vibrator antenna array perspective view
Fig. 2. ring type vibrator antenna array plan structure schematic diagram
Fig. 3. ring type vibrator antenna array antenna element elevation direction radiating pattern
Fig. 4. ring type vibrator antenna array antenna element azimuth direction radiating pattern
Fig. 5. the radiating pattern when the ring type vibrator antenna array is used for smart antenna
Fig. 6. circuited microstrip loop antenna battle array perspective view
Fig. 7. circuited microstrip loop antenna battle array radio frequency cable holder structure schematic diagram
Fig. 8. circuited microstrip loop antenna array antenna unit elevation direction radiating pattern
Fig. 9. circuited microstrip loop antenna array antenna unit azimuth direction radiating pattern
Figure 10. three sector circuited microstrip loop antenna battle arrays are used for the radiating pattern of smart antenna
When CDAA circularly disposed antenna array of the present utility model is applied to realize smart antenna in the wireless communication system, should have the characteristic of following eight aspect:
1. polarization, horizontal or vertical polarization, identical with the polarization of antenna element;
2. significant change does not take place because form ring array in impedance, the impedance of each antenna element, promptly between antenna element the influence of mutual coupling can ignore (＜-20dB);
3. receiving gain, when maximum power was synthetic, the maximum gain of this antenna array can reach Gmax=GY+10logNdB, and Gmax is the maximum possible gain in the formula, and GY is the antenna element gain, and N is a number of antenna elements;
4. transmitting gain equates in the transmitting power of each antenna, that with maximum power when synthetic the emission maximum gain can reach Gmax=GY+20logNdB (the power sum that comprises each antenna element feed).
5. elevation direction figure, in the elevation bearing, the radiating pattern of CDAA circularly disposed antenna array is identical with each antenna element;
6. the azimuth direction figure by base band control, can produce a plurality of wave beams simultaneously, and to the ring type vibrator battle array, these a plurality of wave beams can point in 360 degree azimuths, and to the circuited microstrip loop battle array, for reaching optimum efficiency, this multi-beam preferably is limited in the designed sector;
7. isolate zero point, disturb for eliminating, can be set zero point in the interference source direction when wave beam forming, in the real system, the level of locating this zero point should be little more a lot of than maximum power direction, to reach design object;
8. working frequency range, this CDAA circularly disposed antenna array can work in 100MHZ to 4GHZ frequency range
Referring to Fig. 1 to Fig. 5, looping element antenna array antenna unit 11 be the individual identical right cylinder of N (N＞2), looping element antenna battle array supporting surface 12 be a circular flat, each antenna element 11 equidistant intervals is arranged and is formed circular array, the center distance L of each antenna element 11≤λ/2 (λ is a working band highest frequency electromagnetic wavelength) are in order to avoid produce grating lobe.
Such ring type vibrator antenna array is an isotropism at supporting surface (azimuth direction), promptly symmetrical fully, can synthesize required radiation direction figure, as shown in Figure 5 by resulting electromagnetic wave phase place of each antenna element and amplitude.10 is the ring type vibrator antenna array among the figure, and the isotropic radiation figure when broken circle 13 is the homophase feed, figure 14 are the radiating pattern example behind the intelligent antenna beam shaping.
Be Unit eight annular element antenna battle arrays shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2,, become positive circular arrangement by eight antenna elements (oscillator) 11.During enforcement, the gain of the oscillator of each antenna element is 8dB, and input impedance is 50 Europe, works in 1.8～2GHZ frequency, and center distance L is 75mm.The 3dB width of its elevation direction figure is 20 degree slightly, under the smart antenna condition of work, in azimuth direction 360 degree, can synthesize various required directional diagrams.When maximum power was synthetic, the maximum gain of this antenna array can reach 17dB (to receiving) and 26dB (to emission).Considering that elimination interference, setting are during zero point, at the comparable greatest irradiation direction of the radiation level of 0:00 direction low (isolation) 40dB.
Referring to Fig. 6 to Figure 10, by the individual identical microstrip antenna unit 21 of N (N＞2) equidistant annular-ring microstrip antenna battle array that rearranges on a cylindrical appearance supporting surface 22.Cylindrical appearance supporting surface adopts dielectric material, and 23 are metallic reflection face among the figure, and the center distance of each antenna element 21 is L, same L≤λ/2, and promptly L can not surpass half (Fig. 6) of working band highest frequency electromagnetic wavelength.With the difference of aforementioned ring type vibrator antenna array be each antenna element can only be outside cylinder direction emission or receive electromagnetic wave from outer direction, so himself have certain directivity.Though will obtain isotropic direction figure when all antenna element cophase detectors, when this antenna array works in the center (during single sector) of a sub-district, this directivity will cause smart antenna efficient to reduce making it be not so good as the element antenna battle array.On the other hand, this annular-ring microstrip antenna battle array has the advantage of high-gain, is particularly suitable for this antenna location is divided into the situation of a plurality of sectors.Annular-ring microstrip antenna unit can be designed to perpendicular polarization, also can be designed to horizontal polarization, and its input impedance should be mated with feed system, and the maximum gain G Y that points to can decide by designing requirement between 3 to 20dB.
The connection of each antenna element 21 shown in Fig. 7 reaches the annexation with radio frequency cable seat 26.Antenna element 21 is M micro-strip oscillator 25 (M=2 that vertically arrange
n, n 〉=1).As adopt 24 microstrip antenna units, being arranged in a diameter equably is outside the metallic cylinder of 570mm.24 microstrip antenna units can be divided into three groups, every group of eight unit (annexation of an antenna element shown in the figure).The gain of every microstrip antenna unit is 12dB in the example, and input impedance is 50 ohm, works in 1.8 to 2GHZ frequency bands.
It is the sector of three 120 degree that three sector ring microstrip battle arrays 30 shown in Figure 10 are divided into, during cophase detector, every sector produces a basic direction figure with gain in this 120 degree azimuth respectively, dashed graph 31 is the radiating pattern of every sector under the homophase feed among the figure, every sector radiating pattern when figure 32 is intelligent antenna beam shaping.At elevation direction, the antenna pattern width between half-power points is 20 degree slightly, and under the smart antenna condition of work, three sectors work alone, and can synthesize various required radiation beam in each sector.When maximum power was synthetic, the maximum gain of this antenna array can reach 21dB (to receiving) and 30dB (to emission).When eliminate disturbing, can reach 20dB in the isolation of 0:00 direction.
When the embodiment radio-frequency structure of two kinds of CDAA circularly disposed antenna arrays of the present utility model is applied to antenna system, do not change the radiation characteristic of antenna array at elevation direction, but at azimuth direction, for each channel (carrier frequency, time slot or code channel) produces a wave beam, and the terminal equipment that allows this beam position communicate by letter with it.
The detailed characteristics and the requirement of the concrete working frequency range of the utility model ring-shaped intelligent antenna array, number of antenna elements, antenna element should change according to the requirement of concrete system even concrete engineering.In addition, the distribution of each antenna only need be satisfied annular in the CDAA circularly disposed antenna array, can be circle, polygon, oblateness or other regular or irregular shapes, and each antenna element needs only spaced apart and L≤λ/2, can be equidistantly or the unequal-interval distribution.
Claims (5)
1. ring-shaped intelligent antenna array that is used for wireless communication system is characterized in that: described ring-shaped intelligent antenna array be by identical antenna element more than two circularize uniformly-spaced or unequal interval be arranged on the supporting surface and constitute.
2. the ring-shaped intelligent antenna array that is used for wireless communication system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described antenna element is a right cylinder, described supporting surface is a plane, and described right cylinder is upright circlewise and be distributed on this plane looping element antenna battle array.
3. the ring-shaped intelligent antenna array that is used for wireless communication system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described antenna element is little band, described supporting surface is a three-dimensional ring face, and described little band parallel longitudinal posts on this three-dimensional ring face, the looping microstrip antenna array.
4. the ring-shaped intelligent antenna array that is used for wireless communication system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described antenna element spacing L is less than or equal to the electromagnetic wavelength λ of 1/2 working band highest frequency.
5. the ring-shaped intelligent antenna array that is used for wireless communication system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described annular array comprises circle, oblateness, rule or irregular polygon.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 97202038 CN2293901Y (en) | 1997-03-13 | 1997-03-13 | Ring shape intelligent antenna array for radio communication system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 97202038 CN2293901Y (en) | 1997-03-13 | 1997-03-13 | Ring shape intelligent antenna array for radio communication system |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN2293901Y true CN2293901Y (en) | 1998-10-07 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 97202038 Expired - Lifetime CN2293901Y (en) | 1997-03-13 | 1997-03-13 | Ring shape intelligent antenna array for radio communication system |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN2293901Y (en) |
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2001073894A1 (en) * | 2000-03-27 | 2001-10-04 | China Academy Of Telecommunications Technology,Mii | A method for improving intelligent antenna array coverage |
| CN1107358C (en) * | 2000-02-24 | 2003-04-30 | 信息产业部电信科学技术研究院 | Distributed intelligent antenna system |
| CN100459288C (en) * | 2005-03-29 | 2009-02-04 | 京信通信系统（广州）有限公司 | Lightning protection ring-shaped intelligent antenna array and method of manufacture |
| CN101047282B (en) * | 2007-04-24 | 2011-11-30 | 李晓明 | Compact TD-SCDMA linear array fan section intelligent antenna |
| CN101587987B (en) * | 2009-06-26 | 2012-07-04 | 上海大学 | Balun-free low-section plane two-arm groove helical array antenna |
| CN107863996A (en) * | 2017-11-27 | 2018-03-30 | 广东通宇通讯股份有限公司 | Omni-directional array antenna and its beam form-endowing method |
| CN108172982A (en) * | 2018-01-02 | 2018-06-15 | 联想(北京)有限公司 | A kind of aerial signal arrangement method and equipment |
| CN109802226A (en) * | 2019-01-30 | 2019-05-24 | 成都信息工程大学 | A kind of broadband circular polarization microstrip antenna |
| WO2019100376A1 (en) * | 2017-11-27 | 2019-05-31 | 广东通宇通讯股份有限公司 | Omnidirectional array antenna and beamforming method therefor |
-
1997
- 1997-03-13 CN CN 97202038 patent/CN2293901Y/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1107358C (en) * | 2000-02-24 | 2003-04-30 | 信息产业部电信科学技术研究院 | Distributed intelligent antenna system |
| WO2001073894A1 (en) * | 2000-03-27 | 2001-10-04 | China Academy Of Telecommunications Technology,Mii | A method for improving intelligent antenna array coverage |
| CN100459288C (en) * | 2005-03-29 | 2009-02-04 | 京信通信系统（广州）有限公司 | Lightning protection ring-shaped intelligent antenna array and method of manufacture |
| CN101047282B (en) * | 2007-04-24 | 2011-11-30 | 李晓明 | Compact TD-SCDMA linear array fan section intelligent antenna |
| CN101587987B (en) * | 2009-06-26 | 2012-07-04 | 上海大学 | Balun-free low-section plane two-arm groove helical array antenna |
| CN107863996A (en) * | 2017-11-27 | 2018-03-30 | 广东通宇通讯股份有限公司 | Omni-directional array antenna and its beam form-endowing method |
| WO2019100376A1 (en) * | 2017-11-27 | 2019-05-31 | 广东通宇通讯股份有限公司 | Omnidirectional array antenna and beamforming method therefor |
| CN107863996B (en) * | 2017-11-27 | 2020-10-16 | 广东通宇通讯股份有限公司 | Omnidirectional array antenna and beam forming method thereof |
| CN108172982A (en) * | 2018-01-02 | 2018-06-15 | 联想(北京)有限公司 | A kind of aerial signal arrangement method and equipment |
| CN109802226A (en) * | 2019-01-30 | 2019-05-24 | 成都信息工程大学 | A kind of broadband circular polarization microstrip antenna |
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| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C17 | Cessation of patent right | ||
| CX01 | Expiry of patent term |