CN2292978Y

CN2292978Y - Incinerating device by thermal decomposition to burn out gas

Info

Publication number: CN2292978Y
Application number: CN 96241624
Authority: CN
Inventors: 姜英旭
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1996-11-05
Filing date: 1996-11-05
Publication date: 1998-09-30
Anticipated expiration: 2006-11-05

Abstract

The utility model relates to an incinerating device which burns out gas by thermal decomposition. The utility model is characterized in that the inner side of an integral furnace hearth is provided with a two-time burning chamber, and in a one-time burning chamber, the area of a jet opening for supplying the air occupies about 50 percent of the area of the air jet opening. In the two-time burning chamber, the area of the jet opening for supplying the air occupies about 50 percent of the area of the air jet opening. The middle of furnace hearth is provided with an injector for supplying high temperature steam, and the inner side of the furnace body is provided with a curved flue. The utility model has the advantages of simple method and device structure and low cost, can effectively prevent atmospheric pollution and can widely burn various fuels and wastes.

Description

Incinerating apparatus with thermal decomposition after-flame coal gas

The utility model relates to a kind of incinerating apparatus.

The incinerating apparatus of existing burning coal, domestic refuse and industrial waste, generally be in that primary combustion is set is outdoor, secondary combustion chamber is set in addition again, a large-scale combustion chamber perhaps is set, be divided into former and later two combustion zones again, form primary zone and secondary combustion chamber.It installs complicated, and burning process is very loaded down with trivial details, and heat energy utilization is insufficient, does not reach the purpose of completing combustion, and flue dust, carbon monoxide, sulfurous acid coal gas, hydrocarbon and nitrogen oxides pollution material etc. can not be removed fully in the coal gas that discharges.Existing in addition burner because being provided with of fire grate is unreasonable, therefore often stops up, and influences combustion efficiency, and logical with hook always, the waste material that the plastics that especially burn etc. are easy to melt is all the more so.

At the problems referred to above, the purpose of this utility model provides and a kind ofly can make discarded object completing combustion, and remove flue dust etc. effectively with cheaper price, and can reduce nitrogen oxide to greatest extent, oxysulfides etc. reach air conservation and make full use of the incinerating apparatus with thermal decomposition after-flame coal gas of the after-flame coal gas of heat energy.

For achieving the above object, the utility model is taked following design: a kind of incinerating apparatus with thermal decomposition after-flame coal gas, it comprises air blast, body of heater, burner hearth, fire grate, flue, flue gas discharge opening, warm water tube, supply flume and be arranged on described body of heater and described burner hearth between insulation material, it is characterized in that:

Described lower furnace portion is the primary zone, top is secondary combustion chamber, described primary combustion is indoor to be provided with a primary air supply chamber with annulated column shape of jet, an air supply pipe with jet that is communicated with described primary air supply chamber is set below described every fire grate, the jet on the described primary air supply chamber that is provided with below the described fire grate and the area of the jet on the air supply pipe account for 12% of the whole burning required air jet gross area, and the area of the jet on the described primary air supply chamber more than the described fire grate accounts for 37% of the whole burning required air jet gross area;

Top, described primary zone is provided with high-temperature vapour and supplies with injector, and it is communicated with the high-temperature vapour chamber that is arranged on described body of heater middle part, at described warm water tube top the steam separator is set, and it is communicated with described high-temperature vapour chamber by pipeline;

Described second-time burning is indoor to be provided with the hood-shaped auxiliary air supply chamber that an inner peripheral surface has jet, this indoor top has an auxiliary air complementary supply injector with jet, the secondary mixing air supply chamber with jet of a protrusion is set between described primary zone and secondary combustion chamber, jet on the described auxiliary air supply chamber, jet on the described secondary mixing air chamber, the area of the jet on the described auxiliary air complementary supply injector, respectively account for 16% of the whole burning required air jet gross area, between described burner hearth and described auxiliary air supply chamber, crooked exhaust gases passes is set between described auxiliary air supply chamber and the described warm water tube.

In order to prevent clogging, make burning more abundant, the cross sectional shape of described every fire grate is designed to straw hat shape.

The utility model is owing to take above-mentioned design, it has the following advantages: 1, the utility model is because by controlling the method for air quantity delivered, in a burner hearth, realize twice combustion, make the secondary combustion chamber that is arranged on above the burner hearth make full use of the heat that the primary zone below the burner hearth produces, the unburned gas that makes incandescent state fully carries out thermal decomposition and burning in that second-time burning is indoor, not only make the more complete of pernicious gas such as coal gas burning, and make device structure simple, cost is low.2, the utility model is supplied with injector owing to be provided with a circle high-temperature vapour on top, primary zone, in burner hearth, spray high-temperature vapour, make heated carbon play water gas reaction, reach the incandescent state of burning, help carbon to burn better, smoke particle in the Electrostatic Absorption flue gas of steam surface generation strengthens its gravity simultaneously, thereby stops the rising of flue dust in the flue gas.3, the utility model is owing to be designed to secondary combustion chamber hood-shaped, and between warm water tube and auxiliary air supply chamber, reach and design crooked exhaust gases passes between auxiliary air supply chamber and the burner hearth, after making imperfect combustion flue dust through catadioptric abundant burning several times, discharge flue gas discharge opening again, thereby greatly reduced the polluter of discharging.4, the utility model is owing to be designed to straw hat shape with fire grate, and below every straw hat shape fire grate, an air supply pipe that is communicated with the primary air supply chamber is set, when the comburant that drops into from the burning input port when fire grate burns, spray to the top along the fire grate both sides from the air of air supply pipe ejection, therefore comburant can not form between fire grate as prior art and harden, but flows to grey slag outlet along the inclined-plane of straw hat shape fire grate easily in the afterburnt.The utility model is simple in structure, and cost is low, can be effectively fully after-flame coal gas and other pernicious gas, and filtering smoke effectively, air conservation, its can extensively burn various fuel and discarded object.

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing embodiment of the present utility model is described in detail.

Fig. 1 is the utility model structural representation

Fig. 2 is the air supply pipe structural representation below the A-A section fire grate of the present utility model

Fig. 3 is fire grate and air supply pipe structure enlarged diagram

Fig. 4 is that B-B section high-temperature vapour of the present utility model is supplied with the emitter construction schematic diagram

Fig. 5 is a C-C section secondary combustion chamber structural representation of the present utility model

As shown in Figure 1, the burner hearth 26 in the body of heater 1 is one, and its underpart forms a primary zone 23, and a secondary combustion chamber 24 is formed at top.One of prominent features of the present utility model is exactly to realize two burnings in a burner hearth 26.23 outsides, primary zone are surrounded by insulation material 22, are primary air supply chamber 4 in the insulation material 22, have jet 16 on the locular wall of primary air supply chamber 4, by air blast 2 to primary air supply chamber 4 air feed.The middle and lower part of primary air supply chamber 4 is provided with fire grate 12 (as Fig. 1, Fig. 2, shown in Figure 3), fire grate 12 cross sections be shaped as straw hat shape.Below every straw hat shape fire grate 12, be an air supply pipe 13 that is communicated with primary air supply chamber 4, have jet 13 ' on the air supply pipe 13.The comburant that drops into from burning input port 5 is when fire grate 12 burns, owing to spray to the top along fire grate 12 both sides from the air of jet 13 ' ejection, therefore comburant can not form between fire grate 12 as prior art and harden, but flows to grey slag outlet 3 along the inclined-plane of straw hat shape fire grate 12 easily in the afterburnt.The air that is ejected by the air jet 16,13 ' of fire grate below 12 accounts for 12% of whole burning required air, and the air that is ejected by the jet 16 ' of fire grate more than 12 accounts for 37% of whole burning required air.Because the burning required air all is to have air blast 2 to provide, so the projected area that the air quantity delivered only need be controlled all jets gets final product.Area such as jet 16 on the primary air supply chamber 4 of fire grate below 12 and the jet 13 ' on the air supply pipe 13 accounts for 12% of the whole burning required air jet gross area, and the area of the jet 16 ' on the primary air supply chamber 4 of fire grate more than 12 accounts for 37% of the whole burning required air jet gross area.The cross sectional shape of above-mentioned grate 12 also can be taked circle or other shape, but takes straw hat shape better.

As shown in Figure 1, above primary zone 23 secondary combustion chamber 24, secondary combustion chamber 24 outer peripheral faces are surrounded by one deck warm water tube 9, and warm water tube 9 is by supply flume 21 supplementing water.A steam separator 19 is set at the top of warm water tube 9, the high-temperature vapour chamber 7 that it is provided with by 23 tops, pipeline connection primary zone, the inwall of high-temperature vapour chamber 7 is provided with a circle high-temperature vapour and supplies with injector 14 (as Fig. 1, shown in Figure 4).The high-temperature vapour that sprays in burned flame makes moisture solve hydrogen on the one hand, produces hydrogen coal gas, makes burning the white heat situation occur, and on the other hand, the smoke particle in the Electrostatic Absorption flue gas of generation strengthens its gravity, is convenient to fall downwards.As shown in Figure 1, warm water tube 9 is provided with a hood-like auxiliary air supply chamber 8 inward, and auxiliary air supply chamber 8 also passes through pipeline air feed (shown in dotted line among Fig. 1 and arrow) by air blast 2, and the gas of going out from auxiliary air supply chamber 8 is heated.Tool jet 18 on the locular wall of auxiliary air supply chamber 8 inner peripheral surfaces, be communicated with in the central authorities of secondary combustion chamber 24, with auxiliary air supply chamber 8 inner tops an auxiliary air complementary supply injector 15 (as Fig. 1, shown in Figure 5) is set, have jet on the injector 15.As shown in Figure 1, between primary zone 23 and secondary combustion chamber 24, be provided with one to projecting inward auxiliary air mixing chamber 10, burner hearth 26 is separated into two

combustion chambers

23,24, and the inwall of auxiliary air mixing chamber 10 circumferentially has some secondary mixing airs and supplies with jet 17.Auxiliary air mixing chamber 10 is communicated with auxiliary air supply chamber 8 by pipeline, is gas baffles 11 of making of refractory material in the above and below of auxiliary air mixing chamber 10.Between warm water tube 9 and auxiliary air supply chamber 8, and be exhaust gases passes 25 between auxiliary air supply chamber 8 and the burner hearth 26, the exhaust gases passes design of this bending, make imperfect combustion flue dust after catadioptric abundant burning several times, discharge flue gas discharge opening 20 again, thereby greatly reduced the discharge of unburned flue dust.

In the time of operation, to desire comburant drops into by comburant input port 5, it drops on fire grate 12, produce superfluous for fear of the air that enters in the body of heater 1, air supply pipe 13 below fire grate 12 and the jet of primary air supply chamber 4 hypomeres 16 are supplied with 12% of the required air capacity of whole comburants, jet 16 ' by primary air supply chamber 4 epimeres is supplied with 37% of the essential air capacity of whole comburants, add up to supply with about 50% air of the essential air capacity of whole comburants, help the comburant burning.At this moment the annular warm water tube 9 interior water that are arranged on body of heater 1 upper periphery face are heated, the steam that produces, arrive high-temperature vapour preheating chamber 7 through steam separator 19, and spray high-temperature vapours by high-temperature vapour injector 14 and spray to the flame that is burning, make unburned material reach white-hot fired state.When combustible substance entered secondary combustion chamber 24, the hot-air that adds in the auxiliary air supply chamber 8 passed through secondary mixing air supply chamber 10, and ejection from jet 17 is mixed in the comburant of incandescent state burning.By the auxiliary air complementary supply injector 15 of secondary combustion chamber 24 central authorities installation and the jet 18 of auxiliary air supply chamber, the supply high temperature air carries out oxidation and gets angry in stove for the second time then.After coal gas ignition itself and the completing combustion, walk around crooked exhaust gases passes 25, discharge by smoke discharge tube 20.24 li of secondary combustion chambers, each air of supplying with of the jet 17 of auxiliary air supply chamber 8 jets 18 and secondary mixing air supply chamber 10 and auxiliary air complementary supply injector 15 3 places respectively accounts for the about 16% of burning required air, adds up to about 50% the air of supplying with the essential air capacity of whole comburants.By producing water gas reaction, make carbide carry out second-time burning, reach rapid thermal decomposition, reach maximum efficiency of combustion, fundamentally suppress to incinerate emitting of atmosphere pollution material.The observation port 6 of secondary combustion chamber 24 import departments is to be used to observe combustion position in the burner hearth 26.

In the thermal decomposition and combustion reaction, Actual combustion air quantity delivered reduces than theoretical air quantity delivered, can reduce So in this device ₂And So ₃Conversion ratio, so can suppress So ₃Generation, can also reduce excess air, so can reduce the discharge of nitrogen oxide, and make combustion flame reach white-hot, thereby increase radiant heat.In addition, can not adhere to carbon remnants in the burner, so thermal decomposition efficient and thermal conversion efficiency more improve, under the effect of several usefulness, the efficiency of combustion of whole device improves like this, and the heat energy utilization rate improves, air conservation.

The main component cigarette of flue dust and fine particles such as jet-black, carbon and hydrocarbon, the burning that reacts completely of use coal gas suppresses and eliminates the generation of flue dust, and the carbon after a small amount of heating steam that drop into the flame inside and outside and the high temperature heating plays water gas reaction, promote the burning of carbon, suppress the generation of dust.By above-mentioned water gas reaction and relevant reaction, promote the completing combustion of carbon monoxide, be varied to carbon dioxide, reduce the generation of carbon monoxide coal gas.On the other hand, the calcium powder that is comprised in particulate moisture content and the flammable carbon dust, in the combustion flame inside and outside, the catalyst reaction by carbon, oxygen etc. becomes calcium oxide, and sorption sulfurous acid coal gas becomes the anhydrous salt calcium sulfide, reduces the discharge of coal gas in a large number.

Though the utility model reduces excess air than burning cremation facilities in the past, supply with the suitable distribution supply of low high temperature air and the mixing of high-temperature vapour, use thermal decomposition and combustion coal gas, not only can promote completing combustion, reduce the generation of nitrogen oxide to greatest extent, and can be the desirable incinerating apparatus that smokeless and odorless ground is handled preventing the discharge of flue dust with flue gas.

Claims

1, a kind of incinerating apparatus with thermal decomposition after-flame coal gas, it comprises air blast, body of heater, burner hearth, fire grate, flue, flue gas discharge opening, the warm water tube, supply flume and be arranged on described body of heater and described burner hearth between insulation material, it is characterized in that:

2, the incinerating apparatus with thermal decomposition after-flame coal gas as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the cross sectional shape of described every fire grate is a straw hat shape.