CN2285535Y - Electric wheel-driving device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a driving device for vehicles. The electric wheel-driving device of the utility model chiefly comprises a step reluctance motor 10, a hub 5, and a speed governing and power transformer 11. The hub 5 is connected with the rotor 7 of the reluctance motor, and the hub 5 is fixed on an axle 1 via a bearing 9. The hub 5 is connected with wheels via a spoke 6. The stator 4 of the reluctance motor is fixed on the axle 1, and phase coils are circled on the stator 4. The speed governing and power transformer 11 is formed by the connection of a circular distributor F and a power switch pipe S. The phase coils are the load of the power switch pipe. The rotor is formed by the overlying of the magnetic conductive material laminations. The utility model is suitable for bicycles, motorcycles, automobiles, fork lifts, etc.

Description

The Electric Motor Wheel drive unit

The utility model relates to a kind of vehicular propulsion.

Present disclosed various vehicular propulsions, as 90109938.4 " pulse current booster of electric bicycle devices ", " 88219183.7 coaxial-type electric assisted bicycle ", 9228466.5 " electric wheel driver " 94212417.0 " centrifugal pool shape Electric Motor Wheel driver ", waiting its power section all is to adopt direct current machine, because this motor rated speed is higher, generally all more than per minute 3000 changes, therefore all must reduce to the rotating speed (per minute 150-180 commentaries on classics) that bicycle is allowed to motor speed with gear reduction unit.Owing to adopted gear reduction unit, all must adopt clutch to carry out the separation of running part, to reduce the resistance of bicycle when foot-operated, this just needs to increase decelerator and two mechanical parts of clutch, corresponding machine components, processing cost, assembling maintenance capacity and the failure rate of machinery of having increased.In addition, above-mentioned patent all must be used brush, thereby the life-span is short, this is the greatest weakness of this motor, and this motor starting or during stall its back-emf be zero, so make motor working current increase (can increase to rated current 5-7 times) suddenly, so damage controller or motor easily.

The purpose of this utility model aims to provide a kind of without gear reduction unit, clutch and brush, and the high and low rotating speed moment of torsion is constant, the Electric Motor Wheel drive unit of adjustable speed.

Electric Motor Wheel drive unit described in the utility model mainly is made up of stepping reluctance motor, wheel hub, speed governing and power inverter, wheel hub rotor direct and reluctance motor links, and by bearing fixing on axletree, wheel hub connects with wheel by spoke, the stator of reluctance motor is fixed on the axletree, be wound with phase coil on the stator, speed governing and power inverter are formed by ring distributor and power switch pipe connection, and above-mentioned phase coil is the load of power switch pipe.Rotor system is overrided to form by the permeability magnetic material lamination.

Device described in the utility model can be by the FREQUENCY CONTROL vehicle wheel rotational speed of pulse signal, and the frequency of pulse signal can be transferred very lowly, so can save gear reduction unit, this device is not powered to rotor by brush, can improve the life-span of motor greatly; This apparatus structure is simple, volume is little, have strong stopping power, and the rated output power height is applicable to bicycle, motorcycle, automobile, fork truck etc.

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the utility model is further described.

Fig. 1 is the utility model structure chart.

Fig. 2 is a radial magnetic field reluctance motor Electric Motor Wheel structure chart.

Fig. 3 is four phase stepping reluctance motor structure principle charts.

Accompanying drawings operation principle of the present utility model at first: shown in Figure 3 is that stator is 8 utmost points, rotor is 4 phase stepping reluctance motor structure principle charts of 6 utmost points, it is a kind of double salient-pole electric machine, and rotor is overrided to form by the good lamination of magnetic property, has not both had winding and has not also had permanent magnet.Each is wound with concentrated winding on extremely stator, and radially the windings in series of antipode constitutes a phase.Its operation principle is, magnetic flux always will be along the path closure of magnetic resistance minimum, produce turning moment by the magnetic field distortion, detailed process is as follows: when A phase winding control switch S is closed, A phase energization excitation, the magnetic flux that is produced tries hard to make rotor pole axis aa ' and stator poles axis AA ' to coincide, thereby generation torque, order is given A, B, C, the energising of D phase winding, then rotor is just by counterclockwise rotating continuously, around this principle, Fig. 3 is become concrete radial magnetic field reluctance motor Electric Motor Wheel structure to be shown in Figure 2, also can become axial magnetic field to radial magnetic field, its operation principle also is the same, can constitute axial magnetic field reluctance motor Electric Motor Wheel driver thus as shown in Figure 1.

Accompanying drawing 1,2 can be as embodiment of the present utility model.

The utility model is made up of stepping reluctance motor 10, wheel hub 5, speed governing and power inverter 11, the stator 4 of stepping reluctance motor is fixed on the rear axle 1 of bicycle, the rotor 7 of motor directly and wheel hub 5 link, and be fixed on again by bearing 9 on the rear axle 1 of bicycle, wheel hub 5 connects with wheel by spoke 6, when 3 orders of the coil on the motor stator 4 are switched on, make rotor rotation (seeing above-mentioned reluctance motor operation principle) by rotor magnetic pole 7, because rotor 7 directly connects with wheel hub, so wheel hub 5 drives the wheel rotation by spoke 6.Be fixed on small flywheel 8 on wheel hub 5 right-hand members this moment, because of freewheel clutch being housed inside, just idle running can not drive dress foot-operated driving chain thereon and moves, and pedal can not rotate yet.By the frequency of speed governing and power inverter, control wave, the speed that may command motor stator phase coil is switched in proper order is with regard to the speed of may command rotor, wheel hub, vehicle wheel rotational speed.In the time will braking, original hand brake of the available bicycle of one side, can continue on the other hand to the power supply of motor phase coil, but not give pulse signal, make the output of ring distributor F not produce transfer, promptly only fixing to certain phase coil energising, the magnetic field that it produces holds its corresponding rotor magnetic pole, and rotor, wheel hub, wheel are no longer rotated, thereby play the effect of electric brake, these two kinds of brakes make bicycle safer.If unclamp the hand brake, continue to make pulse signal work, allow speed governing and power inverter export in proper order, then rotor, wheel hub, wheel can continue rotation again.This shows, use this Electric Motor Wheel driver, not only can be used as motorized motions, also can be used as electrodynamic braking.This Electric Motor Wheel has following several characteristics: the device of 1) giving the energising of stator phase winding, employing is by the multichannel output ring distributor F of pulse signal control, promptly by pulse signal, the stator phase winding that makes is step by step switched on, then also just step by step rotation of rotor, as long as the frequency of control wave, rotating speed with regard to the may command rotor, because rotor is direct and wheel hub links, the frequency of promptly using pulse signal is with regard to the may command vehicle wheel rotational speed, get very lowly because of the frequency adjustable of pulse signal again, vehicle wheel rotational speed also can be very low, so can save the set of gears decelerator.2) the motor power supply is to distribute power inverter to give the motor stator phase winding by the contactless multichannel output annular of pulse signal control to produce rotating magnetic field, and owing to the magnetic field distortion makes the rotor rotation, it unlike permanent magnet DC motor, power to motor by brush, so without brush, big leap ahead the life-span of motor.3) have broad Heng Zhuanjuqu, even very approaching zero the time at rotating speed, it is basic identical that torque is exported in the output torque during with high rotating speed, because its load all is constant phase coil resistance all the time.4) as can be seen from Figure 3; no matter this motor passes to forward current or reverse current; its torque direction is all constant; therefore when the design power converter; do not require that current cycle swings to; power switch pipe quantity reduces to minimum in the circuit thereby can make; every phase only needs a switching tube; having very, large economy is worth; because power inverter is connected with the motor magnetizing coil all the time, straight-through fault can not occur again, need not failure protecting device; make power converter construction simple, reduced the cost and the volume of power inverter.5) has strong stopping power, because when only giving certain phase coil energising, but when output is shifted to pulse enable signal, the rotor utmost point by magnetic field attraction tightly on a fixed position, thereby play the braking action of wheel, this is of great use for electric motor car.When 6) not giving the power supply of stator phase winding, it is power cutoff, the motor stator phase coil does not produce magnetic field, rotor is not restricted, corresponding wheel hub and wheel are not also restricted and are free to rotate, so when being used for electric bicycle, can save the clutch apparatus that separates with electronic transmission again, and resistance is very little when foot-operated.7) as seen from Figure 3, change the power-up sequence of giving the motor phase coil, promptly D, C, B, A just can change turning to of motor, and this just to other Electric Motor Wheel that needs forward and backward, provides convenience as Wheelchair, electric automobile etc.8) rotor owing to this motor only is formed by stacking by the lamination of magnetic conduction, there is not coil not have permanent magnet yet, most losses of motor concentrate on the motionless stator, therefore be easy to cooling, has fabulous heat dispersion, can also further improve rated output power if increase extra cooling way, this just provides possibility for the Electric Motor Wheel of the high-power output of needs such as motorcycle, automobile, fork truck etc.

Claims (2)

1, a kind of Electric Motor Wheel drive unit, it is characterized in that mainly forming by stepping reluctance motor (10), wheel hub (5), speed governing and power inverter (11), wheel hub (5) rotor (7) direct and reluctance motor links, and be fixed on the axletree (1) by bearing (9), wheel hub (5) connects with wheel by spoke (6), the stator of reluctance motor (4) is fixed on the axletree (1), stator is wound with phase coil on (4), speed governing and power inverter (11) are formed by ring distributor F and power switch tube S connection, and above-mentioned phase coil is the load of power switch pipe.

2,, it is characterized in that rotor (7) is to be overrided to form by the permeability magnetic material lamination according to the described device of claim 1.

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