CN2246315Y - Braille writing and reading machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a new style mechanically and electronically combined braille writing and reading machine which is composed of a writing device and a listening and reading device. Having the writing, the listening and reading, the automatic copying, the translating, (braille translated into Chinese language, or Chinese language translated into braille, or braille translated into foreign language, or foreign language translated into braille) four functions. The writing device is divided into the manual and electric structure forms, and can be used for forming a general manual braille typewriting device of simple structure and low cost as well as can be used for forming an electric braille writing and reading machine of many functions. The manual braille typewriting device is easy to control and can be carried about. The manual braille typewriting device is particularly suitable for the blind children study. The electric braille writing and reading machine is used as special equipment for the operation of listening, reading, writing, study, music composition, etc. of the blind.

Description

Braille writing and reading machine

The utility model belongs to the typewriter model to be raised, and is to form with the mode structure that machinery and electronics combine.Have and write, listen and read, make carbon copies, translate four kinds of functions.Be applicable to blind person's attending classes, writing material, composition or writing and braille turn over Chinese character (or foreign language), Chinese character (or foreign language) turns over braille etc.

Braille is the letter symbol that the blind person uses, and it is that combination and variation by six salient points constitutes Chinese phonetic alphabet, foreign letter, mathematic sign, music symbol etc.This character is because of being by forming, so be called the braille symbol.It travels countries in the world, is the known technology of using for a long time, and this does not give unnecessary details.

Although braille is used for a long time, blind persons exist suitable difficulty in order to write, to read; Especially at home, because the facility that do not have to be fit to can utilize, they have to take extremely original mode, hand takes a pin awl to prick one by one a little on paper when writing, write one brief, prick the prominent point of dozens of, not only efficient is extremely low, because they cannot see down the accurate orientation of pin, usually make a mistake and cause anti-worker.Read braille, what they taked is the combined situation of judging prominent point in the mode that finger is tried to fathom, and the phenomenon that mistake is touched (mispronouncing) happens occasionally.Because braille book is produced difficulty, cost is also high, difficult even more serious to blind person's impart knowledge.Owing to these reasons, blind persons generally lack knowledge and skills, and employment rate is extremely low.Not only they suffer untold misery themselves, also are simultaneously the heavy burdens of family, society.Blind person's quantity accounts for 2/1000ths of total population according to statistics, in China nearly 20,000,000 blind persons is just arranged.Really, is not this also a serious social concern? in view of the above, solving writing with listening of braille reads, for blind persons create some conveniences on the one hand at this, make their as far as possible chances that have some to obtain knowledge and skills more, not only useful to the blind person, also be very useful to entire society.The utility model is at this society need research and design.

Major function of the present utility model is writing of braille and listens and read that these two kinds of basic functions are to rely on special " Write " and special " listen and read device " to realize." Write " is to become the manual one by one special-purpose member of pricking point into button operation, its write-once goes out a braille (braille symbol), the aperture that has a light-permeable on the prominent point that writes out again, this has just not only improved greatly writes efficient, and reads to provide condition for realizing listening." listen and to read device and " be that the braille that utilizes the property of photoelectric tube at first will write back (having aperture) converts electric signal to, thereby realize functions such as its tin read, made carbon copies, translation.Thereby " Write " just becomes two core components of the present utility model with " listen and read device ".Here earlier that structure, principle and the function accompanying drawings of these two parts is as follows:

One, Write, it is the special-purpose member that is used to write braille, the most basic structure is to utilize a some needle stand that six pins are fixed on it, then utilizes manual or electronic button operation point pin, thus the function that realization is write or made carbon copies.Consider other blind persons' economic condition and adaptive faculty, this kind equipment need one by simple to complicated, by rudimentary to senior, progressively adaptation, the process of popularization progressively.Thereby " Write " of the present utility model is designed to manually and electronic two kinds of forms; Figure-A is manual Write, and it is directly to drive six some needle constructions by six buttons to form.A-1 is some needle stand (with the casting of atmosphere aldehyde plastics), A-2 is a pin (with the steel wire manufacturing of 2 millimeters of Φ), A-3 is a back-moving spring, A-4 is a decorative pearl on top of an official cap nest, A-5 is that the pressure of the decorative pearl on top of an official cap is regulated Luo Ding (decorative pearl on top of an official cap and stage clip are housed in it), A-5 is button (six), A-7 is loam cake (inferior degree is 0.5 millimeter iron sheet punching press), A-8 is seat board (thickness is 0.75 millimeter iron sheet punching press), A-9 is slide plate (thickness is 1.2 millimeters steel plate punching presses), and A-10 is template (thickness is 5 millimeters aluminium sheets or plastics manufacturing, and hole, 14 groups * 24 column criterion braille points position is arranged on it), A-11 is the combiner of line driver, and A-12 is a braille paper.

Figure-B is the electronic Write that is used for structure write-read machine, and its modular construction is the same substantially with figure-A.Different is that a pin is to utilize the adhesive function of relay to drive, and it not only can further improve and write efficient with the break-make reference mark pin of circuit, has also created condition for write automatically (the duplicating) of braille simultaneously.B-1 among the figure, 2,3,4,5 and A-1,2,3,4,5 identical.B-6 is midget relay (seven), six some pins of six control wherein, and another is used for the punching of word space, with the command signal (ocean, back) of having good luck automatically as " listening the machine of reading ", " manifolder ".B-7 is Axle, B-8 is a seat board, B-9 is a cover cap.

As shown in the figure, figure-A itself is exactly simple " writing machine " that a blind person manually writes, when writing, earlier A-1 is lifted, then braille paper (A-12) is placed on template (A-10) and goes up (template laterally is placed in desktop, writes from bottom to top), refer to operation two rows button with the right hand two, three, four, get braille, promote A-8 with thumb and on A-9 (row slide plate), word for word move up, until the top.This running hand is write and is finished, and presses A-11, and at this moment A-9 just moves to the position, dot matrix hole of next line automatically, A-1 is retracted the reference position of lower end again, at this moment just can carry out writing of second row.Both cheap also being easy to of this simple manually writing machine grasped, and blind persons bring and can use.Owing to no longer be to prick one by one a little with pin awl, not only can improve their efficient of writing, and make the salient point that writes out evenly carefully and neatly done, be convenient to touch and read, also make the loaded down with trivial details arduous bundle point type work relaxation and happiness that become simultaneously.

Shown in figure one B-2, the point pin that the utility model is used, having a Φ on its syringe needle sphere is 0.5 millimeter little pin, thereby uses new change of this practicality all to have an aperture that can see through light on the salient point of getting, this braille both can have been touched and read, and can utilize photoelectricity to listen again to read device to listen and read.Like this, blind persons have just been entered by original trying to fathom and tin have read, thereby have not only improved their write-read efficient, simultaneously they are contacted to some extent to modern science and technology, have gained some understanding.

Two, listen and read device, it is to be used for listening a Special Equipment of reading braille.Its structure is made of photoelectricity subassembly and two parts of voice bank.The former function is that the braille on the braille paper is converted to electric signal, be used to extract voice data so that program, then to be the memory function of utilizing M2732 prestore each the alphabetical pronunciation in the Chinese phonetic alphabet in it the latter, so that extract corresponding pronunciation at any time according to the charcter topology of braille.With the close fit of these two parts, realize listening the purpose of reading braille.

Figure two, " optoelectronic components " structural drawing that is it.It is to be combined by seven 3AX71 (photosensitive tube) and seven 3DK1b (switching tube).The light source that photosensitive tube (BG1-7) needs be located at braille paper below, it is made of 15 white light-emitting diodes (D1-15).Light sees through the light accepting part position of the aperture directive photosensitive tube on the prominent point, thereby makes photosensitive tube work.As everyone knows, photosensitive tube is actual to be an electronic switch, and its characteristic is to be subjected to light and conducting.So all photosensitive tubes that is subjected to illumination, the supply voltage of its collector will be by its emitter shunting output.The utility model is that this characteristic by photosensitive tube makes the Braille through illumination be transformed into electric signal, thereby the blind person is read by touching to read to enter to listen.As previously mentioned, braille is to utilize the various combination of six prominent points on the some position to constitute various characters, here, the various combination of prominent point, just the difference of luminous point is organized a performance, and constitutes photoelectricity combiner and the corresponding duty of institute's braille of reading thus again.The b in the Chinese phonetic alphabet for example, prominent point is combined as in Braille , at this moment, six photosensitive tubes corresponding with it have only two on the left bank to be subjected to light and work, all the other four states of then waiting to be equipped with because of there not being illumination to be in; P and for example, the prominent point of blind friendship is combined as

, at this moment, six photosensitive tubes have only two of right row lower end to be in and to wait to be equipped with all the other four work of conducting simultaneously.This is the place of the synchronous corresponding work principle that why can get with reading braille of the utility model optoelectronic components.Another photosensitive tube (BG7) is accepted is illumination from hole between word, by the electric signal of its output, is used for driving the automatic rising space mechanism of " listening the machine of reading " or " manifolder ".

As shown in the figure, photosensitive tube and switching tube are matching used, and the former provides forward voltage for the latter, provide the terminal output order for these parts after latter's conducting.The latter also is an electronic switch, and it is in order to obtain more stable output voltage values, to guarantee the reliability of output data that dual-switch is set.Its terminal output by putting in order of photoelectric tube, is connected on the output encoder that forms Braille on eight sockets, so that link with " voice bank " or " manifolder ".

2-1 among the figure two is photosensitive base (with the casting of atmosphere aldehyde plastics), and 2-2 is photosensitive tube (BG1-7), and 2-3 is a circuit board, and 2-4 is switching tube (BG8-14), and 2-5 is the terminal accessory power outlet, and 2-6 is the parts cover cap, and 2-7 is a liner plate.

Accompanying drawing three is structured flowcharts of sound components.The voice bank of the Chinese phonetic alphabet pronunciation that it is made up of eight M2732 solid-state memories (IC1-8) and a UM5100 digital to analog converter (IC9) and LM386 power discharging integrated block (IC10) and formed by a 74-138 code translator (IC11).As previously mentioned, Braille is to change institute by the prominent various combination of putting on six some positions to constitute, and this combination can form 63 kinds of variations altogether, and the character of representative also can only be 63 kinds.With the Chinese phonetic alphabet is example, and its initial consonant and simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable have 52, adds 11 kinds of punctuation marks commonly used, just 63 kinds.Therefore the design of the utility model voice bank is to be foundation with this storage size.Concrete storage scheme is: each 2732 storer divides eight segments to deposit eight alphabetical pronunciations respectively in, and 52 alphabetical pronunciations account for six and half 2732 storeies altogether, deposits the Dai Yin of 11 kinds of punctuation marks in addition with one and half (12 segments).So-called Dai Yin is promptly with other high or low long or short or sound of raising up or gliding, to represent the feature of various punctuation marks.These eight 2732 storeies constitute the voice bank of the Chinese phonetic alphabet.Pronunciation as if deposit certain foreign letter pronunciation or mathematical character, music symbol in same structure just becomes certain foreign language or mathematics or the voice bank of music, forms a kind of serial external member with this, selects utilization as required in order to the user.Consider blind person's particular difficulty, two districts deposit " please write " and " please listen and read " such two words in before and after dividing with a M2764 storer in addition, so that make the blind person can adjust the state fully for the treatment of of machine better.This storer also is to carry out playback through UM5100--→ LM386.

The extraction of voice data is retrieved control automatically by the director data of " optoelectronic components " shown in the figure two output.Its data are divided into three the tunnel by joint during with the sound components shown in the mode access figure three of eight bit parallels: front three is the first via, connects the 1.2.3 pin (address wire) of IC11; In three be the second the tunnel, connect the 9th, 10,11 pin (address wire) of eight M2732 storeies, these eight storeies link according to known pin function and IC9 in parallel.The 7th is low level, connects the playback pin of IC9, and the 8th is high level, connects the resetting pin of IC9 and the 6th pin of IC11.Front three and in three level combination all can form eight kinds of numbers, they are respectively 000.001.010.100.I11.110.101.011.These numbers are the director datas that are used for chip select and selections; Be that eight kinds of level that the first via (being connected in the front three data on IC11 (code translator) 1,2,3 pin) is produced change, can make its eight output pins (7.9.10.11.12.13.14.15 pin) produce eight kinds of corresponding output datas, its corresponding relation and on line are as shown in the table:

The 7.9.10.11.12.13.14.15 pin of the 1.2.3 pin IC11 of IC11

00011111110 → meet IC1.CS.OE

10011111101 → meet IC2.CS.OE

01011111011 → meet IC3.CS.OE

11011110111 → meet IC4.CS.OE

00111101111 → meet IC5.CS.OE

10111011111 → meet IC6.CS.OE

01110111111 → meet IC7.CS.OE

11101111111 → connect IC8.CS.OE here 0=do not have, 1=has electricity (3-5V), above-mentioned eight kinds of data, be actually the variation successively of the position of low level on eight pins, in other words, eight data of the first via can obtain eight low levels on the different pin positions respectively through the conversion of 74LS138 code translator.Because it is effective that 2732 chip select (CS) playback (OE) is low level, thereby the output of this code translator (IC11) is just instructed as chip select and the playback of IC1-8.

Eight kinds of level that the second tunnel (be connected on three address wires of IC1-8 in three bit data) produced change, selections instruction as 2732, their corresponding relation is 000 to be first section, 001 is second section, and 010 is the 3rd section, and 100 is the 4th section, 111 is the 5th section, 110 is the 6th section, and 101 is the 7th section, and 011 is the 8th section.Because the data of first and second two-way are sent synchronously, thereby chip select, selections signal also be synchronous operation, just constituted the absolute reliability of retrieval voice data thus.For example the data sent of optoelectronic components are 00011001, and front three 000 is sent into IC11, and it is selected to be converted to 11111110 (IC)); In three 110 send into IC1-8 (their the 6th section is all selected), but at this moment because IC11 has only chosen IC8, thus have only the 6th section of this storer can the output sound data, other storer is then invalid because of the selections that arrive as yet of chip select signal.This is the effect place that first and second two paths of data is close and cooperate.

Eight kinds of delta datas that above-mentioned first and second two-way produced are that the some bit pattern by Braille forms naturally.As previously mentioned, braille is that the various combination by prominent point on six some positions is constituted, arrangement of its point be divided into about two rows, every row has three somes position, upper, middle and lower again.Our numeric data code is the establishment that puts in order according to its some position.We determine according to the structure of Modern Chinese Braille: be to be to be to be to be to be the 6th under the 5th, right row among the 4th, right row on the 3rd, right row under second, left bank among first, left bank on the left bank.A bit (promptly porose) gone up in the some position, and corresponding photoelectric tube just has the output of high level, and point does not have a little on the position, and corresponding photoelectric tube does not just have level output, and the various combination of prominent point has just formed different level datas naturally on such six some positions.Chinese phonetic alphabet b for example, braille is written as Its level output data just must be 110000, and front three is the data that left bank point position forms, and back three then is the data that right row's point position forms, because three some positions of right row all do not have point (hole), thereby its level is output as 000.Because data from braille, thereby listen that to read effect also inevitable consistent with braille, this is the point of key of the present utility model.Just because of this, the storage of sound also must be carried out in strict accordance with combined situation (be level number) the formed position of each letter in Braille, for example the pronunciation of b just must leave in first section of IC4, otherwise just can not try to achieve the consistent satisfactory effect of read-write.

Voice bank of the present utility model, storage be the pronunciation of phonetic alphabet one by one, these pronunciations are coupled together form word sound so that language? what the utility model leaned on is optoelectronic components moving on braille paper, thereby alphabetical pronunciation is sent continuously, to form corresponding word sound or voice (the mobile of optoelectronic components driven by micromachine).What for example braille was write is , the optoelectronic components that moves will join continuous output level data 101111,001010,101110,110011,01010001,01100101.At this moment the sound components pronunciation data that access them by voice bank according to data are sent into IC9 and are carried out digital-to-analog conversion.And on loudspeaker, send the sound of MA (horse) NIU (ox) YANG (sheep).Point (.) in the data or comma () all are to jump the lattice instruction, and they and sound have nothing to do.

More than be the embodiment of the Chinese phonetic alphabet, the storage and the extraction of foreign language, mathematics, music pronunciation, still like this.Simple write-read machine is provided with a cover voice bank and get final product, if but for easy to use or need, two covers or three are set, and to overlap voice bank (having two or three text pronunciation) effects better certainly, and its device architecture, access mode are still constant.This is again the place of facility of the present utility model.

Accompanying drawing four is Chinese phonetic alphabet pronunciation stores location and the corresponding tables of extracting code.

Accompanying drawing five is one-piece construction figure of Braille writing and reading machine.5-l among the figure is an organism frame, 5-2 is a panel, and 5-3 is the Write combiner, and 5-4 is the solenoid valve assembly that slips a line, 5-5 is (totally two on the travel switch of Write row return, put the two ends up and down of row slide plate, Write is write from bottom to top, when the end is touched the switch open in usual be placed in the upper end, circuit is switched on, the motor-driven Write is descending, touches the normally closed type switch that is placed in the lower end when getting back to original position again, and circuit is cut off thereupon).5-6 is the Write template, and 5-7 listens the photoelectricity combiner of reading device.5-8 is a light source assembly, and 5-9 is voice bank, playback, stabilized voltage supply comprehensive circuit board, and 5-10 is a body fuselage.5-11 listens and reads socket, and 5-12 is the manifolding socket, and 5-13 is the outer accessory power outlet (being used for docking with robot calculator) of photooptical data, and 5-14 prepares to listen the braille paper supporting plate of reading.On this machine, the row slide plate of 5-3 and 5-7 all is fixed on the organism frame, and the variation that word is capable then is to be formed by the mobile of 5-6 and 5-14.The decorative pearl on top of an official cap all is equipped with in the bottom of 5-6 and 5-14, and is corresponding with the pearl nest on the 5-1, thereby can protect the accurate correspondence position of pin on schedule or photoelectric tube and template (5-6) and light source (5-8).

Accompanying drawing six is panel structure charts.6-1,2,3,4,5,6 refers to operation for writing key with right-hand man's 234, and they are actual to be the gauge tap of six relays on the Write, presses energising, decontrols outage.6-7 jumps the lattice button, it also is a mechanical switch, what control is that the on/off of jumping the lattice solenoid valve (whenever clicks, jump word lattice), 6-8 is the button that slips a line, its control be that the slip a line break-make of electromagnetic valve circuit (whenever clicks, it is capable that 5-6 jumps a word), 6-9 is a battery main switch, 6-10 writes and the switch of listening reading circuit (press to connect and write circuit, turn-off and listen reading circuit), and 6-11 listens the switch of reading and writing (to press to connect and listen reading circuit, circuit is write in shutoff) 6-12 be listen read button (its control be optoelectronic components drive motor connecting and disconnecting of the circuit, press energising, decontrol outage).6-13 is talk button (press noiseless, the expression power supply is not connected, and power supply just often should have the echo of " please write " or " please listen and read "), and 6-14 establishes loudspeaker in being.

Accompanying drawing seven is to jump lattice, the solenoid valve that slips a line combination component diagram.7-1 is that the stroke electromagnetic valve standard fitting of 0.2 kilogram of suction (select the 6-12v direct current for use, inhale journey 10mm) 7-2 is sheave (a nylon system), 7-3 is micromachine (selecting the 6v recorder motor to get final product), 7-4 is jaw clutch (with the punching press of 0.75mm iron sheet), and 7-5 is a clutch spring.Its principle of work is: the 7-1 adhesive; drive 7-2 and rotate an angle; 7-2 is connected in the two ends of 5-6 (template), 5-14 (supporting plate), 5-7 (optoelectronic components), 6-3 (Write) with backguy; thereby affect they walk word lattice or word capable; when walking to the end; owing to touched 5-5 (travel switch) motor circuit is connected automatically, motor is with driving the 7-2 backward rotation, by backguy with 5-6 or 5-14 or 5-7 or 5-3 lead can be original reference position.Touched another travel switch (5-5) when getting back to original position again, motor circuit turn-offs thereupon.Set jaw clutch belongs to the form that helical teeth embeds, thereby during the 7-2 backward rotation, just separates automatically with 7-1.

Manifolding function of the present utility model, still be " listen read device " and the combining of " Write ", when being used to make carbon copies, eight plugs that connect sound circuit are extracted from 5-11, do not change and be inserted on the 5-12 socket, at this moment, be not used further to extract sound and become the manifolding and automatic jumping lattice that drivings (being made up of seven relays) Write carries out braille by the level data of optoelectronic components (5-7) output.

Interpretative function of the present utility model, realization matches with microcomputer, its basic skills is that the data of utilizing one special " interface " that optoelectronic components is exported are sent into microcomputer, then utilizes the function of microcomputer to carry out the automatic conversion of two kinds of data and realize.When for example Chinese character translated in braille, with the hanzi system furnishing Two bors d's oeuveres double-tone input state of microcomputer, the character photoelectricity sign indicating number of braille had just converted the phonetic transcriptions of Chinese characters sign indicating number automatically to through " interface " and has entered microcomputer earlier.Because the braille of being imported, only be the Chinese phonetic alphabet, thereby it can only extract first Chinese character (it not necessarily is exactly needed that word) in the phonetically similar word row, so, behind the braille input microcomputer, also needing the abled person to help to edit arrangement just can become one piece of perfect Chinese.When braille translated in Chinese character, need earlier the Chinese that will translate to be imported microcomputer by the mode of the Chinese phonetic alphabet, utilize the blind Han dynasty sign indicating number of special establishment that translator program (attached) is translated automatically, then export braille data (being the photoelectricity sign indicating number) to braille " Write " socket by the serial port of microcomputer, at this moment seven of Write relays will be worked automatically according to the output data of microcomputer, get braille.English translated in braille, or English translates braille, all needs to translate blind, blind method of translating the Chinese by the Chinese and carry out, and doing like this is in order to utilize existing English-Chinese intertranslation software, in the hope of the facility in the work.When for example English translated in braille, braille should be translated into Chinese character earlier, then utilize English-Chinese intertranslation software to be translated into English, when Chinese braille translated in English, also be to utilize English-Chinese intertranslation software earlier English to be translated into Chinese, to translate by above-mentioned Chinese phonetic alphabet mode then or Chinese re-enter microcomputer, drive Write and write braille to be converted to the Braille code.

Accompanying drawing eight is that Braille writing and reading machine docks " interface " circuit diagram with microcomputer.8-1 (IC1) is the 74LS1-38 code translator, and 8-2 (IC2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9) is eight P-ROM data-carrier stores, and 8-3 (BG1-32) is the data input port that 32 3AK1b switching tubes are formed.These switching tubes, the in fact suitable female button of setting up type of three on the computer keyboard, different is, and they are not mechanical switch but electronic switch, these electronic switches are to rely on to be added in the voltage on its base stage and to make current collection and emission the two poles of the earth conducting.Their needed forward voltage are the data that send out from IC2-9.Its data i.e. 32 four figures of figure eight A institute note, and they correspond respectively to the base stage of BG1--32.As shown in the figure, so-called four figures is actually a high level and three low level four kinds of array configurations.Here, high level is for there being electricity (3.5v), and low level is not for there being electricity (or 1.25v is following), and like this, each is organized, and four figures is actual to have only a utilizable high level, thereby data are the forward voltage of BG1-32 just.These data are (each P-ROM deposit 0001,0010 respectively in, 0100,1,000 four data) that are pre-stored among the P-ROM.

The extraction of data still is to utilize six bit data of photoelectricity combiner (Fig. 2) output to retrieve extraction automatically; The same with the method for the character pronunciation that extracts voice bank, its first three figure place is connected on the 1.2.3 pin of IC1 respectively, and back three figure places are connected on the 9.10.11 pin of IC2-9 respectively.Eight output pins of IC1 are respectively applied for the chip select of control IC2-9.At this moment, a just corresponding conducting in 32 switching tubes like this along with the variation of optoelectronic components output data, form the close fit of chip select and selections, thereby IC2-9 is sent out and the complete corresponding data of braille to BG1-32 like clockwork.Thus, the Braille pinyin character that just has been transformed into Chinese character has been imported computing machine.8-4 (1010), 8-5 (1011) and their circuit connecting mode are the original structures of computer keyboard, for easy to use, this part becomes a unified circuit card with aforementioned " interface " structure, five core sockets of 1011 7.14.13.12. pin and computer keyboard are in parallel, and have so just constituted crosslinked with computing machine.During the input braille, computing machine is adjusted to Two bors d's oeuveres double-tone state can be translated into Chinese character automatically.

Subordinate list is the corresponding tables of 16 carry system codes of Chinese phonetic alphabet and Braille photoelectricity sign indicating number and braille photoelectricity sign indicating number, the combination of phonetic alphabet with the combination of corresponding braille photoelectricity sign indicating number is in the table---corresponding, can automatically phonetic be converted to braille photoelectricity sign indicating number by the program of working out.Because braille is a kind of literal of phonetic form, so the transfer process of phonetic and braille luminous point sign indicating number is exactly the process that braille translated in Chinese character.Following program is the application example that braille translated in Chinese character, guides the hanzi system of microcomputer during use earlier, moves this program.Then just can import phonetic transcriptions of Chinese characters according to screen prompt, program just is automatically converted to braille photoelectricity sign indicating number and is exported by serial port.Now that this interpretation of programs is as follows:

1, the guiding hanzi system moves this program in BASIC.

2,10～70, loader block.Be the prompting input Pinyin, set variable, and circulation read statement and interruption cycle criterion statement.

3,1000～1030 is judgement, the exit statement that withdraws from this translation program.

4,2000～2050 is that subroutine is judged in input.

5,3000～3800, data block.Be 16 system data statements of 402 kinds of phonetic modes and corresponding braille photoelectricity sign indicating number.

6,5000～5040, IOB.3010 is to open COM port or COM device or COM1, with 1200 baud rates, and the transmission of 8 bit serial.5020 is to the COM port or COM device or COM1 write data.5030 and sentence 5040 be to close COM port or COM device or COM1, return 10 and begin input once more.

The particular content of this program is as follows:

10 ' input 20 input a$30 if a$-" " then 1000＜!--SIPO<dP n="9">--<dp n="d9"/>40 gosub, 2,000 50 input " continue (Y/N) "; P$ 60 if p$ ◇ y or p$ ◇ Y then 1000 7O go to 101000 ' withdraw from 1010 input and " really will withdraw from (Y/N) "; Pp$1020 if pp$ ◇ Y or pp$ ◇ y then 101030 end2000 ' judgements 2010 restore2020 for i=1 to 3882030 read x$, y2040 if x$=a$ goto 50002050 next2060 return3000, data 3010 data a ， ﹠amp; H29, ai ， ﹠amp; H55, an ， ﹠amp; He5, ang ， ﹠amp; H65, ao ， ﹠amp; H693020 data ba ， ﹠amp; Hc129, bai ， ﹠amp; Hc155, ban ， ﹠amp; Hc1e5, bang ， ﹠amp; Hc165, bao ， ﹠amp; Hc1693030 data bei ， ﹠amp; Hc175, ben ， ﹠amp; Hc12d, beng ， ﹠amp; Hc13d, bi ， ﹠amp; Hc151, bian ， ﹠amp; Hc1953040 data biao ， ﹠amp; Hc139, bie ， ﹠amp; Hc189, bin ， ﹠amp; Hc1c5, bing ， ﹠amp; Hc185, bo ， ﹠amp; Hc1453050 data ca ， ﹠amp; H9129, cai ， ﹠amp; H9155, can ， ﹠amp; H91e5, cang ， ﹠amp; H9165, cao ， ﹠amp; H91693060 data ce ， ﹠amp; H9145, cen ， ﹠amp; H912d, ceng ， ﹠amp; Hf93d, cha ， ﹠amp; Hf929, chai ， ﹠amp; Hf9553070 data chan ， ﹠amp; Hf9e5, chang ， ﹠amp; Hf965, chao ， ﹠amp; Hf969, che ， ﹠amp; Hf945, chen ， ﹠amp; Hf92d3080 data cheng ， ﹠amp; Hf93d, chi ， ﹠amp; Hf951, chong ， ﹠amp; Hf94d, chou ， ﹠amp; Hf9ed, chu ， ﹠amp; Hf9a53090 data chuai ， ﹠amp; Hf9bd, chuan ， ﹠amp; Hf9dd, chuang ， ﹠amp; Hf96d, chui ， ﹠amp; Hf95d, chun ， ﹠amp; Hf9493100 data chuo ， ﹠amp; Hf9a9, ci ， ﹠amp; H9151, cong ， ﹠amp; H914d, cou ， ﹠amp; H91ed, cu ， ﹠amp; H91a53110 data cuan ， ﹠amp; H91dd, cui ， ﹠amp; H915d, cun ， ﹠amp; H9149, cuo ， ﹠amp; H91a9, bu ， ﹠amp; Hc1a53120 data da ， ﹠amp; H9929, dai ， ﹠amp; H9955, dan ， ﹠amp; H99e5, dang ， ﹠amp; H9965, dao ， ﹠amp; H99693130 data de ， ﹠amp; H9945, dei ， ﹠amp; H9975, den ， ﹠amp; H992d, deng ， ﹠amp; H993d, di ， ﹠amp; H99d53140 data dia ， ﹠amp; H99d5, dian ， ﹠amp; H9995, diao ， ﹠amp; H9939, die ， ﹠amp; H9989, ding ， ﹠amp; H99853150 data diu ， ﹠amp; H99cd, dong ， ﹠amp; H994d, dou ， ﹠amp; H99ed, du ， ﹠amp; H99a5, duan ， ﹠amp; H99dd3160 data dui ， ﹠amp; H995d, dun ， ﹠amp; H9949, duo ， ﹠amp; H99a9, e ， ﹠amp; H45, ei ， ﹠amp; H753170 data en ， ﹠amp; H2d, eng ， ﹠amp; H3d, er ， ﹠amp; He9, fa ， ﹠amp; Hd129, fan ， ﹠amp; Hd1e53180 data fang ， ﹠amp; Hd165, fei ， ﹠amp; Hd175, fen ， ﹠amp; Hd12d, feng ， ﹠amp; Hd13d, fo ， ﹠amp; Hd1453190 data fou ， ﹠amp; Hd1ed, fu ， ﹠amp; Hd1a5, ga ， ﹠amp; Hd929, gai ， ﹠amp; Hd955, gan ， ﹠amp; Hd9e53200 data gang ， ﹠amp; Hd965, gao ， ﹠amp; Hd969, ge ， ﹠amp; Hd945, gei ， ﹠amp; Hd975, gen ， ﹠amp; Hd92d＜!--SIPO<dP n="10">--<dp n="d10"/>3210 data geng ， ﹠amp; Hd93d, gong ， ﹠amp; Hd94d, gou ， ﹠amp; Hd9ed, gua ， ﹠amp; Hd9fd3220 data guai ， ﹠amp; Hd9bd, guan ， ﹠amp; Hd9dd, guang ， ﹠amp; Hd96d, gui ， ﹠amp; Hd95d, gun ， ﹠amp; Hd9493230 data 9uo ， ﹠amp; Hd9a9, ha ， ﹠amp; Hc929, hai ， ﹠amp; Hc955, han ， ﹠amp; Hc9e5, hang ， ﹠amp; Hc9653230 data hao ， ﹠amp; Hc969, he ， ﹠amp; Hc945, hei ， ﹠amp; Hc975, hen ， ﹠amp; Hc92d, heng ， ﹠amp; Hc93d3240 data hong ， ﹠amp; Hc94d, hou ， ﹠amp; Hc9ed, hu ， ﹠amp; Hc9a5, hua ， ﹠amp; Hc9fd, huai ， ﹠amp; Hc9bd3250 data huan ， ﹠amp; Hc9dd, huang ， ﹠amp; Hc96d, hui ， ﹠amp; Hc95d, hun ， ﹠amp; Hc949, huo ， ﹠amp; Hc9a93260 data ji ， ﹠amp; Hd951, jia ， ﹠amp; Hd9d5, jian ， ﹠amp; Hd995, jiang ， ﹠amp; Hd9b5, jiao ， ﹠amp; Hd9393270 data jie ， ﹠amp; Hd989, jin ， ﹠amp; Hd9c5, jing ， ﹠amp; Hd985, jiong ， ﹠amp; Hd99d, jiu ， ﹠amp; Hd9cd3280 data ju ， ﹠amp; Hd935, juan ， ﹠amp; Hd9f5, jue ， ﹠amp; Hd97d, jun ， ﹠amp; Hd91d, ka ， ﹠amp; Ha1293290 data kai ， ﹠amp; Ha155, kan ， ﹠amp; Ha1e5, kang ， ﹠amp; Ha165, kao ， ﹠amp; Ha169, ke ， ﹠amp; Ha1453300 data ken ， ﹠amp; Ha12d, keng ， ﹠amp; Ha13d, kong ， ﹠amp; Ha14d, kou ， ﹠amp; Ha1ed, ku ， ﹠amp; Ha1a53310 data kua ， ﹠amp; Ha1fd, kuai ， ﹠amp; Ha1bd, kuan ， ﹠amp; Ha1dd, kuang ， ﹠amp; Ha16d, kui ， ﹠amp; Ha15d3320 data kun ， ﹠amp; Ha149, kuo ， ﹠amp; Ha1a9, la ， ﹠amp; He129, lai ， ﹠amp; He155, lan ， ﹠amp; He1e53330 data lang ， ﹠amp; He165, lao ， ﹠amp; He169, le ， ﹠amp; He145, lei ， ﹠amp; He175, leng ， ﹠amp; He13d3340 data li ， ﹠amp; He151, lia ， ﹠amp; He1d5, lian ， ﹠amp; He195, liang ， ﹠amp; He1b5, liao ， ﹠amp; He1393350 data lie ， ﹠amp; He189, lin ， ﹠amp; He1c5, ling ， ﹠amp; He185, liu ， ﹠amp; He1cd, long ， ﹠amp; He14d3360 data lou ， ﹠amp; He1ed, lu ， ﹠amp; He1a5, lv ， ﹠amp; He135, luan ， ﹠amp; He1dd, lue ， ﹠amp; He17d3370 data lun ， ﹠amp; He149, luo ， ﹠amp; He1a9, ma ， ﹠amp; Hb129, mai ， ﹠amp; Hb155, man ， ﹠amp; Hb1e53380 data mang ， ﹠amp; Hb165, mao ， ﹠amp; Hb169, me ， ﹠amp; Hb145, mei ， ﹠amp; Hb175, men ， ﹠amp; Hb12d3390 data meng ， ﹠amp; Hb13d, mi ， ﹠amp; Hb151, mian ， ﹠amp; Hb195, miao ， ﹠amp; Hb139, mie ， ﹠amp; Hb1893400 data min ， ﹠amp; Hb1c5, ming ， ﹠amp; Hb185, miu ， ﹠amp; Hb1cd, mo ， ﹠amp; Hb145, mou ， ﹠amp; Hb1ed3410 data mu ， ﹠amp; Hb1a5, na ， ﹠amp; Hb929, nai ， ﹠amp; Hb955, nan ， ﹠amp; Hb9e5, nang ， ﹠amp; Hb9653420 data nao ， ﹠amp; Hb969, ne ， ﹠amp; Hb945, nei ， ﹠amp; Hb975, nen ， ﹠amp; Hb92d, neng ， ﹠amp; Hb93d3430 data ni ， ﹠amp; Hb951, nian ， ﹠amp; Hb995, niang ， ﹠amp; Hb9b5, niao ， ﹠amp; Hb939, nie ， ﹠amp; Hb9893440 data nin ， ﹠amp; Hb9c5, ning ， ﹠amp; Hb985, niu ， ﹠amp; Hb9cd, nong ， ﹠amp; Hb94d, nou ， ﹠amp; Hb9ed3450 data nu ， ﹠amp; Hb9a5, nv ， ﹠amp; Hb935, nuan ， ﹠amp; Hb9dd, nue ， ﹠amp; Hb97d, nuo ， ﹠amp; Hb9a93460 data o ， ﹠amp; H45, ou ， ﹠amp; Hed, pa ， ﹠amp; Hf129, pai ， ﹠amp; Hf155, pan ， ﹠amp; Hf1e53470 data pang ， ﹠amp; Hf165, pao ， ﹠amp; Hf169, pei ， ﹠amp; Hf175, pen ， ﹠amp; Hf12d, peng ， ﹠amp; Hf13d3480 data pi ， ﹠amp; Hf151, pian ， ﹠amp; Hf195, piao ， ﹠amp; Hf139, pie ， ﹠amp; Hf189, pin ， ﹠amp; Hf1c53490 data ping ， ﹠amp; Hf1885, po ， ﹠amp; Hf145, pou ， ﹠amp; Hf1ed, pu ， ﹠amp; Hf1a5, qi ， ﹠amp; Ha1513500 data qia ， ﹠amp; Ha1d5, qian ， ﹠amp; Ha195, qiang ， ﹠amp; Ha1b5, qiao ， ﹠amp; Ha139, qie ， ﹠amp; Ha1893510 data qin ， ﹠amp; Ha1c5, qing ， ﹠amp; Ha185, qing ， ﹠amp; Ha19d, qiu ， ﹠amp; Ha1cd, qu ， ﹠amp; Ha1353520 data quan ， ﹠amp; Ha1f5, que ， ﹠amp; Ha17d, qun ， ﹠amp; Ha11d, ran ， ﹠amp; H59e5, rang ， ﹠amp; H59653530 data rao ， ﹠amp; H5969, re ， ﹠amp; H5945, ren ， ﹠amp; H592d, reng ， ﹠amp; H593d, ri ， ﹠amp; H59513540 data rong ， ﹠amp; H594d, rou ， ﹠amp; H59ed, ru ， ﹠amp; H59a5, rua ， ﹠amp; H59fd, ruan ， ﹠amp; H59f53550 data rui ， ﹠amp; H595d, run ， ﹠amp; H5949, ruo ， ﹠amp; H59a9, sa ， ﹠amp; H7129, sai ， ﹠amp; H7155＜!--SIPO<dP n="11">--<dp n="d11"/>3560 data san ， ﹠amp; H71e5, sang ， ﹠amp; H7165, sao ， ﹠amp; H7169, se ， ﹠amp; H7145, sen ， ﹠amp; H712d, 3570 data seng ， ﹠amp; H713d, sha ， ﹠amp; H8d29, shai ， ﹠amp; H8d55, sham ， ﹠amp; H8de5, shang ， ﹠amp; H8d653580 data shao ， ﹠amp; H8d69, she ， ﹠amp; H8d45, shen ， ﹠amp; H8d2d, sheng ， ﹠amp; H8d3d, shi ， ﹠amp; H8d513590 data shou ， ﹠amp; H8ded, sbu ， ﹠amp; H8da5, shua ， ﹠amp; H8dfd, shuai ， ﹠amp; H8dbd, shuan ， ﹠amp; H8df53600 data shuang ， ﹠amp; H8d6d, shui ， ﹠amp; H8d5d, shun ， ﹠amp; H8d49, shuo ， ﹠amp; H8da9, si ， ﹠amp; H71513610 data song ， ﹠amp; H714d, sou ， ﹠amp; H71eed, suan ， ﹠amp; H71f5, sui ， ﹠amp; H715d, su ， ﹠amp; H71a53620 data sun ， ﹠amp; H7149, suo ， ﹠amp; H71a9, ta ， ﹠amp; H7929, tai ， ﹠amp; H7955, tan ， ﹠amp; H79e53630 data tang ， ﹠amp; H7965, tao ， ﹠amp; H7969, te ， ﹠amp; H7945, teng ， ﹠amp; H793d, ti ， ﹠amp; H79513640 data tian ， ﹠amp; H7995, tiao ， ﹠amp; H7939, tie ， ﹠amp; H7989, ting ， ﹠amp; H7985, tong ， ﹠amp; H794d3650 data tou ， ﹠amp; H79ed, tu ， ﹠amp; H79a5, tuan ， ﹠amp; H79f5, tui ， ﹠amp; H795d, tun ， ﹠amp; H79493660 data tuo ， ﹠amp; H79a9, wa ， ﹠amp; Hfd, wai ， ﹠amp; Hbd, wan ， ﹠amp; Hdd, wang ， ﹠amp; H6d3670 data wei ， ﹠amp; H5d, wen ， ﹠amp; H49, weng ， ﹠amp; H4d, wo ， ﹠amp; Ha9, wu ， ﹠amp; Ha53680 data xi ， ﹠amp; Hc951, xia ， ﹠amp; Hc9d5, xian ， ﹠amp; Hc995, xiang ， ﹠amp; Hc9b5, xiao ， ﹠amp; Hc9393690 data xie ， ﹠amp; Hc989, xin ， ﹠amp; Hc9c5, xing ， ﹠amp; Hc985, xiong ， ﹠amp; Hc99d, xiu ， ﹠amp; Hc9cd3700 data xv ， ﹠amp; Hc935, xuan ， ﹠amp; Hc9f5, xue ， ﹠amp; Hc97d, xun ， ﹠amp; Hc91d, ya ， ﹠amp; Hd53710 data yan ， ﹠amp; H95, yang ， ﹠amp; Hb5, yao ， ﹠amp; H39, ye ， ﹠amp; H89, yi ， ﹠amp; H513720 data yin ， ﹠amp; Hc5, ying ， ﹠amp; H85, yong ， ﹠amp; H9d, you ， ﹠amp; Hcd, yv ， ﹠amp; H353730 data yuan ， ﹠amp; Hf5, yue ， ﹠amp; H7d, yun ， ﹠amp; H1d, za ， ﹠amp; Had29, zai ， ﹠amp; Had553740 data zan ， ﹠amp; Hade5, zang ， ﹠amp; Had65, zao ， ﹠amp; Had69, ze ， ﹠amp; Had45, zei ， ﹠amp; Had753750 data zen ， ﹠amp; Had2d, zeng ， ﹠amp; Had3d, zha ， ﹠amp; H3129, zhai ， ﹠amp; H3155, zhan ， ﹠amp; H31e53760 data zhang ， ﹠amp; H3165, zhao ， ﹠amp; H3169, zhe ， ﹠amp; H3145, zhen ， ﹠amp; H312d, zheng ， ﹠amp; H313d3770 data zhi ， ﹠amp; H3151, zhong ， ﹠amp; H314d, zhou ， ﹠amp; H31ed, zhua ， ﹠amp; H31fd, zhuai ， ﹠amp; H31bd3780 data zhuan ， ﹠amp; H31dd, zhuang ， ﹠amp; H316d, zhui ， ﹠amp; H315d, zhun ， ﹠amp; H3149, zhuo ， ﹠amp; H31a93790 data zi ， ﹠amp; Had51, zong ， ﹠amp; Had4d, zou ， ﹠amp; Haded, zu ， ﹠amp; Hada5, zuan ， ﹠amp; Haddd3800 data zui ， ﹠amp; Had5d, zun ， ﹠amp; Had49, zuo ， ﹠amp; Hada95000 ' output 5010 open " com1:1200,,, 8,, " as #15020 write #1, y$5030 close #15040 goto 10

Phonetic	Braille photoelectricity sign indicating number	16 carry system codes	Phonetic	Braille photoelectricity sign indicating number	16 carry system codes
						?b ?p ?m ?f ?d ?t ?n ?l ?g?j ?k?q ?h?x ?zh ?ch ?sh ?r ?z ?c ?s ?a ?o?e ?i ?u ?v(ü) ?uang ?üan ?un	?11000001 ?11110001 ?10110001 ?11010001 ?10011001 ?01111001 ?10111001 ?11100001 ?11011001 ?10100001 ?11001001 ?00110001 ?11111001 ?10001101 ?01011001 ?10101101 ?10010001 ?01110001 ?00101001 ?01000101 ?01010001 ?10100101 ?00110101 ?01101101 ?11110101 ?01001001	?C1 ?F1 ?B1 ?D1 ?99 ?79 ?B9 ?E1 ?D9 ?A1 ?C9 ?31 ?F9 ?8D ?59 ?AD ?91 ?71 ?29 ?45 ?51 ?A5 ?35 ?6D ?F5 ?49	?er ?ai ?ao ?ei ?ou ?ia ?iao ?ie ?iu ?ua ?uai ?ui ?uo ?üe ?an ?ang ?en ?eng ?ian ?iang ?in ?ing ?uan ?ong ?ün ?iong	?11101001 ?01010101 ?01101001 ?01110101 ?11101101 ?11010101 ?00111001 ?10001001 ?11001101 ?11111101 ?10111101 ?01011101 ?10101001 ?01111101 ?11100101 ?01100101 ?00101101 ?00111101 ?10010101 ?10110101 ?11000101 ?10000101 ?11011101 ?01001101 ?00011101 ?10011101	?E9 ?55 ?69 ?75 ?ED ?D5 ?39 ?B9 ?CD ?FD ?BD ?5D ?A9 ?7D ?E5 ?65 ?2D ?3D ?95 ?B5 ?C5 ?85 ?DD ?4D ?1D ?9D
Annotate: v=ü during the phonetic input, ue=ü e, uan=ü an, un=ü n

Claims (6)

1, a kind of by the machinery Braille writing and reading machine that combines and constitute with electrical equipment, it is characterized in that machine is provided with to write with listening to read the special-purpose member that two covers cooperatively interact that its Write divides manually and electronic two kinds of forms; Its tin read device and comprised the voice bank of photoelectricity combiner and various alphabetical pronunciations and retrieval thereof, playback parts; Described Braille writing and reading machine, its feature are that also machine is provided with the solenoid valve combination parts of walking lattice, traveling automatically; Described Braille writing and reading machine, its feature are that also machine is provided with sleiding form and functional unit; Constitute thus and a kind ofly have the writing of Braille, listen and read, make carbon copies and the complete machine equipment of interpretative function.

2, Braille writing and reading machine as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that its Write is made up of a needle stand, some pin, back-moving spring, the decorative pearl on top of an official cap, the pressure spring of the decorative pearl on top of an official cap and adjusting sieve silk, button, loam cake, seat board, row slide plate, template, the line driver of pressure; Described some pin is the U type, and having a Φ on the syringe needle sphere is 0.5mm, and length is the little pin of 5mm; Described button, be divided into manually and electronic two kinds of structures, hand: six buttons are loaded on loam cake, with direct press points pin; Electrodynamic type: on cover seven midget relaies be housed, its power circuit has been scurried seven keyswitches, with the break-make of control relay circuit.

3, Braille writing and reading machine as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that optoelectronic components is made of seven 3AX71 photosensitive tubes and seven 3DK1b switching tubes and the resistance that is complementary, electric capacity and eight sockets; Seven photosensitive tubes are that strict braille point position corresponding to regulation is installed on the seat board successively, and its collector connects the 5v power supply, the base stage that emitter is pressed switching tube by 10k resistance and 1u capacitor; The collector of seven switching tubes also connects supply voltage through 30K resistance, and it launches very level signal output terminal, and the first six digits with eight sockets is connected successively.

4, Braille writing and reading machine as claimed in claim 1, the storage size that it is characterized in that its voice bank is according to the actual expense design of braille pinyin character; The voice bank that is used for the Chinese phonetic alphabet is made up of eight 2732EPROM and a UM5100 and a LM386; 52 phonetic alphabet pronunciations and 11 punctuation marks commonly used leave in eight 2732 by known memory technology for sound, each 2732 is divided into eight segments again, each segment deposits corresponding alphabetical pronunciation or punctuate in for sound in strict accordance with the position of accompanying drawing four defineds, and carries out the connection of circuit by the on line mode shown in the figure four.

5, Braille writing and reading machine as claimed in claim 1, the level data that it is characterized in that optoelectronic components output enters microcomputer to realize automatic translation function by one special " interface ", its " interface " is by the IC1 in the accompanying drawing eight, IC2-9, BG1-33, IC10, IC11 constitutes.

6, Braille writing and reading machine as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that one-piece construction is by electronic Write, row slide plate, line slip template, photoelectricity combiner, can listens braille paper supporting plate, row, row solenoid valve combination parts, panel, framework, light source assembly 5-8, sound components and the shell read to be constituted.

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