CN2243141Y - General magnetic electric-power-supply main switch for motor vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a general magnetic electric-power-supply main switch for a motor vehicle. The utility model can be used for controlling a vehicle with a cathodal power supply, as well as can be used for controlling a vehicle with a positive power supply, and an ignition switch interlocked controls the on-off of the cathodal electrode or a positive electrode of the power supply of a battery. When the vehicle is parked at night and the ignition switch is placed at a neutral position, a tail lamp can still be lighten up according to needs, and the original vehicle does not need to be made any change when the utility model is arranged. The utility model has the advantages of flexible action, stabilization, reliability and convenience for maintenance and installation, and the goal of protecting the battery and electric equipment can be achieved.

Description

The universal electromagnetic power-supply general switch of motor vehicle

The utility model is the universal electromagnetic power-supply general switch of motor vehicle.

Existing electromagnetic power-supply general switch is a non-universal, can only be applicable to a kind of in control positive source (be as application number 87209991 patent) or the control power cathode (be as application number 88208773.8 patent), this gives and changes mains switch and maintenance is made troubles.

The purpose of this utility model provides a kind ofly can control the electromagnetic type multiple power source master switch that positive source can be controlled power cathode again, and make have safety, characteristics such as reliable, power saving, give maintenance, change master switch and use brings convenience.

Profile such as Fig. 1 of the universal electromagnetic power-supply general switch TDK of the utility model, it is by power input 1,2, three control ends of power output end 3,4,5, and housing 6 is fixed with the electronic control system 8 of support 7 and enclosure interior and is formed.Fig. 2 is the electronic control system 8 that is loaded on battery main switch TDK inside, and power input 1 can connect power supply P positive pole, the meet sb. at the airport positive pole of motor-car electrical system of power output end 2, and the power cathode bonding, i.e. positive source control is used; Power input 1 also can connect the negative pole of power supply P, and power output end 2 connects bonding, and power supply P positive pole connects the positive pole of electric equipment, i.e. power cathode control is used.See Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 with two kinds of different modes of connection of power consumption equipment.

Battery main switch TDK can work in two kinds of power connection keys and be that the line feature of electronic control system 8 determines.Be characterized in having in the circuit two covers to make the triode switch system of relay J work, they can work in the positive source control mode of connection and the power cathode control mode of connection automatically respectively, and can not damage components and parts wherein.

The feature of electronic control circuit 8 is line bag one termination power inputs 1 of relay J, and the line bag other end is received NPN switch triode T simultaneously ₁With PNP switch triode T ₂Collector electrode, T ₁The emitter bonding, T ₁Base stage through D ₇, R ₁Receive three diode D of control end ₁, D ₂, D ₃(Fig. 3) is by NPN triode T in the positive source control connection ₁Execution makes the control command of TDK break-make.T ₂Emitter and diode D ₁, D ₂, D ₃Link to each other with voltage comparator MC inverting input, base stage is by current-limiting resistance R ₂, R ₃Link the output of bonding and MC, the power positive end V+ bonding of MC is simultaneously through D ₅Receive in-phase input end, the extreme V-of the power-of MC is through D ₆Be connected to the power input 1 of TDK, V-is respectively through resistance R simultaneously ₄, R ₅Be connected to inverting input and in-phase input end.In power cathode control connection (Fig. 4), by PNP triode T ₂And voltage comparator MC carries out the control command that makes the TDK break-make.Diode D ₁～D ₇, resistance R ₁～R ₅, capacitor C, voltage comparator MC is the element that makes the electronic circuit operate as normal.

Electronic control system operation principle general introduction when positive source control is used: when any end had the positive voltage input in 3 control ends 3,4,5, positive voltage was through R ₁, D ₇T is provided ₁The base current of conducting and conducting, relay J gets electric work, makes 1-2 adhesive energized positive pole.At this T ₂Collector and emitter is in same positive voltage current potential, can not work.

Operation principle general introduction when power cathode control is used: when three control end 3,4,5 no positive voltages were imported, electronic circuit 8 was not worked, and TDK is in off-state; Positive voltage input moment is arranged when 3,4,5, (TDK is the moment of access failure also), electric current was through D ₁(or D2, D3) → R ₄→ D ₆To power input (power cathode) 1, D ₆Conducting, the extreme V-of the power-of voltage comparator MC has had the negative pole current potential, and the inverting input of MC has had the positive potential of positive voltage, and meanwhile, another road of electric current is through the coil → bonding → D of ignition system 12 (see figure 4)s of outside ₅→ R ₅→ D ₆To power input 1 (power cathode), because of ignition system 12 coils have certain impedance R, R and R ₅The dividing potential drop effect of series connection makes the in-phase input end voltage of voltage comparator MC lower, and this dividing potential drop effect simultaneously provides the positive supply V+ of voltage comparator MC, makes the MC output low level because of inverting input voltage is higher than in-phase input end voltage, makes the PNP transistor T ₂Conducting, the relay J conducting, the TDK adhesive connects 1 and 2, and bonding has been connected power cathode, at this moment T ₂Base current changes its course through R ₂To power cathode (bonding), guaranteed the reliable adhesive conducting of TDK.The V-of MC, V+ quits work because of being in the negative pole current potential together.

Fig. 1.The universal electromagnetic power-supply general switch TDK of motor vehicle outline drawing.Wherein: 1. power input binding post; 2. power output end binding post; 3,4,5, three control end binding posts; 6. battery main switch TDK main body cover; 7. fixed power source master switch support; 8. be installed in the electronic control system of shell 6 inside.Fig. 2. the electronic control system schematic diagram of battery main switch inside.Wherein: the binding post in 1～5 corresponding diagram 1,8 for being contained in the electronic control system of body interior, D ₁～D ₇Be diode, T ₁Be NPN type triode, T ₂Be the positive-negative-positive triode, MC is a voltage comparator, wherein-, anti-phase and the in-phase input end of+difference representative voltage comparator, V-, V+ is the negative terminal and the anode of representative voltage comparator power supply respectively, and the J representative makes the electromagnetic relay of battery main switch TDK break-make, and its line bag is connected respectively to 1 and switch triode T ₁And T ₂Collector electrode, R ₁～R ₅Be the resistance that guarantees the circuit operate as normal, C is an electric capacity.Fig. 3. when being TDK by control positive source connection, TDK and electric equipment 9～14, the electrical connection schematic diagram of K and storage battery P, wherein: the 9th, its kind model ignition switch, A, B, C, D are its 4 electric contacts, A is the input of electric fiery switch, link to each other with 1 with storage battery P is anodal, B links to each other with ignition system 12 with the control end 3 of TDK, and C links to each other with starter relay 10, and D links to each other with auxiliary using electricity system 11, the 13rd, taillight, K is a taillight switch, the 14th, and complete automobile-used electric loading system, taillight and K link to each other with 5.The power input 1 of TDK links to each other with power supply storage battery P is anodal, and power output end 2 links to each other with 14 and K, storage battery P minus earth.Fig. 4. the schematic diagram that is electrically connected of TDK and electric equipment, storage battery P when being TDK by control power cathode connection, wherein 1 links to each other with the negative pole of storage battery P, 2 bonding, A links to each other with storage battery P positive pole, K, 14 in the ignition switch 9, and other methods of attachment are identical with Fig. 3.

When using by the control positive source, battery main switch TDK carries out with being electrically connected of electric equipment by Fig. 3 and corresponding description of drawings.During ignition switch 9 neutrals, B, C, the equal no-voltage of D, also no-voltage on 3,4,5, TDK is in off-state, and electric apparatus of whole vehicle does not all have.9 put I when retaining, and A-B connects, 4 input positive voltages, TDK energized positive pole, full car energising, ignition system 12 work simultaneously; When 9 put the II retaining, A-B-C connected, starter relay 10 work, and starting back ignition switch returns to the work of I retaining; A-D connected when ancillary apparatus 11 was put in 9 derotations, and TDK also keeps conducting, but ignition system 12 no electricity are not worked.When the parking at night needs taillight 13 to light, put the I retaining with 9 earlier, close K, taillight is promptly bright, and 9 put neutral again, and taillight is still bright; After turn-offing K, TDK replys off-state, and full car does not have electricity, and other power consumption equipments are not closed, and TDK can energized yet, thus as long as turn-off taillight K, take off the key of ignition switch, full the car power-off protection electric equipment.TDK is when off state, though the transistor in the electronic control system 8 has quiescent current, power consumption is atomic little, approximately has only below 10 milliamperes, and is also more much smaller than the natural discharging current of storage battery, so battery main switch also is safe to storage battery.When TDK turn-offs, PNP triode T ₂Though collector electrode is in the positive potential state, emitter does not have positive voltage, so T ₂Also be safe.TDK is when conducting state, because D ₆Be in reverse bias, voltage comparator MC power supply V+, though the reversal connection of V_ end, voltage difference is very little, so MC also is safe, test run has also proved this point.

When battery main switch TDK uses by the control power cathode, press the operation of Fig. 4 connection, the open and close of taillight reach the same Fig. 3 of the protective effect of electric equipment.Under the TDK off state, the quiescent current in the electronic control system is also very little.Though the moment of TDK in starting but before the access failure, positive voltage through A → ignition lead system 12 to bonding to T ₁Emitter makes it the positively charged position, but the impedance of ignition system 12 has hypotensive effect, and T ₁Certain anti-reverse bias ability is arranged, the protection control ability of electronic component is arranged again, test also shows T in this process ₁Also be safe, can not damage.It should be noted that also that in addition because the effect of voltage comparator MC, when ignition switch was put neutral (or key takes off), one power consumption equipment switch was in closure state (except the taillight switch K), also can not make TDK work produce the misconnection energize.

Claims (1)

1. motor vehicle electromagnetic power-supply general switch TDK, it is by power input 1 and power output end 2, three control ends 3,4,5, housing 6, fixing with 8 compositions of the electronic control system in support 7 and the housing, it is characterized in that power input 1 can connect the positive pole of power supply P, 2 are connected to the positive pole of electric equipment; 1 also can connect the negative pole of power supply, and 2 connect bonding, line bag one termination 1 of electronic control system 8 relay J, another termination NPN switch triode T ₁With PNP switch triode T ₂Collector electrode, T ₁The emitter bonding, base stage is through D ₇, R ₁With D ₁, D ₂, D ₃Link to each other T ₂Emitter and D ₁, D ₂, D ₃And the inverting input of voltage comparator MC links to each other T ₂Base stage and current-limiting resistance R ₂, R ₃Link to each other R ₂, R ₃Other end bonding and connect the output of voltage comparator MC respectively, the power positive end V+ bonding of MC, and through D ₅Be connected to in-phase input end, the extreme V-of the power-of MC is through D ₆Be connected to 1, V-is respectively through R simultaneously ₄, R ₅Be connected to inverting input and in-phase input end.

Images