CN2239079Y

CN2239079Y - High-performance sealed plumbous acid storage battery with exhaust valve

Info

Publication number: CN2239079Y
Application number: CN95243334U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 孙颀
Original assignee: ZHANGJIAGANG CITY STORAGE BATTERY FACTORY
Current assignee: ZHANGJIAGANG CITY STORAGE BATTERY FACTORY
Priority date: 1995-01-10
Filing date: 1995-01-10
Publication date: 1996-10-30
Anticipated expiration: 2005-01-10

Abstract

The utility model discloses a high-performance sealed plumbous acid storage battery with exhaust valve, which is characterized in that the area of the negative plate is larger than the area of the positive plate. A gas chamber formed by a battery cover, the positive plate, the negative plate and the upper end of a partition board and the gap around the positive plate, the negative plate, the partition board and a battery jar are filled with the absorbing material of the electrolyte. The battery cover is provided with the charging small hole of electrolyte and the installing small hole of an exhaust valve. The utility model is not only suitable for being used for discharge rate of great current, but also is suitable for being used for the discharge rate of low current, can prevent the deformation of the battery casing caused by dilatancy and effectively extends the service life of the battery.

Description

High-performance sealed lead-acid storage battery with exhaust valve

The utility model relates to a storage battery.

In a sealed lead-acid battery, a sealed container is generally formed by a lid that covers an upper portion of a battery container with an upwardly facing opening of the battery container, and is formed by a plurality of cell compartments partitioned at intervals in the sealed container. A plate group formed by stacking a positive plate, a negative plate and a partition plate is arranged in each single-cell battery chamber, a certain space is reserved at the upper part of the battery to form an air chamber, one or more safety valves are arranged on a cover, and the electrolyte is usually adsorbed in the partition plate or a colloid material to form a non-flowing electrolyte. When the battery is charged, after the voltage of the battery reaches a certain value, the oxygen separated out from the positive plate is transmitted to the negative plate through the porous partition plate, and is recombined into water on the negative plate, so that the water loss of the battery is greatly reduced when the battery is used, and the electricity is achievedThe purpose of the cell is to avoid adding water and electrolyte during the service life. However, in the conventional battery, the opening pressure of the valve is usually 40 to 98Kpa, a lean electrolyte type design is adopted for forming a gas combination channel between a positive plate and a negative plate of the battery, the amount of electrolyte in the battery is very limited, the amount of electrolyte is usually only 10 to 12g/Ah, and the recombination efficiency of oxygen in the battery is 90 to 98 percent. In order to store a certain amount of energy in the battery, a positive electrode active material, a negative electrode active material, and an electrolyte must be required. According to the charge-discharge theory of the lead-acid storage battery, the charge-discharge reaction can be expressed by the following chemical reaction equation: positive electrode active material (PbO)₂) + negative active material (PbSO₄)+H₂O, it is practically impossible to fully utilize the positive and negative active materials in the battery, and the utilization rate of the active materials depends on the discharge rate, with a small current discharge rate(e.g., discharge time duration)For more than 8 hours), the active material utilization may be several times the high current discharge rate (e.g., 1-5 minutes). Thus, a cell designed for a low current discharge rate requires more electrolysis than a cell designed for a high current discharge rate. The battery manufactured according to the general method is suitable for a large current discharge rate but is not suitable for a small current discharge rate, or is suitable for a small current discharge rate but is not suitable for a large current discharge rate. However, in the practical use of batteries (e.g., UPS power supplies), it is desirable that the batteries be capable of operating at both high current discharge rates and low current discharge rates. Therefore, it is difficult for the conventional battery to meet the requirement, and in such a battery, the pressure in the battery is generally high, heat is not easy to diffuse, and after the battery is used for a period of time, the electrolyte is dried up, the battery heats up, and the battery expands and deforms to lose efficacy.

The utility model aims at: the high-performance sealed lead-acid storage battery with the exhaust valve is suitable for high-current discharge rate and low-current discharge rate, can prevent the expansion and deformation of a battery shell, and effectively prolongs the service life of the battery.

The technical scheme of the utility model is that: a high-performance sealed lead-acid storage battery with an exhaust valve comprises a battery jar, a positive plate and a negative plate in the battery jar, a partition board for separating the positive plate from the negative plate, a battery cover fused and sealed on the battery jar, a positive busbar and a negative busbar on the positive plate and the negative plate, a positive pole column and a negative pole column; the area of the negative plate is larger than that of the positive plate, an air chamber formed by the upper ends of the battery cover, the positive plate, the negative plate and the partition plate, and the gaps around the positive plate, the negative plate, the partition plate and the battery jar are filled with electrolyte adsorption materials, and the battery cover is provided with electrolyte filling holes and exhaust valve mounting holes.

The utility model has the advantages that:

firstly, the areas of the positive plate and the negative plate of the common battery are basically consistent, when the battery is charged to a certain degree, most of oxygen generated on the positive plate can be recombined into water on the negative plate, but a part of oxygen can still escape from the short side surface and the upper part of the battery electrode group, the oxygen can not return to the negative plate to be recombined into water to flow into electrolyte, the gas not only increases the internal pressure of the battery, but also can dry the electrolyte, and because the gas can not be fully combined, the performance of the battery is often reduced, and the battery generates heat and expands and deforms, and if the battery is seriously, the battery fails prematurely. Further, since the frame of the positive electrode plate is made of a lead alloy, the lead alloy is gradually oxidized into lead dioxide during repeated charge and discharge or long-term charge of the battery, and the area of the positive electrode plate is gradually increased over that of the negative electrode plate, which further increases the chance of oxygen escaping from the short sides and upper portions of the electrode groups, and thus further aggravates the above-mentioned problems. The utility model discloses a negative plate area is greater than the way of positive plate area, has just so enlarged the reaction zone of oxygen on the negative plate that appears on the positive plate, even the positive plate takes place the area grow because of charging, still enables oxygen synthetic water of normalizing on the negative plate to during the back electrolyte. Moreover, the area of the negative plate can be increased by 5-30% compared with the area of the negative plate of the common battery by adopting the measure, so that the current density of the negative plate is correspondingly reduced under the same charging condition, the electrochemical polarization phenomenon that oxygen is combined to form water on the negative plate is slowed down, the full combination of the oxygen on the negative plate is facilitated, and the normal use performance of the battery is effectively maintained and prolonged.

Secondly, electrolyte mainly keeps in glass fiber baffle or the colloidal material between just, the negative plate in ordinary battery, and the utility model discloses an electrolyte not only keeps in the glass fiber baffle, but also keeps in filling the electrolyte adsorption material in the battery utmost point crowd space all around and utmost point crowd upper portion space, takes this measure to have following advantage:

1. the electrolyte amount in the battery is more than that of the common battery, and the battery performance is further improved because of sufficient electrolyte amount, so that the battery can not only meet the heavy-current discharge characteristic, but also be suitable for the occasion of low-current discharge.

2. The electrolyte adsorption material filled in the gaps and the upper part around the electrode group can play a role in preventing oxygen generated on the positive plate from escaping towards the upper part and two short side surfaces of the electrode group, so that the oxygen can only penetrate through the porous glass fiber partition plate to reach the negative plate and be converted into water to be returned into electrolyte. So, no matter the short side of positive plate or the oxygen that upper portion escaped all can permeate the porous baffle, fully combine on the negative plate, and then improve the recombination efficiency of oxygen, prevented the too early degradation of battery performance.

3. The electrolyte adsorbing materials filled in the upper part and the peripheral gaps of the electrode group can play a role in isolating air from the negative plate, so that the battery has relatively stable charging performance after the manufacturing is finished, and the phenomenon that the storage performance of the battery is reduced due to the fact that air is reserved in an air chamber of a common battery and oxygen in the air is connected with the negative plate to generate self-discharge when the air is disconnected with the negative plate is avoided.

And the battery jar and the battery cover are sealed together by bonding or melting, the battery cover is provided with a small hole for filling electrolyte and installing an exhaust valve, the exhaust valve can be automatically opened when the internal pressure of the battery exceeds a limit value, redundant gas in the battery is discharged, the exhaust valve is automatically closed after the internal pressure of the battery is recovered to be normal, and the electrolyte can be injected into the battery through the small hole on the cover.

The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and examples:

FIG. 1 is an external view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a front view of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a top view of the present invention.

Wherein: 1. an electrolytic cell; 2. a positive plate; 3. a negative plate; 4.a partition plate; 5. a battery cover; 6. a positive electrode bus bar; 7. a negative electrode bus bar; 8. a positive post; 9. a negative pole post; 10. an air chamber; 11. an electrolyte adsorbing material; 12. filling small holes; 13. and (5) mounting small holes.

Example (b): as shown in fig. 1, 2, 3, a high-performance sealed lead-acid storage battery with a vent valve includes a battery container 1, a positive plate 2 and a negative plate 3 in the battery container 1, a separator 4 separating the positive plate 2 and the negative plate 3, a battery cover 5 fusion-sealed to the battery container 1, a positive busbar 6 and a negative busbar 7 on the positive plate 2 and the negative plate 3, and a positive post 8 and a negative post 9; the area of the negative plate 3 is larger than that of the positive plate 2, an air chamber 10 formed by the upper ends of the battery cover 5, the positive plate 2, the negative plate 3 and the partition plate 4 and gaps around the positive plate 2, the negative plate 3, the partition plate 4 and the battery jar 1 are filled with an electrolyte adsorption material 11, and a filling small hole 12 of electrolyte and a mounting small hole 13 of an exhaust valve are arranged on the battery cover 5; and a safety exhaust valve is arranged on the mounting small hole 13. The battery case 1 is made of ABS plastic or polypropylene plastic, and a pole group is assembled into the battery case 1, the pole group is composed of a rectangular positive plate 2, a rectangular separator 4 and a rectangular negative plate 3, and the battery case 1 has a transverse inner dimension W_cTransverse dimension W of the positive plate 2_p+The transverse dimension W of the negative plate 3_p-Transverse dimension W of the partition 4_sThe relationship is as follows:

0.05W_p+≤W_c－W_p+≤0.15W_p+；

0.03W_p+≤W_p-－W_p+≤0.1W_p+；

0≤W_s－W_cless than or equal to 2 mm. The positive electrode bus bar 6 and the negative electrode bus bar 7 are formed above each of the positive electrode plate 2 and the negative electrode plate 3 together with the positive electrode post 8 and the negative electrode post 9, and the tab distance L of the lower surface of the negative electrode bus bar 7_-The tab distance L below the positive electrode bus bar 6₊Height H of the positive electrode plate 2_p+Height H of negative plate_P-Height H of partition_sThe relationship is as follows:

0.05H_P-≤L_-≤0.15H_P-；

L₊＝L_-＋H_P－H_P+；

0.03H_P+≤H_P-－H_P+≤0.15H_P+；

1.05H_P-≤H_S≤H_P-＋L_-. The battery jar 1 and the battery cover 5 are sealed together by bonding or fusing, the battery cover 5 is provided with a filling hole 12 of electrolyte and a mounting hole 13 of an exhaust valve, the exhaust valve can be opened when the internal pressure of the battery exceeds a limit value, the redundant gas in the battery is exhausted, and the exhaust valve is automatically closed after the internal pressure of the battery is normal. Electrolyte is injected into the battery through the small hole 12 on the battery cover 5 and is adsorbed in the partition plate 4, the electrolyte is sulfuric acid solution, the partition plate adsorbs the electrolyte to be saturated, redundant acid in the battery is poured out or pumped out, the electrolyte adsorption material 11 is injected into the battery, the electrolyte adsorption material11 is a mixture of silicon dioxide, phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid and water, the mixture has thixotropy, when the electrolyte is just injected into the battery, the electrolyte can be rapidly filled in gaps around a pole group and an air chamber 10 at the upper part of the pole group, then the electrolyte is gradually condensed into colloidal substances, the addition amount of the colloidal substances can be calculated according to the battery capacity, and the battery can be put into a charging and discharging operation system after being provided with an.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a take discharge valve's sealed lead acid battery of high performance, includes battery jar 1, positive plate 2 and negative plate 3 in the battery jar 1, the baffle 4 that separates positive plate 2 and negative plate 3, the battery cover 5 of melt-seal on battery jar 1, positive busbar 6 and negative busbar 7 on positive plate 2 and the negative plate 3 to and anodal post 8 and negative pole post 9, its characterized in that: the area of the negative plate 3 is larger than that of the positive plate 2, an air chamber 10 formed by the upper ends of the battery cover 5, the positive plate 2, the negative plate 3 and the partition plate 4 and the surrounding gaps of the positive plate 2, the negative plate 3, the partition plate 4 and the battery jar 1 are filled with an electrolyte adsorption material 11, and a filling small hole 12 of electrolyte and a mounting small hole 13 of an exhaust valve are arranged on the battery cover 5.

2. The high performance sealed lead acid battery with an exhaust valve of claim 1, wherein: and a safety exhaust valve is arranged on the small hole 13.