CN221379730U

CN221379730U - Low-profile ultra-wideband omnidirectional antenna

Info

Publication number: CN221379730U
Application number: CN202323548575.0U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李恩社; 张超伟; 冯毅刚; 刘俊一
Original assignee: Beijing Kunlun Kaili Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Beijing Kunlun Kaili Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2023-12-25
Filing date: 2023-12-25
Publication date: 2024-07-19
Anticipated expiration: 2033-12-25

Abstract

The utility model provides a low-profile ultra-wideband omnidirectional antenna, which comprises a printed board, a front dipole unit, a back dipole unit, a wideband matching balun and a low-noise amplifier, wherein the front dipole unit and the back dipole unit are respectively arranged on the front surface and the back surface of the printed board in a central symmetry manner, an upper dipole arm and a lower dipole arm form complementation, the effect of widening bandwidth and balancing the horizontal plane consistency of a radiation pattern is realized, the front dipole unit and the back dipole unit both comprise a plurality of dipole arms which are arranged in an equidistant array along a central axis, the front dipole arm and the back dipole arm of the printed board are respectively fed to the wideband matching balun through feeding microstrip lines, and the wideband matching balun provides wideband matching phases, so that the ultra-wideband characteristic is increased, and the working frequency is expanded. The broadband matching balun is electrically connected with a radio frequency input end of the low-noise amplifier through a radio frequency cable, and the maximum radiation direction of the antenna is optimized through the low-noise amplifier, so that the horizontal gain is improved.

Description

Low-profile ultra-wideband omnidirectional antenna

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the field of electromagnetic spectrum detection and the technical field of communication, in particular to a low-profile ultra-wideband omni-directional antenna.

Background

In a wireless communication system, an omni-directional antenna is an important antenna type in a wireless communication system. The pattern of an omni-directional antenna is a non-directional circle in the horizontal plane, i.e., radiates and receives electromagnetic waves in 360 degrees to the surroundings. The omni-directional antenna is divided into vertical polarization, horizontal polarization, circular polarization and the like according to the polarization of the received and emitted electromagnetic waves, the vertical polarization approximates the radiation of an electric dipole, the horizontal polarization approximates the radiation of a magnetic dipole, in practical application, the omni-directional antenna which only has uniform radiation on a certain tangential plane such as a horizontal plane is widely applied, and the use of the omni-directional antenna can not only ensure good communication effect, but also reduce equipment size and cost.

To date, omni-directional antennas have been developed, and generally, vertically polarized omni-directional antennas are easier to implement, in the form of monopole antennas, dipole antennas, biconical antennas, and the like. However, as multipath effects and electromagnetic environments become complex, the application requirements of horizontally polarized omnidirectional antennas are also quite strong and wide. Since magnetic dipoles are not present, horizontally polarized omni-directional antennas need to be arrayed to form a pattern of omni-directional radiation, and thus the design of horizontally polarized omni-directional antennas is much more difficult. Heretofore, the invented horizontal polarization horizontal omni-directional antenna is almost based on the loop antenna theory, namely an electric small loop antenna and an electric large Alford loop antenna. The former has a limited range of applications due to its low gain, narrow bandwidth and inefficiency. The electric large Alford loop antenna adopts a plurality of coplanar horizontal polarization vibrator arrays to realize loop current so as to realize horizontal polarization omnidirectional radiation, and has the advantages that the bandwidth, the gain and the efficiency are improved compared with those of small electric antennas, and the size is larger than that of the small electric antennas, and a complex feed network is needed. In summary, miniaturized, low profile, ultra-wideband, high gain horizontal polarization horizontal omni-directional antennas are key devices and technical bottlenecks in wireless communications.

Disclosure of utility model

The utility model aims to provide a low-profile ultra-wideband omni-directional antenna, which aims to solve the problems of large size, narrow bandwidth, low gain and large out-of-roundness of a horizontal omni-directional pattern of a horizontal polarized omni-directional antenna.

The utility model provides a low-profile ultra-wideband omnidirectional antenna, which comprises a printed board, a front dipole unit, a back dipole unit, a wideband matching balun and a low-noise amplifier, wherein the front dipole unit and the back dipole unit are respectively arranged on the front surface and the back surface of the printed board in a central symmetry manner, each of the front dipole unit and the back dipole unit comprises a plurality of dipole arms which are arranged in an array manner along a central axis at equal intervals, the front dipole arms and the back dipole arms of the printed board are respectively fed to the wideband matching balun through feeding microstrip lines, the wideband matching balun is electrically connected with a radio frequency input end of the low-noise amplifier through a radio frequency cable, and a radio frequency output end of the low-noise amplifier is connected to a radio frequency output port through a radio frequency cable; and a dielectric layer is arranged between the front dipole unit and the back dipole unit.

Further, the circuit board comprises an outer cover and a bottom plate, the printed board and the low noise amplifier are fixedly arranged at the top end of the bottom plate, the outer cover is coated on the outer side of the printed board and the outer side of the low noise amplifier, and the bottom end of the outer cover is fixedly connected with the top end of the bottom plate through bolts.

Further, a connecting disc for fixing the handle is fixedly arranged at the bottom end of the bottom plate.

Further, the dipole arms on the front side and the dipole arms on the back side of the printed board extend the feeding microstrip line to the broadband matching balun along the horizontal plane in an inclined 45-degree direction by a central feeding point.

Further, one ends of the radiation patches corresponding to the two dipole arms, which are adjacent to each other up and down, of the printed board are overlapped.

Further, each of the front dipole unit and the back dipole unit includes at least four dipole arms arranged in an equidistant array along a central axis.

Further, the non-overlapping ends of the radiation patches corresponding to the two dipole arms, which are adjacent to each other up and down, of the printed board are provided with arc-shaped cuts.

Further, a plurality of conical cylindrical blocks corresponding to the dipole arms one by one are arranged in a circumferential array along the upper layer and the lower layer at the central feeding point, and the conical cylindrical blocks and the feeding microstrip line form coupling

Further, the dielectric layer is made of a material with a low dielectric constant.

Further, the printed board is erected at the top end of the bottom plate through a plurality of mounting rods.

Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the utility model has the following beneficial effects: the technical scheme is that front dipole units and back dipole units which are symmetrical in center are arranged on the front side and the back side of a printed board, upper dipole arms and lower dipole arms are complementary, the effect of widening bandwidth and balancing the horizontal plane consistency of a radiation pattern is achieved, and a dielectric layer with a certain dielectric constant is arranged between the front dipole units and the back dipole units, so that the antenna is miniaturized, and the antenna is low in profile; the front dipole arm and the back dipole arm are respectively fed to the broadband matching balun through the feed microstrip line, and broadband matching phases are provided by the broadband matching balun, so that the ultra-wide bandwidth characteristic is improved, and the working frequency is expanded.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are some embodiments of the present utility model, and other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.

FIG. 1 is a top view of the internal structure of the present utility model;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the interior of the present utility model;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a dielectric layer of the present utility model

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the outline structure of the present utility model;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the present utility model;

Reference numerals illustrate: 1-housing, 2-printed board, 3-low noise amplifier, 4-bottom plate, 5-handle, 6-power supply port, 7-radio frequency output port, 8-passive radio frequency output port, 9-broadband matching balun, 10-dipole arm, 11-dielectric layer, 12-conical cylindrical block.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described in connection with the embodiments, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present utility model, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the utility model without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the utility model.

In the description of the present utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings are merely for convenience in describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present utility model.

Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the described features. In the description of the present utility model, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more, unless explicitly defined otherwise. Furthermore, the terms "mounted," "connected," "coupled," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present utility model will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1-5, the utility model provides a low-profile ultra-wideband omni-directional antenna, which comprises a printed board 2, a front dipole unit, a back dipole unit, a wideband matching balun 9 and a low-noise amplifier 3, wherein the front dipole unit and the back dipole unit are respectively arranged on the front surface and the back surface of the printed board 2 in a central symmetry manner, a dielectric layer 11 made of a material with a low dielectric constant is arranged between the front dipole unit and the back dipole unit, so that the antenna is miniaturized, the antenna low-profile is realized, and the dielectric layer 11 can be designed into a regular polygon or a circle. In this embodiment, the front dipole unit and the back dipole unit each include four dipole arms 10 arranged in an equidistant array along the central axis, and two adjacent dipole arms 10 up and down form complementation to achieve the effect of widening bandwidth and balancing the horizontal plane consistency of the radiation pattern, the four front dipole arms 10 are connected into a whole by using a feeding microstrip line, the four dipole arms 10 rotate around a central feeding point to be uniformly distributed at 90 degrees, the four front feeding microstrip lines are converged together at the central point, and the central feeding point extends the feeding microstrip line to the broadband matching balun 9 along the horizontal plane in an inclined 45-degree manner; the rear four dipole arms 10 are arranged in the same manner as the front dipole arms 10, wherein each radiating single arm length l1= (0.15-0.25) ·λc, single arm width w1= (0.02-0.05) ·λc, λc is the center wavelength.

The antenna structure further comprises an outer cover 1 and a bottom plate 4, wherein the outer cover 1 is made of glass fiber reinforced plastic materials, good wave transmittance is achieved, a printed board 2 is erected on the top end of the bottom plate 4 through a plurality of mounting rods, a low-noise amplifier 3 is fixedly mounted on the top end of the bottom plate 4 through screws, the outer cover 1 is coated on the outer sides of the printed board 2 and the low-noise amplifier 3, the bottom end of the outer cover 1 is fixedly connected with the top end of the bottom plate 4 through bolts, and a connecting disc used for fixing a handle 5 is fixedly mounted on the bottom end of the bottom plate 4.

The front dipole arm 10 and the back dipole arm 10 of the printed board 2 extend the feed microstrip line to the broadband matching balun 9 along the horizontal plane by 45 degrees obliquely from the central feed point to provide broadband matching phase, thereby increasing the ultra-wide bandwidth characteristic, expanding the working frequency to 0.02 GHz-6 GHz, keeping the phase difference between the front dipole unit and the back dipole unit at 180 degrees at different frequency points by the broadband matching balun 9, thereby ensuring that the current directions of the two arms are kept in the same direction, achieving remarkable performance improvement compared with the conventional scheme, the broadband matching balun 9 is electrically connected with the radio frequency input end of the low noise amplifier 3, the radio frequency output end of the low noise amplifier 3 is connected to the radio frequency output port 7 fixedly arranged at the bottom end of the bottom plate 4 through a radio frequency cable, the gain of the antenna is improved by utilizing the low noise amplifier 3, and the power supply port 6 of the low noise amplifier 3 is fixedly arranged at the bottom end of the bottom plate 4.

One ends of the radiation patches corresponding to the two vertically adjacent dipole arms 10 of the printed board 2 are overlapped, arc-shaped cuts are arranged at non-overlapped ends of the radiation patches corresponding to the two vertically adjacent dipole arms 10 of the printed board 2, and the characteristic impedance of each point can be changed by arranging the arc-shaped cuts, so that balanced feed and broadband matching in a broadband are realized.

A plurality of conical cylindrical blocks 12 which are in one-to-one correspondence with the dipole arms 10 are arranged along the upper layer and the lower layer at the central feeding point in a circumferential array, and the conical cylindrical blocks 12 are coupled with the feeding microstrip line; the passive radio frequency output port 8 is welded on the conical cylindrical block 12, and the coaxial feed core passes through the through hole of the printed board 2 and is welded with the circular bonding pad of the feed microstrip line. The end of the conical cylindrical block 12 is provided with a coaxial connector, the coaxial core of the coaxial connector passes through the dielectric layer 11 from bottom to top and is connected with the feed microstrip line, and four grounding posts of the coaxial connector are connected with the conical cylindrical block 12, so that the ground of the coaxial connector feed is formed, the printed dipole array is fed, and the coaxial connector adopts 50 omega impedance.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present utility model, and not for limiting the same; although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the utility model.

Claims

1. The low-profile ultra-wideband omnidirectional antenna is characterized by comprising a printed board, a front dipole unit, a back dipole unit, a wideband matching balun and a low-noise amplifier, wherein the front dipole unit and the back dipole unit are respectively arranged on the front surface and the back surface of the printed board in a central symmetry mode, the front dipole unit and the back dipole unit respectively comprise a plurality of dipole arms which are arranged in an array mode along a central axis at equal intervals, the front dipole arm and the back dipole arm of the printed board are respectively fed to the wideband matching balun through feeding microstrip lines, the wideband matching balun is electrically connected with a radio frequency input end of the low-noise amplifier through a radio frequency cable, and a radio frequency output end of the low-noise amplifier is connected to a radio frequency output port; and a dielectric layer is arranged between the front dipole unit and the back dipole unit.

2. The low profile ultra wideband omni-directional antenna of claim 1, comprising a housing and a base plate, wherein the printed board and the low noise amplifier are fixedly mounted at the top end of the base plate, the housing is coated at the outer sides of the printed board and the low noise amplifier, and the bottom end of the housing is fixedly connected with the top end of the base plate through bolts.

3. The low profile ultra wideband omni-directional antenna of claim 2, wherein the bottom end of the base plate is fixedly mounted with a connecting disc for securing a handle.

4. The low profile ultra wideband omni-directional antenna of claim 1, wherein the front side and back side dipole arms of the printed board extend 45 ° from a central feed point diagonally along a horizontal plane from the feed microstrip line to the wideband matching balun.

5. The low profile ultra wideband omni-directional antenna of claim 1, wherein one end of the radiating patch corresponding to two dipole arms adjacent to each other above and below the printed board is overlapped.

6. The low profile ultra-wideband omni-directional antenna of claim 1, wherein the front dipole element and the back dipole element each comprise at least four dipole arms disposed in an equidistant array along a central axis.

7. The low profile ultra wideband omni-directional antenna of claim 5, wherein the non-overlapping ends of the radiating patches corresponding to two of the dipole arms that are vertically adjacent to each other of the printed board are provided with arc-shaped cuts.

8. The low profile ultra wideband omni directional antenna of claim 4, wherein a plurality of tapered cylindrical blocks are disposed in a circumferential array along the upper and lower layers at the center feed point in one-to-one correspondence with the dipole arms, the tapered cylindrical blocks being coupled to the feed microstrip line.

9. The low profile ultra-wideband omni-directional antenna of claim 1, wherein the dielectric layer is made of a low dielectric constant material.

10. The low profile ultra wideband omni-directional antenna of claim 2, wherein the printed board is supported on top of the base plate by a plurality of mounting posts.